US3855800A - Inflatable barriers for watercourses - Google Patents

Inflatable barriers for watercourses Download PDF

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Publication number
US3855800A
US3855800A US00407502A US40750273A US3855800A US 3855800 A US3855800 A US 3855800A US 00407502 A US00407502 A US 00407502A US 40750273 A US40750273 A US 40750273A US 3855800 A US3855800 A US 3855800A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
watercourse
inflatable
bed
strip
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00407502A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Ganzinotti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Manufacture et Plastiques Kleber Colombes SA
Original Assignee
Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Manufacture et Plastiques Kleber Colombes SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7236919A external-priority patent/FR2203398A5/fr
Priority claimed from FR7236917A external-priority patent/FR2203396A5/fr
Priority claimed from FR7236918A external-priority patent/FR2203397A5/fr
Application filed by Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Manufacture et Plastiques Kleber Colombes SA filed Critical Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Manufacture et Plastiques Kleber Colombes SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3855800A publication Critical patent/US3855800A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E02B7/005—Deformable barrages or barrages consisting of permanently deformable elements, e.g. inflatable, with flexible walls

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This invention relates to inflatable barrier means for retaining water in a watercourse, for example a river, and of the kind comprising at least one inflatable enclosure secured to an element anchored directly or indirectly in such watercourse and constructed in such a fashion as to prevent erosion.
  • the invention provides means for anchoring the enclosure in relation to the watercourse bed, and this means incorporates an anchoring strip of supple material such as rubber that is securable to the bed, and this strip has a free extremity or edge provided with one or more means for removably connecting the barrier to said strip.
  • the anchoring strip may be secured to a rigid member arranged to be laid down in the soil of the bed of the watercourse and this rigid member may take the form of a block of masonry.
  • the anchoring strip may be embedded in the soil of the bed of the watercourse by digging out a transverse trench using the removed aggregates to form a temporary dam, laying the anchoring strip in the trench preferably at an angle of 45 to the plane of the bed, and then filling up the trench with the aggregates previously dug out, thus to secure the strip in relation to the soil of the bed.
  • the present invention relates to inflatable barriers of the kind comprising a flexible enclosure which is applied against thebed of a watercourse such as a river, and is then inflated by filling it with water, either to form a screen and create a water retention means, the overflow of the water discharging over the enclosure, or for causing the course of the water to deviate if the barrier is positioned so as not totally to traverse the watercourse.
  • inflatable barriers are extremely interesting both because they allow modification with precision of the level of the watercourse or the river in which they are positioned and because their positioning is simple and quick.
  • the inflatable enclosure is made up by folding on itself a thick rubber strip and applying firmly one on the other the two superimposed edges which are imprisoned on the one hand between the masonry block anchored in the river, and, on the other hand, a rigid metal plate, wedge or clamp which is locked against the two superimposed edges of the strip of rubber and against the masonry block by means of screws and bolts or pins sealed into the said block; using the same means, the enclosure is made water-tight as well as being fixed in relation to the watercourse.
  • the inflatable barrier is a thick rubber tube which has a cushion along one of its generatrices, similar to the beaded edges of a tyre, which is inserted in a rigid profiled member fixed by screws and bolts to the masonry block.
  • the inflatable enclosures are in the form of water-tight tubes and having along one generatrix one or more extensions by which the barriers are fixed by removable fixing means to a supple strip itself directly or indirectly fixed to the bed of the watercourse.
  • Barriers according to the invention are constituted by one or more inflatable enclosures which are removably associated with a supple strip, for example of rubber, itself directly or indirectly fixed to the bed of the river.
  • This latter strip may be connected to a masonry block anchored in the watercourse which moreover prevents erosion; it is thus indirectly fixed to the watercourse. It may alternatively be embedded in the bed of the watercourse so as to be anchored there and prevent erosion; in this case, it is fixed directly to the watercourse.
  • connection of the inflatable enclosure to the strip fixed to the river can be effected by any known means that allow it to be removable; for example, there may be rapid connection means such as a sliding closure, a closing member of the touch and close" type known under the Registered Trade Mark VELCRO, or any other connecting means which is readily remov able such as a system of hooks and eyelets.
  • the enclosure may be constituted by a simple inflatable bladder which is not very thick and not in itself actually resistant to abrasion and erosion which keeps at the desired height a mat which forms a screen and which protects the said bladder from erosion.
  • This bladder may also rest on another mat placed on the masonry block or on the bed of the watercourse, the said mat protecting it from abrasion.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional through a barrier according to the invention fixed to the bed of a watercourse by the intermediary of a masonry block,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section through a second embodiment of barrier positioned on another form of masonry block
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section through a third embodiment of barrier positioned on a masonry block
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section through another embodiment which is fixed by the intermediary of a mat embedded in the bed of the watercourse,
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-section which shows the barrier of FIG. 4 being installed
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-section which shows traction tests on the mat of FIGS. 4 and 5 embedded in aggregates
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-section at the front face of a modular barrier means in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show in plan two inclined barriers made in accordance with the invention.
  • a concrete apron or beam 10 to which there are fixed, for example, by rag bolts 11, a supple connecting strip 12 constituted by a layer of rubber or similar material.
  • the downstream edge of this strip incorporates one part of a removable connecting means to which is fixed the complimentary part of the said connecting means, the said part being secured to or integral with an extension strip 13a which forms part of an inflatable enclosure 13.
  • the extension 13a which is continuous, extends along the whole of the length of the enclosure and the connecting means is in this embodiment constituted by hooks 14 which are S-shaped and whose ends are introduced into eyelets 15 and 16 provided on the free edges of the extension strips 13a and of the anchoring strip 12.
  • the enclosures may equally well have several extensions regularly disposed along the same generatrix.
