US3841398A - Local conditioning induction-type apparatus employing primary inlet air as a power means for controlling temperature - Google Patents

Local conditioning induction-type apparatus employing primary inlet air as a power means for controlling temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
US3841398A
US3841398A US00336181A US33618173A US3841398A US 3841398 A US3841398 A US 3841398A US 00336181 A US00336181 A US 00336181A US 33618173 A US33618173 A US 33618173A US 3841398 A US3841398 A US 3841398A
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air
damper
damper means
primary air
actuator
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US00336181A
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English (en)
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A Serratto
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/01—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station in which secondary air is induced by injector action of the primary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/81—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the air supply to heat-exchangers or bypass channels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/228—Heat exchange with fan or pump
    • Y10S165/30—Injector-type pump

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In a conditioning apparatus unit to be used in relation with conditioning systems of the type having four pipes for the secondary water, wherein the temperature is controlled by varying the secondary air flow passing through two heat-exchangers and a by-pass section by means of valve assemblies, the valve assemblies are actuated by the primary air feeding the same apparatus at a pressure value comprised in the range between 15 and 100 Kg/m' Each valve assembly relating to a heat-exchanger is operated by an expansion lung fed by the inlet primary air through a valve controlled by a thermostatic device.
  • a linkage mechanically connects the valve assembly of the by-pass section with the valve assemblies of the heat-exchangers in such a manner that when one of the valve assemblies relating to the heat-exchanger is at least partially open, the other valve assembly is locked in the close position and only the by-pass valve assembly can be operated by the said one valve assembly.
  • a given position of the by-pass valve assembly is associated and in particular to the open position of one of them the by-pass valve is closed.
  • the present invention relates to a local conditioning induction-type apparatus for conditioning systems with four pipes of the secondary water and wherein the temperature is controlled by varying the secondary air flow passing through the heat-exchangers and a py-pass section, having valve assemblies for varying said air flow which are actuated by the same primary inlet air, at the usual feeding pressure of such air.
  • the induction-type conditioning apparatus for systems with four pipes of the secondary water essentially comprise a plenum chamber (possibly provided with a silencer) where primary air is fed at a pressure usually in a range of values from 15 to I Kg/m a row of nozzles wherein this pressure is converted into kinetic energy and then velocity; two water- /air heat-exchangers, one fed by cooled water and the other by hot water; a by-pass section; valve assemblies for guiding the secondary air sucked from the room into a chamber which is placed downstream of the nozzles exclusively through either of the heat-exchangers, or the by-pass section only, the whole being constructed and connected so as to form a single unit.
  • actuators which may be pneumatic, electromagnetic or electronic.
  • pneumatic actuators When pneumatic actuators are used, one or morecompressors compress air at a pressure of 70,00080,000 Kg/m within suitable reservoirs from which compressed air, upon filtering, drying and pressure releasing to about I 1,000 Kg/m is fed to all the control devices, in this specific case thermostats, by means of copper, steel or plastic material tubes. Air outflows from each thermostat at a pressure variable in a range from 0 to 1,100 Kg/m and the value of the varying pressure is a function of the temperature sensed by the thermostat, which in turn is connected with one or more actuators through other tubes, usually of copper or plastics.
  • a compression station is therefore necessary and also a distribution system for the compressed air, with rather high costs of installation and operation.
  • the induction-type conditioning apparatus comprising valve assemblies for varying the secondary air flow through the heat-exchangers and the by-pass section, is characterized by the fact that each valve assembly associated with a heat exchanger is actuated by an expansion lung fed by the inlet primary air through a valve controlled by a thermostatic device, there being provided means adapted to connect the valve assembly of the by-pass section with the valve assemblies of the heat-exchangers and interlocking means for preventing secondary air from passing contemporarily through the two heatexchangers.
  • the main advantage of the conditioning apparatus of the invention is given by the fact that, in comparison with the prior art apparatus, an air compression station and a distribution line of the compressed air are no more necessary for the temperature control device in the case of pneumatic control. On the other hand there is neither necessity of electric or electronic actuators and relative conductors for the connection with the thermostat in case of this type of control, thus highly reducing the cost of the apparatus itself.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the conditioning apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c are cross-sectional views, respectively along lines A-A, B-B, CC of a thermostat of the conditioning apparatus of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic side view of the apparatus, showing in particular the linkage interconnecting the valve assemblies of the heat-exchangers and of the bypass section;
