US3871446A - Mixer cooler - Google Patents

Mixer cooler Download PDF

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Publication number
US3871446A
US3871446A US286949A US28694972A US3871446A US 3871446 A US3871446 A US 3871446A US 286949 A US286949 A US 286949A US 28694972 A US28694972 A US 28694972A US 3871446 A US3871446 A US 3871446A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mixer
coolant
vessel
cooler
duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US286949A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hartmut Langenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dierks and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
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Dierks and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/808—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with stirrers driven from the bottom of the receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
    • B01F35/32—Driving arrangements
    • B01F35/321—Disposition of the drive
    • B01F35/3213—Disposition of the drive at the lower side of the axis, e.g. driving the stirrer from the bottom of a receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/318—Heat exchange with driven agitator
    • Y10S165/32—Fully rotary agitator

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A mixer cooler having a mixing tool operating in a double walled mixing vessel, the cavity between the walls of the mixing vessel being subdivided by guide elements into a coolant duct which extends in labyrinthine fashion between a coolant inlet and a coolant discharge.
  • the present invention relates to a mixer-cooler of the kind having a mixing vessel and a mixing tool arranged therein and designed to rotate about a vertical axis coinciding with the vessel axis, the mixing vessel being a double-walled vessel whose internal and external walls define between them a space through which a coolant flows", in said space guide elements being provided to guide the coolant on its passage between a coolant inlet in the base and a coolant discharge means in the neighbourhood of the vessel rim.
  • mixer-coolers of this kind that have been proposed heretofore, the guide elements arranged in the cavity of the double wall were employed to form a by-pass flow between the coolant inlet and the coolant discharge and thus cut off parts of the double wall from the coolant flow.
  • the normally solid, e.g., forged and machined, mixer tools extend radially from a hub mounted on a drive shaft, and generally take the form of a multiple beater tool set.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the cooling performance of mixer-coolers of the kind above described, in terms of their indirect heat exchange, without incurring anyappreciable extra cost of construction.
  • the present invention is a mixer-cooler, consisting of a mixing vessel and a mixing tool arranged therein and designed to rotate about a vertical axis coinciding with the axis of the vessel, the mixing vessel being a doublewalled vessel whose internal and external walls define between them a jacket or space through which a coolant flows, in said space guide elements being provided to guide the coolant on its passage between a coolant inlet in the base and a coolant discharge means in the neighbourhood of the vessel rim.
  • the guide elements subdivide the jacket into a coolant duct extending in labyrinthine fashion from the coolant inlet to the cool ant discharge.
  • the flow duct may consist of concentric duct sections constituted by guide baffles extending substantially concentrically to the vessel axis; each of which duct sections extends over an angle subtended at the centre of around 360 and is connected through a radial transfer orifice with the particular adjacent, radially outer duct section, in a series arrangement.
  • the flow duct may be formed in the side-wall zone of the double wall, by duct sections formed by guide baffles disposed coaxially and at intervals, parallel one above the other in the cavity, each of which duct sections extends through an angle subtended at the centre, of 360, and
  • a further substantial increase in cooling performance on the part of mixer-coolers of this kind can be achieved by designing the mixer tools so that the lead ing face, considered in the direction of rotation of each tool, has an alignment which is tangential to the peripheral surface of the hub.
  • the front side of the mixer tools will be formed by an overall working face made up of working face sections of substantially flat form inclined at different angles to the horizontal underface of the tools.
  • the front side of the mixer tools presents, in the zone adjacent the hub, an internal working face section which makes an angle with the under face of the tools of to this angle being open towards the direction of rotation.
  • the front side of the mixer tools can be provided in the neighbourhood of the external end with an external working face section which makes an angle with the underface of the tools, of about 45, this angle being open towards the direction of rotation.
  • the mixer tool is further provided with an intermediate working face forming a transition from the internal to the external workingface sections, said intermediate face having an inclination corresponding substantially to that of the external working face section.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in a partially cut-away overall side elevation of a mixer-cooler in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cut-away plan view of the mixercooler of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an overall end elevation of the mixer-cooler shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a view partially in side elevation and partially in vertical section of the mixing vessel of the mixer cooler shown in FIGS. 1 to 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view in horizontal section of the flow duct in the cavity of the double wall of the mixer vessel, in the neighbourhood of the base thereof;
  • FIG. 6 is a view in plan of a mixer tool set
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are side elevations relating to FIG. 6;
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 are simplified sectional illustrations through a mixer tool, the sections being taken respectively on the lines IX, X and XI of FIG. 7.
