US3871345A - Fuel injection pump with improved return flow conduit - Google Patents

Fuel injection pump with improved return flow conduit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3871345A
US3871345A US386283A US38628373A US3871345A US 3871345 A US3871345 A US 3871345A US 386283 A US386283 A US 386283A US 38628373 A US38628373 A US 38628373A US 3871345 A US3871345 A US 3871345A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
return flow
return
conduit
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US386283A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ernst Hatz
Erhard Oertel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
Motorenfabrik Hatz KG
Original Assignee
Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19722240123 external-priority patent/DE2240123A1/de
Priority claimed from DE2316687A external-priority patent/DE2316687A1/de
Application filed by Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3871345A publication Critical patent/US3871345A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/007—Venting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the superfluous I UNITED T T PATENTS or non-injected fuel thus does not pass back into the l,8l Salisbury R admission conduit
  • the valve construction may be of 2,333,944 11/1943 Lieberherr 123/139 R Various types so long as it permits the Small flow of 5:32; 7 fuel when the valve member is in its seated or rela- 2:83l:433 4/1958 Seifert et al. 417/499 x WI/closed FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLlCATIONS 10 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures 176,120.
  • This invention relates to an injection internal combustion engine with at least one fuel injection pump, wherein the fuel passes by gravity flow from a supply container through an admission conduit to the injection pump.
  • a further disagreeable feature is that in the case of systems which have a gravity flow of the fuel from the supply tank to the pump, i.e., no additional fuel supply pump, detachable and consequently complicated and expensive components (annular joint pieces, hollow screws, or the like) have to be provided in the conduit system to enable the whole system to be vented before the operation commences by opening a number of these components and thereby making the engine ready to start. It is an object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages of these known constructions and provide a fuel conducting system which has improved flow properties, contributes effectively to the cooling of the fuel, offers the possibility of automatic venting, and, not least, permits the use of simple, smooth and thus inexpensive fuel conduits and thereby provides a basis for economic mass production.
  • At least one return flow conduit separate from the admission conduit is provided for superfluous fuel which has not been injected, this leading from the injection pump to the supply container and being equipped with a valve which, when it is in its seated position, allows a small flow of fuel between the return flow conduit and the injection pump.
  • the return flow conduit is connected to the collecting chamber and the opening thereof into the chamber is disposed approximately opposite the return flow duct in the piston bush.
  • said valve e.g., a non-return valve
  • the non-return valve comprises a valve ball which cooperates with a valve seat in the return flow conduit and has a plurality of narrow ducts, at least one of which at any time provides a small conducting connection between the return flow conduit and the collecting chamber when the valve ball is applied against the valve seat.
  • a similar conducting connection can be obtained by the provision of a few grooves or the like of small cross section in the seat of the valve ball.
  • a form of non-return valve which is particularly suitable for mass production is acquired in accordance with a further feature of the invention by making the valve ball operate without the assistance of a restoring spring and allowing it to cooperate with a stop in the return flow conduit limiting the movement of this ball. It is of particular advantage in this instance to make the valve ball of synthetic material.
  • FIG. 1 gives a diagrammatic illustration of the admission system of the injection pump.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show part of the pump in longitudinal section and in plan with part in section.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the non-return valve on a larger scale and in two different embodiments.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a further embodiment.
  • the conduit system of the injection pump is diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the fuel flows from the fuel tank 10, which is mounted at an elevated level, through an admission conduit 12, to the injection pump 14 through a fuel filter 16 of known type.
  • the unused superfluous fuel flows back through a return conduit 18 to the tank 10 in a way which will be described later.
  • the injection pump 14 drives the quantity of fuel to be injected through a pressure conduit 20 to the injection nozzle (not shown) of the internal combustion engine.
  • the injection pump 14 is a known form of so-called insertion pump, in which a body 14a extending downwards therefrom has arranged therein a piston bush 22 with a pump piston 24 movable longitudinally therein.
  • the pump is fastened through the agency of flange 14f (FIG. 3), which has holes Me for fastening screws (not shown), when the lower part 14a of this pump has been inserted into the casing of the internal combustion engine.
  • the piston 24 is lifted from below in a conventional manner by a cam, and a return spring (not shown) moves it back in the opposite direction, that is to say downwards.
  • a threaded section 26 containing a spring-pressed valve 28 through which the fuel is fed into the previouslymentioned pressure conduit 20.
  • the admission conduit 12 is screwed into a threaded opening 14b of pump 14 and communicates with the annular suction chamber 14s of pump 14.
  • the fuel passes from suction chamber 14s through a suction duct 22s of a piston bush into the operating chamber 22a therein.
  • piston 24 moves downwards fuel is drawn from the suction chamber 14s and during a subsequent upward movement a part of the indrawn fuel will flow back from the operating chamber 22a into the suction chamber 14s until the upper edge of piston 24 completely covers the suction duct 22s.
  • the return flow conduit 18 is connected to the suction chamber 14s, with its opening into the latter arranged directly opposite the suction and return flow opening 22s.
  • a nonreturn valve in the form of a ball 30 seated at 18s at the end of the conduit 18 (FIG. 4), is disposed in the opening of the return flow conduit 18.
  • the ball 30 is made of a synthetic material and has a hollow interior which is perforated by a number of ducts 30a, so that even when the ball 30 is applied against its seat there remains a small degree of communication between the suction chamber 14s and the return conduit 18 through at least one of these duets 30a.
  • the travel of the valve ball 30 is limited by a cross pin 32 in conduit 18.