  • FIGS. 4a to 4e show some details of the linkage of FIG. 3.
  • a local conditioning induction-type apparatus for a four-pipes conditioning system having a temperature control by means of variation of the secondary air flow passing through two heatexchangers and a by-pass section comprises a plenum chamber 1 of the primary air possibly provided with deadening panels 2, 3 and air-jet nozzles 4.
  • the potential energy of the primary air (static pressure) is converted into kinetic energy in the chamber 5 downstream of the nozzles, where a low pressure zone is created.
  • the rear panel for closing the apparatus is indicated by 6 and '7 is the top outlet of the mixture of primary and secondary air, sucked through one of the heat-exchangers 8, 11 and/or the by-pass section 10 by means of the depression within chamber 5.
  • upper heat-exchanger 8 will be preferably that for cooling the secondary air and is provided with a water trap 9, while the heat-exchanger 11 is preferably for heating the secondary air.
  • an inner baffle 12 for improving the induction properties of the apparatus.
  • the valve assembly for controlling the inlet of secondary air through the heat-exchanger 8 has reference number 13, and 14 is the corresponding expansion lung having a protective bellows 15, while 16 is the reference number of at least one return spring of the valve assembly 13.
  • 17 is the valve assembly for controlling the inlet of secondary air passing through the heat-exchanger 11, provided with an actuating lung 18 and corresponding protective bellows 19, as well as one or more return springs 20.
  • the by-pass section 10, through which passes the secondary air without being treated, is also provided with a valve assembly 21 rotatably mounted on a pivot 24; similarly the valve assembly 13 is mounted on a pivot 22 and the valve assembly 17 on a pivot 23.
  • Air-tight seal gaskets have been referred to by 25.
  • each expansion lung 14, 18 communicates with one of the three ports of a thermostat shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, 20.
  • This thermostat substantially comprises a casing 34, a cover 35, a temperature responsive element such as a bimetallic spiral 36 with calibration device 37, a seal bellows 38 of plastic material and two pneumatic valves 39, 40.
  • Each valve 39, 40 comprises respectively a ribbed slide guide 41, 42, a shutter 43, 44 and a return spring 45, 46 for elastically taking up the further stroke of the thermostatic element when the shutter is closed.
  • the two shutters 43, 44 slide within the two ribbed guides 41, 42 along and pin 47 an are actuated by a control yoke 48 rigidly connected to the bimetallic spiral 36.
  • the valve 39 communicates with a port 50 having laterally a the aperture 52, while to th valve 40 corresponds a port 51 having a lateral vent aperture 53.
  • a port 49 common to the both valves, which is connected through a tube of rubber or plastics with the plenum chamber 1 of primary air through a fitting54 (FIG. 1).
  • Port 50 is instead connected with the lung 14 of the heat-exchanger 8 through a fitting 56 (FIG; 1) and port 51 with lung 18 of the heatexchanger 11 through a fitting 55 (FIG. 1).
  • both the pneumatic valves 39, 40 are open in the position represented at FIG. 2a, thereby the primary air from the port 49 feeds at the same time both the lungs 14, 18 which thus maintain the valve assemblies 13, 17 in a closed position. Therefore the secondary air is prevented from passing through the heatexchangers 8, 11 while the bypass valve assembly 21 is in the position c"'--c"' shown by phantom lines at FIG. 1. At this stage the air flow from the two ports 52, 53 is lower than that entering the two valves.
  • the bypass valve assembly 21 is connected with the valve assemblies 13, 17 by means of a linkage an embodiment of which is shown by way of example at FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • This linkage has the function of allowing the by-pass valve assembly 21 to be actuated either by the valve assembly 13 alone or by the valve assembly 17 alone, at the same time locking the other valve assembly until the one which is in movement reaches its stop position, corresponding to the complete interruption of the passage of secondary air through the relative heat-exchanger.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a side view of the apparatus, namely of the left side from the point of view of the heat-exchanger and by-pass section side.
  • the pivots 22, 23 for the rotation of valve assemblies 13, 17 are provided with two cranks 26, 27 which are fixedly connected, through two rods 28, 29 of adjustable length, with two racks 30, 31.
  • the racks by engagement with a sector gear 32, fixedly mounted on the pivot 24 for the rotation of the by-pass valve assembly, cause the latter to rotate.
  • the spring 33 has the function of maintaning at a rest position the by-pass valve assembly 21, which position corresponding to the complete open position C"'c"' (see FIG. 1).
  • both the cranks 26, 27 are in position a-a and b-b (FIGS. 4a, 4b), corresponding to both the valve assemblies closed, and the pawls of the two levers are both engaged by the teeth of the racks, which therefore are allowed to slide.
