US3840630A - Process for preparing coalesced spandex multifilaments - Google Patents

Process for preparing coalesced spandex multifilaments Download PDF

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US3840630A
US3840630A US00188368A US18836871A US3840630A US 3840630 A US3840630 A US 3840630A US 00188368 A US00188368 A US 00188368A US 18836871 A US18836871 A US 18836871A US 3840630 A US3840630 A US 3840630A
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filaments
filament
coalesced
jet
fluid
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S Yamada
I Takahashi
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Teijin Ltd
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Teijin Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/04—Devices for imparting false twist
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/70—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyurethanes

Definitions

  • a process for preparing coalesced spandex multifilaments which comprises extruding a solvent solution or melt of a spandex polymer through a spinneret having a plurality of orifices to form a plurality of separate filaments, passing the so formed filaments through a first vortical zone, the fluid of which circulates in a given direction to impart to the plurality of separate filaments, by application thereto of a unidirectional rotational moment, a false twist which extends back along the line of the filaments to a point at which the filaments are in a sufliciently plasticized state to adhere to each other, thereby forming a false-twisted coalesced multifilament, followed by passing the false-twisted coalesced multifilament through a second vortical zone the fluid of which circulates in a direction counter to that of the circulating fluid of the first vortical zone, thereby removing the false twist by application of a rotational moment
  • This invention relates to a process for preparing spandex multifilaments in which the individual filaments are in coalescence with one another.
  • the spandex filaments obtained by dryor melt-spinning possess tackiness immediately after their extrusion. Therefore, it is well known that if a plurality of spandex filaments are brought together immediately after they have been extruded from a spinneret having a plurality of orifices, a coalesced multifilament bundle is obtained.
  • the coalesced multifilament is superior to the single spandex filament yarn in the point that such a yarn is not easily broken in the subsequent processing steps.
  • a process which comprises extruding a solvent solution or a melt of a spandex polymer through a spinneret having a plurality of orifices to form a plurality of separate filaments.
  • the so formed filaments are passed through a first vortical zone in which the flow of the vortex is in a given direction to impart to the plurality of separate filaments, by application thereto of a rotational moment in one direction, a false twist which extends back along the line of the filaments to a point at which the filaments are in a sufficiently plasticized state to adhere to each other, thereby forming a false-twisted, coalesced multifilament.
  • the spandex multifilament is usually produced in the following manner: (a) a dryor wet-spinning method which comprises spinning a polyurethane polymer solution from a spinneret into a dry medium or a coagulating bath to solidify the filaments, (b) a melt-spinning method which comprises heat-melting the polyurethane polymer and spinning the melt from a spinneret into a cooling medium to cool and solidify the filaments, or (c) a reaction spinning method which comprises carrying out the concurrent spinning and reaction of the several reaction components which are capable of forming the I polyurethane polymer.
  • the process of the present invention is applicable where the yarn is prepared by either the dryor melt-spinning technique.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are each drawings for illustrating the modes of practicing the invention, each being a sectional view of apparatus for preparing a spandex multifilament;
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are each drawings illustrating the designs of jet twisters suitable for use in the invention, the
  • FIG. 1 which illustrates an instance in which the spinning is by the dry technique
  • the polyurethane polymer solution is spun from a spinneret 1 into filaments, which, while traveling through a spinning cell 2 to which a dry hot gas stream is introduced from the top, have solvent removed by evaporation to thereby solidify and form multifilaments Y.
  • a vortex of gas circulating is a given direction is exerted on the multifilament at a first jet twister 5 disposed below the spinning cell to impart a false twist to the multifilaments.
  • the topmost part T of this false twist extends back into the spinning cell 2.
  • the individual filaments of the multifilament in a plasticized state inside the spinning cell become coalesced with one another as a result of this false twist.
  • the coalesced filaments Y the individual filaments of which have been coalesced by having been imparted a false twist by the first jet twister 5, proceed to a second jet twister 6 while still retaining the imparted false twist.
  • a vortex of gas circulating in a direction counter to that of the first jet twister is exerted on the false-twisted filaments, with the consequence that the filaments are applied a rotational moment counter to the false twist remaining in the coalesced filaments, thereby removing the false twist essentially completely.
  • the coalesced filaments arrives at the first godet roll 7 in a state substantially free of twist and are wound up by means of the winding apparatus (not shown) via an oiling roll 8 and a second godet roll 9.
  • FIG. 2 which illustrates an instance where the spinning is carried out by the melt technique
  • the polyurethane polymer melt spun from a spinneret 1' is cooled and solidified in a spinning cell 2' by means of cool air blown to the freshly spun filaments through a plurality of perforations, thereby forming filaments Y.
  • the filaments pass through a first jet twister 5' which uses water for imparting a false twist to the filaments by a torque thereof, with the consequence that the individual filaments are adhered to one another.
  • the false-twisted filaments proceed to a second jet twister 6' which uses air.
  • an untwisting operation is carried out by means of a vortex of air circulating in a counter direction.
  • coalesced filaments substantially free of twist are wound up as in the same operation as in FIG. 1.
  • the vortex for use in imparting a false twist to the filament in this invention and in untwisting the false twist remaining in the filaments conveniently available are the vortex of liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas. While air is most advantageous from the commercial stand point, steam, combustion gas as well as other inert gases are also available. On the other hand, water is a commercially advantageous liquid, but other inert liquids can also be used.
  • the vortices circulating in directions counter to each other may be both fluids of the same class as in the case of FIG. 1, or one may be a gas and the other may be a liquid as in the case of FIG. 2. Further, if a finishing agent is dispersed or dissolved in the gas or liquid which is used, the subsequent finishing operation can be omitted.
  • the jet twister by which the circulating fluid exerts a torque on the filaments can be of any design as long as it is one which can impart an effective rotational moment by means of a circulating stream. While the jet twister mentioned in US. Pat. 3,094,374 can be used, particularly suitable is one which not only imparts a torque on the filaments but also has a propellant action.
  • FIGS. 35 illustrate such jet twisters which are conveniently used in the invention.
  • 10 is the central hole through which the filaments pass
  • 11 is the feed inlet for the fluid
  • 12 is the orifice for introducing the fluid into the central hole.
  • the jet twister is of such a design that the filament inlet side of the central hole is made small, while the outlet side is made large; or as in FIGS. 4 and 5, the disposition of the fluid orifices is so designed that the fluid is jetted obliquely downwardly, thereby ensuring that the whole or a major part of the vortex proceeds downwardly as it circulates in the central hole 10.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the filament inlet of the central hole to the diameter of the filament outlet is preferably 1:1.5-1 10, a ratio of 1:21:3 being still more preferable.
  • the size of the inlet and outlet will depend on the denier of the coalesced filament. Usually one is used in which the diameter of the inlet ranges between w/denier.
  • a twister which is a modification of the type shown in FIG. 3, such as a type having a pipe of an inside diameter somewhat larger than that of the central hole 10 joined at the outlet end of the twister and extending straightly and downwardly therefrom is conveniently used. By a provision such as this, the excessive ballooning of the filament, which has emerged from the twister, can be prevented.
  • the false twist may be imparted gradually by passing the filaments successively through two jet twisters each having vortical fluid circulating in the same direction, following which the filament is untwisted by passing through one or more jet twisters having a vortical fluid circulating in a counter direction.
