US3839981A - Ship having self-supporting spherical tanks particularly for the transport of fluids at low temperatures - Google Patents

Ship having self-supporting spherical tanks particularly for the transport of fluids at low temperatures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3839981A
US3839981A US00324663A US32466373A US3839981A US 3839981 A US3839981 A US 3839981A US 00324663 A US00324663 A US 00324663A US 32466373 A US32466373 A US 32466373A US 3839981 A US3839981 A US 3839981A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ship
tank
hull
cradle
sides
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US00324663A
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English (en)
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A Gilles
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/09—Receptacles insulating materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/901—Liquified gas content, cryogenic

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A ship having self-supporting spherical tanks particularly adapted for the transport of fluids at low temperatures is constructed with connecting parts interposed between the tanksand the structure of the ship which permit contraction and expansion of the tanks and satisfactorily limit external heat exchange.
  • the present invention has for an object the provision of a ship adapted to transport liquefied gases, and in particular ammonia and liquid ethylene, comprising self-supporting tanks in spherical form or the like and provided with connecting parts interposed between the tanks and the structure of the ship which permit contraction and expansion of the tanks and limit, in a satisfactory manner, heat exchange with the exterior.
  • the present invention provides an industrial article of manufacture consisting of a ship adapted in particular for the transportation of liquefied gases at low temperatures, said ship comprising a hull structure in the interior of which is disposed at least one water-tight self-supporting tank, each tank being supported by or maintained in the hull structure being provided with a layer of thermal insulation all around the sides of the tank, characterized by the fact that, in the first place, the tank defines a volume of revolution whose axis is approximately perpendicular to the flotation level in the upright position of the ship and whose meridian is a curve without a sharp angle; that, in the second place, the tank rests on a supporting surface in the form of a sectional cradle positioned at its lower part, through an intermediate sectional bearing support having the same angle as the top of the cradle, a layer of appropriate material being interposed between the supporting surface of the sectional cradle and the sectional bearing support aforesaid; and that
  • the tank consists of welded metallic plates; the volume limitation of the tank is a spherical volume; the thickness of the plates constituting the sides of the tank is variable according to the level in relation to a horizontal plane; the zone of maximum thickness of the side of the tank is situated in the part where the sectional bearing supports of the tank.
  • the sectional support of the tank is a continuous surface connected to the tank by braces or struts disposed in diametrical planes, the said braces being separated from each other by cross members disposed along a conical surface whose tops intersect with the spherical tank; the half angle at the top of the supporting surface of the sectional cradle and the bearing supports is about 45; the supporting surface of the sectional cradle is a continuous surface supported by the structure of the hull of the ship by way of the braces disposed in axial planes of the section of the cone, the said braces being separated by cross-members perpendicular to the supporting surface of the cradle; the intermediate layer disposed between the supporting surface of the cradle and the bearing supports consists of at least one thermal insulating material; the intermediate sectional layer is formed, in part, of a sheet of material known under the commercial trademark of
  • each point of attachment also consists of an assembly of an arm radially fixed to the spherical tank, said arm carrying an axle or shaft which is perpendicular to the upright plane of flotation. of the ship, and having a U-bracket, the two wings of which receive the ends of the aforesaid axle, the arm being disposed between the two wings of the U-bracket with a possibility of displacement parallel to the aforesaid axle, the U- bracket being rigidly connected to the hull structure of the ship, the median line of the U-bracket opening being radial and the axle or shaft of the arm having the possibility of a radial displacement in the said opening of the U-bracket; the U-bracket and the arms at the points of attachment are made of a material which is a poor conductor of heat such as, for example, stainless steel; the housing for the spherical tank defined by the hull structure of the ship has, in parallel sections to the upright flotation of the ship, the form
  • the spherical tank of the ship transport may contract thermally in a completely free matter which is a necessity when filling the tank with a liquefied natural gas; in fact, the points of attachment disposed in the diametrical plane of the tank which are parallel to the flotation plane permit radial contraction of the tank which is attributable in part to a displacement of the axle in the interior of the hollow portion between the two wings of the U-bracket and in part to the displacement of the clamp between the two wings of the U-bracket; moreover, the conical sectional form of the supporting surface of the sphere on the hull structure permits providing a continuous support of the sphere at the ambient temperature or at the temperature of the liquefied gas.
  • the constitution of the layer or bed intermediately disposed between the supporting surface of the cradle and the bearing surface integral with spherical tank permits absorption of the residual construction deformation, adapting the deformation of the hull structure during the course of navigation, and limiting in a satisfactory manner thermal leakage at the support level.