  • the mixer illustrated in the drawing consists of a mixing vessel 1 in which a set 2 of mixer tools is designed to rotate.
  • the mixing vessel 1, set up upon a machine bed 3, has a substantially circular cylindrical form.
  • the vessel axis 4 corresponds with the axis of rotation of the set of mixer tools.
  • the top of the mixer vessel 1 is closed off by a cover or the like.
  • a closable hatchway 6 is provided to fill the internal cavity 5 of the mixer vessel 1.
  • the removal of the cooled mixed material from the interior 5 is carried out through a lateral discharge orifice which can be closed and opened by means of a device 7.
  • an electric motor 13 housed in the machine bed 3 is provided, this motor, through a transmission 14 rotating a vertical drive shaft 15 whose top end extends through the vessel base.
  • a hub 16 is secured and above this a guide cone or spinner 17.
  • This guide cone 17 serves to prevent deposits of material collecting at the centre of the mixing vessel 1, and rapidly returns material entering the central zone of the vessel, to the field of operation of the mixer tool set 2.
  • the mixer vessel 1 has a double wall, the outer wall being designated 18 and the inner wall 19.
  • the double wall includes the sidewall and base portions of the mixer vessel 1.
  • the cavity 20 between the walls conducts a coolant, e.g. water, which is injected near to the centre of the base zone and is discharged from the upper cavity level with the rim of the vessel.
  • the coolant discharge is indicated at 21 and comprises a discharge orifice 22 formed in the external wall 18.
  • the coolant inlet (FIG. 4) consists of an inlet connection 23, in the external base wall 18 of the vessel 1. It goes without saying that this coolant inlet connection 23 is connected in an appropriate manner to the coolant source, the injection of the coolant being carried out and controlled by means of a pump, for example, which has not been shown.
  • the design of the mixing vessel 1 can be seen particularly clearly in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • a central opening 24 to pass the drive shaft 15.
  • This opening 24 is surrounded by an annular element 25 which closes off the cavity 20 between the base-side internal wall 19 and external wall 18' from the opening 24.
  • the base side internal wall 19' of the mixing vessel 1 seats against a ring-mounting 26 arranged concentrically with the ring element 25, which mounting extends through the base cavity 20' and projects downwards beyond the baseside external wall 18'.
  • a radical transfer orifice 26' is provided in the ring mounting 26.
  • the cavity 20 between the ring elements 25 and 26 is subdivided by a guide baffle 27 disposed concentrically vis-a-vis the vessel axis 4.
  • This guide baffle 27, which, like the other guide baffles to be described later, may consist of bar material of round or rectangular (e.g. square) crosssection, and is in sealing contact both with the internal wall and with the external wall of the double-walled vessel, defines a flow duct section 28 in relation to the inner ring element 25, and in relation to the ring mounting 26 defines a flow duct section 29.
  • the two duct sections 28, 29 communicate with one another through a transfer orifice 30.
  • This transfer orifice 30 is disposed diametrally opposite the inlet connection 23 (considering the vessel axis 4.) That zone 20" of the cavity between internal and external walls of vessel 1, which extends concentrically outside the ring mounting 26 in the base zone of the vessel, is in turn subdivided by guide baffles 31,32,33 into duct sections 34, 35, 36 and 37.
  • a racial baffle 38 is provided in the cavity 20" baffle 38 extending from the ring mounting 26 and is connected to one end 31', 32', 33' of each of the guide baffles 31, 32, 33.
  • each duct section 34, 35, 36 and 37 extends through a centrally subtended angle of around 360, each duct section communicating with its particular adjacent, radially outer section, through the associated transfer orifice.
  • the duct sections 34, 35, 36 and 37 are connected in series with one another from the flow point of view so that the coolant, as it passes through the coolant jacket, is forced to follow a labyrinthine path.
  • This flow path of the coolant entering through the transfer orifice 26 in the ring mounting 26, into the duct section 34 has been indicated in FIG. 5, to which express reference is now made, by the curved arrows in such figure.
  • the coolant After flowing through the duct sections 28, 29 in the zone 20 of the cavity and then flowing through the duct sections 34, 35, 36 and 37 in the zone 20" in the cavity, the coolant enters the side wall Zone 20 of the cavity 20 between the external 18 and internal l9 walls of the mixer vessel 1.
  • This cavity 20" is in turn subdivided by horizontal guide baffles arranged coaxially at intervals, one above the other, the baffles being designated 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 and 47 in FIG. 4.
  • These guide baffles define between them duct sections 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 and 53 of which the duct section 53 is closed off at the top by an element 54 which forms the top closure of the cavity
  • the duct sections 48 to 53 are in turn connected in series with one another so that coolant leaving the duct section 33 and entering the duct section 48 through a transfer orifice (not shown) near the radial guide baffle 38, first of all flows through the duct section 48, then the duct section 49, and so on, until it flows out from duct section 53, at 22.
  • the guide baffles 42 to 47 are likewise in each case connected at one end to an axial guide baffle 55 whilst their particular other ends termi nate at a certain distance short of this.
  • the guide baffle 44 is attached by its end 44, the guide baffle 45 by its end 45', and the guide baffle 46 by its end 46, to the axial guide baffle 55 in the cavity 20".
  • the ends 44", 45" and 46" of the guide baffles 44, 45, 46 respectively are arranged at an interval from the radial guide baffle 55 in order to define in relation thereto transfer orifices 56, 57 and 58, respectively.
  • the flow pattern is once again indicated by arrows in the cut-away part of FIG. 4.
