US3843264A - Process and apparatus for determining the presence,in a given area of the edge of a sheet or of a ribbon of transparent material - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for determining the presence,in a given area of the edge of a sheet or of a ribbon of transparent material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3843264A
US3843264A US00397931A US39793173A US3843264A US 3843264 A US3843264 A US 3843264A US 00397931 A US00397931 A US 00397931A US 39793173 A US39793173 A US 39793173A US 3843264 A US3843264 A US 3843264A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ribbon
sheet
edge portion
light rays
zones
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00397931A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Josse
M Bodart
J Declaye
R Albert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGC Glass Europe SA
Glaverbel Mecaniver SA
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Glaverbel Belgium SA
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Publication date
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Publication of US3843264A publication Critical patent/US3843264A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/342—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells the sensed object being the obturating part
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving
    • G01B11/046—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving for measuring width

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of detecting whether a given zone is occupied by an edge portion of a transparent sheet or ribbon having a predetermined spatial orientation, said edge portion having a geometry fulfilling certain conditions, and to apparatus for use in performing such method.
  • the invention has particular, but not exclusive reference to detecting the presence of such an edge portion of a glass sheet or ribbon in a given zone during manufactureof the glass. This information is particularly important for purposes of quality control.
  • the method of the present invention is therefore characterized in that a beam of light rays is projected into said zone in a direction such that, when a sheet or ribbon having the aforesaid predetermined orientation and edge portion of said geometry is present in said zone, the light rays enter the edge portion after travelling in a direction across and at an acute angle to one side of the sheet or ribbon and light rays emerge from said edge portion to travel in a direction across and at an acute angle to the other side of said sheet or ribbon after deflection by said edge portion, and in that the existenceof rays which thus emerge is detected.
  • the method according to the present invention has the advantage that it enables such detection in respect of transparent sheets or ribbons to be performed rapidly and accurately without physical contact with the edge portion if present. Also, the required detection may take place at positions well spaced from the sheet or ribbon, e.g., at a distance of several meters therefrom.
  • the method can be applied in situations where the sheet or ribbon is very hot without overheating the apparatus used in performing the method. For example, the method may be applied on a control factor in the manufacture of flat glass, e.g., in the annealing lehr of a glass drawing machine.
  • the light beam is caused to scan the zone, so that regular indications of the presence of such an edge portion in said zone may be obtained.
  • the method according to the invention also contemplates detecting whether either or both of two given zones is or are occupied by one or the other of two opposite edge portions of a transparent sheet or ribbon having a predetermined spatial orientation, such edge portions having geometries fulfilling certain conditions. This detection is achieved by causing the light beam to scan both said zones. In this way, information about the presence of the opposite edge portions of the sheet or ribbon can be obtained without duplicating the light beam projecting apparatus which is required.
  • light rays which would otherwise pass straight to the detection position through a part of the sheet or ribbon located between said edge portions are screened off so that detection of the deflected rays, if any, is not disturbed by the projected beam.
  • Apparatus for detecting whether a given zone is occupied by an edge portion of a transparent sheet or ribbon having a predetermined spatial orientation, said edge portion having a geometry fulfilling certain conditions, preferably comprises a support for supporting such sheet or ribbon with said orientation, a projector for projecting a beam of light rays into said zone in a direction across and at an acute angle to one side of a sheet or ribbon having said orientation, and a detector arranged to detect the existence of light rays emergent from said zone deflected by an edge portion and travelling across and at an acute angle to the other side of such sheet or ribbon.
  • This apparatus has many advantages. It is extremely simple, and may be contained wholly within the projected plan areaof the sheet orcribbon, thus saving space.
  • the apparatus is readily adaptable to detecting the presence of a sheet or ribbon edge portion in a large variety of given zones merely by pointing the projector and detector in the appropriate directions, without otherwise moving them.
  • said projector comprises means operative to cause said light beam to scan said zone.
