US3867220A - Decoration of ceramic ware - Google Patents

Decoration of ceramic ware Download PDF

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Publication number
US3867220A
US3867220A US256229A US25622972A US3867220A US 3867220 A US3867220 A US 3867220A US 256229 A US256229 A US 256229A US 25622972 A US25622972 A US 25622972A US 3867220 A US3867220 A US 3867220A
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ware
media
transfer
decoration
print
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US256229A
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William Gratty
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William Boulton Ltd
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William Boulton Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
    • C04B41/4511—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application using temporarily supports, e.g. decalcomania transfers or mould surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/001—Applying decorations on shaped articles, e.g. by painting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method for decorating ware comprising applying a transfer or print to a portion of the surface of the ware to be decorated, immersing the ware in a mass of particulate treatment media, and vibrating the ware and media whereby the latter act on the print in a manner effective to transfer the desired design or decoration to the surface of the ware.
  • the invention provides a method for decorating ware comprising applying a transfer or print to a portion of the surface of the ware to be decorated, immersing the ware in a mass of particulate treatment media, and vibrating the ware and media whereby the latter act on the print in a manner effective to transfer the desired design or decoration to the surface of the ware.
  • the vibratory movement is a compound vibratory movement incorporating both vertical and horizontal components.
  • Such movement may be effected in a treatment chamber adapted to be vibrated in a generally horizontal plane but resiliently mounted to introduce an up and down movement.
  • the treatment chamber is of annular shape in plan such that when the charge of ware and media is subjected to a compound vibratory movement of the kind described the charge is constrained to circulate around the treatment chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation through one form of vibratory apparatus in which the process of the invention may be carried out; and I FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred form of media.
  • the apparatus illustrated comprises a treatment chamber or bowl 5 of annular shape in plan and having a bottom 6 of arcuate cross-section and upstanding parallel side walls.
  • the internal surfaces of the bowl are lined with a resilient material such as rubber in order to prevent damage to the ware.
  • the bowl is resiliently mounted on a base unit 10 by an annular series of coil springs 11.
  • a cylindrical housing 12 depends from the central region of the bowl and houses a motor 13.
  • the motor shaft is vertical, projects from the motor casing at both ends and is fitted with eccentric weights l4 and 15. These are preferably relatively angularly adjustable to enable variation of the movement imparted to the bowl by the motor. When the motor is rotated a vibratory movement is imparted to the bowl and an up and down component is superimposed on this movement due to the resilient mounting of the bowl on the base structure.
  • the bowl is filled with discreet particulate media, for example, of the type shown in FIG. 2,. and ware to be decorated is immersed in the media.
  • the ware Prior to this the ware has applied to those surface portions to be decorated, prints or ceramic transfers of known kind which adhere to the surface of the ware and require to be subjected to a rubbing action to transfer the design onto the surface of the ware.
  • the motor Following insertion of the pieces of ware into the media the motor is started and the mass of media and ware is subjected to a compound vibratory movement containing both vertical and horizontal components. The nature of this movement is such that the media are caused to impinge on the surfaces of the ware and effect the necessary rubbing action required to transfer the colouring matter on to the ware.
  • the treatment time required to effect satisfactory transfer may be found by experiment and will vary in accordance with a number of factors including the characteristics of the design and the size and shape of the ware.
  • the nature of the vibratory movement may be altered by effecting relative angular adjustment of the eccentric weights.
  • media of the shape shown in FIG. 2 and composed of zircon While it is believed that various types of media may be employed in carrying out the process, particularly satisfactory results have been achieved using media of the shape shown in FIG. 2 and composed of zircon. It will be seen by reference to FIG. 2 that the media have part-spherical ends 20 interconnected by a generally cylindrical centre portion 21. It is thought that these may produce two different actions on the ware, the ends serving to effect a hammering action and the central portions a rubbing action. It is desirable in order to produce a sufficient force on the surface of the workpieces that the media should be relatively dense and media formed from zircon meet this requirement, though other dense materials could be utilised.
  • the ware is removed and the carrier paper is then detached by wetting, leaving the design on the surface of the ware.
  • the ware may be removed from the machine by hand after stopping the machine or removal of the ware and separation of the ware from the media may be effected automatically using any of a number of techniques known for this purpose. During processing the ware may move round the bowl only once or more than once as necessary.
  • Tests indicate that the process of the present invention effects transfer of decoration to ware more uniformly and with less flaws than conventional techniques involving hand rubbing. Moreover considerably less labour is involved utilising techniques according to the invention and it is envisaged that a greater throughput of products with a higher quality of decoration can be achieved compared with conventional techniques.
  • a further advantage arising from the invention is that the media are able to penetrate to areas relatively inaccessible to manual operators, such as around cup handles and in the interior of cups, though the invention is of course applicable to much simpler shapes and to a large variety of types and sizes of ceramic products.
  • the method of the invention could also be used to apply decoration and a backstamp simultaneously.
  • a further advantage resides in the fact that no mechanical or other types of adjustments are necessary for different shapes or sizes of ware. The size of the ware which can be processed is limited only by the size and capacity of the machine and various different sizes of machine can be made available. 7
  • a method for decorating ware comprising applying a transfer or print to a portion of the surface of the ware to be decorated, immersing the ware in a mass of particulate treatment media, and vibrating the ware and media whereby the latter act on the print in a manner effective to transfer the desired design or decoration to the surface of the ware.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A method for decorating ware comprising applying a transfer or print to a portion of the surface of the ware to be decorated, immersing the ware in a mass of particulate treatment media, and vibrating the ware and media whereby the latter act on the print in a manner effective to transfer the desired design or decoration to the surface of the ware.

