US3855449A - Arrangement for producing heat - Google Patents

Arrangement for producing heat Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3855449A
US3855449A US00316714A US31671472A US3855449A US 3855449 A US3855449 A US 3855449A US 00316714 A US00316714 A US 00316714A US 31671472 A US31671472 A US 31671472A US 3855449 A US3855449 A US 3855449A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
vessel
heat exchanger
flow
vessels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00316714A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
K Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3855449A publication Critical patent/US3855449A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/225—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating electrical central heating boilers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Two chambers are provided which communicate with one another and each of which contains a quantity of liquid electrolyte and a quantity of electrolyte in vapor form.
  • the vapor-containing portions of the chambers are connected with one another and the liquidcontaining portions of the chambers are connected with one another.
  • One of the chambers accommodates electrodes which can be connected with a source of electrical energy so as to cause heating of the electrodes and vaporization of the liquid electrolyte.
  • the other chamber accommodates a heat-exchanger through which a medium to be heated may flow.
  • a valve is interposed in the connection between the vapor-containing portions of the chambers and is responsive to the temperature of the medium to be heated. When heating of the medium is required, the
  • valve opens to thereby permit vaporized electrolyte from the chamber accommodating the electrodes to flow into the other chamber and condense on the heat-exchanger.
  • the heat given up by the condensed electrolyte is transferred to the medium.
  • a single heat-exchanger is provided and is located in the vapor-containing portion of its cham- 12 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures 'PRES'SOSTAT FOR 5m ALTERNATIVE-REGULATION OF VALVE 7 1 THERMOSTAT FOR REGULATION OF VALVE 7 III PATENTED DEC] H974 SHEET 1 BF 2 PRESSOSTAT FoR -::F 1 ALTERNATIVE REGULATION OF ,THERMOSTAT FOR REGULATION OF VALVE 7 THERMOSTAT FOR REGULATION OF VALVE 7 1 VALVE 7 PRESSOSTAT FOR ALTERNATIVE REGULATION OF VALVE 7 Rail-iimnnsm71m 3855,4483;
  • the present invention is concerned with an arrangement for the production of heat, and, more particularly with an arrangement for the production of heat by means of electrical energy in container means containing an electrolyte and electrodeswhich are accommodated in the electrolyte, and wherein the electrolyte is associated with a heat exchanger.
  • the prior art alsoproposes an arrangement for the cooking or foodsor boiling of laundry'which is surrounded by a steam containing space.
  • the arrangement has an upwardly open electrode container located beneath the steam containing space and a bottom which is connected via a throttle valve, a closure valve and a return flow conduit with the bottom of the steam containing space.
  • the electrode container and the steam containing space both contain electrolyte liquid.
  • This arrangement also is an open system which means that the maximum temperatures that can be obtained are approximately 85 to 90C.
  • the steam or vapor will necessarily flow along, interalia, the cold surface of the electrolyte liquid at the bottom of the steam containing space, which means that especially when the installation is first placed into operation, the desired condensation at the wall of the steam containing space is replaced with predominant condensation at thesurface of the electrolyte liquid at the bottom of the steam containing space.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such an arrangement in which high heat transmissivity factors between the electrolyte and the medium to be heated can be obtained.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide such an arrangement in which a continuous proportion of control is obtained, that is, inwhich, for instance the removal of varying quantities of heated medium are possible at a constant selectable temperature, or in which the removal of a constant quantity of heated medium at differential temperatures can be achieved.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such an arrangement in which no pump is necessary for circulating the electrolyte to and from contact with the heat exchanger.
  • one feature of the invention resides in an arrangement for producing heat which, briefly stated, comprises two vessels one of which contains a quantity of electrolyte in liquid and vapor phase and the other of which contains a quantity of electrolyte in vapor and liquid phase.
  • a first flow connection is established between thev vessels for vaporized electrolyte to flow from the one to the other vessel, and a second flow connection exists between the vessels for liquid electrolyte to flow from the other to the one vessel.
  • Valve means is interposed in at least the first flow connection and constitutes the sole means for regulating the flow of electrolyte in either phase between the vessels.
  • a heat exchanger is in one of the vessels and electrodes are arranged in the other vessel and are adapted to be connected with a source of electrical
  • the present invention provides a closed system, rather than an open system as is known from the prior art.
  • valve or valves can be opened or closed in dependence upon certain desired factors, for instance, by a thermostat which 'opens and closes the valves in dependence upon a desired and preset water temperature of the medium to be-heated, so that the heat exchanger is supplied with additional heating vapor, if additional heat is called for, without any delay.
  • valve is, for instance, closed and the electrodes are in operation to thereby heat the liquid electrolyte, then the electrolyte is pushed via the open conduit and the liquid side into the cylinder containing the heat exchanger, and the electrodes are therefore exposed to a continuously increasing extent until they reach a safety limit which may be controlled by a limit switch or the like.
  • a safety limit which may be controlled by a limit switch or the like.
  • the electrolyte liquid flows from the vessel containing the heat exchanger into the other vessel, rises in increasing measure along the electrodes therein and thus increases the transmission of heat from the electrodes to the electrolyte.
  • the thermostat arranged in the medium to be heated by the heat exchanger indicates that the desired temperature has been reached, which takes place very rapidly because the supply of heat to the heat exchanger is almost instan taneous, the stream of vapor is throttled through the valve in the vapor conduit in dependence upon the desired preselectable temperature.
  • the lowermost edge of the electrodes in their vessel is at the same level or at a higher level than the uppermost edge of the conduit through which the liquid electrolyte flows between the vessels.
  • the cooling and formation of condensate on the heat exchanger is-aided by providing an additional heat exchanger which is immersed completely or in part in the liquid electrolyte.
  • the medium to be heated is subjected to heating at" very high effectiveness and ina'two-stage arrangement. It is preheated by'the heat exchanger which is partly or completely immersed in the condensate andis then raised to the final desired temperature by the heat exchanger which is-contacted exclusively by the vapor phase of the electrolyte.