  • Preferred embodiments of apparatus according to the invention for detecting whether either or both of two given zones is or are occupied by one or the other of two opposite edge portions of a transparent sheet or ribbon having a predetermined spatial orientation, such edge portions having geometries fulfilling certain conditions, are characterized in that said projector comprises means operative to cause said light beam to scan both said zones.
  • said projector is operative to project light rays into both said zones, and said detector is arranged to detect the existance of deflected light rays emergent from both said zones.
  • the apparatus comprises a screen located between the projector and the detector.
  • Embodiments wherein said projector is operative to cause said light beam to scan both said zones in succession without interruption and said detector comprises timing means for measuring the time interval between successive detections of deflected light rays, are preferred since they enable the width of the sheet or ribbon to be measured.
  • said projector comprises means operative to cause said light beam to scan at least one said zone and the apparatus further comprises a generator for generating a reference signal at at least one predetermined point in such scanning movement, there being further provided means for measuring the time interval between generation of such reference signal and detection of the existence of light rays deflected by a said edge portion.
  • said support is a conveyor
  • the apparatus is adapted to operate continuously during movement of a sheet or ribbon along the conveyor.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate the course of a beam of light in the zone of an edge portion of a transparent sheet having a plane edge and a curved edge respectively;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates one embodiment of apparatus for the performance of a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a further embodiment of apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a glass sheet 1 having a rectilinear edge face 2 lying at right angles to the main, plane of the sheet 1.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a glass ribbon 3 having an edge face 4 which is rounded off in the shape of a semi-circle and whose median perpendicular coincides with the main plane of the ribbon 3.
  • the existence of the deflected ray of light 6 is detected by the performance of the method according to the invention.
  • the deflected ray of light 6 is strongly deflected in relation to the incident ray of light 5 can be detected without the risk of disturbance by the incident beam of light.
  • FIG. 3 shows an apparatus according to the invention for detecting whether eachof two given zones 7 is occupied by one or the other of two opposite edge portions 8, 9 of a ribbon 10 of glass in an annealing Iehr 11.
  • the glass ribbon 10 moves substantially in the main median plane of the annealing lehr ll perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing.
  • the annealing lehr 11 has a bottom 12, side walls 13, and a roof 14.
  • the bottom 12 and roof 14 of the annealing lehr 11 have lighttransmitting regions 15 and 16 respectively through which an incident beam of light 5 and also deflected beams 6, 26 of light can pass.
  • a rotary mirror 18 Lying in the mid-plane l7 perpendicular to the glass ribbon l0 and below the ribbon is a rotary mirror 18 analogous to that of a mirror galvanometer located at a transmitting point 19 on the path of a beam of light emitted by a laser 20.
  • This beam of light 5 is caused to scan by the rotation of the rotary mirror 18 over a zone which extends to either side beyond the edges 8, 9 of the ribbon 10.
  • the incident beam of light 5 is reflected and refracted at the inner surfaces of each of the edges 8, 9 during the course of scanning and the deflected beams of light 6, 26 pass back towards the vertical plane 17 and form with the ribbon 10 angles substantially equal to the angle formed by the incident beam of light 5 with the ribbon 10 at those edges.
  • a photo electric detector 21 which receives the deflected beams of light 6, 26 at the moments when they pass through reference points 22, is also shown in the vertical plane 17 of the ribbon l0 and on reception of a deflected beam of light, this detector delivers an electrical impulse.
  • the detector 21 is connected to a timing device 23 which measures the interval of time between successive pulses. Connected to the timing device 23 is an indicating apparatus 24 which constantly indicates the measuring results. If the rate of rotation of the mirror 18 is known, the speed of scanning is known, and hence the indicating apparatus 24 may be calibrated to give a direct reading of the width of the ribbon 10.