  • FIG. 1 represents, in transverse section, a ship according to the invention, the section passing through the'center of the spherical tank of the ship;
  • FIG. 2 represents a sectional view of FIG. 1 without the spherical tank and the protective superstructure
  • FIG. 3 represents a section taken along the line of III- -III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 represents, in plan view, a detail of a point of attachment of the spherical tank in its diametrical plane parallel to the plane of flotation of the ship in its upright position, the various elements being disposed in the positions which they occupy at the ambient temperature;
  • FIG. 5 represents a section taken along the line V-V of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 represents, in section, the various elements of FIG. 5 in the position which they occupy when the spherical tank is filled with a liquefied gas.
  • the hull structure I of the ship is surmounted by a protective superstructure 2 which covers the upper part of spherical tank 3.
  • the diameter of tank 3 is slightly less than the width of beam between the two sides 1a and lb of the ship.
  • a minimum space of 0.7 meter is required between the tank 3 and the hull structure.
  • the housing provided in the ship for each spherical tank 3 is defined, in the first place, by a base or bottom 10 parallel to the plane of the flotation of the ship in the upright position, the said base lie, in plan view, forming a regular octagon; secondly, by the lateral walls 1d perpendicular to the plane of flotation of the ship in its upright position, the lateral walls surrounding the tank 3 so as to define a housing which is perpendicular to the plane of upright flotation of the ship, in the form of a regular octagon, the sides la and lb of the ship constituting two opposing sides of said regular octagon; and thirdly, by the intermediate oblique sides connecting the bottom 1c to the various sides perpendicular to the plane of flotation of the ship in its upright position, these sides having an inclination of 45 to said plane of flotation.
  • the protective superstructure 2 consists, first, of a side 2d disposed in the prolongation of the side la; secondly, of an octagonal horizontal upper plate 20; and thirdly, of an oblique side 2e connecting the side 2d and the plate 2c.
  • the space between the spherical tank 3, on the one hand, and the housing 10, la, 1d, 2d and 2e, 2c, on the other hand, is filled with a special insulation material, for example, a material known as perlite.
  • the tank consists of steel plates containing 9 percent of nickel, the thickness of the plates varies according to the level with respect to the plane of flotation of the ship in the upright position; the variation occurs by successive spherical rings from at least 10 millimeter thickness in the upper part to at least 16 millimeter thickness in the lower part, with two maxima, one of 22 mm. situated at a level at the center of the sphere and the other of 34 mm. located at the level of the median zone of the oblique sides 1e.
  • each point of attachment 12 consists of a U-bracket 13 formed of two parallel wings 13a, 13b on the interior of which is an oblong slot 14 whose median line is a straight line passing approximately through the center of sphere 3.
  • U- bracket 13 made of unoxidizable steel is connected to hull I by angle brackets and radial members 13c, 13d respectively.
  • Arm l5 cooperating with U-bracket 13 is connected to the side of spherical tank 3 and disposed approximately in a diametrical plane parallel to the plane of flotation of the ship in its upright position.
  • the connection of arm 15 made of unoxidizable steel is reinforced by bracket 16.
  • Arm 15 carries an axle 17 affixed thereto approximately perpendicularly to the plane of flotation of the ship in its upright position.
  • axle 17 has its two extremities engaged in the interior of slots 14 of the two wings 13a, 13b of U-bracket 13. It is made of steel containing 9 percent nickel. The axle 17 which may have to be displaced radially in the interior of oblong slots 14 and the bracket 15 has a permissible displacement between the two wings 13a, 13b of bracket 13 parallel to axle 17.
  • connection of the spherical tank 3 permits thermal contraction of the tank without difficulty. Contraction is produced at the moment when the tank is filled with a liquefied gas.
  • the form of the conical section of the aforesaid supports between the support 5 and the supporting surface 6 of the cradle permits a continuously maintained support despite variation of temperature and construction of the sphere.
  • the points of attachment l2 permit a radial displacement of the sides of the tank 3 with respect to walls 1d of the housing by reason of displacement of axles 17 in the slots 14 and while equally permitting a displacement in the height of bracket between the wings 13a, 13b of bracket 13 due to the effect of the diminution of radius of spherical tank 3.
  • the thermal insulation of the tank 3 is perfectly assured in part due to the presence of the layer of insulating material 4 which surrounds the sphere and in part due to the small thermal loss in the connecting zones and in the support zones; in this regard, the composition of the layer 7 interposed between the support 5 and the supporting surface 6 of the cradle has an importance which is not negligible.
  • the presence in this layer of a plastic sheet permits absorption of residual deformities in construction and adapts itself to the deformations in the structure of the ships hull during navigation.
