US3861590A - Space heater particularly for vehicles - Google Patents

Space heater particularly for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3861590A
US3861590A US356382A US35638273A US3861590A US 3861590 A US3861590 A US 3861590A US 356382 A US356382 A US 356382A US 35638273 A US35638273 A US 35638273A US 3861590 A US3861590 A US 3861590A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
gas
heat exchanger
space
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US356382A
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English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Kofink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
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Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of US3861590A publication Critical patent/US3861590A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2203—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from burners
    • B60H1/2212—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from burners arrangements of burners for heating air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/03—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/032—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant from the cooling liquid of the propulsion plant and from a burner

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Aspace heater particularly 'for vehicles which have a water cooled internal combustion engine comprises a housing having a space heating air inlet and a discharge spaced from the inlet with a gas/air-heat ex changer and a liquid/air-heat exchanger located in said housing between the inlet and outlet. Space heating air is circulated through the housing by a fan to direct it preferably through the 'gas/air-h'eat exchanger and then through the liquid/air-heat exchanger before it is used for space heating.
  • the device includes a separate burner which supplies combustion gases to the gas air heater particularly when the engine is not hot enough to supply high temperature liquid to the liquid air heater.
  • the burner includes a combustion chamber for generating combustion gases and means for admitting fresh air to the gases in order to cool them before they are directed to the gas/air-heat exchanger.
  • a suction fan is connected to the outlet of the gas- /air-heat exchanger to withdraw the combustion gases after they are circulated therethrough.
  • This invention relates in general to the construction of space heaters and, in particular, toa new and useful heater particularly for vehicles which have a water cooled internal combustion engine and which includes a separate burner for supplying combustion gases for heating the air and which has means for cooling combustion gases before they enter the gas/air-heat exchanger and further means for pumping the combustion gases out of the heater continuously.
  • the present invention provides an improved heating system designed as a stand heater by means of which the heat generated in a device which is independent of the operation of the engine is fed to the air passages of the gas passages of the water heater of a vehicle so that with this heating system it is possible to use parts which already exist in the vehicle and in addition, it is possible to use the heater as a stand heater, i.e., with the engine standing still, and also for the purposes of preheating the engine.
  • the invention provides a space air heating system which includes an independent burner which operates separately from the engine and which discharges into a gas/air-heat exchanger which may be arranged directly alongside the liquid/air-heat exchanger which is heated by the cooling water of the internal combustion engine.
  • the burner includes means for admixing secondary air to the gaseous products of combustion which are generated in order to reduce their temperatures to a reasonable range for circulating through the gas/air-heat exchanger.
  • a suction fan is connected to the outlet of the gas/air-heat exchanger to ensure that the gases are always continuously circulated therethrough and do not leak in through the space heating air.
  • the heating portion which is referred to as a stand heater can be installed in the heater which operates only at the times of operation of the main engine.
  • the invention provides a construction in which the stand heater having a gas/air-heat exchanger and an independently operable burner. for generating heating gases, is arranged with a vehicle space heater having a liquid air heat exchanger which is operated by the liquid of the engine cooling system.
  • the hot gases which are generated in the burner of the stand heater are conducted through the heat exchanger which is arranged either before or behind the water/air-heat exchanger.
  • the heating gases which are generated and which issue from the burner are brought to a temperature of about 300 to 400C and therefore, secondary air is added to the gases, for example in a ratio of about 1.3 to 1.4 through a supply air feeding device between the burner and the gas/air-heat exchanger.
  • a supply air feeding device is an injector with the combustion gases passing centrally through the injector conduit into the gas air heater and the additional air or fresh air supplied annularly around the central stream of combustion gases.