  • valve ball 30 is drawn against the valve seat 18s, the resistance to flow between the return flow conduit 18 and the suction chamber 14s then increasing to the extent that scarcely any extraction takes place from the return flow conduit 18.
  • Practically the whole of the quantity of fuel educted is taken from the suction system 12, 16.
  • the fuel always takes the path indicated by arrows in FIG. 1.
  • the return flowing fuel heated in the pump, travels a comparatively long distance in conduit 18 back to the tank 10 with cool fuel, and by this means is relatively well cooled and finally mixed with the cool quantity in the tank, thereby providing a continual cooling effect for the whole of the fuel in the system.
  • venting of the whole system being automatically effected in the course of the filling of the tank with fuel.
  • valve 30 (or 30' as will be described) which always provides a slight leak has the further advantage that no column of fuel which would prevent the automatic venting procedure can be set up in the return flow conduit 18, as for example might possibly happen with a fully closing valve and in case of inadvertently emptying the tank 10 and the suction conduit 12.
  • a ball 30 (see FIG. 5) which is externally smooth and a valve seat 18s with a number of grooves 18r therein to cater for a slight continuous communication between the return valve conduit 18 and the suction chamber 14s, as in the first example.
  • the elements 10 to 28 of the injection pump and its fuel conduit system have the same construction and function as in the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 5, so they carry the same reference numerals. This makes it unnecessary to describe these elements in detail again.
  • connection nipple for the admission conduit 12 is made in such a way that it serves both for accommodation of the non-return valve, in the form of a ball 30', and for connection of the return flow conduit 18 as is described in more detail below.
  • the admission conduit 12 ends in an annular part 12a, which is pressed against a side surface of the injection pump 14 through the agency of a hollow connecting nipple which is screwed into a threaded bore 14b of the injection pump 14, with the interposition of two sealing rings 102.
  • the fuel passes from conduit 12 through one or more traverse ducts 100a into the inner bore 1001' of the nipple 100 and thence to the suction chamber 14s of the injection pump 14.
  • a valve seat 10% is provided for the ball 30 above the traverse duct 100a in the nipple 100, and a longitudinal groove 1000 in the inner wall of the nipple 100 ensures that a certain small quantity of fuel can flow through the valve seat even when the ball 30' is seated.
  • This abutment element has, at the end face thereof facing the ball 30 and serving as the abutment, a traverse groove 104a which ensures that even when the ball 30' abuts the nipple 104 the fuel can pass from the injection pump 14 into the return flow conduit 18 and back to the tank 10.
  • This embodiment also has the advantage that with the valve 30 which is always permeable to a slight extent at 1006, no column of fuel to prevent the automatic venting process can be set up in the return flow conduit 18, as for example would be possible in the case of a fully closed valve in the event of an unintentional emptying of the tank 10 and the suction conduit 12.
  • the main advantage of the present embodiment resides, however, in the fact that because of the special form of the junction nipple 100 the valve 30' and the return flow conduit 18 can be connected with the connection opening 14b of the injection pump which is also provided for the admission conduit 12, so that the assembly of the parts of the arrangement described, for example performed after construction of the pump, will call for no subsequent machining or special modification.
  • the improvement comprising at least one return flow conduit separate from the admission conduit for superfluous fuel which has not been injected, said return flow conduit leading from the suction chamber of the injection pump to the supply container, and valve means for controlling flow through said return flow conduit to the supply container,'said valve means allowing even in its seated position a small flow of fuel such that at least a small flow of fuel is feasible between the return flow conduit and the suction chamber of the injection pump in each operational stage of the injection pump.
  • injection pump is a piston injection pump, the piston of which is arranged in a piston bush provided with a return flow duct communicating with the suction chamber, the excess fuel not injected passing out through the return flow duct into the suction chamber of the pump, the return flow conduit being connected to the suction chamber, and the opening of the return flow conduit into the chamber being disposed approximately opposite the return flow duct in the piston bush.
  • valve is a non-return valve and is located in the immediate vicinity of the mouth of the return flow conduit.
  • said non-return valve comprises a valve ball which cooperates with a valve seat in the return flow conduit, said valve ball having a plurality of narrow ducts at least one of which at any time provides a small conducting connection between the return flow conduit and the suction chamber when the valve ball is applied against the valve seat.
  • non-return valve comprises a valve ball which cooperates with a valve seat in the return flow conduit, a number of grooves of small cross section being provided in the valve seat to furnish a small conducting connection between the return flow conduit and the suction chamber even when the valve ball is applied against its seat.
  • valve ball has no return spring acting thereon and has a degree of play within the return flow conduit bounded by a limit abutment spaced from the valve seat.
  • valve ball is made of a synthetic material.
  • valve is of the nonreturn type, the valve seat of the non-return valve being provided in a coupling nipple which attaches the admission conduit to the casing of the injection pump, a coupling piece being provided on the coupling nipple for coupling the return flow conduit thereto, said coupling nipple having a portion spaced from the valve seat and acting as a limit stop for the non-return valve when the valve is in its raised condition.
  • said non-return valve includes a valve ball associated with a conical valve seat in said couping nipple, at least one recess in the valve seat providing a conducting connection between the injection pump and the admission conduit, on the one hand, and the return flow conduit, on the other hand, even when the valve ball is seated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US386283A 1972-08-16 1973-08-07 Fuel injection pump with improved return flow conduit Expired - Lifetime US3871345A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722240123 DE2240123A1 (de) 1972-08-16 1972-08-16 Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine
DE2316687A DE2316687A1 (de) 1973-04-04 1973-04-04 Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3871345A true US3871345A (en) 1975-03-18