  • a screen 25 Disposed between the glass ribbon l0 and the detector 21 is a screen 25 so wide that when the beam of light 5 is caused to scan, only the beams of light 6, 26 reflected by the edges 8, 9 can reach the detector 21, while the incident beam of light 5 passing through the rest of the glass ribbon 10 during intermediate portions of the scanning period, is screened from the detector.
  • the screen 25 can be omitted if the roof 14 and/or the bottom 12 of the annealing Iehr 11 have a central portion which is opaque and adequately screens the detector against the incident beam of light 5 during this period of the scanning.
  • the rotary mirror 18 is preferably pivoted backwards and forwards at constant speed, so that the incident beam of light 5 scans the ribbon 10 at a constant frequency.
  • the beam oflight 5 impinges on the edge 8
  • the beam of light 6 deflected by the edge 8 passes to the detector 21 where a pulse is produced which starts the timing device 23.
  • the incident beam of light 5 arrives during its scan at the opposite edge 9, it is again deflected and the beam of light 26 deflected by the edge 9 also passes to the detector 21 and produces there a second pulse which stops the timing device 23.
  • the interval between the two pulses is a measurement of the width of the glass ribbon 10, since the distance apart of the edges 8, 9 can be determined from the measured interval in time and the known speed of rotation of the rotary mirror 18 in conjunction with its distance from the main plane of the glass ribbon 10.
  • the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3 produces a pulse at its detector 21 when the beam of light 5 is deflected at either edge 8, 9 of the ribbon 10, provided that the respective edge is located in one of the given zones 7.
  • the position and extent of each of these zones 7 are determined by the position and extent of the associated transparent regions l5, 16 of the annealing lehr 11, and of the screen 25.
  • the respective edge 8 or 9 of the glass ribbon 10 should have a geometry which will cause deflection of the beam to the required degree. Certain lenticular and prismatic shapes will not give rise to this deflection, but these shapes are not encountered in practice in a ribbon travelling along an annealing lehr.
  • a reference detector 27 Shown in the drawing above the main plane of the glass ribbon 10 is a reference detector 27, arranged to receive light passing through a reference point 28 disposed at such a distance from the vertical plane 17 that the beam of light 5 transmitted from the transmitting point 19 on the rotary mirror 18 impinges on the reference detector 27 without passing through the glass ribbon 10. Reception of this beam causes reference detector 27 to transmit a pulse to the timing device 23 to start the time measurement therein. In scanning from the reference point 27 to the edge of the ribbon 10, the incident beam of light 5 sweeps an angle alpha.
  • the beam of light 5 As soon as the beam of light 5 has swept this angle alpha, it is deflected at the edge 9 as described above, and'the beam of light 26 deflected by the edge 9 is received by the detector 21 which then transmits a pulse to the timing device 23 and terminates the time measurement.
  • the interval in time measured by the timing device 23 between the pulse from the reference detector 27 and the pulse from the measuring detector 21 is a measurement of the value of the angle alpha, since both the distance of the transmitting point 19 on the on the rotary mirror 18 from the glass ribbon 10 and also the speed of scanning are known.
  • the exact position of the edge 9 inside the annealing lehr is given by the value of the angle alpha.
  • the distance of the edge 9 from the edge 8 is also measured, the same measurement can vary accurately determine not only the presence of a glass ribbon 10 in given zones 7 of the annealing lehr 11 and the width of the glass ribbon 10, but also the position of the glass ribbon 10 inside the annealing lehr. If the beam of light 5 periodically scans between the reference point 28 and the edge 8, the position of the glass ribbon l0 inside the annealing lehr 11 can be constantly monitored and indicated by the indicating device 24.
  • the laser light source 20 is disposed on a device 29 which can be pivoted around a point 30 analogous with the fixed transmitting point 19 of FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • a reference point is given by a contact (not shown) which the pivoting device 29 actuates at one limit of its pivoting movement.
  • a pulse is transmitted to the timing device 24 (not shown in FIG. 5).