Description

United States Patent 1191 Gratty [4 Feb. 18, 1975 DECORATION OF CERAMIC WARE [75] Inventor: William Gratty, Stoke-on-Trent,
England [73] Assignee: William Boulton Limited,
Stoke-on-Trent, England [22] Filed: May 24, 1972 [2]] Appl. No.: 256,229
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data May 25, 1971 Great Britain 16816/71 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 596,942 H1898 McGowan ll7/DIG. 8
3,7l8,5l7 2/1973 Berg 156/234 Primary ExaminerEdward G. Whitby Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Breitenfeld & Levine; Alan H. Levine [57] ABSTRACT A method for decorating ware comprising applying a transfer or print to a portion of the surface of the ware to be decorated, immersing the ware in a mass of particulate treatment media, and vibrating the ware and media whereby the latter act on the print in a manner effective to transfer the desired design or decoration to the surface of the ware.
9 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures 1 DECORATION OF CERAMIC WARE The invention relates to the decoration of ceramic ware by means of ceramic transfers (decalcomanias).
In order to transfer the decorative matter or other design from a ceramic transfer sheet on to the surface of the ware a rubbing action is necessary and this is generally effected manually. This operation requires to be carried out very carefully and is extremely timeconsuming. After the pattern has been transferred to the ware by rubbing, the carrier paper is removed by wetting.
It is an object of the present invention to provide means whereby this form of decoration of ware may be carried out in a semi-automatic manner.
The invention provides a method for decorating ware comprising applying a transfer or print to a portion of the surface of the ware to be decorated, immersing the ware in a mass of particulate treatment media, and vibrating the ware and media whereby the latter act on the print in a manner effective to transfer the desired design or decoration to the surface of the ware.
Preferably the vibratory movement is a compound vibratory movement incorporating both vertical and horizontal components. Such movement may be effected in a treatment chamber adapted to be vibrated in a generally horizontal plane but resiliently mounted to introduce an up and down movement. Advantageously the treatment chamber is of annular shape in plan such that when the charge of ware and media is subjected to a compound vibratory movement of the kind described the charge is constrained to circulate around the treatment chamber.
Various types of media may be utilised in carrying out the invention but particularly advantageous results have been achieved utilising media having partspherical end portions connected by a cylindrical centre portion. It is desirable that the media should be relatively dense and particularly good results have been secured using zircon media.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which: 7
FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation through one form of vibratory apparatus in which the process of the invention may be carried out; and I FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred form of media.
Referring to FIG. 1 the apparatus illustrated comprises a treatment chamber or bowl 5 of annular shape in plan and having a bottom 6 of arcuate cross-section and upstanding parallel side walls. The internal surfaces of the bowl are lined with a resilient material such as rubber in order to prevent damage to the ware. The bowl is resiliently mounted on a base unit 10 by an annular series of coil springs 11. A cylindrical housing 12 depends from the central region of the bowl and houses a motor 13. The motor shaft is vertical, projects from the motor casing at both ends and is fitted with eccentric weights l4 and 15. These are preferably relatively angularly adjustable to enable variation of the movement imparted to the bowl by the motor. When the motor is rotated a vibratory movement is imparted to the bowl and an up and down component is superimposed on this movement due to the resilient mounting of the bowl on the base structure.
In carrying out the process according to the invention the bowl is filled with discreet particulate media, for example, of the type shown in FIG. 2,. and ware to be decorated is immersed in the media. Prior to this the ware has applied to those surface portions to be decorated, prints or ceramic transfers of known kind which adhere to the surface of the ware and require to be subjected to a rubbing action to transfer the design onto the surface of the ware. Following insertion of the pieces of ware into the media the motor is started and the mass of media and ware is subjected to a compound vibratory movement containing both vertical and horizontal components. The nature of this movement is such that the media are caused to impinge on the surfaces of the ware and effect the necessary rubbing action required to transfer the colouring matter on to the ware. The treatment time required to effect satisfactory transfer may be found by experiment and will vary in accordance with a number of factors including the characteristics of the design and the size and shape of the ware. The nature of the vibratory movement may be altered by effecting relative angular adjustment of the eccentric weights.
While it is believed that various types of media may be employed in carrying out the process, particularly satisfactory results have been achieved using media of the shape shown in FIG. 2 and composed of zircon. It will be seen by reference to FIG. 2 that the media have part-spherical ends 20 interconnected by a generally cylindrical centre portion 21. It is thought that these may produce two different actions on the ware, the ends serving to effect a hammering action and the central portions a rubbing action. It is desirable in order to produce a sufficient force on the surface of the workpieces that the media should be relatively dense and media formed from zircon meet this requirement, though other dense materials could be utilised. Following vibration of the charge for a sufficient period of time, the ware is removed and the carrier paper is then detached by wetting, leaving the design on the surface of the ware. The ware may be removed from the machine by hand after stopping the machine or removal of the ware and separation of the ware from the media may be effected automatically using any of a number of techniques known for this purpose. During processing the ware may move round the bowl only once or more than once as necessary.
It will be appreciated that in most instances there will be regions of the ware not covered by carrier paper and these regions will be subjected to a rubbing or polishing action by the media. This will produce particles of ceramic dust and hence the machine is desirably equipped with a dust extraction system effective to remove the dust by suction applied from above the bowl.
Tests indicate that the process of the present invention effects transfer of decoration to ware more uniformly and with less flaws than conventional techniques involving hand rubbing. Moreover considerably less labour is involved utilising techniques according to the invention and it is envisaged that a greater throughput of products with a higher quality of decoration can be achieved compared with conventional techniques. A further advantage arising from the invention is that the media are able to penetrate to areas relatively inaccessible to manual operators, such as around cup handles and in the interior of cups, though the invention is of course applicable to much simpler shapes and to a large variety of types and sizes of ceramic products. The method of the invention could also be used to apply decoration and a backstamp simultaneously. A further advantage resides in the fact that no mechanical or other types of adjustments are necessary for different shapes or sizes of ware. The size of the ware which can be processed is limited only by the size and capacity of the machine and various different sizes of machine can be made available. 7
Various modifications may be made without departing from the invention. For example, while reference has been made to a compound vibratory movement it is envisaged that other types of vibratory movement could be utilised. Various shapes and sizes of media may also be used and the process could be carried out in equipment of a type different from that described.
1 claim:
1. A method for decorating ware comprising applying a transfer or print to a portion of the surface of the ware to be decorated, immersing the ware in a mass of particulate treatment media, and vibrating the ware and media whereby the latter act on the print in a manner effective to transfer the desired design or decoration to the surface of the ware.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the ware and media are subjected to a compound vibratory movement incorporating both vertical and horizontal components.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the ware and media are processed in a treatment chamber which is vibrated in a generally horizontal plane and resiliently mounted to introduce an up and down movement.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the ware and media are constrained to follow an annular path during vibration.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said media have part-spherical end portions connected by a cylindrical centre portion.
6. A method according to claim 5 wherein said media are made from a relatively dense material.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein said material is zircon.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein dust particles are continuously removed from the mass of ware and media by means of suction.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein a backstamp is simultaneously applied to the ware.