Family

ID=25763708

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US386283A Expired - Lifetime US3871345A (en) 1972-08-16 1973-08-07 Fuel injection pump with improved return flow conduit

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3871345A (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
JP (1) JPS5144253B2 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
FR (1) FR2196439B1 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
GB (1) GB1425334A (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
IT (1) IT990207B (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946712A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-03-30 Motorengabrik Hatz Kg. Injection internal combustion engine

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811596A (en) * 1929-10-24 1931-06-23 Winton Engine Company Injection valve means for hydrocarbon motors
US2333944A (en) * 1940-08-17 1943-11-09 Sulzer Ag Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US2478500A (en) * 1944-07-24 1949-08-09 Fuel Charger Corp Fuel injector
US2612841A (en) * 1948-09-29 1952-10-07 Louis G Simmons Variable retraction discharge valve for fuel injection pumps
US2831433A (en) * 1950-09-16 1958-04-22 Orange G M B H L Fuel injection control system for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811596A (en) * 1929-10-24 1931-06-23 Winton Engine Company Injection valve means for hydrocarbon motors
US2333944A (en) * 1940-08-17 1943-11-09 Sulzer Ag Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US2478500A (en) * 1944-07-24 1949-08-09 Fuel Charger Corp Fuel injector
US2612841A (en) * 1948-09-29 1952-10-07 Louis G Simmons Variable retraction discharge valve for fuel injection pumps
US2831433A (en) * 1950-09-16 1958-04-22 Orange G M B H L Fuel injection control system for internal combustion engines

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946712A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-03-30 Motorengabrik Hatz Kg. Injection internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5144253B2 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1976-11-27
IT990207B (it) 1975-06-20
JPS49132413A (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1974-12-19
FR2196439A1 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1974-03-15
GB1425334A (en) 1976-02-18
FR2196439B1 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1980-08-08

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