US3861059A - Drying apparatus - Google Patents

Drying apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3861059A
US3861059A US375924A US37592473A US3861059A US 3861059 A US3861059 A US 3861059A US 375924 A US375924 A US 375924A US 37592473 A US37592473 A US 37592473A US 3861059 A US3861059 A US 3861059A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
conduit
open end
chamber
collar
upper open
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US375924A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wilhelm Lindemann
Kurt Rosner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Salzgitter Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Hazemag Andreas Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hazemag Andreas Kg filed Critical Hazemag Andreas Kg
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3861059A publication Critical patent/US3861059A/en
Assigned to SALZGITTER MASCHINENBAU GMBH reassignment SALZGITTER MASCHINENBAU GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO., BY: KARL W. WISSING, RECEIVER IN BAKRUPTCY
Assigned to WISSING, KARL-WILHELM, TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY reassignment WISSING, KARL-WILHELM, TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY COURT APPOINTMENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO. KG, BY: THE DISTRICT COURT OF GERMANY BANKRUPT
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
    • F26B17/102—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis with material recirculation, classifying or disintegrating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a drying apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus for entraining and drying particulate materials.
  • the separation of the coarser and finer (not yet properly dried, and already dried) particles takes place after the gas carrying the particles has been deflected upon issuing from the upper open end of the upright conduit only to one side.
  • this type of apparatus does not provide for a desired separation efficiency, because due to previous deflections the gas which passes through the upright conduit is given a whirling or rotary motion which it has as it issues from the upper open end of the conduit.
  • the additional onesided deflection imparted to this gas stream and the en trained particles therein thus creates in the chamber into which the gas stream and the particles issue flow conditions which disadvantageously influence the separation of dried and as yet undried particles.
  • Another type of prior-art construction utilizes a chamber which is round and is concentric with reference to the upper open end of the upright conduit. The separation takes place radially in all directions. The coarser particles are separated from the finer particles and the gas stream by venting the finer particles and the gas stream round deflecting baffles in upward direction, the intention being that the coarser particles should descend upon the influence of gravity through a collecting tube which surrounds the upright conduit with clearance.
  • This construction however, has the disadvantage that effected by the deflecting baffles, there will necessarily develope above the upper open end of the upright conduit a gas cushion which disadvantageously influences the separation of the lighter from the heavier particles.
  • Still another type of prior-art dryer withdraws the gas stream with both the fine and coarser particles from the chamber into which it issues out of the upright conduit, in downward direction.
  • the separation takes place only later, in specific separating devices which, of course,
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a drying apparatus which is highly efficient and inexpensive to construct and maintain.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a drying apparatus which is simple in its construction.
  • one feature of the invention recites, in an apparatus for entraining and drying fluent materials, in a combination which comprises an upright first conduit having a first upper open end adapted to have hot gas and entrained material to be dried passed therethrough and out of the open end into an upwardly closed chamber.
  • a second conduit surrounds the first conduit with clearance and has a second upper open end communicating with the chamber in the region of the first open end.
  • a third conduit surrounds the second conduit with clearance and its wall communicates with the wall of the chamber and it serves as the outlet for the hot gases.
  • Means is provided for varying the level of the second open end with reference to that of the first open end, to thereby influence gas and material flow conditions in the chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevation, showing an embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic fragmentary vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through a detail of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows the complete apparatus and FIG. 2 a detail of the apparatus
  • reference numeral 1 identifies an upright conduit through which a stream of hot gas produced in the gas generator 2 is drawn in upward direction by a ventilator or exhauster 3.
  • Reference numeral 4 identifies a device which admixes the material to be dried, for instance in pulverulent, granular or similar form, with the stream of gas so that it is entrained by the same and advances with the same in upward direction through the conduit 1.
  • a conduit 5 concentrically surrounds the conduit 1 with spacing therefrom, having a lower end which can be connected via a gating device 6 with the lower end of the conduit 1.
