US3868779A - Incineration control - Google Patents

Incineration control Download PDF

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Publication number
US3868779A
US3868779A US396668A US39666873A US3868779A US 3868779 A US3868779 A US 3868779A US 396668 A US396668 A US 396668A US 39666873 A US39666873 A US 39666873A US 3868779 A US3868779 A US 3868779A
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United States
Prior art keywords
incinerator
oven
temperature
combustion
products
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US396668A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Charles R Wilt
Floyd L Schauermann
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Salem Corp
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Salem Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Salem Corp filed Critical Salem Corp
Priority to US396668A priority Critical patent/US3868779A/en
Priority to DE2403844A priority patent/DE2403844C3/de
Priority to FR7404857A priority patent/FR2244135B3/fr
Priority to CA192,680A priority patent/CA992396A/en
Priority to AU65800/74A priority patent/AU483345B2/en
Priority to GB1411874A priority patent/GB1465952A/en
Priority to JP49099052A priority patent/JPS5072249A/ja
Priority to ES430032A priority patent/ES430032A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3868779A publication Critical patent/US3868779A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F26B23/022—Heating arrangements using combustion heating incinerating volatiles in the dryer exhaust gases, the produced hot gases being wholly, partly or not recycled into the drying enclosure

Definitions

  • the specification discloses and describes a method and means for determining concentration of evaporated solvent in gases emitted from a drying oven and delivered to an incinerator, by simple measurement of the temperature of gases constituting products of combustion exhausted from the incinerator.
  • concentration of evaporated solvent in gases emitted from a drying oven and delivered to an incinerator by simple measurement of the temperature of gases constituting products of combustion exhausted from the incinerator.
  • a diluent such as air
  • the oven functions to regulate the admission of a diluent. such as air, to the oven, thereby regulating the concentration of evaporated solvent to a substantially constant and safe value and effecting regulation of a uniform temperature of gas products of combustion at the outlet of the incinerator.
  • the National Fire Protective Association recommends dilution of the solvent vapor to 25% of the lower explosive limit (L.E.L.), that is 25% of the volumetric concentration of solvent at which a gaseous mixture will explode.
  • L.E.L. lower explosive limit
  • solvent dilution in an-oven is achieved by a fan or blower pulling fresh air into the oven. Because of the heat required to heat the fresh air drawn into the oven to oven temperatures, it is preferable to recircu-. late gases discharged from the incinerator back to the oven for dilution purposes partly because these gases are already heated and the fuel requirement with respect to that for heating fresh air is thus reduced, and partly because the recirculated gases contain carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water vapor, in addition to air, and these gases are better diluents for preventing an explosion than is air alone.
  • An oven is designed for a fixed maximum amount of combustible solvent and in order to limit the solvent concentration, within the oven, to approximately 25% of the L.E.L., a fan or blower of correspondingly appropriate capacity is required to insure that the proper amount of diluent is pulled into the oven.
  • a safe rule is to provide 10,000 standard cubic feet of air for each gallon of solvent, or at an air density of 0,075 lb./ft., 750 lbs. of air per gallon of solvent. Assuming a maximum solvent load of 100 gallons/hr., it follows that 75,000 lbs. of air or diluent an hour will be required.
  • solvent weights may be taken as an average of 7.5 lbs/gallon, 100 gallons of solvent will weigh 750 lbs. Since the weight of solvent thus represents only 1% of the total weight of air or diluent per hour, the solvent weight may be neglected without seriously affecting the accuracy of the calculations. Accordingly, under the assumed conditions of maximum solvent load, the appropriate capacity of fan required to maintain a safe percentage concentration of solvent is 75,000 lb./hr. -I 0.075 lb./ft. orl X 10 cu.ft. per hour.
  • the volume of diluent passing through the oven at the maximum fan capacity is more than that required to maintain the 25% L.E.L. If the diluent intake to the oven corresponding to the maximum fan capacity is maintained, therefore, the fuel requirement to heat this maximum diluent intake to the oven will be increased with reduction in solvent concentration.
  • the evaporated solvent concentration in a paint-drying oven may thus decrease substantially over a prolonged period of time, thus involving prolonged and increased fuel requirements for heating the excess volume ofdiluent in the oven.
  • the solvent concentration in the gas mixture exhausted from a drying oven and delivered to an incinerator decreases, it follows that with less heat released in the incinerator, in consequence of the burning ofa reduced weight or volume of solvent, additional fuel is required to be supplied to the incinerator to maintain the appropriate temperature within the incinerator for effective combustion.
  • the evaporated solvent delivered to the incinerator has very high chemical heat content of the order of 100,000 BTU. per gallon. Consequently, the loss of this heat, occasioned by a reduced volume of solvent delivered to the incinerator, must be compensated for by heat furnished by additional fuel supplied directly to the incinerator. The cost of this additional fuel is substantial over a period of time.