  • the intensities of the vortex used for carrying out the false twisting and that used for carrying out the untwisting must be suitably chosen in accordance with the denier of the filaments, the spinning speed, the design of the jet twisters and kind of the fluid used.
  • a rate of flow ratio based on the amount of flow of the two vortices in a range of 2: 1-1 :2 is to be preferred.
  • the preferable rates of the fluid flows are as shown in Table A.
  • the spandex polymers i.e. segmented polyurethanes, from which the invention spandex multifilament is prepared, are generally prepared from hydroxyl-terminated prepolymers, such as hydroxyl-terminated polyethers and polyesters of low molecular weight. Reaction of the prepolymer with a molar excess of organic diisocyanate, preferably an aromatic diisocyanate, produces an isocyanate-terminated material which may then be chainextended with a difunctional, active-hydrogen containing compound, such as water, hydrazine, organic diamines, glycols, aminoalcohols, aminohydrazide, etc.
  • a difunctional, active-hydrogen containing compound such as water, hydrazine, organic diamines, glycols, aminoalcohols, aminohydrazide, etc.
  • segmented polyurethanes of this type are described in several patents and are useful in the practice of this invention. Among these are US. Pats. 2,929,800, 2,929,801, 2,929,802, 2,929,804, 2,957,852, 2,962,470, 2,965,437, and 3,467,626. As taught by the aforementioned patents, many of the segmented polyurethanes when in filament form display elongations at break in excess of 200%, elastic recovery (or tensile recovery) of above about 90%, and stress decay of below about 20%.
  • the segmented polyurethanes are preferably prepared by carrying out the polymerization reaction in the solvent to be used for spinning. Conventional procedures may be used for preparing such polymer solutions. Solvents which have been found satisfactory for use in the dry spinning operation include N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N dimethylacetamide, tetramethylenesulfone, formic acid, and mixtures of 1,1,2-trichloroethane with formic acid.
  • the fiber obtained in accordance with the invention process is suitably used for lingerie, girdles, corsets, wig bases, and woven and nonwoven fabrics.
  • Coefficiency of variance of denier(%) wherein 55 is an average value of weight of 18 cm. length filaments; and a is the standard deviation. Thirty samples are measured and the sampling is carried out in the following manner: First, 10 samples are taken successively along the length of the filament. Then 20 samples are taken along the length of the filament at S-meter intervals.
  • (b) Number of residual twists The number of residual twists is determined in the following manner. A filament 10 cm, in length is observed when relaxed in a loop state to determine whether the filament twists as a result of the false twist remaining in it. This determination is made times in succession on filaments each 10 cm. in length. The number of case in which a twist is present is designated the number of residual twists.
  • Degree of roundness is an indication of the flatness of the coalesced filament and is shown by the ratio of the minimum diameter of the cross section of the coalesced multifilament to the maximum diameter thereof. The larger this value, the more round the cross section of the filament (the maximum value is 1.00); while the smaller this value, the flatter the filament.
  • An isocyanate-terminated prepolymer was obtained by reacting polytetramethylene glycol (molecular weight 2000) with 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate at a mol ratio of 1:2.
  • a solution of the so obtained prepolymer in dimethylformamide and a dimethylformamide solution of beta-aminopropionic acid hydrozide were mixed, and by effecting the chain extension in the solution a polyurethane polymer solution of 30% concentration was obtained.
  • a spinning dope which was spun from a spinneret preheated at 105 C. into a spinning cell heated at 180 C. Hot air of 180 C. was blown into the spinning cell from the upper part thereof and discharged from the lower part of the cell along with the evaporated solvent.
  • the freshly spun filaments were imparted a false twist by means of a vortex at a first jet twister disposed directly below the spinning cell, thus causing the coalescence of the individual filaments of the multifilament inside the spinning cell.
  • the false-twisted filament which then entered a second jet twister disposed below the first twister, was untwisted by a vortex circulating in a counter direction.
  • the filament then was wound up on a friction winder at the rate of 400 meters per minute via a first godet roll, an oiling roll and a second godet roll.
  • a coalesced filament (440 denier/ 42 filaments) substantially free of twist was obtained.
  • Experiment C was a comparative experiment which was carried out to show the effects on properties of the filament when the interval bet-ween the jet twisters was close.
  • the coalesced filament was prepared as in Experiment A, but with the interval between the first and second jet twister shortened to a distance of 0.5 cm.
  • the actions of the vortices of the first and second jet twisters exert on the filament forces which are counterdirectional to each other brought an unfavorable interactive effect on the filament such as to aggravate the stability of ballooning of the filament to result in worsening the uniformity and the roundness of the filament.
  • Control 1 In preparing a coalesced filament under the conditions of Example l-(A), instead of untwisting the filament with the second jet twister, an attempt was made to remove the twist and take up the filament by applying a tension to the filament by the method taught in U.S. Pat. 3,094,- 374. However, the filament would slip off the roll and it could not be taken up, since the twist remaining was great. So a hook was disposed between the first jet twister and the first godet roll, and by applying tension by rubbing the filament against the hook, the twist was removed and the filament was taken up.
  • a spandex multifilament denier/8 filaments was obtained using the same dope as in Example 1 and op erating under substantially the same conditions.
  • Control 2 The spinning of the filaments was carried out under the conditions given in Example 2, disposing a single jet twister below the spinning cell to carry out the false twisting operation, followed by removing the twist under tension with or without the use of a hook.
  • Example 103 1 Identical to that of Example 2(D). h ientical to that of Example 103).
  • EXAMPLE 3 To a mixture of polytetramethylene glycol (molecular weight about 1600) and polyethylenepropylene adipate (molecular weight 1100) was added 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate in an amount such that the isocyanate groups are contained at a ratio of 1.15 to the hydroxyl groups, and as a result of the reaction, a spinning dope of 180 C. and 1100 poises was obtained. In this case, 2% of titanium dioxide was added with the polytetramethylene glycol.
  • this spinning dope was defoamed and filtered, it was extruded through a spinneret (spinneret temperature 200 C.) having 5 orifices each 0.5 mm. in diameter into a spinning cell 5 meters in length. Room temperature air was introduced into the spinning cell for cooling the freshly spun filaments.
  • the solidified filaments emerging from the spinning cell were then imparted a false twist by means of a vortex at a first jet twister disposed directly below the spinning cell, thereby effecting the coalescence of the individual filaments of the yarn inside the spinning cell.
  • the untwisted filament was then taken up via a first godet roll and after application of a finishing agent at the oiling roll was wound up by means of a friction winder at the rate of 450 meters per minute via a second godet roll.
  • Second jet twister Design That of FIG. 4. Fluid Hot air (100 C.). Rate of flow (L/min.) 35.
  • Example 3 was repeated except that as the first jet twister that of FIG. 3 was employed, and as the fluid, air was introduced at the rate of 25 liters per minute, and instead of the second jet twister a hook was used. The experiment was otherwise carried out as in Example 10 3. As a result, a coalesced filament of 231 denier and having the properties shown in Table 3-2, below, was obtained.
  • a process for preparing a coalesced spandex multifilament which comprises extruding a solvent solution or melt of a spandex polymer through a spinneret having a plurality of orifices to form a plurality of separate filaments, passing the so formed filaments through a first vortical zone, the fluid of which circulates in a given direction to impart to said plurality of separate filaments, by application thereto of a unidirectional rotational moment, a false twist which extends back along the line of the filaments to a point at which the filaments are in a sufliciently plasticized state to adhere to each other, thereby forming a false-twisted coalesced multifilament, followed by passing said false-twisted coalesced multifilament through a second vortical zone, the fluid of which circulates in a direction counter to that of the circulating fluid of the first vortical zone, thereby removing said false twist by application of a rotational moment in a direction counter to that applied in the first vor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US00188368A 1970-10-15 1971-10-12 Process for preparing coalesced spandex multifilaments Expired - Lifetime US3840630A (en)