  • 62, 62 are referred to the supports of respectively springs 60, 60', rigidly fixed to the side 66 of the apparatus.
  • Two rollers 64, 65, mounted on a shaft 63 ensure the contact between sector gear 32 and racks 30, 31 respectively.
  • the bimetallic element 36 biases the yoke 48 so that the latter, by compressing the spring 46, moves the shutter 44 to the right-hand gradually closing the inlet of primary air to the port 51, until shutter 44 engages the head of the right end of pin 47.
  • the shutter 43 is also moved to the right-hand completely opening the port 50.
  • both the valve assemblies can open, as soon as one of them moves from the closed position, this immediately prevents any movement of the other.
  • both the valves will be contemporarily caused to close, as explained hereabove, but in view of avoiding that the opening of both the valve assemblies occurs due to incidental rude movements, eg a manual knock.
  • port 51 is completely closed, lung 18 at the atmospheric pressure, valve assembly 17 at the position b'-b' of FIG. 1, that is completely open, corresponding to the position b'b' of the crank 27 FIG. 4b), by-pass valve 21 at the position cc", that is completely closed, and valve assembly 13 at the position 0-0 of FIG. 1, that is completely obstructing the passage of air through the lowtemperature beat-exchanger.
  • valve assembly 13 detects an increase of temperature until reaching the full cooling stage wherein valve assembly 13 is in a position of complete opening a'-a, by-pass valve assembly 21 closed at cc' and valve assembly 17 completely closed at the position b-b.
  • the three valve assemblies can obviously have all the intermediate positions from the full heating stage to the full cooling stage, because the position of the two pneumatic valves of the thermostat, the air passing therethrough and flowing from the two ports 52, 53 give rise to variable pressure conditions within the two lungs with the consequence that the valve assemblies can cover all the intermediate positions with interlocked movements, but in such a manner that while valve 13 moves from a'-a' to 0-0, by-pass valve moves from c"-c" to c"'-c"' and subsequently while valves 17 moves from b-b to b'-b', by-pass valves moves from c"'c" to c'c'.
  • valve assemblies by means of the primary air at the relatively low pressure employed by induction-type systems is possible due to the large contact surfaces existing between lungs and valve assemblies, which are essentially given by the whole surface of the valves themselves, to the fact that the valve assemblies rotate on anti-friction bearings, and to the very low difference of pressure between the two surface of the control valve assemblies.
  • the by-pass section is not absolutely necessary and it may be eliminated, as stated above, as well as the valve assemblies 21 and the linkage shown at FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the kinetic energy of the primary air is substantially the same throughout the apparatus unit, from the nozzle 4 to the outlet 7 due to the fact that there is no passage of air through the two heat-exchangers, closed by the valve assemblies.
  • the induction apparatus of the present invention may be shipped from the production to the installation place with the plenum chamber and expansion lungs, thus reducing further installation time and costs. Furthermore only one thermostat can control a plurality of conditioning apparatus which causes the setting up costs to be sunstantially reduced.
  • a source of primary air including: plenum means located in said housing for conducting said primary air, and nozzle means for issuing a primary air stream from said plenum means;
  • first heat exchanger means being positioned in the path of said first air inlet to cool air entering said housing via said first air inlet
  • said second heat exchanger means being positioned in the path of said second air inlet to heat air entering said housing via said second air inlet
  • said third air inlet serving as a by-pass inlet to permit entry of untreated air into said housing
  • first actuable damper means movable between extreme opened and closed positions to proportion air inflow through said first air inlet and having a front surface configured to block air flow through said first air inlet when said first damper means is in its closed position, said first damper means also including a rear surface;
  • first bias means for continuously urging said first damper means towards its opened position
  • a first actuator compartment located in said housing and defined on at least one side by the rear surface of said first damper means;
  • first inflatable and expansible actuator means disposed in said first compartment for urging said first damper means towards its opened position to a degree determined by the degree of inflation of said first actuator means
  • second actuable damper means movable between extreme opened and closed positions to proportion air inflow through said second air inlet and having a front surface configured to block air flow through said second air inlet when said second damper means is in its closed position, said second damper means also including a rear surface;
  • a second actuator compartment located in said housing and defined on at least one side by the rear surface of said second damper means;
  • second inflatable and expansible actuator means disposed in said second compartment for urging said second damper means towards its opened position to a degree determined by the degree of inflation of said second actuator means