  • L.E.L. lower explosive limit
  • FIG. 1 depicts diagrammatically a paint drying conveyor line with radiant type solvent evaporation zone
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified arrangement with regard to recirculation of the product of combustion gases.
  • the apparatus comprising the paint drying conveyor system' includes a housing enclosing a series of spaced solvent evaporation and curing oven zones, designated Zone 1, Zone 2 and Zone 3.
  • Zone 1, Zone 2 and Zone 3 For brevity, additional oven zones are omitted and represented merely by the broken line paralleling Zone 3.
  • Oven Zone 1 has an inlet 10 for a conveyor carrying a painted product to be dried. Also shown, diagrammatically, are an inlet 11 for solvent and an inlet 12 for air. Actually, the air enters the oven through oven inlet 10 with the product and the solvent enters as part of the product coating.
  • an incinerator 13 which is in communication with the oven Zone 1 via ductwork 14 in which is includeda blower or fan 15 for supplying the exhaust gas mixture from the oven solvent evaporation Zone 1 to the incinerator 13.
  • a fuel line 16 Connected to the incinerator 13 is a fuel line 16 having a valve 17 therein which is automatically controlled to regulate the rate of fuel supply to the incinerator to a constant value.
  • an exhaust gas outlet duct 18 which divides into two branches.
  • One branch, designated 19 goes to a radiant baffle 20 which physically surrounds the work in Zone 1 and radiates heat to the work.
  • the second branch of duct 18 is designated 21 and provides passage for incinerator exhaust gases to succeeding oven Zones 2, 3 etc. and via a return duct 22, including a blower fan 23, to the oven Zone 1.
  • Duct 25 returns or recirculates a portion of the gas products of combustion of the incinerator to the oven Zone 1 under the control of a valve 26 which is controlled responsively to the temperature at the incinerator inlet duct 14, by a suitable thermoresponsive device 27, so as to maintain the temperature of gases constant in duct 14.
  • the branch duct29 opening out of duct 19 supplies a portion of the gas products of combustion from the incinerator to the radiant baffle 20 from which the flow continues to a duct 30 leading to a heat recuperator 31.
  • a portion of the heat from recuperator 31 may be recovered from the system via a duct 33 or returned to atmosphere via a duct 32.
  • valve 34 For regulating the volume or weight of gases, supplied to the'radiant baffle 20, a valve 34 is provided having two inversely operable valve elements 35 and 36. Valve 34 is controlled according to the temperature in the radiant baffle 20 by a thermally-responsive de vice 37. Valve element 35 is opened to increase the flow of gas mixture through duct 24 to duct 30, with an increase in temperature in the radiant baffle 20, while valve element 36 closes to correspondingly reduce the proportion of gases supplied to the radiant baffle 20.
  • valve element 35 is operated to reduce flow therepast so as to increase direct flow through duct 29 to the baffle 20, while valve element 36 is opened to accommodate the increased proportion of gas flow therepast from the radiant baffle 20 to the recuperator 31.
  • the temperature of the radiant baffle 20 is thus regulated to a substantially constant'temperature.
  • Zones 1 and 2 and Zones 2 and 3 are shown separated by ducts 38 and 39 respectively although the usual arrangement is for the zones to abut and be separated by internal partitions if regulated. Portions of the total quantity of gas containing products of combustion from the incinerator 13 flowing through duct 21 are diverted through branch ducts 40 and 41 to Zones 2 and 3 respectively, under the influence of the incinerator fan 15.
  • the duct 40 is connected to the inlet of a fan 42 as is a duct 44 leading out of the Zone 2.
  • a return duct 45 connects the outlet of fan 42 back to Zone 2.
  • valve '46 which is controlled by a thermallyresponsive device 47 which monitors the temperature of the gas returned to Zone 2 via the duct 45.
  • valve 46 closes to reduce the flow of gas from duct 40 to the Zone 2.
  • valve 46 opens to increase the flow of gas from duct 40 to Zone 2.
  • blower 43 supplies gas proportionally from a duct 48 connected to Zone 3 and from duct 41 to the Zone 3 via a return duct 49.
  • a valve 50 in the duct 41 is controlled by a thermallyresponsive device 51 which monitors the temperature of gas in re turn duct 49.
  • Zones 2 and 3 The gases recirculated to Zones 2 and 3, as just described, flow from the several zones via branch ducts 52 and 53, respectively. to return duct 22, where they are returned to Zone 1 by fan 23. Although most of the solvent is evaporated in Zone 1, minor amounts will be evaporated in'Zones 2 and 3 and these must be returned to the incinerator via Zone 1.
  • valve 55 in the duct 14 between fan 15 and the incinerator 13, and a thermallyresponsive device 56 which monitors the temperature in duct 18, at the outlet of incinerator 13, for controlling the valve 55.
  • Thermally-responsive device 56 is effective responsively to an increase in the temperature of gases in duct 18 at the outlet of incinerator 13 above a predetermined temperature, to cause valve 55 to be operated toward the open position, thereby increasing the flow of air drawn into Zone 1 via passage 12.
  • thermally-responsive device 56 is effective, responsively to a decrease in temperature of gases in duct 18 at the outlet of incinerator 13 below the predetermined temperature, to cause valve 55 to be operated toward the closed position, thereby reducing the flow of air drawn into Zone 1 via passage 12.
  • valve 55 is opened to increase the flow of air into the Zone via passage 12, thereby resulting in a reduction in the temperature of gases in duct 18 to the predetermined temperature.
