US3872279A - Laser-radio frequency energy beam system - Google Patents

Laser-radio frequency energy beam system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3872279A
US3872279A US409167A US40916773A US3872279A US 3872279 A US3872279 A US 3872279A US 409167 A US409167 A US 409167A US 40916773 A US40916773 A US 40916773A US 3872279 A US3872279 A US 3872279A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
laser beam
inert gas
electrode means
hollow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US409167A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas E Fairbairn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sirius Corp
Original Assignee
Sirius Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sirius Corp filed Critical Sirius Corp
Priority to US409167A priority Critical patent/US3872279A/en
Priority to CA211,397A priority patent/CA983584A/en
Priority to DE19742450938 priority patent/DE2450938A1/de
Priority to IL45918A priority patent/IL45918A/en
Priority to JP49122993A priority patent/JPS5075392A/ja
Priority to FR7435765A priority patent/FR2302815A1/fr
Priority to US05/531,895 priority patent/US3947654A/en
Priority to US05/531,894 priority patent/US3947653A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3872279A publication Critical patent/US3872279A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/1423—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the flow carrying an electric current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/228—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
    • B23K26/1464—Supply to, or discharge from, nozzles of media, e.g. gas, powder, wire
    • B23K26/147—Features outside the nozzle for feeding the fluid stream towards the workpiece