  • the combustion gases are then reduced in temperature from about 1,500C at the time they leave the combustion chamber, to the temperature range suitable for circulation through the gas air heater to operate in the temperature range 300 to 400C. Therefore, no excessively high temperature will appear in the combustion air stream which passes the gas/air-heater and moves in heat exchange contact with the liquid/airheat exchanger.
  • the burner is advantageously designed with a central combustion chamber which is surrounded by walls defining an annular flow space for additional air.
  • the construction defines a combustion chamber with an opening centrally between the annular air flow in the form of a flame nozzle and by adding a supply of secondary air in the annular stream there is no resonance phenomena so that it is possible to conduct the heating gases through a relatively thin and long connection pipe to the gas/air heat exchanger.
  • the control of the burner and the supply of fuel are effected in a known manner as in the known heaters. For delivering the fresh air to the heater, there is an arrangement in which the fresh air fan which already exists in the water-series heaters is employed.
  • gas/air-heat exchanger is arranged ahead of the water/ainheat exchanger, there is an additional possibility of preheating the water in the engine cooling system in order to facilitate the warmup of the engine.
  • Heat may be supplied to heating air which in turn transfers it to the liquid of the heat exchanger corresponding to from 20-30 percent of the heating power.
  • An additional electric waterpump is provided for the circulation of hot water through the internal combustion engine.
  • a space heater particularly for vehicles having a water cooled internal combustion engine which comprises a housing having a space heating air inlet and a discharge spaced from the inlet and with a gas airlheatexchanger and a water/air-heat exchanger located within the housing between the inlet and outlet, and wherein there is a separate burner for generating combustion gases which are mixed with additional air to lower their temperatures then to direct them into a gaslair-heat exchanger arranged alongside the water/airheat exchanger; and wherein the gases are withdrawn from the gas/air-heat exchanger by a suction pump connected thereto.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a space heater which is simple in design, rugged in construction and economical to manufacture.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a space heater constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the burner used with the space heater shown in FIG. 1.
  • the invention embodied therein comprises a space heater generally designated 50 which includes a housing 1 having an inlet opening 7 at one end for space heating air and at least one or more discharges 10, at the opposite end.
  • the heater 50 is of a type which includes a liquid- /air-heat exchanger 3 which receives heating liquid from the cooling system of an internal combustion engine 2.
  • the heating of the heater 50 is supplemented by a separate gas heating device generally designated 52 which includes a gas/airheat exchanger 6 which is arranged within the housing 1 preferably upstream and alongside of the liquid/air heat exchanger 3.
  • the housing 1 also carries a fan motor 9 which drives a fan 8 to circulate the space heating air through the inlet 7 through the gas/air-heat exchanger 6, the liquid/air-heat exchanger 3 and then out through one or more openings 10, 10' for space heating purposes.
  • the cooling cycle comprises the heating air fan 8 which circulates the heating air over the liquid heat exchanger 3 and this heat exchanger is supplied with water from the cooling system of the engine 2 through inlet connection line 11 under the force of an electrically driven waterpump 12 through a valve 13 and a conduit 14 into the liquid/airheat exchanger 3 and then is returned through a return line 15 to the engine 2.
  • the liquid which is circulated gives off its heat to the space heating air which passes through the housing 1. Since this known type of cooling cycle can only be used for heating the vehicle when the engine is running so that the cooling water system is maintained at a predetermined temperature for example, 80C, it is necessary that there be some additional heat source when the engine 2 is not running. According to the invention this additional heat is supplied through the heating unit 52 which includes the heat exchanger 6 which is detachably arranged preferably between the fan 8 and the liquid/air-heat exchanger 3.
  • the gas/air-heat exchanger 6 includes an inlet which is connected to the discharge of the burner 4.
  • the burner 4 includes an annular wall 19 having an inlet 20 at one end for additional or secondary air and a discharge 18 at the opposite end which is connected at 17 to the inlet of the gas/air-heat exchanger 6.
  • the burner 4 also includes an inner housing 54 which encloses a combustion chamber 21.