  • a particularly compact arrangement with high transmissivity factors can be obtained in that the heat exchanger and the vessel containing the electrodes are both located in a single container of cylindrical configuration, and with the heat exchanger and the electrodes being arranged concentrically in upright position.
  • the container is here constructed in cupshape with the electrodes being arranged concentri cally therewith and the heat-exchanger being U- shaped.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic vertical section illustrating a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a further embodiment of the invention, in a view similar to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Discussing 'firstly the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 it will be seen that there is provided a container 1 having two communicating vessels or chambers l, 1".
  • the vessel 1" In the vessel 1" is located the heat exchanger 2, and the vessels 1' and 1 together constitute a closed system, being connected by one conduit 3 at the vapor side and by another conduit 4 at the liquid side of the electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte is identified with reference numeral 5 and it will be seen that each of the vessels 1', 1" contains at the bottom a quantity of liquid electrolyte and above-it a quantity of electrolyte in vapor phase.
  • the electrodes 6 whose lower edge 6' is located at the same level as or higher than the uppermost edge 4 of the conduit 4, in
  • a valve 7 is interposed in the conduit 3 and may either be coupled with a thermostat 8 located in the outlet 2' of the heat exchanger 2 where the latter discharges liquid which is heated, or with a pressostat 9 which is connected with the interior of the vessels.
  • Reference numeral 2 designates the inlet of the heat exchanger 2 at which medium to be heated enters the latter.
  • the electrodes will supply full heat because in this case they are surrounded by the nonheated electrolyte 5 over their entire height to the level A.
  • the vapor pressure in the vessel 1' increases when the valve 7 is closed.
  • the increasing vapor pressure in the vessel 1' causes the electrolyte 5 to be pushed back into the vessel 1" via the conduit 4and, for instance, to be raised in the vessel 1" to the level B.
  • the level of electrolyte surrounding the electrodes 6 drops, and theamount of heat supplied by the electrodes decreases correspondingly.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment corresponding to that of FIG. 1, and like reference numerals have been used to designate like components.
  • the embodiment in FIG. 2 utilizes the condensate 5 which drips off the heat exchanger 2 for the purpose of prewarming the medium to be heated, to thereby increasing the total effectiveness of the system.
  • a second heat exchanger 2" which advantageously is so constructed that it will be immersed over its entire height in the hot boundary layer C of the condensate 5 which is to be cooled, and the medium to be heated is passed first through the heat exchanger 2" and only subsequently through the heat exchanger 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows the heat exchanger 2 arranged in the container 1.
  • the container l- is here of cylindrical configuration and, as in the previous embodiments, has the vessels or chambers l and l", the chamber 1'' being located inside the chamber 1.
  • Reference numeral 3 again identifies the vaporphase conduit which'is to be opened or closed by the valve 7.
  • the liquid phase conduit 4 is re.- placed by openings 4" which are provided in the wall 21V of the vessel 1".
  • the valve 7 is to be opened or closed, as in the preceding embodiments, by the thermostat 8 which is associated with the outlet 2 of the heat exchanger 2, or by a pressostat 9 associated with the container 1.
  • the chambers l' and l" are here of cup shaped configuration whereas the heat-exchanger 2 is of U-shaped configuration.
  • the electrodes 6, which are in upright position, are concentrically arranged with the chambers l and 1".
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 could be utilized as water heaters for householduse, or
  • additional vessels each provided with a heat exchanger 2
  • they could be associated with the vessel 1 in FIG. 1', and they could be charged with vapor cushions for storage purposes during nighttime when the cost of electrical current is usually less than during the daytime.
  • An arrangement for producing heat comprising two closed vessels each of which contains a quantity of electrolyte in liquid phase and a quantity of electrolyte in vapor phase; at least one heat exchanger in one of said vessels arranged to have admitted therein a medium to be heated, at least part of said one heat exchanger being located in the electrolyte vapor of said one vessel; electrodes in the other of said vessels and being at least in part located in the liquid electrolyte of said other vessel, said electrodes being adapted to be connected with a source of electrical energy for vaporizing the liquid electrolyte in said other vessel; a first flow connection between said vessels for vaporized electrolyte to flow from said other vessel to said one vessel; a second flow connection between said vessels for liquid electrolyte to flow between said vessels; and valve means interposed in at least said first flow connection for regulating the flow of electrolyte in either phase between said vessels, said valve means having an open position for permitting vaporized electrolyte to flow from said other vessel to said one vessel and a
  • said one heat exchanger defining afiow path for the medium to be heated; and said actuating means comprising a pressostat responsive to the vapor pressure of the'electrolyte in said other vessel, said pressostat being coupled with said valve means for opening and closing said valve means in dependence upon said vapor pressure.
  • An arrangement for producing heat comprising two closed vessels each of which contains a quantity of electrolyte in liquid phase and a quantity of electrolyte in vapor phase; a heat exchanger in one of said vessels defining a flow path for a fluid to be heated, at least part of said heat exchanger being located in the electrolyte vapor of said one vessel; electrodes in the other of said vessels and being at least in part located in the liquid electrolyte of said other vessel, said electrodes being adapted to be connected with a source of electrical energy for vaporizing the liquid electrolyte in said other vessel; a first flow connection between said vessels for vaporized electrolyte to flow from said other vessel to said one vessel; a second flow connection between said vessels for liquid electrolyte to flow between said vessels; valve means interposed in at least said first flow connection for regulating the flow of electrolyte in either phase between said vessels, said valve means having an open position for permitting vaporized electrolyte to flow from said other vessel to said one vessel and a closed position for preventing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
US00316714A 1971-12-28 1972-12-20 Arrangement for producing heat Expired - Lifetime US3855449A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2164956A DE2164956C2 (de) 1971-12-28 1971-12-28 Anlage zur Erzeugung von Warme mittels elektrischem Strom