  • valve 55 is operated toward the closed position, thereby reducing the flow of air into Zone 1 via passage 12. In consequence, the concentration of solvent in Zone 1 increases, with the result that the temperature in duct 18 at the outlet of the incinerator is restored to the predetermined temperature.
  • FIG. 2 a modified arrangement is shown wherein corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.
  • the arrangement in FIG. 2 differs from FIG. 1 in providing a duct 25', in place of duct 25, which by-passes Zone 1 and is connected to duct 14 adjacent the inlet to fan 15. Also the thermally-responsive device 27 is connected to register ture of the gases immediately adjacent the inlet to the incinerator.
  • this invention provides a novel method and arrangement for determining and controlling evaporated solvent concentration in a paint drying oven or other source as well as for controlling the operation of an incinerator to insure a uniform temperature of the gas products of combustion at the outlet of the incinerator notwithstanding variations in the solvent load or in the degree of evaporated solvent concentration. It will furthermore be seen that this invention provides an incineration control arrangement which enables economical operation with respect to fuel requirements and which also maintains a substantially uniform and efficient operating temperature notwithstanding variations in the chemical heat released incidental to combustion of solvents.
  • a. means providing a constant rate of supply of fuel to the incinerator
  • b. means regulating the temperature of the gases emitted from the oven during the drying process to a constant value
  • 0. means controlling the quantity of air admitted to the oven as a diluent for the solvents in accordance with the variation of the temperature of the gases constituting the products of combustion of the incinerator exhausted therefrom.
  • conduit means is provided for recirculating back to the oven a portion of the products of combustion of the incinerator
  • the temperature regulating means of clause (b) comprises valve means in said conduit means and thermally-responsive means exposed to the gases emitted from the oven which controls the operation of said valve means to so regulate the quantity of products of combustion of the incinerator admitted as a solvent diluent to the oven as to regulate to a substantially constant value the temperature of the gases emitted from the oven.
  • said oven comprises a radiant baffle to which gases comprising products of combustion of the incinerator are supplied, and temperature controlled means responsive to the radiant temperature of the said baffle for so controlling the admission of the gases comprising products of combustion of the incinerator to the baffle as to maintain a substantially constant radiant temperature.
  • said oven comprises a heat recuperating means
  • said temperature controlled means comprises valve means controlling the admission of products of combustion of the incinerator to said heat recuperating means.
  • temperature controlled valve means is provided for controlling the proportions of products of combustion of the incinerator supplied to the respective subsequent zones.
  • valve means regulates the flow of products of combustion to the blower. and wherein temperature controlled means responsive to the temperature of the gas mixture returned to the zone by the blower controls said valve means to regulate the proportion of products of combustion relative to zone gases returned to the zone.
  • b. means regulating the temperature of the gases emitted from the oven during the drying process to a constant value
  • ' 0. means controlling the quantity of air admitted to the oven as a diluent for the combustible materials in accordance with the variation of the temperature of the gases constituting the products of combustion of the incinerator exhausted thereform.
  • conduit means is provided for recirculating back to the oven a portion of the products of combustion of the incinerator
  • the temperature regulating means of clause (b) comprises valve means in said conduit means and thermally'responsive means exposed to the gaseous stream emitted from the oven which controls the operation of said valve means to so regulate the quantity of products of combustion of the incinerator admitted to the oven as a diluent for the combustible materials therein so as to regulate to a substantially constant value the temperature of the gaseous stream emitted from the oven.
  • said oven comprises a radiant baffle to which gases comprising products of combustion of the incinerator are supplied, and temperature controlled means responsive to the radiant temperature of the said baffle for so controlling the admission of the gases comprising products of combustion of the incinerator to the baffle as to maintain a substantially constant radiant temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US396668A 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Incineration control Expired - Lifetime US3868779A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US396668A US3868779A (en) 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Incineration control
DE2403844A DE2403844C3 (de) 1973-09-13 1974-01-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Verbrennungsofens zum Verbrennen brennbarer Lösungsmitteldämpfe
FR7404857A FR2244135B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-13 1974-02-13
CA192,680A CA992396A (en) 1973-09-13 1974-02-15 Incineration control
AU65800/74A AU483345B2 (en) 1973-09-13 1974-02-20 Incineration control
GB1411874A GB1465952A (en) 1973-09-13 1974-06-21 Incineration control
JP49099052A JPS5072249A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-13 1974-08-30
ES430032A ES430032A1 (es) 1973-09-13 1974-09-13 Procedimiento y aparato para el funcionamiento de incinera-dores.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US396668A US3868779A (en) 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Incineration control