  • an overall flow passage constituted by the duct sections 28, 29 34, 35, 36, 37. 48, 49, 50, SI, 52 and 53 is formed; such flow passage extends from the coolant inlet at 23 to the coolant discharge at 22 and causes the coolant to follow a clearly defined, labyrinthine path which uniformly covers the entire vessel wall.
  • the guide baffles can have a mutual disposition such as to ensure that the flow duct between the inlet at 23 and the discharge at 22 has the same flow cross-sectional area throughout, so that the flow velocity of the coolant remains the same throughout the entire coolant passage. Instead of this, however, it is possible, by suitable choice of the flow crosssectional area in individual duct sections, locally temporarily to increase or comparatively reduce the coolant flow velocities.
  • the set 2 ofmixer tools 59, 60, 61 illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 6 to 11, cooperates in a special way to assist the mixer-cooler to achieve a particularly high cooling performance.
  • the mixer tools 59, 60, 61 initially have their front side (considered in the direction of rotation) running tangentially into the circumferential surface of the hub 16.
  • the material being mixed is imparted a direct radial component of movement, corresponding with the direction of the centrifugal force, so that in contrast to the case which would obtain with radial alignment of the mixer tools, where the material would simply be given a circumferential component of movement, the radial motion being due entirely to centrifugal force in that case, the material acquires a particularly strong outwardly accelerated flow.
  • the face section 64 includes the external end zone of the front side of the mixer tools, and makes an angle of about 45 with the base of the tools, which angle is open in the direction of rotation.
  • This external face sec tion is enlarged scoop fashion and has a dimension in the direction of the axis 4 which is 2 to 3 times the corresponding dimension of the face section 62.
  • the relatively small angle of inclination means that the material being mixed is given a particularly strong upward acceleration.
  • the face section 63 is an intermediate face constituting a transition from the inner face section 62 to the outer face section 64. It is substantially triangular in shape with the apex located at the front edge of the mixer tool at the level of the base and at the transition between internal and external face sections. Its inclination corresponds substantially to that of the external face section 64.
  • the face section 64 tapers upwards in width and in that of its zones disposed towards the internal wall of the mixer vessel 1, terminates in a rounded outer edge.
  • the inner working face section extends over about 75 percent of the total tool length, measured at the front edge at the level of the base of the tool.
  • the working face section 63 commences at about the midlength of the mixer tool and, measured at its top terminal edge, extends over about 25 to 30 percent of the total tool length. Measured at the front edge ofthe tool, approximately at the level of the base, the face section 64 occupies about 25 percent of the total length of the tool and reduces, up to its upper terminal edge, to about 20 percent of the total tool length.
  • the radius of the hub 16 has a ratio of about 1:3 to the total length of the tool measured at the latters front side.
  • the cone or spinner 17 has a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the hub 16.
  • the height of the cone is about twice the axial height of the face section 64.
  • a particularly cheap embodiment of the mixer tools is one in which these are formed as a hollow welded fabrication, embodying a tube section 66 as the main mounting.
  • This tube section 66 with that of its areas which, in the direction of rotation, is located in the lee,
  • the top and base sides of the tool as well as the working face sections, are formed by pieces of plate which are welded both to the tube section 66 and to one another.
  • a mixer-cooler comprising a mixing vessel into which a substance to be mixed may be introduced, a mixing tool arranged therein and designed to rotate about a vertical axis, the mixing vessel having internal and external walls defining between them a cavity through which a coolant flows, the mixing tool being configured to propel the substance radially outwardly along the base of the vessel and thereafter up the internal wall of the vessel, a coolant inlet in the base of the vessel and a coolant discharge near the upper rim of the vessel, guide elements in said space to guide the coolant on its passage between the coolant inlet and the coolant discharge in a direction generally corresponding to the direction of propulsion of the substance, the guide elements subdividing the cavity of the double wall into a coolant duct extending in labyrinthine fashion from the coolant inlet to the coolant discharge in at least the radially outer zone of the base-side cavity of the double wall, the flow duct consisting of concentric duct sections formed by guide baffles extending substantially concentrically to the vessel axis
  • a mixer-cooler as claimed in claim 1 in which the flow duct presents a substantially unchanged flow cross-sectional area in the zone between the coolant inlet and the coolant discharge.
  • a mixer-cooler as claimed in claim 4 comprising a central drive shaft having a hub, and a multiple set of mixer tools identical to one another and attached to the central hub, the front side, considered in the direction of rotation, of the mixer tools having a tangential alignment to the circumference of the hub.
  • a mixer-cooler as claimed in claim 6 including an intermediate face section forming a transition between the inner and external face sections, which intermediate section has an inclination substantially corresponding tothat of the outer face section.
  • a mixer-cooler as claimed in claim 8 characterised in that the mixer tools take the form of a welded hollow fabrication made up of a tube section as the main mounting, and pieces of plate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
US286949A 1971-09-17 1972-09-07 Mixer cooler Expired - Lifetime US3871446A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2146611A DE2146611A1 (de) 1971-09-17 1971-09-17 Kuehlmischer

