US3865120A - Process for producing tobacco foils - Google Patents
Process for producing tobacco foils Download PDFInfo
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- US3865120A US3865120A US195585A US19558571A US3865120A US 3865120 A US3865120 A US 3865120A US 195585 A US195585 A US 195585A US 19558571 A US19558571 A US 19558571A US 3865120 A US3865120 A US 3865120A
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- tobacco
- particles
- cellulose
- foil
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediol Chemical compound OCO CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 METHYLPROPYL Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 11
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- REQCZEXYDRLIBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N procainamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCNC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 REQCZEXYDRLIBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007966 viscous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
- A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
Definitions
- FIGQZ T IN VEN TORS EMEFR /F 0525M AM 60% 1 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TOBACCO FOILS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a process for producing tobacco foils using tobacco, binders in the form of cellulose derivatives and solvents. The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the process.
- tobacco foils which are to be used as a covering or wrapping foil in place of a natural tobacco leaf by processing to a pulp, tobacco dust with cellulose derivatives e.g. acetyl cellulose soluble in organic solvents in the presence of a solvent such as acetone, ether and alcohol which is brought to the desired foil form.
- cellulose derivatives e.g. acetyl cellulose soluble in organic solvents in the presence of a solvent such as acetone, ether and alcohol which is brought to the desired foil form.
- water-soluble cellulose derivatives including methyl cellulose is also known.
- the solvent which can be water or an organic solvent, after producing the tobacco foil must be expelled again using a large amount of energy in the form of heat so that the tobacco foil dries.
- Another disadvantage of the tobacco foils produced from a viscous suspension is that the starting material used is tobacco dust requiring a long grinding process requiring a high energy consumption and complicated machinery.
- a process for producing tobacco foils is now produced which substantially or completely eliminates the disadvantages of the known tobacco foil production processes leading to products which are very similar to the natural tobacco leaf, contain only a very small amount of binder and require only a small amount of solvent in their production.
- tobacco particles in the size range to mm are dusted with a solvent-soluble, finely ground cellulose derivative and then moistened with an organic solvent, whereafter the tobacco particles obtained are converted into a granulate which is pressed mechanically into a foil.
- the tobacco particles processed can be the natural tobacco debris of the tobacco industry which can comprise tobacco leaf and vein particles.
- the organic anhydrous solvents are e.g., readily volatile alcohols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers, esters and mixtures thereof.
- the preferred readily volatile alcohols are methanol, ethanol or isopropanol;
- the preferred chlorinated hydrocarbons are methylene chloride and chloroform;
- the preferred ketones are acetone and methylethyl ketone;
- the preferred esters are acetic ester, methyl and ethyl acetate;
- the preferred ethers are diethyl ether and dimethyl ether.
- the tobacco starting material can be preclassified.
- a tobacco and vein starting material is preferably used with. a particle size of 50 to mu; for a. wrapping foil, a material with a parti cle size of 0.1 to 1 mm; but for a filler foil, a starting material with a particle size of about 1 to 10 mm diameter.
- the tobacco substantially retains its own color and structure.
- a covering or wrapping foil can be produced having the desired appearance of the covering or wrapper for the finished article for smoking. 7
- the solvent-soluble cellulose derivative e.g. methyl cellulose, methylpropyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose used as the binder is, according to the invention, very finely ground (particle size 0-0.2mm) and powdered onto the tobacco particles serving as the starting material and, namely, in the dry state.
- the powdering of the tobacco particles gives the otherwise brown tobacco particles a grey-brown appearance which means that the cellulose derivative particles are distributed more loosely on the tobacco particles and do not completely cover the surface of the foil of tobacco particles.
- This cellulose derivative is powdered onto the tobacco particles in a mixer wherein, together with the mixing action, a kneading effect is achieved and onto which are introduced the tobacco particles and the necessary amount of ground cellulose derivative.
- the solvent is added to the mixer. It is also, however, possible to transfer the powdered tobacco particles to another mixer to which is added the sol vent.
- the tobacco material treated in the mixer forms, after adding the solvent, a granulate which is subsequently supplied to an apparatus which presses the granules into a foiHike form. It has been found that this mechanical pressing process is advantageously performed with a roller mill with two contra-rotating rollers with polished surfaces or hardened steel.
- the granules of solvent-moistened tobacco particles powdered with cellulose derivative are supplied to the roller inlet, whereby advantageously a uniform distribution of the granules is brought about which are pressed into a foil by means of counter-rotating rollers.