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US46764764A Division 1964-05-07 1964-05-07
US46764774A Division 1974-05-07 1974-05-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3868779A true US3868779A (en) 1975-03-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US396668A Expired - Lifetime US3868779A (en) 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Incineration control

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3868779A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5072249A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA992396A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2403844C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES430032A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2244135B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1465952A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038032A (en) * 1975-12-15 1977-07-26 Uop Inc. Method and means for controlling the incineration of waste
US4198764A (en) * 1975-06-09 1980-04-22 Kenneth Ellison Radiant heating apparatus for curing coated strip material
US4203229A (en) * 1977-10-03 1980-05-20 Champion International Corporation Dryer system and method of controlling the same
US4206553A (en) * 1975-06-09 1980-06-10 Kenneth Ellison Method of curing strip coating
USRE31046E (en) * 1975-12-29 1982-10-05 Lurgi Corporation Incineration method and system
US5189811A (en) * 1992-03-18 1993-03-02 Merck & Co., Inc. Method and assemblage for controlling and managing lower explosion levels
WO2002088452A1 (en) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-07 Milliken & Company Patterning system using a limited number of process colors
US20100273121A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-28 Gleason James M Oven exhaust fan system and method
CN103162309A (zh) * 2013-03-05 2013-06-19 福建南方路面机械有限公司 一种智能燃烧系统及其控制方法
CN103868082A (zh) * 2014-04-08 2014-06-18 江苏大信环境科技有限公司 一种新型硫化氢焚烧炉
US20170130959A1 (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-11 Stackmatch Flare Ignition, Inc. Flare Pilot with Water Accumulation Evacuation