  • the points of attachment 12 do not permit the passage of the flow of thermal loss through the limited zones of contact of axles 17 with wings 13a, 13b and contact of axles 17 with bracket 15; these zones being very reduced because the contacts are generated along the axles 17. Furthermore, the thermal flow is equally limited by reason of the poor thermal conductivity of wings Ba and 13b and brackets 15.
  • a ship adapted in particular for the transport of liquefied gases at a low temperature, the ship comprising a hull structure in the interior of which is disposed at least one self-supporting water-tight tank, each tank being supported by and maintained in the hull structure by a supporting surface comprising a sectional cradle having planar sides all sloping upwardly and outwardly at an angle to the sides of the hull, a bed of thermal insulation being provided all around the sides of the tank, said tank defining a volume of revolution whose vertical axis is approximately perpendicular to the flotation plane of the ship and whose meridian is a curve without a sharp angle, the lower portion of said tank resting on said supporting surface of said sectional cradle, and means securing said tank to the interior of said hull comprising points of attachment around the tank in its median zone, the said points of attachment permitting parallel and radial displacement of the tank with respect to the vertical axis of the tank.
  • each said point of attachment consists of an assembly of an arm connected to the spherical tank, the said arm carrying a fixed shaft which is perpendicular to the plane of the flotation of the ship, and by a U-bracket with two wings each comprising an oblong opening to receive an end portion of said shaft, the arm being disposed in the space between the two wings of the U-bracket to permit parallel and radial displacement of said shaft and the U-bracket being rigidly fixed to the interior of the ships hull.
  • a ship as claimed in claim 1 wherein said supporting surface comprises conical members whose tops are in contact with said tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US00324663A 1972-01-20 1973-01-18 Ship having self-supporting spherical tanks particularly for the transport of fluids at low temperatures Expired - Lifetime US3839981A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7201836A FR2168674A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-20 1972-01-20

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US (1) US3839981A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4878684A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2168674A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE410722B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3957170A (en) * 1974-04-03 1976-05-18 Technigaz Supporting device for a rigid vehicle-borne heat-insulated tank
US4038832A (en) * 1975-09-08 1977-08-02 Beatrice Foods Co. Liquefied gas container of large capacity
US4086864A (en) * 1976-02-10 1978-05-02 Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. Support device for ship-carried independent tank
US4099649A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-07-11 Gaz-Transport Apparatus for transporting fluids at low temperature
US4156492A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-05-29 Lox Equipment Company Vessel support apparatus
US4487332A (en) * 1984-02-02 1984-12-11 Nicolet Instrument Corporation Cryostat vessel wall spacing system
US5531178A (en) * 1993-05-27 1996-07-02 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Support structure for self-standing storage tank in liquified gas carrier ship
WO2003031274A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-17 Electric Boat Corporation Support arrangement for semi-membrane tank walls
US20070246462A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 Shearin Douglas M Burst pressure support rib
US20080053993A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Korea Gas Corporation Structure for liquefied natural gas storage tank
KR20110128305A (ko) * 2009-02-16 2011-11-29 인오션 에이에스 액체 가스를 저장하기 위한 독립 탱크 시스템
US20120012473A1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2012-01-19 Adnan Ezzarhouni Termination of the secondary membrane of an lng tank
US20140069931A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2014-03-13 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Liquefied natural gas storage container and method for manufacturing the same
US20140131360A1 (en) * 2011-06-24 2014-05-15 Japan Marine United Corporation Liquefied gas tank
US20140190393A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2014-07-10 Japan Marine United Corporation Tank support structure and floating construction
US20140238052A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2014-08-28 Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Inner tank supporting structure for lng storage tank for ship
US20160273709A1 (en) * 2012-11-13 2016-09-22 Nli Innovation As Support assembly

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2512481A1 (fr) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-11 Stein Industrie Dispositif de supportage tangentiel d'un reservoir horizontal d'epaisseur faible par rapport a son diametre
JPS5935194U (ja) * 1983-06-23 1984-03-05 川崎重工業株式会社 円形タンクの設置部構造
DE3335546A1 (de) * 1983-09-28 1985-04-04 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Abstuetzvorrichtung fuer waagerecht liegende druckbehaelter
