US3842613A - System for the discharging of a transport receptacle for liquefied gas - Google Patents

System for the discharging of a transport receptacle for liquefied gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US3842613A
US3842613A US00300271A US30027172A US3842613A US 3842613 A US3842613 A US 3842613A US 00300271 A US00300271 A US 00300271A US 30027172 A US30027172 A US 30027172A US 3842613 A US3842613 A US 3842613A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
receptacle
discharge
relief valve
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00300271A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Becker
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of US3842613A publication Critical patent/US3842613A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL

Definitions

  • a system for transporting liquefied gas and for the discharging of the liquefied gas from a container receiving same under pressure comprises a first pressurerelief valve permanently connected to the container and set to relieve pressures above the desired transport-pressure level and a secondpressure-relief valve temporarily connected in line with the first pressurerelief valve and adapted to relieve pressures in excess of the sum of the transport pressure and the discharge pressure.
  • the second pressure-relief valve is located at the discharge station and the receptacle for the liquefied gas may form part of a seagoing vessel for the transport of liquid methane.
  • Liquefied gas generally derived from a gas field removed from an industrial area in which the gas is consumed, e.g. as a fuel, is transformed from the gaseous state to a liquid, charged into tanks of seagoing vessels at the production site, transported in these vessels over relatively large distances, and discharged from the tanks at a discharge station in the consuming region. It has been found to be economical to use such tanks for the delivery of methane or socalled natural gases to fuel-deficient regions. The transport of liquefied gases of this type has been found to be advantageous also because liquefied-gas fuels generate fewer pollutants upon combustion than solid or liquid products currently employed as fuels in many locations.
  • the transport process produces movement of the stored mass within the receptacle and consequently imparts to the mass kinetic energy which, by inertial action and impact-like transfer, is converted to force applied to the walls of the receptacle.
  • the walls of the receptacle must be capable of withstanding, not only a force corresponding to the product of the relief-valve pressure threshold and the wall area exposed to the pressure, but the transport forces resulting from mechanical action of the body of liquid upon the walls of the receptacle, in addition. Consequently, the walls of such prior-art receptacles must be made relatively thick or reinforced at considerable expense.
  • the load-carrying capacity of a seagoing vessel is sharply limited by the mass of the tanks in which the liquefied gas is carried.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a system of the transport of liquefied gases especially liquid methane in seagoing vessels, whereby the aforementioned disadvantages are obviated.
  • a second pressurerelief valve mounted at the discharge station and connectable in line with the first pressure-relief valve during the discharge operation.
  • the first pressure-relief valve has a threshold corresponding to the predetermined permissible transport pressure, i.e. a pressure slightly above atmospheric, while the second pressurerelief valve has a threshold pressure which is equal to the sum of the discharge pressure and the transport pressure.
  • the first pressure-relief valve is operated to vent the tank when the pressure therein during transport or filling exceeds the transport pressure to a slight extent while the second pressure-relief valve is effective to bleed the tank when, during discharge, the pressure within the vessel exceeds, to a slight extent, the sum of the discharge pressure and the transport pressure.
  • the method aspects of the present invention including process for transporting a liquid, preferably a liquefied gas such as methane which maybe stored at a temperature below its boiling point at ambient pressure, in a pressure-retaining receptacle with the liquid at a pressure at most equal to a predetermined transport pressure (established by the safety requirements and equal to the desired maximum pressure within the receptacle during the entire transport); transporting the receptacle to a discharge location while automatically relieving pressure in the receptacle upon the pressure therein exceeding the transport pressure; and displacing the liquid from the receptacle at the discharge location with a discharge pressure in excess of the transport pressure while automatically relieving any pressure in the receptacle upon the pressure therein exceeding thesum of the transport and discharge pressure.
  • a liquid preferably a liquefied gas such as methane which maybe stored at a temperature below its boiling point at ambient pressure
  • the tank walls during transport must be able to take up only the slight superatmospheric transport pressure and the acceleration and inertial forces of the liquid as well as the gravitational forces resulting from the liquid mass. It is no longer necessary to dimension the tank walls to withstand the discharge pressure in addition to the mechanical forces of transport, since the discharge pressure is applied only at the discharge station when the receptacle is no longer in motion. Moreover, this advantage is achieved without detrimentally affecting safety since the transport-pressure maximum is maintained by the first pressure-relief valve and the discharge-pressure maximum is established by the second pressure-relief valve. The difference in the pressure thresholds of the two valves may be several atmospheres. The vessel wall need only be capable of withstanding the larger of the two forces, the mechanical or acceleration forces and the forces associated with the discharge pressure.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention in the tank-filling stage