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4460331A (en) * 1983-05-12 1984-07-17 Haden Schweitzer Corporation Fume incineration for paint drying oven
JPH0729382Y2 (ja) * 1990-07-09 1995-07-05 清一 渡辺 直接燃焼式排ガス脱臭装置に於ける燃焼室内の防爆装置
CN1322332C (zh) * 2003-10-10 2007-06-20 武汉大学 高压输电线多路高精度gps单端故障定位方法及装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2795054A (en) * 1954-10-07 1957-06-11 Oxy Catalyst Inc Method and apparatus for heat recovery from drying oven effluents
US3314159A (en) * 1964-05-18 1967-04-18 Universal Oil Prod Co Fume treating system for a drying oven
US3472498A (en) * 1967-12-08 1969-10-14 Gas Processors Inc Air pollutant incineration
US3601900A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-08-31 Fmc Corp Method and apparatus for drying metal scrap
US3706445A (en) * 1971-09-30 1972-12-19 Granco Equipment Fume incinerator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2795054A (en) * 1954-10-07 1957-06-11 Oxy Catalyst Inc Method and apparatus for heat recovery from drying oven effluents
US3314159A (en) * 1964-05-18 1967-04-18 Universal Oil Prod Co Fume treating system for a drying oven
US3472498A (en) * 1967-12-08 1969-10-14 Gas Processors Inc Air pollutant incineration
US3601900A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-08-31 Fmc Corp Method and apparatus for drying metal scrap
US3706445A (en) * 1971-09-30 1972-12-19 Granco Equipment Fume incinerator

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4198764A (en) * 1975-06-09 1980-04-22 Kenneth Ellison Radiant heating apparatus for curing coated strip material
US4206553A (en) * 1975-06-09 1980-06-10 Kenneth Ellison Method of curing strip coating
US4038032A (en) * 1975-12-15 1977-07-26 Uop Inc. Method and means for controlling the incineration of waste
USRE31046E (en) * 1975-12-29 1982-10-05 Lurgi Corporation Incineration method and system
US4203229A (en) * 1977-10-03 1980-05-20 Champion International Corporation Dryer system and method of controlling the same
US5189811A (en) * 1992-03-18 1993-03-02 Merck & Co., Inc. Method and assemblage for controlling and managing lower explosion levels
US6907634B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2005-06-21 Milliken & Company Patterning system using a limited number of process colors
US20020162176A1 (en) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-07 Seiin Kobayashi Patterning system using a limited number of process colors
WO2002088452A1 (en) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-07 Milliken & Company Patterning system using a limited number of process colors
US20100273121A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-28 Gleason James M Oven exhaust fan system and method
CN103162309A (zh) * 2013-03-05 2013-06-19 福建南方路面机械有限公司 一种智能燃烧系统及其控制方法
CN103162309B (zh) * 2013-03-05 2015-12-02 福建南方路面机械有限公司 一种智能燃烧系统的控制方法
CN103868082A (zh) * 2014-04-08 2014-06-18 江苏大信环境科技有限公司 一种新型硫化氢焚烧炉
CN103868082B (zh) * 2014-04-08 2016-08-24 江苏大信环境科技有限公司 一种硫化氢焚烧炉
US20170130959A1 (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-11 Stackmatch Flare Ignition, Inc. Flare Pilot with Water Accumulation Evacuation
US10125986B2 (en) * 2015-11-09 2018-11-13 Stackmatch Flare Ignition, Inc. Flare pilot with water accumulation evacuation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1465952A (en) 1977-03-02
FR2244135A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-04-11
CA992396A (en) 1976-07-06
DE2403844C3 (de) 1978-05-18
DE2403844B2 (de) 1977-09-15
ES430032A1 (es) 1976-10-01
JPS5072249A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-14
FR2244135B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-11-26
AU6580074A (en) 1975-08-21
DE2403844A1 (de) 1975-04-03

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