Claims (9)

1. A METHOD FOR DECORATING WARE COMPRISING APPLYING A TRANSFER OR PRINT TO A PORTION OF THE SURFACE OF THE WARE TO BE DECORATED, IMMERSING THE WARE IN A MASS OF PARTICULATE TREATMENT MEDIA, AND VIBRATING THE WARE AND MEDIA WHEREBY THE LATTER ACT ON THE PRINT IN A MANNER EFFECTIVE TO TRANSFER THE DESIRED DESIGN OR DECORATION TO THE SURFACE OF THE WARE.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the ware and media are subjected to a compound vibratory movement incorporating both vertical and horizontal components.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the ware and media are processed in a treatment chamber which is vibrated in a generally horizontal plane and resiliently mounted to introduce an up and down movement.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the ware and media are constrained to follow an annular path during vibration.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said media have part-spherical end portions connected by a cylindrical centre portion.
6. A method according to claim 5 wherein said media are made from a relatively dense material.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein said material is zircon.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein dust particles are continuously removed from the mass of ware and media by means of suction.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein a backstamp is simultaneously applied to the ware.
US256229A 1971-05-25 1972-05-24 Decoration of ceramic ware Expired - Lifetime US3867220A (en)

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BE (1) BE783922A (en)
DE (1) DE2225056A1 (en)
ES (1) ES403134A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2138953B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1358444A (en)
IT (1) IT960640B (en)
NL (1) NL7206951A (en)
SE (1) SE408626B (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US596942A (en) * 1898-01-04 James p
US3718517A (en) * 1970-02-19 1973-02-27 T Berg Method and apparatus for decorating articles

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US596942A (en) * 1898-01-04 James p
US3718517A (en) * 1970-02-19 1973-02-27 T Berg Method and apparatus for decorating articles

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DE2225056A1 (en) 1972-12-07
ES403134A1 (en) 1976-01-01
IT960640B (en) 1973-11-30
NL7206951A (en) 1972-11-28
GB1358444A (en) 1974-07-03
AT322434B (en) 1975-05-26
FR2138953A1 (en) 1973-01-05
BE783922A (en) 1972-11-27
FR2138953B1 (en) 1973-07-13
SE408626B (en) 1979-06-25

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