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A laser-radio frequency system for generating a high temperature beam and for directing and modulating the combined beam-at a workpiece or target.
  • the system includes a hollow circular electrode mounted within a circular nozzle and spaced apart from the nozzle to define an annular gap.
  • a radio frequency generator having a hollow metal coil as its tank coil is connected to the nozzle and a pressurized inert gas is fed through the tank coil into the nozzle. When the generator is activated, a coherent R.F.
  • the radio frequency tank coil may be connected to a source of powder for spraying a coating on the workpiece.
  • the R.F. energy portion of the beam which is generally known, is generated by a conventional radio frequency generator having a tank coil in its output circuit.
  • the tank coil is a hollow metal tube into which inert gas is introduced under pressure.
  • the output of the tank coil is coupled through a nozzle having an electrode mounted therein, and upon application of power to the radio frequency generator, an R.F. electron energy beam is emitted from the tip of the electrode and this beam is sheathed and focused by the inert gas.
  • the present invention contemplates a method and apparatus for providing a composite laser-radio frequency energy beam system. Prior to my conception of this invention, it was not known that the laser beam could be utilized in conjunction with an R.F. plasma type energy beam.
  • the present invention includes a radio frequency energy beam generator such as a torch, modified over the torch described in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,648,015, and combined with a laser generator.
  • the torch of the present system includes a nozzle having a hollow electrode mounted therein.
  • the laser beam is focused through the hollow portion of the electrode, without hitting the inner surface of the electrode, along with a low pressure gas.
  • the laser is focused on a workpiece such as by an adjustable Cassegranian reflector.
  • the energy beam generator is generally set forth in my prior patent, and upon energization of the radio frequency generator and introduction of an inert gas, the hollow electrode emits the coherent R.F. plasma energy beam.
  • the R.F. plasma energy beam is sheathed or surrounded by an annular ring of inert gas which limits the scattering of the beam.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the laser-R.F. energy beam torch of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged, partly sectional illustration of the nozzle and electrode of the torch of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective partial illustration of the nozzle and electrode of the torch of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the electrode as seen in the direction of the arrows 44 of FIG. 2.
  • the laser beam-radio frequency energy beam system of the present invention includes a radio frequency generator 10 having a conventional output tank circuit 11 and a tank coil 12.
  • the choice of the particular radio frequency generator may be made by those killed in the art as long as a coherent single frequency R.F. sine wave is the output.
  • An exemplary circuit is shown in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,648,015 which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the tank coil is hollow copper tubing both ends of which are electrically and mechanically connected to the tank circuit as at 13.
  • a pressurized fluid input provided from a fluid supply 14.
  • the fluid may be water or may be a gaseous media such as oxygen, propane or hydrogen, or other inert gas.
  • An inert gas such as air or helium is preferred.
  • a fluid path is defined from a tube 16 through a T fitting 18 and a supply tube 20 to a low voltage, high current point on the tank coil 12. Inert gas under very low pressure is introduced at a low voltage point of the tank coil to prevent ionization of the gas with its resultant effect upon the fittings and the tank coil such as shorting, melting and the like.
  • a powder material or other aggregate may also be introduced into the tank coil for spraying onto a workpiece, from a supply of powder 22.
  • the powder or aggregate supply 22, together with a carrier gas 24 are supplied as inputs to a second T fitting 26.
  • the output of this T fitting goes through a tube 28 to the T fitting 18.
  • the powder supply which is optional, is also introduced into a low voltage, high current point of the tank coil 12 and is conveyed in a smaller tube, not shown, within the tube or tank coil 12.
  • the output from the tank coil is taken at a high voltage, low current point through a tube 30 to an electrically conductive nozzle 32. This provides the radio frequency input to the nozzle.
  • the laser input is provided by a pair of O-switched laser amplifiers, such as Sylvanias 4A8-CO type, including a first amplifier 34 and a second amplifier 36.
  • a pair of O-switched laser amplifiers such as Sylvanias 4A8-CO type, including a first amplifier 34 and a second amplifier 36.
  • the hollow nozzle 32 which has an outlet orifice 33, includes an electrode 40 having a main body 41 with a hollow center 42.
  • the nozzle has a curved front face which may be highly polished to serve as a mirror as at 44.
  • the electrode is mounted within and electrically connected to the nozzle by three threaded screws 46 spaced 120 degrees apart and projecting radially inwardly towards the hollow center of the electrode.
  • the three threaded screws 46 provide a force fit on the outer surface of the electrode and the space between the electrode and the nozzle defines an annular air gap 48.
  • the length of the electrode may extend past the nozzle orifice and may be adjusted by first releasing the screws 46 to focus the electron beam.
  • the electrode 40 also includes an extension or ring 50 which is attached to the main body 41 of the electrode by a plurality of electrically conductive struts or supports 52.
  • the extension 50 also has a hollow center 54 and has a rear surface mirror 56 facing the main body 41 and a front surface or electrode tip 58.
  • a workpiece 60 is positioned a distance away from the electrode tip 58 to receive both the laser beam and the electron plasma beam.
  • the coherent R.F. electron-plasma energy beam is generated.
  • the tip 58 emits a high frequency coherent electron-plasma energy stream and the inert gas which passes through the annular air gap 48 between the electrode body 41 and the nozzle 32 forms an annular sheath which limits the outward scattering of the stream and directs and focuses it into a beam annular sheath flows around the extension 50 and impinges onto the workpiece.
  • the energy beam goes through the hollow center 54 of the extension and is emitted from the tip 58.