  • control means for controllably inflating and deflating said-first and second actuator means with primary air
  • said control means including thermostatic valve means responsive to the temperature in an environment being conditioned by said primary air stream for inflating one and deflating the other of said first and second actuator means with primary air;
  • third actuable damper means movable to two extreme closed positions through an opened position to proportion air inflow through said third air inlet
  • linkage means for connecting said first and second damper means to said third damper means such that said third damper means is in its opened position and permits maximum air flow through said third air inlet when both of said first and second damper means are closed.
  • thermostatic valve means includes first and second valves connected to receive primary air through a common feeding port, said valves having respective outlet ports connected in parallel and feeding said first and second inflatable actuators, respectively, said valves being arranged so that at least one of said outlet ports is open at any time to feed said primary air to inflate its associated inflatable actuator and thereby close the corresponding one of said first and second damper means, said system further including bias means for maintaining said first and second damper means open when the associated inflatable actuator is deflated, whereby contemporaneous opening of both said first and second damper means is prevented.
  • first and second valves each includes a vent aperture for discharging primary air from the associated inflatable actuator when said each valve is closed, thereby causing the associated one of said first and second damper means to open.
  • thermostatic valve means is responsive to a predetermined reference temperature in the environment being conditioned for partially opening both said first and second valves, whereby said first and second actuators maintain said first and second damper means closed, the rate of air discharge from said vent apertures being less than the rate of primary air flow through said common feeding port.
  • thermostatic valve means is responsive to the temperature in said conditioned environment being less than a predetermined reference temperature for blocking primary air inflow to said second inflatable actuator, whereby secondary air flows through said second heat exchanger means, and wherein said thermostatic valve means is responsive to the temperature in said conditioned environment being greater than said predetermined reference temperature for blocking primary air inflow to said first inflatable actuator whereby secondary air flows through said first heat exchanger means.
  • a local conditioning induction-type apparatus for conditioning systems with four pipes of secondary water comprising:
  • first and second heat exchangers each arranged to have said secondary water flowed therethrough via a respective pair of said four pipes;
  • a primary air flow section through which primary air is directed to flow, and including an aspiration opening through which secondary air flow is aspirated by primary air flow;
  • first and second damper means for controlling the temperature of said primary air flow for controlling secondary air flow to said aspiration opening through said first and second heat exchangers, re-
  • damper means for controlling the temperature of said primary air flow by controlling secondary air flow to said aspiration opening through said bypass flow section
  • first and second expansion lung actuator means for alternatively opening and closing said first and second damper means, respectively;
  • thermostatically controlled valve means for conducting primary air to inflate said first and second expansion lung means in response to temperature conditions in an environment being conditioned by said primary air;
  • interlock means for preventing secondary air from passing contemporarily through said first and second heat exchangers
  • said third damper means is biased open at a rest position by a return spring and is rotatably mounted on a pivot about which it is rotatable between two closed positions symmetrically disposed relative to said rest position;
  • said connecting means comprises a sector gear rigidly mounted on said rotation pivot of said third damper means, which sector gear meshes at the same time with two racks, each rack being connected witth one of said first and second damper means, said interlock means being provided for preventing any one of said racks from moving when the other rack is operated by the movement of the associated damper means.
  • said interlock means comprises two identical and symmetric leverspivotedly mounted on the same rotation pivot of said sector gear, each lever having a pawl adapted to be engaged by one of said racks and a bracket means adapted to engage an end of the other rack, both said levers being capable of rotating against the action of contrasting spring means as said pawl of one lever is engaged by a tooth of the associated rack, thereby disengaging said bracket means from the other rack.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
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US00336181A 1972-03-01 1973-02-27 Local conditioning induction-type apparatus employing primary inlet air as a power means for controlling temperature Expired - Lifetime US3841398A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/703,390 USRE30034E (en) 1972-03-01 1976-07-08 Local conditioning induction-type apparatus employing primary inlet air as a power means for controlling temperature