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US3871446A true US3871446A (en) 1975-03-18

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US286949A Expired - Lifetime US3871446A (en) 1971-09-17 1972-09-07 Mixer cooler

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US (1) US3871446A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2146611A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2152597B1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1371831A (enExample)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4159740A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-07-03 Amf Incorporated Direct expansion jacket for horizontal dough mixers
US4205720A (en) * 1979-01-05 1980-06-03 Joseph Epstein Heat transfer conduit
US4206237A (en) * 1977-08-15 1980-06-03 Asahi Breweries Ltd. Method of cooling beer within a fermentation tank
US20110168349A1 (en) * 2004-05-29 2011-07-14 Rule David D Systems, Devices and Methods for Regulating Temperatures of Tanks, Containers and Contents Therein
US10865369B2 (en) 2007-01-23 2020-12-15 Kilr-Chilr, Llc Fermentation methods
US10935321B2 (en) 2015-02-04 2021-03-02 Kilr-Chilr, Llc Energy transfer systems and energy transfer methods
CN116718041A (zh) * 2023-05-18 2023-09-08 奥伦斯(湖北)环保设备有限公司 一种工业热废液排液管道插入式换热器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7516468U (de) 1975-05-23 1975-09-11 Papenmeier G Kg Fluegelblatt an einem mischwerkzeug
US4098494A (en) * 1976-09-02 1978-07-04 National Engineering Company Method and apparatus for making battery paste