  • the combustion chamber 21 is provided with a lateral connection 24 defining a prechamber into which fuel is admitted through a conduit 25.
  • Combustion air is directed inwardly through a combustion air supply fitting 23 and is directed by a fan 22 into the combustion chamber along with the fuel from the conduit 25 when it is ignited by a spark plug 56 to generate combustion gases.
  • combustion gases are at a temperature of from 1,200 to 1,600C in the combustion chamber 21 so that they are mixed with additional or secondary air which is fed through the inlet 20 at the location of a narrow throat section or nozzle 16 in which the annular air flow combines with the central combustion gas flow flowing into the discharge portion 18.
  • the secondary air is added to an extent such that the temperature of the combustion gases combined with the air is such that it will be in a range of about 300 to 400C at the gaslair-heat exchanger 6.
  • the housing 19 of the burner 4 supports the inner wall housing 54 on straps 27.
  • a cylindrical part 28 protrudes into the combustion chamber 21 centrally within the guide vanes 22 for guiding the combustion air which is delivered through the combustion air inlet fitting 23 into the combustion chamber 21.
  • the spacing of the inner chamber housing 54 from the outer housing 19 is such that there is an annular flow passage 26 for the passage of the secondary air which comes in through the inlet 20.
  • the additional air intermixes intimately with the combustion gases due to the injectortype nozzle formation at the location 16 so that the temperatures of the combustion gases are reduced to the desired value.
  • the burner Because of the construction of the housing 54 within the housing 19, and due to the circulation of the outside additional air or secondary air around the combustion chamber 21, the burner operates without any resonance phenomena appearing in the pipe connections 18 to the gas/air-heat exchanger 6. Thus, the burner can be operated even without additional sound absorbing means.
  • the gas/air-heat exchanger 6 of the invention is preferably designed as a tubular heat exchanger.
  • the pipes are preferably flattened so that they have a substantially elliptical cross section and a particularly good heat transfer is assured.
  • the combustion gases are continuously circulated through the inlet 20 and into the gas/air-heat exchanger 6 and then out through the outlet of the heat exchanger (not shown) through a suction line 58 which connects to the suction of a suction gas pump 5.
  • the suction gas pump 5 discharges the combustion gases after they have given up their heat in the heat exchanger 50 through a conduit 60.
  • the operation of the suction pump 5 ensures that the gases will be continuously withdrawn from the gas/air-heat exchanger and that there will be no leakage of gases into the space heating air which is circulated therethrough in the space heater 50.
  • a space heater particularly for vehicles having a water cooled internal combustion engine comprising a tubular housing having a space heating air inlet at one end and a space heating air discharge at an opposite end spaced from said space heating air inlet, a gas/airheat exchanger disposed across said tubular housing and having a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and an air/liquid-heat exchanger disposed across said tubular housing and located in said housing between said air inlet and air outlet, fan means for directing space heating air through said air inlet through said gas/air-heat exchanger and said air/liquid-heat exchanger and out through said air outlet, means for connecting the airlliquid-heat exchanger to the engine water cooling system for supplying cooling water to said air/liquid-heat exchanger, 21 separate burner outside of said tubular housing having a combustion chamber with means for adding fuel and air thereto and for igniting the mixture for generating combustion gases therein, conduit means connecting said combustion chamber to said gas inlet of said gas-air inlet exchanger for flow therethrough
  • a space heater according to claim 1, wherein said burner and said gas air heater and said gas suction pump comprise a separate unit which is detachably associated with said housing.
  • a space heater according to claim 1, wherein said burner includes a housing having inner and outer walls with the inner walls defining a combustion chamber and with the space between said inner and outer walls defining an annular air flow space for additional air, said combustion chamber terminating in a combustion gas central discharge within the annular flow space for the additional air and being shaped to form an injector at such location for inducing the flow and intermixing of said combustion gases and said additional air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
US356382A 1972-05-20 1973-05-02 Space heater particularly for vehicles Expired - Lifetime US3861590A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2224711A DE2224711A1 (de) 1972-05-20 1972-05-20 Heizeinrichtung vorzugsweise fuer kraftfahrzeuge mit wassergekuehltem verbrennungsmotor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3861590A true US3861590A (en) 1975-01-21