  • a further conduit 7 concentrically surrounds the conduit 5, also with clearance, and has an upper end which is closed (upwardly spaced from the upper open ends of the conduits 1 and 5) by means of a hood 8 which, together with the upper end portion of the conduit 7, defines a chamber 9.
  • the lower end of the conduit 7 is connected with or merges into a conduit 10 which extends to a separator 11 with which it communicates.
  • the upper open end of the conduit 5 is provided with a collar or sleeve 12 which in the illustrated embodiment is configurated as a double-walled element of substantially U- shaped cross-section (see FIG. 2).
  • the collar 12 straddles the upper open end of the conduit 5 so that one of its walls is located outside and its other wall is located inside the circumferential wall of the conduit 5.
  • Reference numeral 13 identifies a tackle (rope or the like) or rod linkage which extends through the hood 8 and is connected with the collar 12.
  • the element 13 is only diagrammatically illustrated, being well known to those skilled in the art. As indicated by the double-headed arrows in FIGS.
  • the element 13 can be used to raise and lower the collar 12 with reference to the stationary conduit 5 so that in effect the level of the upper open end of the conduit 5 is made to rise or descend, as the collar 12 (which acts as an extension of the upper end portion of the conduit 5) is raised or lowered.
  • the finer and sufficiently dried material enters together with the hot gases into the conduit 7, and from there passes via the conduit 10 into the separator 11 (e.g., a cyclone) wherein it is separated from its entraining gas to issue through the discharge device 14, whereas the gas is vented via the chimney 15 in the direction of the associated arrow.
  • the separator 11 e.g., a cyclone
  • the material which is to be dried is admitted via the device 4 and is entrained by the gas stream flowing in the conduit 1, which lifts it therein. Within the conduit there will be a constant formation of eddies with the material rising at the center of the conduit 1 and descending with reference to the movement of gas at the center along the inner wall of the conduit 1.
  • This significant turbulence causes the individual particles of material to be contacted again and again with fresh hot gas, so that a rapid heat exchange results in a rapid drying of the particles.
  • the particles become lighter as they dry, and also as they become further fragmented, and finally issue at the upper open end of the conduit 1 into the chamber 9, to enter into the outer conduit 7 and from there into the separator 11.
  • the particles which are not yet sufficiently dried in the conduit 1 will rise at the center of the conduit and exit from the upper open end of the same. Due to the sudden increase of cross-section as the gas and the particles leave the conduit 1 and enter the space surrounded by the upper end of the conduit 5 formed by the collar 12 the gas flow speed will drop and the coarser not yet sufficiently dried particles will descend in the radially outer zone of this space and thus enter into the conduit 5 in which they will drop to the device 6 via which they can be returned into the conduit 1.
  • the collar 12 thus constitutes a larger-cross section extension of the conduit 1, in which conditions will develop analogous to those which obtain in the conduit 1 itself, and these conditions are not as in the prior art influenced by deflecting devices or the like.
  • the stream of gas widens with its eddies in all directions as it enters from the conduit 1 into the space surrounded by the collar 12, and drops down.
  • the higher the collar 12 is raised the more the flow speed of the gas will be reduced and the more coarser and not sufficiently dried particles of the material to be dried will enter into the conduit 5 before the gas stream flows outwardly beyond the upper edge of the collar 12 and take along the lighter particles.
  • the degree of separation can be readily influenced,(i.e., the weight and size of the particles which are made to enter into the conduit 5 versus those which are made to enter into the conduit 7 can be varied) by raising or lowering the collar 12.
  • the collar 12 need not have the U-shaped cross section which has been illustrated, but could also be otherwise configurated.
  • a combination comprising an upright first conduit having a first upper open end and adapted to have hot gas and entrained material to be dried passed therethrough and out of said open end into an upwardly closed chamber; a second conduit surrounding said first conduit with clearance and having a second upper open end communicating with said chamber in the region of said first open end, and a lower end provided with an outlet for the coarser particles; a third conduit surrounding said second circuit with clearance and its wall communicating with the wall of said chamber and serving as the outlet in downward direction for said hot gas; and means for varying the extent to which the level of said second open end is higher than the level of said first 6 shaped cross-section, straddling said second open end and having an outer wall surrounding, and a concentric inner wall received within, said second conduit.
  • said means further comprises a tackle for raising and lowering said collar.
  • said means further comprises a rod linkage for raising and lowering said collar.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US375924A 1972-07-03 1973-07-02 Drying apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3861059A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2232611A DE2232611C3 (de) 1972-07-03 1972-07-03 Stromtrockner mit lotrechtem Trocknungsrohr