- the tobacco starting material is e.g., a relatively coarse starting material with a high vein content and a particle size of 1 to 10 mm
- a foil is also produced which does not have a completely closed structure but, instead, is porous or it may even be in the form of a structure comprising individual tobacco foil sheets interconnected via individual strands.
- this material can not be used as a foil but it can be employed as an enclosure for a product for smoking.
- a closed product is required from such a material, then the product obtained after the first pressing on two-roller mill can be supplied to a further roller mill with three rollers and subjected to a further pressing.
- the thrid roller serves to remove the closed foil formed and convey the foil to an apparatus for removing the solvent.
- a covering foil is based on a tobacco and vein dust of particle size 50 to 100 m, i.e. a relatively fine-particle starting material
- the tobacco particle granulate dusted with cellulose derivative and moistened witha solvent can be supplied directly to the three-roller mill which then transfers it to the foil drying apparatus because after only a single passage through a roller mill a good foil is obtained.
- coarser tobacco starting material if the desired use of such a material permits.
- the threeroller mill can be directly used, whereafter the finished foil is supplied to the further processing apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is an apparatus for performing the process.
- FIG. 2 is a tobacco particle after dusting with ground dry cellulose derivative.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a powdered tobacco particle after producing the granulate with the added solvent.
- I is a mixer wherein the tobacco particles are mixed with the finely ground cellulose derivative.
- the finely ground cellulose derivative is preferably a fraction having particles in the range to 0.2mm and whereof, preferably at least 50% are below 0.1 mm.
- the particle size of the cellulose derivative is also de termined by the tobacco particle size.
- the solvent is added, followed by a further mixing process.
- the solvent addition can take place in the same mixer as that in which the tobacco particles have been mixed with the cellulose derivative. It is also, however, possible to place the product of the mixture, tobacco particles and cellulose derivative in a second mixture and only then add the solvent.
- the subsequent mixing process is continued until a maximum uniform saturation of the powdered tobacco particles takes place.
- the tobacco particles can be mixed with the finely ground cellulose derivative and solvent in any suitable mixer e.g. in an Eirich mixer wherein counterflow movement takes place between a mixing trough and mixing blades or in a suitable drum mixer which, in addition to mixing simultaneously exerts a kneading action.
- FIG. 2 shows schematically a tobacco particle T whereon the dusting operation is demonstrated. It can be seen how the cellulose derivative particles, represented as specks, are only loosely deposited on the tobacco particles T.
- FIG. 3 shows the action of moistening the dusted tobacco particles with the solvent.
- the solvent must not make the tobacco particle mass wet and convert it into a pulp, as in the conventional processes, but instead, the cellulose derivative particles located on the tobacco particles are only made to swell.
- the solvent is, indeed, absorbed by the tobacco particles, however, at the contact point between the cellulose derivative particle Z and the tobacco particle. The solvent passes over into the former and converts the latter into ajellylike state.
- the cellulose derivative e.g. together with the tobacco particles can be placed in the mixer at 2 in the measured and necessary quantities, whereafter following the requisite mixing time of about minutes, solvents and softeners are intorduced into the mixer via pipe 3.
- the end product of this two-stage mixing process is then, depending on which tobacco particle starting material is used and/or on which end product is to be produced, supplied to a roller mill 4 with two rollers, or to a roller mill 5 with three rollers, or to roller mill 4 followed by roller mill 5.
- the mixing product is first supplied to roller mill 4 and then to roller mill 5.
- the suction installation 8 and recovery apparatus can be considerably simplified and only a limited vacuum is required in the suction installation. without additional heat, to remove the solvent from the tobacco foil.
- a longitudinal and transverse cutting device 9 for producing sheets or foil conveying and cutting device 10 for producing :reels.
- roller mills 4 and 5 to which end the roller mills are placed in housings ll.
- The-process of the invention not only provides an improved product more closely resembling the natural tobacco leaf but also has numerous other advantages. Firstly, it is no longer necessary, as in the known processes, to pulverise the tobacco starting material into tobacco dust in a dry grinding process.
- a further advantage is that the inventive process permits the production of a foil from a granulate whereof the solid content can be increased up to three times, compared with the conventional process. This results in considerable economies on solvents, so that energy is saved when drying the tobacco foil and recovering the solvent.
