US3837901A - Diffusion-coating of nickel-base superalloy articles - Google Patents

Diffusion-coating of nickel-base superalloy articles Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3837901A
US3837901A US00066069A US6606970A US3837901A US 3837901 A US3837901 A US 3837901A US 00066069 A US00066069 A US 00066069A US 6606970 A US6606970 A US 6606970A US 3837901 A US3837901 A US 3837901A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mixture
carrier
coating
percent
diffusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00066069A
Inventor
A Seybolt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US00066069A priority Critical patent/US3837901A/en
Priority to GB3465071A priority patent/GB1333271A/en
Priority to JP6302771A priority patent/JPS5511742B1/ja
Priority to BE771587A priority patent/BE771587A/en
Priority to DE2141924A priority patent/DE2141924C3/en
Priority to FR7130460A priority patent/FR2103440B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3837901A publication Critical patent/US3837901A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/48—Aluminising

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the protective coating art and is more particularly concerned with a new diffusion-coating method of providing oxidation resistant aluminum alloy coatings on nickel-base superalloy bodies, and with a novel composition for use in carrying out that method.
  • the charge material will desirably be of substantially smaller particle size than that heretofore preferred in practice, and will comprise a relatively small proportion of the diffusion-coating bed, being admixed with an inexpensive inert material such as alumina so that sticking of the sintered charge is prevented and the cost of the charge is reduced to the point that the economic necessity of recovery and reuse is eliminated.
  • this invention consists in the step of heating a nickel-base superalloy article to be provided with a protective coating to the temperature range of 900 to 1, 100C in the presence of hydrogen, an aluminum source and a halide carrier in particulate form. More specifically, this process includes as additional and preliminary steps the mixing of the aluminum source and carrier in the form of minus 100- mesh particle size to provide a bed and the placing of the superalloy article to be coated by the diffusion coating process within that bed.
  • the carrier is sodium fluoride or ammonium fluoride and the aluminum source is FeAl Fe Al or FeAl or a mixture thereof.
  • the aluminum source and carrier of minus 325-mesh size are admixed with alumina of similar particle size to provide a diffusion-coating bed made up of from five to 40 percent of the aluminum source, from 0.1 to 0.4 percent carrier and from about 60 to percent alumina.
  • my invention concept in general terms takes the form of a substantially uniform mixture of minus IOO-mesh size fines of alumina, aluminum source and halide carrier in which the aluminum source comprises from 5 to 40 percent of the mixture and the carrier is present in amount from 0.1 to 0.4 percent, the balance being alumina.
  • the aluminum source is FeAI Fe- Al or FeAl and is present in amounts of about 40 percent in the case of either FeAl or Fe Al and about eight per cent in the case of FeAl
  • the carrier is preferably ammonium fluoride or sodium fluoride and is present in the mixture in amount about 0.2 percent.
  • the process is conducted at a temperature from 900C to 1,100C with l,050C at present representing the best practice of the invention.
  • the results which are obtained in using temperatures outside this range, and particularly below the lower end of it, are not as consistently good as usually desired, while temperatures above the upper end of the range do not afford a sufficient advantage of greater diffusion-coating rates or efficiencies to warrant the increased equipment and operating costs.
  • any convenient halide or halide mixture may be used in this process.
  • ammonium halide or an alkali metal halide a convenient halide or halide mixture
  • Another halide such as aluminum chloride or aluminum fluoride may be used although it is neither as economical or easy to use as the corresponding ammonium or sodium or potassium salts.
  • the thickness of the diffusion coating produced in accordance with this process will depend mainly upon the temperature at which the process is carried out and the length of the diffusion-coating period. Because of the high degree of uniformity of the resulting diffusion coatings and the freedom of these coatings from breaks and flaws, I prefer to limit their thickness to a total of 10 to microns. Coatings of such thickness will provide oxidation resistance to the extent that only much thicker coatings of the prior art afford, and there is normally no significant advantage in prolonging the process to obtain diffusion coatings of such greater thickness.
  • aluminide diffusion coatings on a number of nickel and nickel-base superalloy articles using ammonium fluoride or sodium fluoride as the carrier and FeAI or Fe Al or FeAl as the aluminum source or charge material.