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the system of FIG. 1 in the tankemptying or discharge stage;
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram representing still another embodiment of the instant invention.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawing there is shown a diagrammatic transport tank 1 in the form of an upright siphon which may be mounted in a tankship represented at B shown to be disposed at dockside A for the charging of the tanks with liquid methane.
  • the tank 1 is provided with a siphon tube 2', reaching to the bottom of the tank, and formed at its inlet with a valve 5 and a connector 7 which may be of the pressureretaining quickrelease type and is adapted to register with another coupling portion at dockside.
  • the tank 1 is also provided with a line 9 opening into the tank at the top thereof and terminating short of the contents thereof in a full condition of the tank.
  • Line 9' is fitted with a valve 6 for controlling the discharge of gases from the tank during filling and for admitting a pressurizing gas to the tank during discharge.
  • a quick-release pressure coupling 8 is provided for the branch of the line 9' carrying the valve 6.
  • Line 9' is also provided with a permanently attached pressure-relief valve 4 whose discharge side has a connector normally open to the atmosphere but connectable at dockside to a pressure-relief valve 11 as will be apparent hereinafter.
  • connectors 7 and 8 couple a line 2 with the siphon tube 2' and a line 9 with the vent line 9' so that methane may be admitted through the siphon tube to the bottom of the tank while the gases rising in the tank are released via line 9.
  • lines 2 and 9 are joined by the connectors 7 and 8 to siphon tube 2' and vent line 9, while the connector 10 is coupled with a pressure-relief valve 11 in line with the pressure-relief valve 4.
  • the seagoing vessel provided with a multiplicity of the tanks 1, connected in parallel in banks, is brought to dockside (FIG. 1) so that line 2 is connected at 7 to the siphon tube 2' of the tank 1.
  • Line 9 is connected at 8 via the valve 6 to line 9'.
  • the valve 5 is opened and liquefied gas is pumped into the interior of the tank 1 at ambient pressure.
  • the gases within the tank are driven out through the open valve 6 at line 9 for collection, liquefaction or flaring.
  • the pressurerelief valve 4 has a threshold value slightly above atmospheric pressure, e.g. 0.1 atmosphere gauge. Any sudden pressure buildup within the tank during filling is relievcd through this valve.
  • Valves 5 and 6 are closed and the vessel transported to its discharge station. During transport the connector 10 is opened to the atmosphere.
  • any pressure increase within the tank resulting from, for example, a temperature change is compensated by venting at the valve 4 so that the container walls need only withstand the acceleration and inertial forces produced by movement of the shift, any elevated fluid pressure within the tank being eliminated by the low-threshold valve 4.
  • valve 7 When the vessel reaches its discharge station (FIG. 2), the pressure-relief valve 7 is connected at 10 in line with the valve 4 and lines 2 and 9 are connected at 7 and 8 as already described.
  • the valve 11 may have a threshold value of two atmospheres gauge and is fixed at the discharge station.
  • Valve 6 is then opened to admit fluid under pressure (discharge pressure less than two atmospheres) to the line 9' and above the liquid in the tank 1, the valve 6 being opened for this purpose.
  • Valve 5 also open, allows the liquid to be forced out of the tank.
  • Valve 11 prevents the pressure within the tank 1 from exceeding the desired maximum during discharge. Since the discharge pressure is in excess of the transport pressure threshold of relief valve 4, this valve is readily opened when valve 11 becomes effective. Since the vessel is not in motion, the wall of the tank 1 need only withstand the weight of the liquid and the gas pressure developed in the tank. When the tank is fully emptied, valves 5 and 6 are again closed and the connectors 7, Sand 10 opened.
  • FIG. 3 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment which differs from the system of FIGS. 1 and 2 in the sense that a distributing valve 12 is provided between the connector 10, the line 9 and the flaring torch 13.
  • the valve 12 is of the exclusive type, i.e. either the line 13 or the connector 10 are in communication with the relief valve 4 at all times. At no time can both lines 13 and the connector 10 be cut off. In this manner it is possible to shunt gas vented at 4 during transport or filling to a flare or to the atmosphere at 10.
  • a line 15 may be provided to introduce excess gas to the engine of the vessel as controlled by the valve 14.
  • valves 112 and 114 are of the exclusive-position type whereby one of the outlets of each valve is always in communication with its inlet.
US00300271A 1971-10-22 1972-10-24 System for the discharging of a transport receptacle for liquefied gas Expired - Lifetime US3842613A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712152774 DE2152774B1 (de) 1971-10-22 1971-10-22 Einrichtung zum entleeren eines transportbehaelters fuer fluessiggas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3842613A true US3842613A (en) 1974-10-22