  • the beam of light 5 has been pivoted through the angle alpha and impinges on the edge 9, it is deflected there and passes in the form of a deflected beam of light 26 to the measuring detector 21 which, on detection of the beam of light 26, transmits a pulse to the timing device to terminate time measurement.
  • the measured interval in time between the pulse from the contact and the pulse from the measuring detector 21 is again the measurement of the angle alpha swept by the beam of light from the reference point to the edge 9.
  • the angle alpha is a measurement of the position of the edge 9 of the glass ribbon 10 in relation to the reference point, (here given by the contact), since the distances between the pivoting point 30 of the pivoting device 29 and the vertical axis of the annealing lehr 11 and also the main plane of the glass ribbon 10 are known.
  • a method of detecting whether a given zone is occupied by an edge portion of a transparent sheet or ribbon having a predetermined spatial orientation, said edge portion having a geometry fulfilling certain conditions comprising the steps of projecting a beam of light rays into said zone in a direction such that, when a sheet or ribbon having said predetermined orientation and an edge portion of a said geometry is present with its edge portion in said zone, the light rays enter the edge portion after travelling in a direction across and at an acute angle to one side of the sheet or ribbon and light rays emerge from said edge portion to travel in a direction across and at an acute angle to the other side of said sheet or ribbon.
  • after deflection by said edge portion and detecting the existence of rays which thus emerge after deflection by said edge portion.
  • a reference signal is generated at at least one predetermined point in the scanning beam of said light displacement and the time interval between the generation of said reference signal and the detection of the existence of emergent light rays deflected by an associated edge portion is measured.
  • Apparatus for detecting whether a given zone is occupied by an edge portion of a transparent sheet or ribbon having a predetermined spatial orientation, said edge portion having a geometry fulfilling certain conditions comprising support means for supporting a sheet or ribbon with said orientation, projector means for projecting a beam of light rays into said zone in a direction across and at an acute angle to one side of a sheet or ribbon having said orientation supported by said support means, and detector means for detecting the existence of light rays emergent from said zone deflected by an edge portion therein and travelling across and at an acute angle to the other side of the sheet of ribbon supported by said support means.
  • Apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said support means comprises a conveyor for continuously moving a sheet or ribbon along a path in which said zone is located.
  • Apparatus for detecting whether either or both of two given zones is occupied by one or the other of two opposite edge portions of a transparent sheet or ribbon having a predetermined spatial orientation said edge portions having a geometry fulfilling orientation, said edge portions having a support means for supporting a sheet or ribbon with said orientation, projector means for projecting a beam of light rays into said zones in a direction across and at an acute angle to one side of a sheet or ribbon having said orientation supported by said support means and detector means for detecting the existence of light rays emergent from said zones deflected by edge portions therein and travelling across and at an acute angle to the other side of such sheet or ribbon supported by said support means.
  • Apparatus according to claim 16 including a screen located between said projector means and said detector means.
  • said scanning means is operable to cause said light beam to scan both said zones in succession without interruption and said detector means includes means for measuring the time interval between successive detections of deflected light rays.