  • alumina was used as an inert filler to make up a treating bed consisting of a substantially uniform mixture of about 0.2 percent of carrier, from eight to 40 percent charge alloy and balance alumina, all of particle size of minus IOO-mesh and in several instances minus 325-mesh.
  • the treating temperature was maintained substantially constant in every case for a full three-hour period and in most runs was l.050C.
  • the articles to be coated were buried in the bed contained in a box-like retort, then the retort was flushed with pure, dry hydrogen (dew point approximating 80C) and closed to maintain a hydrogen atmosphere substantially free from air throughout the treating period.
  • the retort was then brought to temperature in an electric oven and furnace-cooled beginning at a time 3 hours later. Thereafter, the nickel or nickelbase superalloy parts were removed from the retort and examined with the results set forth in the following tables:
  • the coating on the test specimen was uniform in thickness and consisted of nickel aluminides of aluminum content decreasing with depth in the coating. Bonding of the coating consequently was consistently good and the coatings were all continuous and hole-free and resistant to oxidation at elevated temperature. The gain in weight in all cases is attributable to the deposition of aluminum which is in contrast to the prior art practice of carrying out the diffusion-coating operation in such a way as to codeposit iron and aluminum.
  • the hydrogen pressure within the retort before the heating step is begun is not critical in terms of this diffusion-coating method and neither is the presence in the bed of an excess of carrier.
  • the diffusion-coating method of providing an aluminum-containing, oxidation-resistant protective coating on a nickel-base superalloy article which comprises the steps of providing a diffusion-coating bed of a mixture of-l00 mesh size particles of from 5 to 40 percent of an aluminum source and from 0.1 to 0.4 per cent ofa halide carrier and from about 60 to percent of a filler material said aluminum source being selected from the group consisting of FeAl I e- A1 and FeAl and mixtures thereof and said halide carrier being selected from the group consisting of ammonium fluoride, aluminum chloride and sodium fluoride. embedding the superalloy articles in the diffusion-coating bed, flushing the bed with hydrogen, and heating the bed and article therein to 900 to 1,100C while maintaining a hydrogen atmosphere in the bed until a coating of the desired thickness has been formed on the article.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

A nickel-base superalloy article is provided with an oxidationresistant coating by heating it to 1,050*C for 3 hours in a bed consisting of a mixture of fine particles of FeAl3 (40%), NH4F (0.2%) and Al2O3 under a hydrogen atmosphere.

Description

filtrate States Patent 11 1 1111 3,37,901 Seyboit 1 Sept. 24, 1974 [54] DIFFUSION-COATING OF NICKEL-BASE 3,257,230 6/1966 Wachtell 117 107.2 R OY ICL 3,415,676 12/1968 Nishi et a1 117/107.2 3,436,249 4/1969 Lambert et a1. 117/130 Inventor: Alan Seybolt, Ballston p NY 3,544,348 12/1970 Boone 117/1072 P 3,677,789 7/1972 Bungardt et a1. 117/130 [73] Assgnee' g ggg gg fi e 3,771,974 11 1973 Itakura et a1. 117/107.2 P
[22] Filed: Aug. 21, 1970 Primary Examiner-Charles E. Van Horn Assistant Examiner-J. W. Massie [21] Appl' 66069 Attorney, Agent, or FirmCharles T. Watts; Joseph T.
Cohen; Jerome C. Squillaro [52] US. (31..., 117/107.2 P, 106/1, 117/131 [51] Int. Cl. C23c 9/02 [58] Field of Search 117/107.2 P, 130, 131; [57] T 106/62, 1 A nlckel-base superalloy arttcle 1s provlded wtth an oxidation-resistant coating by heating it to 1,050C for 5 References Cited 3 hours in a bed consisting of a mixture of fine parti- UNITED STATES PATENTS cles of FeAl (40%), NH F (0.2%) and A1 0 under a hydrogen atmosphere. 3,096,160 7/1963 Puyear 117/107.2 X 3,163,553 12/1964 Commanday et a1 117/107.2 X 10 Claims, N0 Drawings DIFFUSION-COATING OF NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY ARTICLES The present invention relates generally to the protective coating art and is more particularly concerned with a new diffusion-coating method of providing oxidation resistant aluminum alloy coatings on nickel-base superalloy bodies, and with a novel composition for use in carrying out that method.