- the drying temperature can, in practice, be room temperature and the drying apparatus and suction installation can be much smaller and simplier.
- a further important advantage is that the binder content i.e. the cellulose derivative content can be reduced by up to SOpercent leading to a better flavor on smoking of the foil according to the invention, greatly impaired in the known foils by the high cellulose content.
- the color and aroma are not lost.
- the filler foil produced by the process of the invention has a particularly good bulk and filling capacity.
- a process for the production of tobacco foils from tobacco, binders and solvents which comprises the steps of:
- step (a) is a predetermined size fraction provided by classifying a natural tobacco debris into predetermined fractions, each fraction determinative of the utilization of the tobacco foil provided by step (c).
- a process according to claim 1 characterized in that a softener is added to the moistening step (b).
- glycol is selected from the group consisting of methylene glycol, diethylene glycol and l,3-butylene glycol.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
Tobacco foils are produced by dusting tobacco particles with a cellulose derivative; moistening the dusted particles with an organic solvent and pressing the moistened particles into tobacco foil. This processing sequence eliminates the need for forming tobacco-cellulosesolvent pulps as previously practiced by the art. Apparatus for performing this process is also described.
Description
o 1 I 11 1 mm 19 [11] 3,865,120
Detert et a1. 1 1 Feb. 111, 1975 [54] PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TOBACCO 3.012.562 12/1961 Merritt 131/17 AC FUELS 3.053.259 9/1962 Parmele et 111.. 131/140 c 3.062.688 11/1962 Detert et 131/17 AC Inventors: Ernst-K911991911, Lubbecke, 3.125.098 3/1964 Osborne 131/17 AC Westphaiia; WilliBuchholz, 3.322.130 5/1967 Panzer et a1 131/17 Lubbecke, of Germany FORElGN PATENTS OR APPLlCATlONS 1 Assigneel Edward Garlach 21,087 4/1961 Germany 131/17 AC Westphalia, Germany 1,215,567 4/1966 Germany 131/17 A Filed. Nov 4 1971 1,137,988 10/1962 Germany 131/17 AC [21] App]. No.: 195,585 Primary ExaminerMe1vin D. Rein Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Molinare, Allegretti, Newitt [30] Foreign Application Priority Data & Wltcoff Nov. 12, 1970 Germany 2055672 [57] ABSTRACT 52 us. ca 131/140 (3, 131/17 AC Tobacco foils are Produced by dusting tobacco p 511 1111. C1 A24b 03/14 C165 with a Cellulose derivative; moistening the dusted 5s Fieid of Search 131/140 c, 136. 17, 15, Particles with an Organic Solvent and Pressing the 131/140444 moistened particles into tobacco foil. This processing sequence eliminates the need for forming tobacco- [56] References Cited ce11u1oses01vent pulps as previously practiced by the UNITED STATES PATENTS art. Apparatus for performing this process is also desc ibed. 2,769,734 11/1956 Bande] 131/15 r 3,009,836 11/1961 Samfield et a1. 131/17 AC 7 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures 'PATENTEDFEBWQYS $865,120
FlG.1
FIGQZ T IN VEN TORS EMEFR /F 0525M AM 60% 1 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TOBACCO FOILS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a process for producing tobacco foils using tobacco, binders in the form of cellulose derivatives and solvents. The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the process.
It is known to produce tobacco foils by processing a very finely ground tobacco dust with a solution ofa cellulose derivative to form a pulp which is shaped into a strip with machines, whereby the binder is a mixture of acetyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose and highly methylated but still water-soluble methyl cellulose. Methylene chloride and methanol are used as solvents.
It is also known to produce tobacco foils which are to be used as a covering or wrapping foil in place of a natural tobacco leaf by processing to a pulp, tobacco dust with cellulose derivatives e.g. acetyl cellulose soluble in organic solvents in the presence of a solvent such as acetone, ether and alcohol which is brought to the desired foil form. The use of water-soluble cellulose derivatives, including methyl cellulose is also known.
These two known processes have a have a large number of disadvantages, particularly the high solvent content which represents a multiple of the solid content. The solvent, which can be water or an organic solvent, after producing the tobacco foil must be expelled again using a large amount of energy in the form of heat so that the tobacco foil dries.
When using a readily volatile organic solvent, high costs also result from the desirable and necessary recovery of the solvent.
Another disadvantage of the tobacco foils produced from a viscous suspension is that the starting material used is tobacco dust requiring a long grinding process requiring a high energy consumption and complicated machinery.