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US00300271A Expired - Lifetime US3842613A (en) 1971-10-22 1972-10-24 System for the discharging of a transport receptacle for liquefied gas

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3842613A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4851314A (ja)
DE (1) DE2152774B1 (ja)
ES (1) ES407859A1 (ja)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5540208A (en) * 1994-09-13 1996-07-30 Nabco Limited Liquefied gas fuel supply system
US5572875A (en) * 1994-04-28 1996-11-12 Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. Relief valve construction to minimize ignition hazard from cryogenic storage tanks containing volatile liquids
US6112528A (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-09-05 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Process for unloading pressurized liquefied natural gas from containers
US6202707B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2001-03-20 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method for displacing pressurized liquefied gas from containers
US6237347B1 (en) 1999-03-31 2001-05-29 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method for loading pressurized liquefied natural gas into containers
US6257017B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2001-07-10 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Process for producing a displacement gas to unload pressurized liquefied gas from containers
US20070029330A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-08 Rainer Immel Liquid hydrogen tank with a release pressure above the critical pressure
US20080190117A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2008-08-14 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Lng tank and operation of the same
US20090255274A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-15 Ungar Eugene K System and method for recharging a high pressure gas storage container by transport of a low pressure cryogenic fluid
US20160069515A1 (en) * 2013-05-14 2016-03-10 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Emergency disposal of storage containers
US9506307B2 (en) * 2011-03-16 2016-11-29 Corpro Technologies Canada Ltd. High pressure coring assembly and method
AU2014413034B2 (en) * 2014-12-01 2019-03-14 Chiyoda Corporation Equipment safety management device, equipment safety management method, and natural gas liquefaction device

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5572875A (en) * 1994-04-28 1996-11-12 Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. Relief valve construction to minimize ignition hazard from cryogenic storage tanks containing volatile liquids
US5540208A (en) * 1994-09-13 1996-07-30 Nabco Limited Liquefied gas fuel supply system
US6112528A (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-09-05 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Process for unloading pressurized liquefied natural gas from containers
US6202707B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2001-03-20 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method for displacing pressurized liquefied gas from containers
US6257017B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2001-07-10 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Process for producing a displacement gas to unload pressurized liquefied gas from containers
US6237347B1 (en) 1999-03-31 2001-05-29 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method for loading pressurized liquefied natural gas into containers
US20070029330A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-08 Rainer Immel Liquid hydrogen tank with a release pressure above the critical pressure
US7690208B2 (en) * 2005-08-05 2010-04-06 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Liquid hydrogen tank with a release pressure above the critical pressure
US20080190352A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2008-08-14 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Lng tank ship and operation thereof
US20090211262A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2009-08-27 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Lng tank ship having lng circulating device
US10352499B2 (en) * 2007-02-12 2019-07-16 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. LNG tank and operation of the same
US20080190117A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2008-08-14 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Lng tank and operation of the same
US20130306643A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2013-11-21 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Lng tank and operation of the same
US8820096B2 (en) * 2007-02-12 2014-09-02 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. LNG tank and operation of the same
US8943841B2 (en) 2007-02-12 2015-02-03 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. LNG tank ship having LNG circulating device
US11168837B2 (en) 2007-02-12 2021-11-09 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. LNG tank and operation of the same
US10508769B2 (en) 2007-02-12 2019-12-17 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. LNG tank and operation of the same
US20090255274A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-15 Ungar Eugene K System and method for recharging a high pressure gas storage container by transport of a low pressure cryogenic fluid
US9506307B2 (en) * 2011-03-16 2016-11-29 Corpro Technologies Canada Ltd. High pressure coring assembly and method
US20160069515A1 (en) * 2013-05-14 2016-03-10 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Emergency disposal of storage containers
AU2014413034B2 (en) * 2014-12-01 2019-03-14 Chiyoda Corporation Equipment safety management device, equipment safety management method, and natural gas liquefaction device
US10378762B2 (en) 2014-12-01 2019-08-13 Chiyoda Corporation Equipment safety management device, equipment safety management method, and natural gas liquefaction device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2152774A1 (ja) 1973-05-03
ES407859A1 (es) 1975-10-01
DE2152774B1 (de) 1973-05-03
DE2152774C2 (ja) 1973-11-22
JPS4851314A (ja) 1973-07-19

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