  • the R.F. beam will take a relatively long time to melt the workpiece (one to three) seconds compared to a focused laser beam.
  • the laser beam is combined with the RF. energy beam.
  • the laser beam output of the Q-switched laser amplifiers proceeds on a straight path through the lens 38, continues through an opening 68 in the end of the body 41, through the hollow center 42 of the electrode 40 and is then reflected back off the rear face 56 of the electrode extension.
  • the reflected laser beam is again reflected off the curved face 44 of the nozzle 32 onto the workpiece 60.
  • Both the rear 56 of the extension 50 and the curved face 44 are highly polished to reflect the laser beam. Thus they operate as a Cassegranian reflector system and still allow the inert gas to pass through the hole or aperture 54.
  • the front face or tip 58 of the electrode extension 50 is typically molybdenum, tungsten or platinum.
  • the struts 52 are threaded into the curved face 44 so that the electrode extension 50 may be moved axially toward or away from the workpiece to adjust the focal point 62 where the laser beam impinges upon the workpiece.
  • the laser beam provides a high energy beam which serves as an energy guide for the RF. energy beam which, in turn, is readily absorbed by the workpiece.
  • the combined effect of the laser beam and radio frequency energy beam is similar tothe operation ofa drill bit with the laser beam operating similar to a feed screw to penetrate or initiate melting of the workpiece and with the R.F. electron being operated as the cut-lip of the blade to melt additional material.
  • the powder or aggregate supply 22 and its associated carrier gas 24 may be activated by activating the powder or aggregate supply 22 and its associated carrier gas 24 as set forth in the aforementioned patent.
  • the powder follows a second tube which is wound within the tank coil 12 and which emerges from the tube 30 as a tube 64 external to the nozzle (FIG. 1) or as a tube 66 internal to the nozzle (FIG. 2), through a window or aperture 67.
  • the inert carrier gas may always be on" with the aggregate 22 introduced through fitting 26 when desired.
  • lt is preferred to have gas on through inner and outer tubes 66 and 30 whether or not powder is being sprayed, to provide for laminar flow of the gas and improved beam control.
  • the use of the laser beam serves to heat, by ionization and other means, the inert gas as it emerges from ring electrode 50 during operation and thus the gas reaches the surface of the workpiece at higher temperature and higher energy peaks than in the prior art.
  • the helium, air, or inert gas emerging from the hollow center 42 of the electrode and passing through the hole 54 in the extension 50 conducts the RF. coherent sine wave energy to the workpiece.
  • the helium is inoized partially by the laser beam as it travel through the hollow electrode. This partially ionized gas stream does not fully ionize until it emerges through the electrode extension 50 which is where the R.F. energy is supplied to fully generate the-R.F. energy beam from the electrode tip 58.
  • the R.F. energy E will also modulate the laser energy E (carrier), Both waves are-electromagnetic and the algebraic sum and difference for energy apply.
  • the purpose of the lens 38 is to focus the laser beam and prevent the laser from damaging the inside walls of the hollow electrode body 41.
  • this lens is not necessary and only a window is needed if the amplifier is provided with a suitable focusing mechanism.
  • the electrode extension or ring 50 of the Cassegranian type mirror or reflector system may be a hollow mirror or lens with a tungsten facing to define the electrode tip 58.
  • a coherent laser-radio frequency energy beam system for generating a high temperature beam and for directing the beam at a workpiece said system adapted to be used with a supply of low pressure inert gas; said system comprising:
  • a radio-frequency generator including a tank coil formed of a hollow, electrically conductive tube, both ends of said tube being electrically and mechanically coupled to said generator,
  • said inert gas being introduced into a maximum current-low voltage point of said tank coil
  • said generator being for producing a single frequency coherent sine wave energy beam
  • an electrically conductive nozzle having an opening at one end and an outlet orifice at said other end;
  • hollow electrode means centrally mounted within said nozzle and being radially spaced-apart therefrom to define an annular gap therebetween;
  • said electrode for channeling a laser beam and the low pressure inert gas; said laser beam being directed from said nozzle opening through the hollow portion of said electrode means;
  • said coherent electromagnetic energy beam including a laser beam portion and a R.F. energy beam emitted from said electrode means and having an annular sheath of said inert gas for surrounding and focusing said beam and having an inner gas stream for conducting the electromagnetic energy to the workpiece.
  • said electrode means includes a hollow body portion and a hollow ring spaced apart from said body by struts;
  • said ring including a reflective surface of reflect said laser back toward said nozzle
  • a coherent laser-radio frequency energy beam system for generating and modulating a high temperature beam, said system adapted to be used with a supply of low pressure inert gas; said system comprising:
  • a radio-frequency generator including a tank coil formed of a hollow, electrically conductive tube, both ends of said tube being electrically and mechanically coupled to said generator,
  • said inert gas being introduced into a maximum current-low voltage point of said tank coil
  • said generator being for producing a single frequency coherent sine wave energy beam
  • an electrically conductive nozzle having an opening at one end and an outlet orifice at said other end;
  • hollow electrode means centrally mounted within said nozzle and being radially spaced-apart therefrom to define an annular gap therebetween;
  • said electrode for channeling a laser beam and the low pressure inert gas; said laser beam being directed from said nozzle opening through the hollow portion of said electrode means;
  • a continuous fluid path being defined from said supply of inert gas, through said tank coil, said outlet tube, said electrode means and said annular gap;
  • said coherent electromagnetic energy beam including a laser beam portion and a R.F. energy beam emitted from said electrode means and modulating the laser beam portion, the beam having an annular sheath of said inert gas for surrounding and focusing said beam and having an inner gas stream for conducting the electromagnetic energy to the