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT21255/72A IT949757B (it) 1972-03-01 1972-03-01 Apparecchio condizionatore locale ad induzione in cui la temperatura viene regolata impiegando come agente motore l aria primaria di alimentazione

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US (1) US3841398A (de)
JP (1) JPS5129350B2 (de)
AT (1) AT324629B (de)
BE (1) BE796149A (de)
CA (1) CA987907A (de)
CH (1) CH558503A (de)
DE (1) DE2365885A1 (de)
ES (1) ES412079A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2174248B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1433521A (de)
IT (1) IT949757B (de)
NL (1) NL154822B (de)
NO (1) NO136505C (de)
SE (1) SE407618B (de)
ZA (1) ZA731367B (de)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4031951A (en) * 1973-11-21 1977-06-28 Luwa Ag Air climatizing device
US4537035A (en) * 1984-05-04 1985-08-27 Stiles Jack L Air conditioning system
US20190086104A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2019-03-21 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Induction displacement unit

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3012593C2 (de) * 1980-04-01 1987-05-07 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad Gmbh, Zweigniederlassung Kolbingen, 7201 Kolbingen Fensterblasgerät zur Klimatisierung von Räumen
GB2123947A (en) * 1982-06-25 1984-02-08 British Leyland Cars Ltd Ventilation ducts for motor vehicles
FI84857C (fi) * 1987-09-15 1992-01-27 Ilmaterae Oy Reglerings- och staenganordning foer gasstroemmar.
FI120245B (fi) * 2004-04-23 2009-08-14 Halton Oy Tuloilmalaite
JP6739001B2 (ja) * 2016-12-15 2020-08-12 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 空気調和機

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US2109650A (en) * 1937-07-08 1938-03-01 Johnson Service Co Control for air conditioning systems
US3120344A (en) * 1962-07-09 1964-02-04 Worthington Corp Control means for an induction circulator unit
US3172463A (en) * 1959-06-30 1965-03-09 Carrier Corp Air conditioning units
US3208508A (en) * 1961-12-15 1965-09-28 Carrier Corp Air conditioning system and method
US3213928A (en) * 1962-05-29 1965-10-26 American Radiator & Standard Air conditioner damper control
US3452811A (en) * 1967-04-27 1969-07-01 Carrier Corp Air conditioning unit
US3470945A (en) * 1966-08-27 1969-10-07 Friedrich H Schmidt Air conditioning apparatus
US3512578A (en) * 1967-08-24 1970-05-19 Ltg Lufttechnisch Gmbh Air conditioner
US3623542A (en) * 1969-10-31 1971-11-30 Carrier Corp Control of air-conditioning apparatus
US3730430A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-05-01 Fluidtech Corp Thermovalve
US3744556A (en) * 1970-11-25 1973-07-10 Carrier Corp Air distribution system

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NL264045A (de) * 1960-05-05 1900-01-01
US3411711A (en) * 1967-08-25 1968-11-19 Carrier Corp Control mechanism

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2109650A (en) * 1937-07-08 1938-03-01 Johnson Service Co Control for air conditioning systems
US3172463A (en) * 1959-06-30 1965-03-09 Carrier Corp Air conditioning units
US3208508A (en) * 1961-12-15 1965-09-28 Carrier Corp Air conditioning system and method
US3213928A (en) * 1962-05-29 1965-10-26 American Radiator & Standard Air conditioner damper control
US3120344A (en) * 1962-07-09 1964-02-04 Worthington Corp Control means for an induction circulator unit
US3470945A (en) * 1966-08-27 1969-10-07 Friedrich H Schmidt Air conditioning apparatus
US3452811A (en) * 1967-04-27 1969-07-01 Carrier Corp Air conditioning unit
US3512578A (en) * 1967-08-24 1970-05-19 Ltg Lufttechnisch Gmbh Air conditioner
US3623542A (en) * 1969-10-31 1971-11-30 Carrier Corp Control of air-conditioning apparatus
US3744556A (en) * 1970-11-25 1973-07-10 Carrier Corp Air distribution system
US3730430A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-05-01 Fluidtech Corp Thermovalve

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4031951A (en) * 1973-11-21 1977-06-28 Luwa Ag Air climatizing device
US4537035A (en) * 1984-05-04 1985-08-27 Stiles Jack L Air conditioning system
US20190086104A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2019-03-21 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Induction displacement unit
US11668475B2 (en) * 2013-02-20 2023-06-06 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Induction displacement unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO136505C (no) 1977-09-14
IT949757B (it) 1973-06-11
JPS48100946A (de) 1973-12-19
DE2365885A1 (de) 1976-10-14
NL154822B (nl) 1977-10-17
DE2309692B2 (de) 1976-12-02
FR2174248B1 (de) 1977-12-30
NO136505B (de) 1977-06-06
DE2309692A1 (de) 1973-09-06
GB1433521A (en) 1976-04-28
ES412079A1 (es) 1976-06-16
BE796149A (fr) 1973-07-02
AU5273473A (en) 1974-08-29
SE407618B (sv) 1979-04-02
AT324629B (de) 1975-09-10
CA987907A (en) 1976-04-27
FR2174248A1 (de) 1973-10-12
CH558503A (it) 1975-01-31
NL7302907A (de) 1973-09-04
JPS5129350B2 (de) 1976-08-25
ZA731367B (en) 1973-11-28

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