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3861059A true US3861059A (en) 1975-01-21

Family

ID=5849573

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US375924A Expired - Lifetime US3861059A (en) 1972-07-03 1973-07-02 Drying apparatus

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3861059A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5340986B2 (xx)
AT (1) AT322448B (xx)
AU (1) AU475396B2 (xx)
BE (1) BE798765A (xx)
CA (1) CA1004457A (xx)
DD (1) DD104134A5 (xx)
DE (1) DE2232611C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2237532A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1427746A (xx)
ZA (1) ZA734464B (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997019307A1 (en) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-29 Apv Anhydro A/S A process and an apparatus for producing a powdered product by spin flash drying
EP1363097A1 (de) * 2002-05-13 2003-11-19 Robert Dr. Bankwitz Pneumatischer Schleudertrockner
US20140301794A1 (en) * 2013-02-23 2014-10-09 Phillip Douglas Material separator for a vertical pneumatic system
US9394120B2 (en) 2013-02-23 2016-07-19 Phillip Douglas Material separator for a vertical pneumatic system

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2821689C2 (de) * 1978-05-18 1986-12-04 Babcock-BSH AG vormals Büttner-Schilde-Haas AG, 4150 Krefeld Anlage zur Behandlung von Holzspänen
JPS5514478A (en) * 1978-07-19 1980-01-31 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Vertical air flow dry pipe
NZ202985A (en) * 1982-01-19 1985-09-13 Akt Consultants Airlift dehydration tower with variable path length
FR2549210B1 (fr) * 1983-07-13 1989-08-25 Akt Consultants Deshydrateur pour matieres organiques
DK156974C (da) * 1984-02-24 1990-03-19 Danske Sukkerfab Fremgangsmaade og apparat til fjernelse af vaeske fra et fast, partikelformet materiale
WO2013143565A1 (de) * 2012-10-17 2013-10-03 Loesche Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermahlung von feuchtem material
JP2015064184A (ja) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-09 斑尾高原リゾート株式会社 粉粒物の乾燥装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1281881A (en) * 1917-03-16 1918-10-15 Harry A Thuneman Vacuum-separator.
US1380322A (en) * 1920-04-20 1921-05-31 Lindsay Lycurgus Pneumatic dust-separator
US1673849A (en) * 1927-05-06 1928-06-19 Albert H Stebbins Concentrator
US2118078A (en) * 1933-09-07 1938-05-24 Flugel Heinrich Drying method and apparatus
US3015390A (en) * 1961-01-27 1962-01-02 Sr Troy C Stewart Pneumatic separator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1281881A (en) * 1917-03-16 1918-10-15 Harry A Thuneman Vacuum-separator.
US1380322A (en) * 1920-04-20 1921-05-31 Lindsay Lycurgus Pneumatic dust-separator
US1673849A (en) * 1927-05-06 1928-06-19 Albert H Stebbins Concentrator
US2118078A (en) * 1933-09-07 1938-05-24 Flugel Heinrich Drying method and apparatus
US3015390A (en) * 1961-01-27 1962-01-02 Sr Troy C Stewart Pneumatic separator

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997019307A1 (en) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-29 Apv Anhydro A/S A process and an apparatus for producing a powdered product by spin flash drying
US6085440A (en) * 1995-11-21 2000-07-11 Apv Anhydro As Process and an apparatus for producing a powdered product by spin flash drying
EP1363097A1 (de) * 2002-05-13 2003-11-19 Robert Dr. Bankwitz Pneumatischer Schleudertrockner
US20140301794A1 (en) * 2013-02-23 2014-10-09 Phillip Douglas Material separator for a vertical pneumatic system
US9394120B2 (en) 2013-02-23 2016-07-19 Phillip Douglas Material separator for a vertical pneumatic system
US10106338B2 (en) * 2013-02-23 2018-10-23 Phillip Allan Douglas Material separator for a vertical pneumatic system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1004457A (en) 1977-02-01
AU5731473A (en) 1975-01-09
AT322448B (de) 1975-05-26
ZA734464B (en) 1974-06-26
JPS5340986B2 (xx) 1978-10-30
JPS49116651A (xx) 1974-11-07
DE2232611C3 (de) 1978-09-28
FR2237532A5 (xx) 1975-02-07
GB1427746A (en) 1976-03-10
DE2232611A1 (de) 1974-01-24
DD104134A5 (xx) 1974-02-20
DE2232611B2 (de) 1978-01-19
AU475396B2 (en) 1976-08-19
BE798765A (fr) 1973-08-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: WISSING, KARL-WILHELM, TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY

Free format text: COURT APPOINTMENT;ASSIGNOR:HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO. KG, BY: THE DISTRICT COURT OF GERMANY BANKRUPT;REEL/FRAME:005216/0054

Effective date: 19881115

Owner name: SALZGITTER MASCHINENBAU GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO., BY: KARL W. WISSING, RECEIVER IN BAKRUPTCY;REEL/FRAME:005216/0056

Effective date: 19890510