In addition, disadvantages are inherent in the known finished products e.g., when using water as the solvent for the cellulose derivative, the limited saliva resistance of the tobacco foil and the impairing of color and flavor occur, e.g., due to the high cellulose content.
It is also known to produce a strip-like tobacco product by pasting a very fine carrier fabric of cellulose material with finely ground tobacco.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the invention, a process for producing tobacco foils is now produced which substantially or completely eliminates the disadvantages of the known tobacco foil production processes leading to products which are very similar to the natural tobacco leaf, contain only a very small amount of binder and require only a small amount of solvent in their production.
This is achieved in that tobacco particles in the size range to mm are dusted with a solvent-soluble, finely ground cellulose derivative and then moistened with an organic solvent, whereafter the tobacco particles obtained are converted into a granulate which is pressed mechanically into a foil. The tobacco particles processed can be the natural tobacco debris of the tobacco industry which can comprise tobacco leaf and vein particles.
The organic anhydrous solvents are e.g., readily volatile alcohols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers, esters and mixtures thereof. The preferred readily volatile alcohols are methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; the preferred chlorinated hydrocarbons are methylene chloride and chloroform; the preferred ketones are acetone and methylethyl ketone; the preferred esters are acetic ester, methyl and ethyl acetate; and, the preferred ethers are diethyl ether and dimethyl ether.
As a function of the type of foil to be produced i.e. whether it is to be used as a covering or wrapping foil or as a filler, the tobacco starting material can be preclassified. For a covering foil, a tobacco and vein starting material is preferably used with. a particle size of 50 to mu; for a. wrapping foil, a material with a parti cle size of 0.1 to 1 mm; but for a filler foil, a starting material with a particle size of about 1 to 10 mm diameter.
According to the process of the invention, even after processing to a foil, the tobacco substantially retains its own color and structure. By selection of the starting tobacco a covering or wrapping foil can be produced having the desired appearance of the covering or wrapper for the finished article for smoking. 7
The solvent-soluble cellulose derivative e.g. methyl cellulose, methylpropyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose used as the binder is, according to the invention, very finely ground (particle size 0-0.2mm) and powdered onto the tobacco particles serving as the starting material and, namely, in the dry state. The powdering of the tobacco particles gives the otherwise brown tobacco particles a grey-brown appearance which means that the cellulose derivative particles are distributed more loosely on the tobacco particles and do not completely cover the surface of the foil of tobacco particles. This cellulose derivative is powdered onto the tobacco particles in a mixer wherein, together with the mixing action, a kneading effect is achieved and onto which are introduced the tobacco particles and the necessary amount of ground cellulose derivative. Following this mechanically performed powdering process, the solvent is added to the mixer. It is also, however, possible to transfer the powdered tobacco particles to another mixer to which is added the sol vent.
According to the invention only such a quantity of solvent, is added as to moisten the tobacco particles and ensure the superficial swelling of the cellulose derivative particles located on the tobacco particles.
The tobacco material treated in the mixer forms, after adding the solvent, a granulate which is subsequently supplied to an apparatus which presses the granules into a foiHike form. It has been found that this mechanical pressing process is advantageously performed with a roller mill with two contra-rotating rollers with polished surfaces or hardened steel.
The granules of solvent-moistened tobacco particles powdered with cellulose derivative are supplied to the roller inlet, whereby advantageously a uniform distribution of the granules is brought about which are pressed into a foil by means of counter-rotating rollers.
It has been surprisingly found that the tobacco particles when moistened with solvent become brittle making the pressing process particularly advantageous be cause the tobacco granules consequently, shatter instead of smearing.
If the tobacco starting material is e.g., a relatively coarse starting material with a high vein content and a particle size of 1 to 10 mm, after the first pressing in the two-roller mill a foil is also produced which does not have a completely closed structure but, instead, is porous or it may even be in the form of a structure comprising individual tobacco foil sheets interconnected via individual strands. Naturally, this material can not be used as a foil but it can be employed as an enclosure for a product for smoking. If, however. a closed product is required from such a material, then the product obtained after the first pressing on two-roller mill can be supplied to a further roller mill with three rollers and subjected to a further pressing. The thrid roller serves to remove the closed foil formed and convey the foil to an apparatus for removing the solvent.