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JP (1) JPS4833764B1 (de)
BE (1) BE774023A (de)
CA (1) CA964020A (de)
DE (1) DE2151486A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2110461B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1350948A (de)
NL (1) NL146547B (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3996324A (en) * 1973-09-22 1976-12-07 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing oriented continuous yarns
US4019311A (en) * 1973-07-18 1977-04-26 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a multifilament texturized yarn
US4081948A (en) * 1976-02-17 1978-04-04 Ernest Scragg & Sons Limited Manufacture of bulked yarn
US4300343A (en) * 1978-07-27 1981-11-17 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gut
US4328055A (en) * 1978-07-27 1982-05-04 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gut
US4637207A (en) * 1984-05-17 1987-01-20 W. Schlafhorst & Co. Pneumatic spinning method and pneumatic spinning device
US5366362A (en) * 1989-12-22 1994-11-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Froce Apparatus for extruding a single aromatic heterocyclic polymeric fiber
US5499911A (en) * 1992-02-17 1996-03-19 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for spinning of polyurethane elastic filaments
US5534334A (en) * 1992-09-10 1996-07-09 Toray Industries, Inc. Base fabric for ink ribbons
WO2017200900A1 (en) 2016-05-20 2017-11-23 Invista North America S.A R.L. Non-round solution spun spandex filaments and methods and devices for production thereof
CN110318106A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2019-10-11 郑州中远氨纶工程技术有限公司 一种高回弹粗旦氨纶及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL150527B (nl) * 1974-08-21 1976-08-16 Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv Valstwistorgaan alsmede de werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van twistloos of nagenoeg twistloos garen en voor het aanbrengen van kleurstoffen in getwist garen met behulp van dit valstwistorgaan.
EP1038997A1 (de) * 1999-03-26 2000-09-27 Schärer Schweiter Mettler AG Vorrichtung zur Luftverwirbelung mindestens eines Stapelgarns mit Elastan