It has been known for some time in the art that by a diffusion coating operation protective coatings can be provided on superalloy components of gas turbine engines and similar parts intended for service in corrosive atmospheres at high temperatures. Thus, an article to be coated is heated in a bed of charge material and a suitable carrier in particulate form until a coating of the desired thickness has been formed over the surface of the article to be protected. Finely-divided aluminum fluoride may serve as the carrier while the charge material is an iron-base alloy containing 19 to 35 percent aluminum, which codeposits with the iron and diffuses into the surface of the superalloy article producing a smooth and bright coating of good oxidation and erosion resistance. Such coatings, however, must be comparatively thick to provide the protection desired and consequently are relatively expensive to produce and are not readily applicable to articles having close dimensional tolerances.
I have discovered that the protection afforded by such coatings can be obtained with different and much thinner coatings which can be produced much more rapidly and economically than those of the prior art. The diffusion coating technique can therefore now be extended to high-precision articles such as jet engine blades. Further, I have found that contrary to the prior art teachings, it is unnecessary to codeposit iron and aluminum to avoid either coating irregularity or corrosion of the workpiece, and it is also not necessary to employ as the coating source or charge material an alloy of iron and aluminum containing substantially less aluminum than iron. In fact, it is essential to the new results of this invention that the charge material contain 50 percent to 60 percent of aluminum and that the process be carried out in the presence of hydrogen, which I believe performs a carrier function. Additionally, I have found that the charge material will desirably be of substantially smaller particle size than that heretofore preferred in practice, and will comprise a relatively small proportion of the diffusion-coating bed, being admixed with an inexpensive inert material such as alumina so that sticking of the sintered charge is prevented and the cost of the charge is reduced to the point that the economic necessity of recovery and reuse is eliminated.
The present invention is based upon these discoveries and has both composition and method aspects. Defined most broadly in method terms, this invention consists in the step of heating a nickel-base superalloy article to be provided with a protective coating to the temperature range of 900 to 1, 100C in the presence of hydrogen, an aluminum source and a halide carrier in particulate form. More specifically, this process includes as additional and preliminary steps the mixing of the aluminum source and carrier in the form of minus 100- mesh particle size to provide a bed and the placing of the superalloy article to be coated by the diffusion coating process within that bed. Preferably, the carrier is sodium fluoride or ammonium fluoride and the aluminum source is FeAl Fe Al or FeAl or a mixture thereof. Also preferably, the aluminum source and carrier of minus 325-mesh size are admixed with alumina of similar particle size to provide a diffusion-coating bed made up of from five to 40 percent of the aluminum source, from 0.1 to 0.4 percent carrier and from about 60 to percent alumina.
In its compositional aspects, my invention concept in general terms takes the form of a substantially uniform mixture of minus IOO-mesh size fines of alumina, aluminum source and halide carrier in which the aluminum source comprises from 5 to 40 percent of the mixture and the carrier is present in amount from 0.1 to 0.4 percent, the balance being alumina. In my preferred practice, however, the aluminum source is FeAI Fe- Al or FeAl and is present in amounts of about 40 percent in the case of either FeAl or Fe Al and about eight per cent in the case of FeAl Also, in these compositions or mixtures, the carrier is preferably ammonium fluoride or sodium fluoride and is present in the mixture in amount about 0.2 percent.
As indicated above, the process is conducted at a temperature from 900C to 1,100C with l,050C at present representing the best practice of the invention. The results which are obtained in using temperatures outside this range, and particularly below the lower end of it, are not as consistently good as usually desired, while temperatures above the upper end of the range do not afford a sufficient advantage of greater diffusion-coating rates or efficiencies to warrant the increased equipment and operating costs.
As the activator or carrier material of the system, any convenient halide or halide mixture may be used in this process. As a practical matter, however, I prefer to use either ammonium halide or an alkali metal halide. Another halide such as aluminum chloride or aluminum fluoride may be used although it is neither as economical or easy to use as the corresponding ammonium or sodium or potassium salts.