If the production of a covering foil is based on a tobacco and vein dust of particle size 50 to 100 m, i.e. a relatively fine-particle starting material, then the tobacco particle granulate dusted with cellulose derivative and moistened witha solvent can be supplied directly to the three-roller mill which then transfers it to the foil drying apparatus because after only a single passage through a roller mill a good foil is obtained. The same obviously applies for coarser tobacco starting material if the desired use of such a material permits. ln producing a wrapping foil for which tobacco particles of diameter 0.1 to 1mm are used, then the threeroller mill can be directly used, whereafter the finished foil is supplied to the further processing apparatus.
According to the invention, it is also possible either by selecting the tobacco particles or by the mechanical processing process to obtain a particular product suitable fora particular purpose.
EXAMPLES Thus, to produce a covering foil e.g. the following ingredients would be used:
132.0 kg. of tobacco and vein dust with a particle size of to m hol, together with the glycols acting as softeners are introduced into the mixer where the dusting was performed or into another mixer into which the powdered tobacco dust has been placed and mixed until a maximum uniform saturation of the tobacco material with the solvents and softeners has taken place.
Similarly, for producing a wrapping or a wrapping foil, the following would be used:
132.0 kg. of tobacco and vein debris with a particle size of 0.1 to 1 mm. 22.0 kg. of methyl cellulose 11.0 kg. of diethylene glycol 160.0 kg. of methylene glycol 40.0 kg. of methyl alcohol For a filler foil, the following ingredients are suitable: 132.0 kg. of tobacco and vein debris with a particle size of diameter 1 to 10 mm 16.0 kg. of methyl cellulose 8.0 kg. of 1,3-butylene glycol 125.0 kg. of methylene chloride 31.0 kg. of methyl alcohol The example of the production of an insert foil, clearly shows that the tobacco and vein debris obtained in the tobacco-processing industry can be processed into a usable tobacco material and, unlike in the known tobacco foil production process, this material does not have to pulverised in a further time-consuming and costly grinding process. As these tobacco particles can be directly processed according to the inventive process in the natural size obtained then the resulting foil has a tobacco leaf-like structure. The glycol, namely, diethylene glycol and 1,3-butylene glycol indicated in the composition examples serves as a softener as a result of which the foil becomes flexible and, due to water or moisture absorption, remains flexible.
The following table gives further compositions for 15.0 kg. of methyl cellulose 40 pr ducing tobacco products.
7.0 kg. 6.0 kg. 5.0 kg.
DESCRlPTlON OF THE DRAWINGS The further processing of the foils produced according to the process takes place in known manner. An example of an apparatus for performing the process for producing the above-described tobacco foils is shown in the attached drawing wherein: 7
FIG. 1 is an apparatus for performing the process.
FIG. 2 is a tobacco particle after dusting with ground dry cellulose derivative.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a powdered tobacco particle after producing the granulate with the added solvent.
In FIG. 1, I is a mixer wherein the tobacco particles are mixed with the finely ground cellulose derivative. The finely ground cellulose derivative is preferably a fraction having particles in the range to 0.2mm and whereof, preferably at least 50% are below 0.1 mm. The particle size of the cellulose derivative is also de termined by the tobacco particle size.
When the mixing process has progressed until maximum homogeneity has been achieved and the tobacco particles have been dusted with the finely ground cellulose derivative, the solvent is added, followed by a further mixing process. The solvent addition can take place in the same mixer as that in which the tobacco particles have been mixed with the cellulose derivative. It is also, however, possible to place the product of the mixture, tobacco particles and cellulose derivative in a second mixture and only then add the solvent. The subsequent mixing process is continued until a maximum uniform saturation of the powdered tobacco particles takes place. The tobacco particles can be mixed with the finely ground cellulose derivative and solvent in any suitable mixer e.g. in an Eirich mixer wherein counterflow movement takes place between a mixing trough and mixing blades or in a suitable drum mixer which, in addition to mixing simultaneously exerts a kneading action.
FIG. 2 shows schematically a tobacco particle T whereon the dusting operation is demonstrated. It can be seen how the cellulose derivative particles, represented as specks, are only loosely deposited on the tobacco particles T.
FIG. 3 shows the action of moistening the dusted tobacco particles with the solvent. The solvent must not make the tobacco particle mass wet and convert it into a pulp, as in the conventional processes, but instead, the cellulose derivative particles located on the tobacco particles are only made to swell. The solvent is, indeed, absorbed by the tobacco particles, however, at the contact point between the cellulose derivative particle Z and the tobacco particle. The solvent passes over into the former and converts the latter into ajellylike state.