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3855449A true US3855449A (en) 1974-12-17

Family

ID=5829442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00316714A Expired - Lifetime US3855449A (en) 1971-12-28 1972-12-20 Arrangement for producing heat

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3855449A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT314684B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE793343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH547598A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2164956C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2167074A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1411959A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7217666A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO132916C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4105896A (en) * 1975-10-01 1978-08-08 Herbert Kannegiesser Kommanditgesellschaft Rotary device for producing and/or processing webs, pieces, foils and composite materials
US4595131A (en) * 1983-02-17 1986-06-17 Equipment Services Ltd. Beverage dispensing apparatus
US4680001A (en) * 1984-11-28 1987-07-14 Application Engineering Corporation Passive mold cooling and heating system
US5750069A (en) * 1995-12-30 1998-05-12 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for discriminating vehicle types
US20140233926A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2014-08-21 MircoHeat Technologies Pty Ltd Electric fluid heater and method of electrically heating fluid
US20140321836A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2014-10-30 Aurora3M + d.o.o. Electric heating system, a control head and a heating liquid
US20170013744A1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2017-01-12 Dell Products, L.P. Techniques for controlling vapor pressure in an immersion cooling tank
CN109269090A (zh) * 2018-09-12 2019-01-25 上海浩泽净水科技发展有限公司 一种精确控制速热模块出水温度的系统及其构建方法
US10966349B1 (en) * 2020-07-27 2021-03-30 Bitfury Ip B.V. Two-phase immersion cooling apparatus with active vapor management
WO2022069711A1 (de) 2020-10-02 2022-04-07 Basf Se Effiziente, indirekte elektrische beheizung

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IE87411B1 (en) * 2022-01-12 2023-07-19 Healy William Boiler device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1503972A (en) * 1922-09-13 1924-08-05 Gen Electric Electric boiler
US1522474A (en) * 1923-12-12 1925-01-06 Gen Electric Steam heating system
CH161403A (de) * 1932-02-13 1933-04-30 Sulzer Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb von Elektroden-Dampfkesselanlagen.
DE620834C (de) * 1933-07-12 1935-10-28 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Einrichtung zur selbsttaetigen Regelung der Leistung von Elektrodendampfkesseln durch AEnderung des Fluessigkeitsstandes mittels eines Regulierbehaelters, dessen Dampfraum ueber ein selbsttaetig gesteuertes Absperrorgan mit dem Dampfraum des Dampfkessels verbunden ist
US2546889A (en) * 1947-08-07 1951-03-27 Little Inc A Immersed-electrode steam generating system
US2612593A (en) * 1947-07-25 1952-09-30 Comb Eng Superheater Inc Control system for electric steam generators