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019311A (en) * 1973-07-18 1977-04-26 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a multifilament texturized yarn
US3996324A (en) * 1973-09-22 1976-12-07 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing oriented continuous yarns
US4081948A (en) * 1976-02-17 1978-04-04 Ernest Scragg & Sons Limited Manufacture of bulked yarn
US4300343A (en) * 1978-07-27 1981-11-17 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gut
US4328055A (en) * 1978-07-27 1982-05-04 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gut
US4637207A (en) * 1984-05-17 1987-01-20 W. Schlafhorst & Co. Pneumatic spinning method and pneumatic spinning device
US5366362A (en) * 1989-12-22 1994-11-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Froce Apparatus for extruding a single aromatic heterocyclic polymeric fiber
US5499911A (en) * 1992-02-17 1996-03-19 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for spinning of polyurethane elastic filaments
US5534334A (en) * 1992-09-10 1996-07-09 Toray Industries, Inc. Base fabric for ink ribbons
WO2017200900A1 (en) 2016-05-20 2017-11-23 Invista North America S.A R.L. Non-round solution spun spandex filaments and methods and devices for production thereof
CN110318106A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2019-10-11 郑州中远氨纶工程技术有限公司 一种高回弹粗旦氨纶及其制备方法

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FR2110461B1 (de) 1973-06-29
CA964020A (en) 1975-03-11
JPS4833764B1 (de) 1973-10-16
BE774023A (fr) 1972-01-31
NL7114212A (de) 1972-04-18
DE2151486A1 (de) 1972-04-27
GB1350948A (en) 1974-04-24
FR2110461A1 (de) 1972-06-02
NL146547B (nl) 1975-07-15

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