The cellulose derivative e.g. together with the tobacco particles can be placed in the mixer at 2 in the measured and necessary quantities, whereafter following the requisite mixing time of about minutes, solvents and softeners are intorduced into the mixer via pipe 3. The end product of this two-stage mixing process is then, depending on which tobacco particle starting material is used and/or on which end product is to be produced, supplied to a roller mill 4 with two rollers, or to a roller mill 5 with three rollers, or to roller mill 4 followed by roller mill 5. In the production of filler foils (sheets) to which end coarse tobacco, so-called tobacco debris, is used, the mixing product is first supplied to roller mill 4 and then to roller mill 5. In the procan be recovered to be reused for producing tobacco foils. As the solvent portion in the process, according to the invention, represents only one-eighth to onetenth, compared with the known processes, based on tobacco dust and a paste i.e. a viscous pulp, for producing a foil the suction installation 8 and recovery apparatus can be considerably simplified and only a limited vacuum is required in the suction installation. without additional heat, to remove the solvent from the tobacco foil. To the suction installation 8 at the end of conveyor belt 7 is connected a longitudinal and transverse cutting device 9 for producing sheets or foil conveying and cutting device 10 for producing :reels. To the suction installation 8 are also connected roller mills 4 and 5 to which end the roller mills are placed in housings ll.
The-process of the invention not only provides an improved product more closely resembling the natural tobacco leaf but also has numerous other advantages. Firstly, it is no longer necessary, as in the known processes, to pulverise the tobacco starting material into tobacco dust in a dry grinding process.
This time-consuming and costly process is completely eliminated because the tobacco particles can be processed exactly in the form in which they are yielded by the tobacco-processing factories. It is merely necessary to perform a classifying process e.g., with graders or screens, if it is desired to separate a particular tobacco particle fraction for producing a covering or wrapping foil. Veins are merely broken and brought to a particle size of diameter 1 to ID mm. If the natural tobacco debris obtained does not contain adequate quantities of small particles as required to produce wrapping and covering foils the tobacco debris and veins can be pulverised in a grinding process to a particle size of max. 1 mm, but this is much simpler than the grinding process in the known methods.
A further advantage is that the inventive process permits the production of a foil from a granulate whereof the solid content can be increased up to three times, compared with the conventional process. This results in considerable economies on solvents, so that energy is saved when drying the tobacco foil and recovering the solvent. Thus the drying temperature can, in practice, be room temperature and the drying apparatus and suction installation can be much smaller and simplier.
A further important advantage is that the binder content i.e. the cellulose derivative content can be reduced by up to SOpercent leading to a better flavor on smoking of the foil according to the invention, greatly impaired in the known foils by the high cellulose content. By the careful water-free treatment of the tobacco in performing the process of the invention the color and aroma are not lost.
The filler foil produced by the process of the invention has a particularly good bulk and filling capacity.
We claim as our invention:
1. A process for the production of tobacco foils from tobacco, binders and solvents which comprises the steps of:
a. mixing tobacco particles in a size range of 0 to l0 mm with a solvent soluble, finely ground, cellulose derivative, in particle form selected from the group consisting of methyl cellulose, methylpropyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose, and having a particle size of 0 to 0.2 mm to provide tobacco particles having cellulose particles loosely deposited therein but not completely covering the surface of the tobacco particles;
b moistening the so mixed tobacco particles containing said loosely deposited cellulose particles with an organic solvent in an amount to insure superficial swelling of said cellulose and conversion of said cellulose into a jelly-like state to provide a moist, solvent containing brittle tobacco granulate without wetting the tobacco mass and forming a pulp;
c. pressing the brittle solvent containing granulate into a tobacco foil; and
d. removing, by devolatilization, said organic solvent from said foil.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the tobacco particles are natural debris from tobacco leaf and vein material.
3. A process according to claim 1 characterized in that the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of readily volatile alcohols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers, esters and mixtures thereof.
4. A process according to claim 1 wherein said tobacco particles utilized in step (a) is a predetermined size fraction provided by classifying a natural tobacco debris into predetermined fractions, each fraction determinative of the utilization of the tobacco foil provided by step (c).