  • Apparatus according to claim 17, including generator means for generating a reference signal at at least one predetermined point in the scanning movement of said light beams, said detector means including means for measuring the time interval between the generation of such reference signal and detection of the existence of light rays deflected by an associated edge portion.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US00397931A 1972-10-03 1973-09-17 Process and apparatus for determining the presence,in a given area of the edge of a sheet or of a ribbon of transparent material Expired - Lifetime US3843264A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU66220A LU66220A1 (hu) 1972-10-03 1972-10-03

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US3843264A true US3843264A (en) 1974-10-22

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US00397931A Expired - Lifetime US3843264A (en) 1972-10-03 1973-09-17 Process and apparatus for determining the presence,in a given area of the edge of a sheet or of a ribbon of transparent material

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US (1) US3843264A (hu)
JP (1) JPS5623085B2 (hu)
AT (1) AT363628B (hu)
AU (1) AU6070773A (hu)
BE (1) BE805244A (hu)
CA (1) CA1005875A (hu)
DE (1) DE2348204C2 (hu)
DK (1) DK141385B (hu)
ES (2) ES419274A1 (hu)
FI (1) FI53040C (hu)
FR (1) FR2203979B1 (hu)
GB (1) GB1429544A (hu)
IE (1) IE38281B1 (hu)
IL (1) IL43293A (hu)
IT (1) IT1004562B (hu)
LU (1) LU66220A1 (hu)
NL (1) NL7313100A (hu)
NO (1) NO141280C (hu)
SE (1) SE395961B (hu)
TR (1) TR17870A (hu)
ZA (1) ZA737546B (hu)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0277969A1 (en) * 1986-07-11 1988-08-17 International Hydron Corporation In situ base curve vertex detection and employment thereof in contact lens manufacture
US5724150A (en) * 1994-12-10 1998-03-03 Koenig & Bauer-Albert Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for measuring a position of webs or sheets
US5764367A (en) * 1994-12-10 1998-06-09 Koenig & Bauer-Albert Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for measuring a position of a web or sheet
US20110024976A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Seiko Epson Corporation Transportation alignment device, control method for a transportation alignment device, and recording device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58174081U (ja) * 1982-05-17 1983-11-21 三洋電機株式会社 ドラム式洗濯機

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1295861B (de) * 1965-10-13 1969-05-22 Automatisierung Der Silikathue Fotoelektrisches Messverfahren, insbesondere von Lage- und Laengenaenderungen

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0277969A1 (en) * 1986-07-11 1988-08-17 International Hydron Corporation In situ base curve vertex detection and employment thereof in contact lens manufacture
EP0277969A4 (en) * 1986-07-11 1990-02-05 Internat Hydron Corp IN SITU DETECTION OF THE TOP OF A CURVED BASE SURFACE AND USE OF SAID DETECTION IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CONTACT LENSES.
US5724150A (en) * 1994-12-10 1998-03-03 Koenig & Bauer-Albert Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for measuring a position of webs or sheets
US5764367A (en) * 1994-12-10 1998-06-09 Koenig & Bauer-Albert Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for measuring a position of a web or sheet
US20110024976A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Seiko Epson Corporation Transportation alignment device, control method for a transportation alignment device, and recording device
US8382102B2 (en) * 2009-07-31 2013-02-26 Seiko Epson Corporation Transportation alignment device, control method for a transportation alignment device, and recording device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TR17870A (tr) 1976-09-01
FR2203979A1 (hu) 1974-05-17
JPS5623085B2 (hu) 1981-05-29
SE395961B (sv) 1977-08-29
ATA824273A (de) 1981-01-15
DK141385C (hu) 1980-09-22
IE38281L (en) 1974-04-03
GB1429544A (en) 1976-03-24
FI53040C (hu) 1978-01-10
IE38281B1 (en) 1978-02-01
ES195942U (es) 1975-02-16
ES195942Y (es) 1975-07-16
AU6070773A (en) 1975-03-27
NO141280C (no) 1980-02-06
NL7313100A (hu) 1974-04-05
NO141280B (no) 1979-10-29
ZA737546B (en) 1974-11-27
ES419274A1 (es) 1976-02-16
IL43293A (en) 1976-10-31
DE2348204C2 (de) 1983-07-14
JPS4975620A (hu) 1974-07-22
DE2348204A1 (de) 1974-04-18
DK141385B (da) 1980-03-03
LU66220A1 (hu) 1974-05-09
FR2203979B1 (hu) 1976-07-02
AT363628B (de) 1981-08-25
IT1004562B (it) 1976-07-20
FI53040B (hu) 1977-09-30
BE805244A (fr) 1974-03-25
IL43293A0 (en) 1973-11-28
CA1005875A (en) 1977-02-22

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