  • the removable connecting means 14 may equally well be constituted by sliding closure means of synthetic material preferably insensitive or only slightly sensitive to water and to the microorganisms which it contains. This means may, however, take other forms, for example, it may be a closure of the touch and close type (VELCRO) or, in fact, any other connecting means found convenient.
  • the inflatable enclosure 13 of the barrier may be easily and rapidly attached and removed. If the barrier is to be removed, then the anchoring mat 12 is left on the apron or beam 10 and the enclosure 13 may be used again by fixing it to another mat secured to another apron or beam elsewhere in the same watercourse or in another watercourse.
  • the barrier shown in FIG. 2 is constituted by a masonry block 15, one part of which lies above or overhangs the bed of the watercourse; the inflatable enclosure 16 is fixed to the top of this block 15.
  • a fixing strip 17 for fixing the enclosure 16 to the block 15 comprises a supple mat fixed to the upstream face 15a of the block 15, and is connected to the inflatable enclosure by means of an extension strip 16a by removable connecting means 18 similar to those described above in connection with FIG. 1.
  • the inflatable barrier shown in FIG. 3 constitutes another embodiment of the invention which is schematically represented.
  • a part thereof 20 constituting a supple assembly which is located in the river to form the barrier comprises a plurality of elements each one of which is individually connected in a removable manner to an anchoring strip 21 fixed to a masonry block shown at 19.
  • the anchoring strip 21 has on its upper edge a plurality of strips so as to permit the connection of the elements of the part 20.
  • the part 20 of the barrier includes an anti-abrasion mat 20a located on the top of the block 19 and fixed by a removable connecting means 22 to a strip 21a which is secured to or integral with the anchoring strip 21.
  • the inflatable enclosure 20b is water-tight but not requiring to have any resistance either to abrasion or shock, it may be relatively thin which makes it very simple to place in position. Its function is to locate and keep in place at the desired height, the mat 20d which the water constantly applies against its upper face. By its inflation and deflation, the bladder 20b raises or lowers the mat 2011' on which the abrasion and shocks of the water reservoir are exerted.
  • the mats 20a and 20d may each be constituted by a sheet of rubber which is only slightly abradent provided with a reinforcement which, for example, may be of metal, and such mats are simple to make and to place in position.
  • the removable connecting means 22, 23 and 24 of the mats 20a and 20d as well as ofthe bladder 2012 may, as described above, be constituted by sliding fastening devices so that attachment and removal of the parts is extremely rapid. They may equally well be made by any other means such as S-shaped hooks whose ends are introduced into eyelets formed along the edges of the two elements to be connected together.
  • this anchoring strip or mat may be embedded in the bed of the watercourse so that it may be used as an anchoring means for the barrier and as means for sealing off the soil, to eliminate any risk of erosion.
  • the strip or mat which has a size larger than when it is fixed on a beam or apron may, for example, be made from rubber or any other similar material and may include a reinforcing member which may, for example, be constituted by metal cables.
  • the mat offers resistance to tearing-out stresses which varies, for the same length of mat embedded in the ground, in dependance upon the angle formed by the mat to the horizontal. It has been found that these stresses are at a maximum when this angle is in the vicinity of 45. Surprisingly, these tearing-out stresses to which the mat offers resistance are quite high: about 200 daN per metre of length measured transversely with respect to the river when 0.05 metres is embedded in the bed of the watercourse at an angle with the horizontal in the vicinity of 45.
  • the supple enclosure 25 is connected upstream to a mat 26 that is embedded in the soil of the watercourse and inclined towards the upstream direction at an angle A of about 45 with the bed of the watercourse.
  • a transverse trench 27 as is shown in FIG. 5. This trench has a depth appropriate to suit the lower part of the mat to be positioned; the mat 26 is applied against the downstream face of the trench and the aggregate material shown at 28 taken out by the hollowing of the trench, is then put back in place to fill the trench.
  • This operation of locating the carpet is facilitated by placing-the aggregate materials shown at 28 on the upstream side which allows the formation of a dam over part of the height at least and then the mat 26 can be put in position without difficulty in calm water or water which is only slightly disturbed.
  • the enclosure be connected to the mat 26 and also that the enclosure be completely deflated as is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the enclosure 25 may be placed in position and be inflated in order to put the barrier into commission.
  • the part forming the actual barrier may be made up of several elements.
  • the barrier shown in FIG. 7 is formed by a series of elements which may be simply manufactured by mass production methods. It comprises bladders 31 placed end to end in a lateral direction, which bladders rest on mats 32 and support tipping mats 33; the mats and the bladders are in this embodiment fixed to a masonry block 34 constructed over the whole width of the river; the co-adjacent edges of the tipping mats overlap.
  • the bladders are in all cases of small length, for example, of the order of 2 to 3 metres; this avoids the formulation of oscillatory movements and thus stresses one of the causes that often engender the rapid destruction of inflatable barriers in use at this time.
  • one mat 32 and one mat 33 are used for each bladder 31, but it will be well understood that one mat 32, or one mat 33 may be used for a plurality of bladders if required.
  • barriers according to the invention have numerous applications, for example, they may be used as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 as inclined barriers placed across the watercourse or as directing barriers, that is to say, to form obstacles to redirect the flow of water.
  • inflatable barrier means for retaining water in a watercourse comprising at least one inflatable enclosure secured to an element anchored directly or indirectly in the watercourse and constructed in such a fashion as to prevent erosion, the improvement which consists in that the means for anchoring the enclosure in relation to the bed of the watercourse incorporates an anchoring strip of supple material securable to said bed and having a free extremity provided with one or more means for removably connecting said enclosure to said anchoring strip.
  • An inflatable barrier according to claim 1 wherein a mat is secured to an element anchored in said watercourse and extends over the upper face of said inflatable enclosure without being integral therewith, said inflatable enclosure supporting said mat to form a screen against water, and for protecting said enclosure.
  • said connecting means comprises hooks of S-shape cooperating with eyelets formed in the co-adjacent edges of the elements to be connected together.
  • An inflatable barrier according to claim 1 which comprises a plurality of inflatable barriers located end to end and at least one mat supported by said enclosures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
US00407502A 1972-10-18 1973-10-18 Inflatable barriers for watercourses Expired - Lifetime US3855800A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7236919A FR2203398A5 (zh) 1972-10-18 1972-10-18
FR7236917A FR2203396A5 (zh) 1972-10-18 1972-10-18
FR7236918A FR2203397A5 (zh) 1972-10-18 1972-10-18