5. A process according to claim 1 characterized in that a softener is added to the moistening step (b).
6. A process according to claim 5 characterized in that the softener is a glycol.
7. A process according to claim 6 characterized in that the glycol is selected from the group consisting of methylene glycol, diethylene glycol and l,3-butylene glycol.
Claims (7)
1. A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TOBACCO FOILS FROM TOBACCO, BINDERS AND SOLVENTS WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF: A. MIXING TOBACCO PARTICLES IN A SIZE RANGE OF 0 TO 10 MM WITH A SOLVENT SOLUBLE, FINELY GROUND, CELLULOSE DERIVATIVE, IN PARTICLE FROM SILECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF METHYL CELLULOSE, METHYLPROPYL CELLULOSE, ACETYL CELLULOSE AND ETHYL CELLULOSE, AND HAVING A PARTICLE SIZE OF 0 TO 0.2 MM TO PROVIDE TOBACCO PARTICLES HAVING CELLULOSE PARTICLES LOOSELY DEPOSITED THEREIN BUT NOT COMPLETELY COVERING THE SURFACE OF THE TABOCCO PARTICLES; B. MOISTENING THE SO MIXED TOBACCO PARTICLES CONTAINING SALD LOOSELY DEPOSITED COLLULOSE PARTICLES WITH AN ORGANIC SOLVENT IN AN AMOUNT TO INSURE SUPERIFICIAL SWELLING OF SAID CELLULOSE AND CONVERSION OF SAID CELLULOSE INTO A JELLY-LIKE
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the tobacco particles are natural debris from tobacco leaf and vein material.
3. A process according to claim 1 characterized in that the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of readily volatile alcohols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers, esters and mixtures thereof.
4. A process according to claim 1 wherein said tobacco particles utilized in step (a) is a predetermined size fraction provided by classifying a natural tobacco debris into predetermined fractions, each fraction determinative of the utilization of the tobacco foil provided by step (c).
5. A process according to claim 1 characterized in that a softener is added to the moistening step (b).
6. A process according to claim 5 characterized in that the softener is a glycol.
7. A process according to claim 6 characterized in that the glycol is selected from the group consisting of methylene glycol, diethylene glycol and 1,3-butylene glycol.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2055672A DE2055672C3 (en) | 1970-11-12 | 1970-11-12 | Process for the production of a tobacco foil |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3865120A true US3865120A (en) | 1975-02-11 |
Family
ID=5787903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US195585A Expired - Lifetime US3865120A (en) | 1970-11-12 | 1971-11-04 | Process for producing tobacco foils |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3865120A (en) |
BE (1) | BE775220A (en) |
CA (1) | CA950786A (en) |
CH (1) | CH530174A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2055672C3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2114398A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1356476A (en) |
NL (1) | NL153073B (en) |
SE (1) | SE366637B (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3983884A (en) * | 1974-05-04 | 1976-10-05 | Eduard Gerlach Gmbh | Method for manufacturing tobacco foil |
US4625737A (en) * | 1982-12-30 | 1986-12-02 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Foamed, extruded, tobacco-containing smoking article and method of making the same |
US4632131A (en) * | 1984-07-03 | 1986-12-30 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Foamed, extruded, coherent multistrand smoking articles |
US4646764A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-03-03 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing roll reconstituted tobacco material |
EP0233046A2 (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1987-08-19 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for reclaiming tobacco |
US4724850A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1988-02-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing tobacco extender material |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4341228A (en) * | 1981-01-07 | 1982-07-27 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method for employing tobacco dust in a paper-making type preparation of reconstituted tobacco and the smoking material produced thereby |
AU550267B2 (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1986-03-13 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Reconstituted tobacco sheet |
DE3808103A1 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-21 | Gerlach Eduard Chem Fab | Method for the production of a tobacco film |
DE3819534C1 (en) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-07 | B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De | |
DE4005656C2 (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1994-05-26 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Method and device for producing a tobacco film |
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US2769734A (en) * | 1955-07-14 | 1956-11-06 | Int Cigar Mach Co | Tobacco sheet material and method of forming |
US3009836A (en) * | 1959-11-05 | 1961-11-21 | Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co | Novel reconstituted tobacco compositions |