FR2710310A1 (fr) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-31 Technigaz Ste Nouvelle Procédé de transport de produits tels que du propane, du butane ou analogue et agencement de transport pour la mise en Óoeuvre de ce procédé.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3107498A (en) * 1961-03-13 1963-10-22 Conch Int Methane Ltd Portable insulated storage tanks and valve means
US3380611A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-04-30 Ltv Aerospace Corp Cryogenic storage container
US3566824A (en) * 1969-04-03 1971-03-02 Mcmullen Ass John J Marine transportation of liquified gases
US3583352A (en) * 1968-12-24 1971-06-08 Technigaz Supporting device for self-carrying cylindrical or spherical storage tanks and its various applications
US3759209A (en) * 1971-05-18 1973-09-18 Exxon Co Grid system for external insulation tanker
US3770158A (en) * 1971-05-24 1973-11-06 Technigaz Device for protecting the environment of a tank against failures thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3107498A (en) * 1961-03-13 1963-10-22 Conch Int Methane Ltd Portable insulated storage tanks and valve means
US3380611A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-04-30 Ltv Aerospace Corp Cryogenic storage container
US3583352A (en) * 1968-12-24 1971-06-08 Technigaz Supporting device for self-carrying cylindrical or spherical storage tanks and its various applications
US3566824A (en) * 1969-04-03 1971-03-02 Mcmullen Ass John J Marine transportation of liquified gases
US3759209A (en) * 1971-05-18 1973-09-18 Exxon Co Grid system for external insulation tanker
US3770158A (en) * 1971-05-24 1973-11-06 Technigaz Device for protecting the environment of a tank against failures thereof

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3957170A (en) * 1974-04-03 1976-05-18 Technigaz Supporting device for a rigid vehicle-borne heat-insulated tank
US4099649A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-07-11 Gaz-Transport Apparatus for transporting fluids at low temperature
US4038832A (en) * 1975-09-08 1977-08-02 Beatrice Foods Co. Liquefied gas container of large capacity
US4086864A (en) * 1976-02-10 1978-05-02 Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. Support device for ship-carried independent tank
US4156492A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-05-29 Lox Equipment Company Vessel support apparatus
US4487332A (en) * 1984-02-02 1984-12-11 Nicolet Instrument Corporation Cryostat vessel wall spacing system
US5531178A (en) * 1993-05-27 1996-07-02 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Support structure for self-standing storage tank in liquified gas carrier ship
WO2003031274A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-17 Electric Boat Corporation Support arrangement for semi-membrane tank walls
US6971537B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2005-12-06 Electric Boat Corporation Support arrangement for semi-membrane tank walls
US20070246462A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 Shearin Douglas M Burst pressure support rib
US8464884B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2013-06-18 Basf Corporation Burst pressure support rib
US20080053993A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Korea Gas Corporation Structure for liquefied natural gas storage tank
US20100018225A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2010-01-28 Korea Gas Corporation Structure for liquefied natural gas storage tank
US7717289B2 (en) * 2006-09-01 2010-05-18 Korea Gas Corporation Anchor for liquefied natural gas storage tank
US7938287B2 (en) * 2006-09-01 2011-05-10 Korea Gas Corporation Structure for liquefied natural gas storage tank
KR20110128305A (ko) * 2009-02-16 2011-11-29 인오션 에이에스 액체 가스를 저장하기 위한 독립 탱크 시스템
US20120055920A1 (en) * 2009-02-16 2012-03-08 Inocean As Independent tank system for storing liquid gas
US20120012473A1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2012-01-19 Adnan Ezzarhouni Termination of the secondary membrane of an lng tank
US9291308B2 (en) * 2009-04-14 2016-03-22 Gaztransport & Technigaz LNG container with a connecting device which connects a secondary impermeable barrier to a load bearing structure
US20140069931A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2014-03-13 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Liquefied natural gas storage container and method for manufacturing the same
US9360160B2 (en) * 2011-05-12 2016-06-07 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Liquefied natural gas storage container and method for manufacturing the same
US20140131360A1 (en) * 2011-06-24 2014-05-15 Japan Marine United Corporation Liquefied gas tank
US9181013B2 (en) * 2011-06-24 2015-11-10 Japan Marine United Corporation Liquefied gas tank
US20140190393A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2014-07-10 Japan Marine United Corporation Tank support structure and floating construction
US9010262B2 (en) * 2011-08-12 2015-04-21 Japan Marine United Corporation Tank support structure and floating construction
US20140238052A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2014-08-28 Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Inner tank supporting structure for lng storage tank for ship
EP2770241A4 (en) * 2011-10-18 2015-09-09 Hyun Dai Heavy Ind Co Ltd INTERIOR BASE SUPPORT STRUCTURE FOR LNG STORAGE TANKS FOR SHIPS
US20160273709A1 (en) * 2012-11-13 2016-09-22 Nli Innovation As Support assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2168674A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-31
JPS4878684A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-10-22
SE410722B (sv) 1979-10-29

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