Publications (1)

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US3855800A true US3855800A (en) 1974-12-24

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US (1) US3855800A (zh)
CA (1) CA1007060A (zh)
CH (1) CH585821A5 (zh)
GB (1) GB1448233A (zh)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352591A (en) * 1980-08-11 1982-10-05 Thompson Worthington J Pneumatic toroidal weir
US4661015A (en) * 1984-03-06 1987-04-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd Rising and falling weir of flexible membrane
US4692060A (en) * 1986-07-03 1987-09-08 Jackson Iii James G Water-bag dam or dike and method
US4799821A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-01-24 Brodersen John C Method and apparatus for containment and/or directing the flow of spilled hazardous liquids
US4906134A (en) * 1985-07-29 1990-03-06 Hoyeck Ralph H Self supporting flexible wall dams
US5217557A (en) * 1992-03-09 1993-06-08 Hogan John F Process for the production of thermoplastic levee gates
WO1996027710A1 (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-09-12 Sigurd Melin Liquid-damming protective bank as well as a method and a damming device for erecting such a protective bank
US5605416A (en) * 1995-03-27 1997-02-25 Roach; Gary W. Water, sediment and erosion control apparatus and methods
US6102620A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-08-15 Bridgestone Corporation Rubber dam and method of application thereof
US6467999B2 (en) * 2000-03-28 2002-10-22 Bridgestone Corporation Internal pressure regulating system for flexible bag body, flexible membrane dam using the same, and method for regulating internal pressure in the flexible membrane dam
US6565284B2 (en) 2000-12-08 2003-05-20 Stephen V. Gearhart Infiltration control system and method
EP1344869A2 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-17 Huesker Synthetic GmbH Wasserbefüllbares Bauelement
US6641329B1 (en) 1998-02-13 2003-11-04 Flood Services Inc. Liquid containment/diversion dike
US20060072969A1 (en) * 2001-07-09 2006-04-06 Henry K. Obermeyer Water control apparatus
US20070237586A1 (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-11 Pete Prestininzi Novel enhanced modular dam system including bags holding liquid configurable in multiple spatial arrangements
US20080008533A1 (en) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-10 Rehn Dale P Floodwater condom
GB2458941A (en) * 2008-04-04 2009-10-07 Ekspan Ltd Inflatable flood prevention barrier
US20100003081A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-07 David Doolaege Water containment structure
US20190284775A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2019-09-19 HTE Engineering LLC Inflatable dam and method thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1181602A (en) * 1984-05-07 1985-01-29 Ralph Hoyeck Commonwealth flexible wall dams (abbreviated as cfd2)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1375854A (fr) * 1963-08-28 1964-10-23 Barrage pneumatique
US3246474A (en) * 1960-10-20 1966-04-19 Mesnager Jacques Jean Emile Flexible, vertically-adjustable dam