US3012562A (en) * | 1957-06-12 | 1961-12-12 | American Mach & Foundry | Manufacture of tobacco sheet |
US3053259A (en) * | 1958-04-22 | 1962-09-11 | Lorillard Co P | Processing tobacco |
US3062688A (en) * | 1960-08-18 | 1962-11-06 | Detert Ernst-Rolf | Tobacco foils and methods of making the same |
US3125098A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | osborne | ||
US3322130A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | 1967-05-30 | American Mach & Foundry | Tobacco composition |
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BE545180A (en) * | ||||
BE563147A (en) * | ||||
DE464202C (en) * | 1926-12-21 | 1928-08-10 | Alfred Schaarschmidt Dr | Process for the production of tobacco sources and tobacco masses |
US2656841A (en) * | 1946-09-10 | 1953-10-27 | American Mach & Foundry | Process for making tobacco sheet material |
FR1026418A (en) * | 1949-10-28 | 1953-04-28 | American Mach & Foundry | Leaf tobacco material and its manufacturing process |
DE1033119B (en) * | 1957-02-01 | 1958-06-26 | Gerlach Gmbh E | Process for the production of tobacco foils, in particular a tobacco-containing binder |
DE1044695B (en) * | 1957-11-16 | 1958-11-20 | Gerlach Gmbh E | Process for the production of tobacco foils |
NL134994C (en) * | 1960-08-18 | |||
DE1215567B (en) * | 1963-12-06 | 1966-04-28 | Heinr Borgwaldt Fa | Process for the production of film-like or sheet-like structures (flakes) from shredded tobacco, tobacco mixtures or other parts of plants |
DE1256133B (en) * | 1964-12-29 | 1967-12-07 | Gerlach Gmbh E | Process for the production of a saliva-proof tobacco film |
-
1970
- 1970-11-12 DE DE2055672A patent/DE2055672C3/en not_active Expired
-
1971
- 1971-10-13 CH CH1495771A patent/CH530174A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-10-27 FR FR7138628A patent/FR2114398A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-11-04 US US195585A patent/US3865120A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-11-08 CA CA127,058,A patent/CA950786A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-11-11 SE SE14419/71A patent/SE366637B/xx unknown
- 1971-11-12 GB GB5275371A patent/GB1356476A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-11-12 NL NL717115545A patent/NL153073B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-11-12 BE BE775220A patent/BE775220A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (7)
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US3125098A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | osborne | ||
US2769734A (en) * | 1955-07-14 | 1956-11-06 | Int Cigar Mach Co | Tobacco sheet material and method of forming |
US3012562A (en) * | 1957-06-12 | 1961-12-12 | American Mach & Foundry | Manufacture of tobacco sheet |
US3053259A (en) * | 1958-04-22 | 1962-09-11 | Lorillard Co P | Processing tobacco |
US3009836A (en) * | 1959-11-05 | 1961-11-21 | Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co | Novel reconstituted tobacco compositions |
US3062688A (en) * | 1960-08-18 | 1962-11-06 | Detert Ernst-Rolf | Tobacco foils and methods of making the same |
US3322130A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | 1967-05-30 | American Mach & Foundry | Tobacco composition |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3983884A (en) * | 1974-05-04 | 1976-10-05 | Eduard Gerlach Gmbh | Method for manufacturing tobacco foil |
US4625737A (en) * | 1982-12-30 | 1986-12-02 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Foamed, extruded, tobacco-containing smoking article and method of making the same |
US4632131A (en) * | 1984-07-03 | 1986-12-30 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Foamed, extruded, coherent multistrand smoking articles |
US4646764A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-03-03 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing roll reconstituted tobacco material |
EP0227422A2 (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-07-01 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for reclaiming tobacco |
EP0227422A3 (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1989-01-11 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for reclaiming tobacco |
EP0233046A2 (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1987-08-19 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for reclaiming tobacco |
US4787402A (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1988-11-29 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process and apparatus for providing roll reconstituted tobacco material |
EP0233046A3 (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1989-01-25 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for reclaiming tobacco |
US4724850A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1988-02-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing tobacco extender material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE366637B (en) | 1974-05-06 |
CH530174A (en) | 1972-11-15 |
CA950786A (en) | 1974-07-09 |
DE2055672C3 (en) | 1983-06-01 |
BE775220A (en) | 1972-03-01 |
DE2055672B2 (en) | 1976-05-13 |
NL7115545A (en) | 1972-05-16 |
DE2055672A1 (en) | 1972-05-18 |
NL153073B (en) | 1977-05-16 |
FR2114398A5 (en) | 1972-06-30 |
GB1356476A (en) | 1974-06-12 |
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