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ID=5845447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US356382A Expired - Lifetime US3861590A (en) 1972-05-20 1973-05-02 Space heater particularly for vehicles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3861590A (de)
JP (1) JPS5210576B2 (de)
CS (1) CS163298B2 (de)
DE (1) DE2224711A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2185974A5 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3926099A (en) * 1973-07-30 1975-12-16 Binz & Co Method of and device for disinfecting the air extracted from the isolated interior of an ambulance
US4623092A (en) * 1983-10-26 1986-11-18 General Motors Corporation Heating and cooling system for a motor vehicle
US5050796A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-09-24 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Fuel preheating device for a heater
US5855319A (en) * 1995-01-24 1999-01-05 J. Eberspacher Gmbh & Co. Vehicle heater
US20060000593A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2006-01-05 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for climate control of an interior space, especially the interior of a vehicle
US20090008465A1 (en) * 2006-03-14 2009-01-08 Webasto Ag Combined heating/warm water system for mobile applications

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50144592A (de) * 1974-05-09 1975-11-20
US4011799A (en) * 1975-11-10 1977-03-15 Container Corporation Of America Carton erecting apparatus
JPS5778520U (de) * 1980-05-20 1982-05-14
JPS59118240U (ja) * 1983-01-31 1984-08-09 パイオニア株式会社 防水形電気機器の操作「ぼたん」取付構造
JPS6160420A (ja) * 1984-08-22 1986-03-28 ミネソタ　オ−トメ−シヨン　インコ−ポレイテツド カ−トン組立装置
DE102021005382A1 (de) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen von Raumluft und einer Flüssigkeit

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2053037A (en) * 1935-07-24 1936-09-01 Lintern William Heat exchanger
US2235967A (en) * 1938-04-18 1941-03-25 James J Sunday Heating system
US2374606A (en) * 1942-03-07 1945-04-24 Mccollum Thelma Aircraft heating system
US2440447A (en) * 1943-05-07 1948-04-27 Stewart Warner Corp Internal-combustion heater with expansible fuel reservoir
US2654219A (en) * 1950-09-04 1953-10-06 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Metal combustion chamber
US2806516A (en) * 1952-03-28 1957-09-17 Thermo Mecanique Soc Combustion apparatus for use with boilers
US3046973A (en) * 1959-03-04 1962-07-31 Eberspaecher J Heating apparatus for liquid fuels
US3168244A (en) * 1962-05-25 1965-02-02 Gospodar Reinhard Heating systems for motor vehicles
US3304004A (en) * 1965-05-24 1967-02-14 Hraboweckyj Mykola Vehicle heating method and apparatus
US3587490A (en) * 1969-08-15 1971-06-28 Combustion Eng Method and means for inducing draft in a stack

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2053037A (en) * 1935-07-24 1936-09-01 Lintern William Heat exchanger
US2235967A (en) * 1938-04-18 1941-03-25 James J Sunday Heating system
US2374606A (en) * 1942-03-07 1945-04-24 Mccollum Thelma Aircraft heating system
US2440447A (en) * 1943-05-07 1948-04-27 Stewart Warner Corp Internal-combustion heater with expansible fuel reservoir
US2654219A (en) * 1950-09-04 1953-10-06 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Metal combustion chamber
US2806516A (en) * 1952-03-28 1957-09-17 Thermo Mecanique Soc Combustion apparatus for use with boilers
US3046973A (en) * 1959-03-04 1962-07-31 Eberspaecher J Heating apparatus for liquid fuels
US3168244A (en) * 1962-05-25 1965-02-02 Gospodar Reinhard Heating systems for motor vehicles
US3304004A (en) * 1965-05-24 1967-02-14 Hraboweckyj Mykola Vehicle heating method and apparatus
US3587490A (en) * 1969-08-15 1971-06-28 Combustion Eng Method and means for inducing draft in a stack

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3926099A (en) * 1973-07-30 1975-12-16 Binz & Co Method of and device for disinfecting the air extracted from the isolated interior of an ambulance
US4623092A (en) * 1983-10-26 1986-11-18 General Motors Corporation Heating and cooling system for a motor vehicle
US5050796A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-09-24 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Fuel preheating device for a heater
US5855319A (en) * 1995-01-24 1999-01-05 J. Eberspacher Gmbh & Co. Vehicle heater
US20060000593A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2006-01-05 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for climate control of an interior space, especially the interior of a vehicle
US20090008465A1 (en) * 2006-03-14 2009-01-08 Webasto Ag Combined heating/warm water system for mobile applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2185974A5 (de) 1974-01-04
JPS4942027A (de) 1974-04-20
CS163298B2 (de) 1975-08-29
DE2224711A1 (de) 1973-11-29
JPS5210576B2 (de) 1977-03-25

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