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
US409167A 1973-10-24 1973-10-24 Laser-radio frequency energy beam system Expired - Lifetime US3872279A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US409167A US3872279A (en) 1973-10-24 1973-10-24 Laser-radio frequency energy beam system
CA211,397A CA983584A (en) 1973-10-24 1974-10-15 Laser-radio frequency energy beam system
IL45918A IL45918A (en) 1973-10-24 1974-10-23 Laser-radio frequency energy beam system
DE19742450938 DE2450938A1 (de) 1973-10-24 1974-10-23 Laser- hochfrequenz-energiestrahlanlage
JP49122993A JPS5075392A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-10-24 1974-10-24
FR7435765A FR2302815A1 (fr) 1973-10-24 1974-10-24 Procede et appareil de formation d'un faisceau d'energie mixte laser et a haute frequence
US05/531,895 US3947654A (en) 1973-10-24 1974-12-12 Method of generating laser-radio beam
US05/531,894 US3947653A (en) 1973-10-24 1974-12-12 Method of spray coating using laser-energy beam

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US409167A US3872279A (en) 1973-10-24 1973-10-24 Laser-radio frequency energy beam system

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/531,894 Division US3947653A (en) 1973-10-24 1974-12-12 Method of spray coating using laser-energy beam
US05/531,895 Division US3947654A (en) 1973-10-24 1974-12-12 Method of generating laser-radio beam

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3872279A true US3872279A (en) 1975-03-18

Family

ID=23619322

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US409167A Expired - Lifetime US3872279A (en) 1973-10-24 1973-10-24 Laser-radio frequency energy beam system

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3872279A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5075392A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA983584A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2450938A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2302815A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IL (1) IL45918A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4157923A (en) * 1976-09-13 1979-06-12 Ford Motor Company Surface alloying and heat treating processes
US4179599A (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-12-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Laser plasmatron
US4200669A (en) * 1978-11-22 1980-04-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Laser spraying
US4269868A (en) * 1979-03-30 1981-05-26 Rolls-Royce Limited Application of metallic coatings to metallic substrates
US5006688A (en) * 1988-10-24 1991-04-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Laser-arc apparatus and method for controlling plasma cloud
US5043548A (en) * 1989-02-08 1991-08-27 General Electric Company Axial flow laser plasma spraying
US5147997A (en) * 1991-06-21 1992-09-15 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Stand-off cup for torch
US5700989A (en) * 1994-12-30 1997-12-23 Dykhno; Igor S. Combined laser and plasma arc welding torch
US5705785A (en) * 1994-12-30 1998-01-06 Plasma-Laser Technologies Ltd Combined laser and plasma arc welding torch
US20070176046A1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2007-08-02 Kevin Kremeyer Shock wave modification method and system
US20110300306A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-12-08 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Coaxial laser assisted cold spray nozzle
US20140042141A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2014-02-13 Weldvac, Llc Method for Weld Removal, Cutting, and Gouging With Vacuum Removal of Byproducts
US10119195B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2018-11-06 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Multichannel cold spray apparatus
US10605279B2 (en) 2007-08-20 2020-03-31 Kevin Kremeyer Energy-deposition systems, equipment and methods for modifying and controlling shock waves and supersonic flow
US10669653B2 (en) 2015-06-18 2020-06-02 Kevin Kremeyer Directed energy deposition to facilitate high speed applications

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2813642C2 (de) * 1978-03-30 1984-02-23 National Research Development Corp., London Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung metallener Werkstücke
JPS5791893A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-08 Komatsu Ltd Method for overplaying of dissimilar metal on metallic base material
JPS5947085A (ja) * 1982-09-10 1984-03-16 Mitsubishi Electric Corp レ−ザ加工機
JPS59206195A (ja) * 1983-05-09 1984-11-21 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd レ−ザ加工方法
DE4006511A1 (de) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Krupp Gmbh Einrichtung zum zufuehren pulverfoermiger zusatzwerkstoffe in den bereich einer schweissstelle

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3309564A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-03-14 Air Reduction Arc welding apparatus having plasma generator for starting
US3324277A (en) * 1963-06-17 1967-06-06 Budd Co Plasma torch and auxiliary jet arrangement
US3347698A (en) * 1964-01-10 1967-10-17 Metco Inc Radio frequency plasma flame spraying
US3648015A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-03-07 Thomas E Fairbairn Radio frequency generated electron beam torch
US3719829A (en) * 1970-04-10 1973-03-06 Versar Inc Laser beam techniques
US3723246A (en) * 1971-05-27 1973-03-27 Atomic Energy Commission Plasma production apparatus having droplet production means and laserpre-pulse means

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324277A (en) * 1963-06-17 1967-06-06 Budd Co Plasma torch and auxiliary jet arrangement
US3309564A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-03-14 Air Reduction Arc welding apparatus having plasma generator for starting
US3347698A (en) * 1964-01-10 1967-10-17 Metco Inc Radio frequency plasma flame spraying
US3719829A (en) * 1970-04-10 1973-03-06 Versar Inc Laser beam techniques
US3648015A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-03-07 Thomas E Fairbairn Radio frequency generated electron beam torch
US3723246A (en) * 1971-05-27 1973-03-27 Atomic Energy Commission Plasma production apparatus having droplet production means and laserpre-pulse means