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1503972A (en) * 1922-09-13 1924-08-05 Gen Electric Electric boiler
US1522474A (en) * 1923-12-12 1925-01-06 Gen Electric Steam heating system
CH161403A (de) * 1932-02-13 1933-04-30 Sulzer Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb von Elektroden-Dampfkesselanlagen.
DE620834C (de) * 1933-07-12 1935-10-28 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Einrichtung zur selbsttaetigen Regelung der Leistung von Elektrodendampfkesseln durch AEnderung des Fluessigkeitsstandes mittels eines Regulierbehaelters, dessen Dampfraum ueber ein selbsttaetig gesteuertes Absperrorgan mit dem Dampfraum des Dampfkessels verbunden ist
US2612593A (en) * 1947-07-25 1952-09-30 Comb Eng Superheater Inc Control system for electric steam generators
US2546889A (en) * 1947-08-07 1951-03-27 Little Inc A Immersed-electrode steam generating system

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4105896A (en) * 1975-10-01 1978-08-08 Herbert Kannegiesser Kommanditgesellschaft Rotary device for producing and/or processing webs, pieces, foils and composite materials
US4595131A (en) * 1983-02-17 1986-06-17 Equipment Services Ltd. Beverage dispensing apparatus
US4680001A (en) * 1984-11-28 1987-07-14 Application Engineering Corporation Passive mold cooling and heating system
US5750069A (en) * 1995-12-30 1998-05-12 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for discriminating vehicle types
US20140233926A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2014-08-21 MircoHeat Technologies Pty Ltd Electric fluid heater and method of electrically heating fluid
US9423151B2 (en) * 2011-10-14 2016-08-23 Aurora3M+ D.O.O. Electric heating system, a control head and a heating liquid
US20140321836A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2014-10-30 Aurora3M + d.o.o. Electric heating system, a control head and a heating liquid
US20170013744A1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2017-01-12 Dell Products, L.P. Techniques for controlling vapor pressure in an immersion cooling tank
US9844166B2 (en) * 2013-02-01 2017-12-12 Dell Products, L.P. Techniques for controlling vapor pressure in an immersion cooling tank
CN109269090A (zh) * 2018-09-12 2019-01-25 上海浩泽净水科技发展有限公司 一种精确控制速热模块出水温度的系统及其构建方法
US10966349B1 (en) * 2020-07-27 2021-03-30 Bitfury Ip B.V. Two-phase immersion cooling apparatus with active vapor management
US12342502B2 (en) 2020-07-27 2025-06-24 Liquidstack Holding B.V. Two-phase immersion cooling apparatus with active vapor management
WO2022069711A1 (de) 2020-10-02 2022-04-07 Basf Se Effiziente, indirekte elektrische beheizung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2164956A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-03-01
AT314684B (de) 1974-04-25
NO132916B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-10-20
FR2167074A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-17
GB1411959A (en) 1975-10-29
CH547598A (de) 1974-03-29
DE2164956C2 (de) 1973-09-20
DE2164956B1 (de) 1973-03-01
BE793343A (fr) 1973-04-16
NL7217666A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-02
NO132916C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-01-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3855449A (en) Arrangement for producing heat
US4399807A (en) Method and apparatus for overtemperature control of solar water heating system
US4159227A (en) Dual temperature direct contact condenser sumps
US3887759A (en) Evaporative cooling system employing liquid film evaporation from grooved evaporator surface and vapor push pump for circulating liquid
US2115601A (en) Heating method and means
ES8204135A1 (es) Perfeccionamientos en los dispositivos para graduar el ca- lentamiento de los depositos de agua domesticos
EP0007904B1 (en) Fluid heating and cooling system with thermal storage
US3320760A (en) Rapidly variable capacity absorption refrigeration system
GB2149493A (en) Heat pipe heat transfer from an electrically heated store
US2319601A (en) Refrigeration
US3298431A (en) Heat transfer system
US1950113A (en) Electric water heater
US2276780A (en) Steam boiler with a feed water preheater
US1284406A (en) System for supplying drinking-water.
US3372871A (en) Hot water heating system
JPH0356770Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US2644312A (en) Production of zinc
US3202355A (en) Hot water heating system having auxiliary pressurizing means
US2841217A (en) Absorbent regenerator and thermal recirculator and method of operating same
US1581591A (en) Water-heating system
US2130927A (en) Heating appliance
US2215517A (en) Steam heating system for aircraft
US2289879A (en) Heat transfer system
SU823772A1 (ru) Отопительный прибор
USRE18993E (en) Method of heat transfer at high