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3246474A (en) * 1960-10-20 1966-04-19 Mesnager Jacques Jean Emile Flexible, vertically-adjustable dam
FR1375854A (fr) * 1963-08-28 1964-10-23 Barrage pneumatique

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352591A (en) * 1980-08-11 1982-10-05 Thompson Worthington J Pneumatic toroidal weir
US4661015A (en) * 1984-03-06 1987-04-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd Rising and falling weir of flexible membrane
US4906134A (en) * 1985-07-29 1990-03-06 Hoyeck Ralph H Self supporting flexible wall dams
US4692060A (en) * 1986-07-03 1987-09-08 Jackson Iii James G Water-bag dam or dike and method
US4799821A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-01-24 Brodersen John C Method and apparatus for containment and/or directing the flow of spilled hazardous liquids
US5217557A (en) * 1992-03-09 1993-06-08 Hogan John F Process for the production of thermoplastic levee gates
US5330290A (en) * 1992-03-09 1994-07-19 Hogan John F Levee gate and process for the production thereof
WO1996027710A1 (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-09-12 Sigurd Melin Liquid-damming protective bank as well as a method and a damming device for erecting such a protective bank
US5857806A (en) * 1995-03-03 1999-01-12 Melin; Sigurd Liquid damming protective bank as well as a method and a damming device for erecting such a protective bank
US5605416A (en) * 1995-03-27 1997-02-25 Roach; Gary W. Water, sediment and erosion control apparatus and methods
US6102620A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-08-15 Bridgestone Corporation Rubber dam and method of application thereof
US6641329B1 (en) 1998-02-13 2003-11-04 Flood Services Inc. Liquid containment/diversion dike
US6467999B2 (en) * 2000-03-28 2002-10-22 Bridgestone Corporation Internal pressure regulating system for flexible bag body, flexible membrane dam using the same, and method for regulating internal pressure in the flexible membrane dam
US6565284B2 (en) 2000-12-08 2003-05-20 Stephen V. Gearhart Infiltration control system and method
US9028170B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2015-05-12 Henry K. Obermeyer Water control apparatus
US8511937B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2013-08-20 Henry K. Obermeyer Water control apparatus
US20060072969A1 (en) * 2001-07-09 2006-04-06 Henry K. Obermeyer Water control apparatus
US7114879B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2006-10-03 Henry K. Obermeyer Water control gate and actuator therefore
US10370813B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2019-08-06 Henry K. Obermeyer Water control apparatus
US9765495B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2017-09-19 Henry K. Obermeyer Water control apparatus
US20110116871A1 (en) * 2001-07-09 2011-05-19 Henry K. Obermeyer Water Control Apparatus
EP1344869A3 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-11-26 Huesker Synthetic GmbH Wasserbefüllbares Bauelement
EP1344869A2 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-17 Huesker Synthetic GmbH Wasserbefüllbares Bauelement
US20070237586A1 (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-11 Pete Prestininzi Novel enhanced modular dam system including bags holding liquid configurable in multiple spatial arrangements
US20080008533A1 (en) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-10 Rehn Dale P Floodwater condom
GB2458941A (en) * 2008-04-04 2009-10-07 Ekspan Ltd Inflatable flood prevention barrier
US20100003081A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-07 David Doolaege Water containment structure
US20190284775A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2019-09-19 HTE Engineering LLC Inflatable dam and method thereof
US10697143B2 (en) * 2016-12-22 2020-06-30 HTE Engineering LLC Inflatable dam and method thereof

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Publication number Publication date
CA1007060A (fr) 1977-03-22
CH585821A5 (zh) 1977-03-15
GB1448233A (en) 1976-09-02

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