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4157923A (en) * 1976-09-13 1979-06-12 Ford Motor Company Surface alloying and heat treating processes
US4179599A (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-12-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Laser plasmatron
US4200669A (en) * 1978-11-22 1980-04-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Laser spraying
US4269868A (en) * 1979-03-30 1981-05-26 Rolls-Royce Limited Application of metallic coatings to metallic substrates
US4300474A (en) * 1979-03-30 1981-11-17 Rolls-Royce Limited Apparatus for application of metallic coatings to metallic substrates
US5006688A (en) * 1988-10-24 1991-04-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Laser-arc apparatus and method for controlling plasma cloud
US5043548A (en) * 1989-02-08 1991-08-27 General Electric Company Axial flow laser plasma spraying
US5147997A (en) * 1991-06-21 1992-09-15 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Stand-off cup for torch
US5700989A (en) * 1994-12-30 1997-12-23 Dykhno; Igor S. Combined laser and plasma arc welding torch
US5705785A (en) * 1994-12-30 1998-01-06 Plasma-Laser Technologies Ltd Combined laser and plasma arc welding torch
US20070176046A1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2007-08-02 Kevin Kremeyer Shock wave modification method and system
US8141811B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2012-03-27 Kevin Kremeyer Shock wave modification method and system
US8511612B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2013-08-20 Kevin Kremeyer Shock wave modification method and system
US10605279B2 (en) 2007-08-20 2020-03-31 Kevin Kremeyer Energy-deposition systems, equipment and methods for modifying and controlling shock waves and supersonic flow
US20140042141A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2014-02-13 Weldvac, Llc Method for Weld Removal, Cutting, and Gouging With Vacuum Removal of Byproducts
US8872056B2 (en) * 2008-05-19 2014-10-28 Charles Klangos Method for weld removal, cutting, and gouging with vacuum removal of byproducts
US20110300306A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-12-08 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Coaxial laser assisted cold spray nozzle
US9481933B2 (en) * 2009-12-04 2016-11-01 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Coaxial laser assisted cold spray nozzle
US10119195B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2018-11-06 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Multichannel cold spray apparatus
US10669653B2 (en) 2015-06-18 2020-06-02 Kevin Kremeyer Directed energy deposition to facilitate high speed applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5075392A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-20
IL45918A0 (en) 1975-03-13
FR2302815A1 (fr) 1976-10-01
CA983584A (en) 1976-02-10
DE2450938A1 (de) 1975-04-30
FR2302815B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-11-24
IL45918A (en) 1976-10-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3872279A (en) Laser-radio frequency energy beam system
US3947653A (en) Method of spray coating using laser-energy beam
US3604890A (en) Multibeam laser-jet cutting apparatus
US3947654A (en) Method of generating laser-radio beam
US3860784A (en) Deep penetration welding using lasers
CA2379182A1 (en) Combined laser and plasma-arc processing torch and method
CA2215563C (en) Combined laser and plasma arc welding torch
US6172323B1 (en) Combined laser and plasma arc welding machine
US5700989A (en) Combined laser and plasma arc welding torch
US3648015A (en) Radio frequency generated electron beam torch
CN108698149B (zh) 具有用于钎料的激光预热装置的焊接设备
WO2000064618A2 (en) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRIGGERING, DIRECTING AND TRANSFERRING ELECTRIC SHOCK ARCS
US4689466A (en) Laser-beam operated machining apparatus
CN104395032A (zh) 在激光支持下进行等离子切割或等离子焊接的方法和装置
WO2018145544A1 (zh) 一种用于激光束和等离子弧复合焊接的焊炬
US6596969B1 (en) Method for guiding arc by laser, and arc guiding welding and device by the method
US4829153A (en) Welding arc initiator
JP4250422B2 (ja) プラズマ溶接法
US6940036B2 (en) Laser-plasma hybrid welding method
JP3034294B2 (ja) レーザ溶接方法およびレーザ溶接装置
JPH0924467A (ja) 溶接アークを点火するための方法
CN113798666A (zh) 焊接材料的焊接方法、装置、设备、存储介质和电子装置
JPH0212674B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JPH05131287A (ja) Ｃｗ炭酸ガスレーザ光線の入力結合法
WO1987007862A1 (en) Laser sustained plasma torch and method for using same