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1693249A (en) * 1925-10-09 1928-11-27 Pauly Charles Vat
US1922534A (en) * 1933-02-21 1933-08-15 Ellsworth John Edward Heat exchange device
US1992988A (en) * 1933-10-16 1935-03-05 Frank M Blahnik Milk conditioner
US2214344A (en) * 1935-10-24 1940-09-10 John J Daly Beverage barrel cooler
US2332969A (en) * 1940-06-08 1943-10-26 Bryant Heater Co Heat exchanger
US2545371A (en) * 1946-10-19 1951-03-13 Mojonnier Bros Co Heat exchange receptacle
US2557622A (en) * 1946-05-22 1951-06-19 Dixie Mfg Company Jacketed cooler and cooker
US2602648A (en) * 1949-05-18 1952-07-08 Standard Thomson Corp Heat exchange apparatus
US3099315A (en) * 1959-05-27 1963-07-30 Joseph H Loehr Heat exchanger
US3554274A (en) * 1968-01-03 1971-01-12 Friedrich W Herfeld Heating and cooling mixer for preparing plastic material
US3565168A (en) * 1969-04-01 1971-02-23 Pennwalt Corp Cone dryer

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1693249A (en) * 1925-10-09 1928-11-27 Pauly Charles Vat
US1922534A (en) * 1933-02-21 1933-08-15 Ellsworth John Edward Heat exchange device
US1992988A (en) * 1933-10-16 1935-03-05 Frank M Blahnik Milk conditioner
US2214344A (en) * 1935-10-24 1940-09-10 John J Daly Beverage barrel cooler
US2332969A (en) * 1940-06-08 1943-10-26 Bryant Heater Co Heat exchanger
US2557622A (en) * 1946-05-22 1951-06-19 Dixie Mfg Company Jacketed cooler and cooker
US2545371A (en) * 1946-10-19 1951-03-13 Mojonnier Bros Co Heat exchange receptacle
US2602648A (en) * 1949-05-18 1952-07-08 Standard Thomson Corp Heat exchange apparatus
US3099315A (en) * 1959-05-27 1963-07-30 Joseph H Loehr Heat exchanger
US3554274A (en) * 1968-01-03 1971-01-12 Friedrich W Herfeld Heating and cooling mixer for preparing plastic material
US3565168A (en) * 1969-04-01 1971-02-23 Pennwalt Corp Cone dryer

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4206237A (en) * 1977-08-15 1980-06-03 Asahi Breweries Ltd. Method of cooling beer within a fermentation tank
US4159740A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-07-03 Amf Incorporated Direct expansion jacket for horizontal dough mixers
US4205720A (en) * 1979-01-05 1980-06-03 Joseph Epstein Heat transfer conduit
US20110168349A1 (en) * 2004-05-29 2011-07-14 Rule David D Systems, Devices and Methods for Regulating Temperatures of Tanks, Containers and Contents Therein
US8881795B2 (en) * 2004-05-29 2014-11-11 Kilr-Chilr, Llc Temperature regulating systems
US10865369B2 (en) 2007-01-23 2020-12-15 Kilr-Chilr, Llc Fermentation methods
US10935321B2 (en) 2015-02-04 2021-03-02 Kilr-Chilr, Llc Energy transfer systems and energy transfer methods
CN116718041A (zh) * 2023-05-18 2023-09-08 奥伦斯(湖北)环保设备有限公司 一种工业热废液排液管道插入式换热器

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Publication number Publication date
FR2152597B1 (enExample) 1977-12-30
DE2146611A1 (de) 1973-03-22
FR2152597A1 (enExample) 1973-04-27
GB1371831A (en) 1974-10-30

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