The thickness of the diffusion coating produced in accordance with this process will depend mainly upon the temperature at which the process is carried out and the length of the diffusion-coating period. Because of the high degree of uniformity of the resulting diffusion coatings and the freedom of these coatings from breaks and flaws, I prefer to limit their thickness to a total of 10 to microns. Coatings of such thickness will provide oxidation resistance to the extent that only much thicker coatings of the prior art afford, and there is normally no significant advantage in prolonging the process to obtain diffusion coatings of such greater thickness.
In actual experiments conducted in accordance with the best present practice of this invention, I have produced aluminide diffusion coatings on a number of nickel and nickel-base superalloy articles using ammonium fluoride or sodium fluoride as the carrier and FeAI or Fe Al or FeAl as the aluminum source or charge material. In every run, alumina was used as an inert filler to make up a treating bed consisting of a substantially uniform mixture of about 0.2 percent of carrier, from eight to 40 percent charge alloy and balance alumina, all of particle size of minus IOO-mesh and in several instances minus 325-mesh. The treating temperature was maintained substantially constant in every case for a full three-hour period and in most runs was l.050C. The articles to be coated were buried in the bed contained in a box-like retort, then the retort was flushed with pure, dry hydrogen (dew point approximating 80C) and closed to maintain a hydrogen atmosphere substantially free from air throughout the treating period. The retort was then brought to temperature in an electric oven and furnace-cooled beginning at a time 3 hours later. Thereafter, the nickel or nickelbase superalloy parts were removed from the retort and examined with the results set forth in the following tables:
TABLE I Charg Alloy Run Alloy Charge Particle No. Coated Carrier Alloy Size 3760 Ni .2% NH F 40% FeAl 325 3771 i do. 40% Fe Al 325 3795 Superalloy do. 40% FeAl 325 MM246 3833 MMZ46 do. 40% Fe Al 325 3839 Rene 80 do. 40% FeAl lO 3865 do. do. 4.0% FeAl 100 3867 do. do. 80% FeAL, l00 3868 do. do. 16.0% FeAl 100 3871 do. do. do. l00 3892 do 2% Nl-LC] 8.0% FeAl -l00 3894 do .23% NaF do. 100 3910 do 2% NH F do. l00 3912 do. do. do. -l00 3918 do do. 8.0% Fe Al 325 3919 do do. 32.0% Fe Al, 325 3935 do. do 80% FeAl -325 TABLE II Coating Time Thickness Unit wt. gain Run No. "C (Hours) (Microns) Mg/Cnt 3760 1050 3 43 7.5 3771 do. do. 40 6.0 3795 850 do. 38 3.0 3833 1050 do. 53 6.0 3839 950 do. 3l 3.8 3865 1050 do. 20 2.2 3867 do. do. 30 3.0 3868 do. do. 35 3.4 3871 do. do. 31 3.5 3892 do. do. 34 3.7 3894 do. do. 37 3.8 3910 950 do. 24 3.0 3912 1050 do. 39 4.2 3918 do. do. 36 3.7 3919 do. do. 39 4.2 3935 do. do. 41 3.6
lnevery instance the coating on the test specimen was uniform in thickness and consisted of nickel aluminides of aluminum content decreasing with depth in the coating. Bonding of the coating consequently was consistently good and the coatings were all continuous and hole-free and resistant to oxidation at elevated temperature. The gain in weight in all cases is attributable to the deposition of aluminum which is in contrast to the prior art practice of carrying out the diffusion-coating operation in such a way as to codeposit iron and aluminum.
The hydrogen pressure within the retort before the heating step is begun is not critical in terms of this diffusion-coating method and neither is the presence in the bed of an excess of carrier. However. in order to avoid the development of undesirably high gas pressures during the high-temperature stage of the process, I prefer to limit the carrier to less than one per cent of the bed and to limit the initial hydrogen pressure in the retort to 10 psi gauge pressure.
in the specification and the appended claims whenever proportions or percentages are stated. it is with reference to the weight basis. Also, reference is to the Tyler Standard Screens in all practice size descriptions.
What 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the united States is:
1. The diffusion-coating method of providing an aluminum-containing, oxidation-resistant protective coating on a nickel-base superalloy article which comprises the steps of providing a diffusion-coating bed of a mixture of-l00 mesh size particles of from 5 to 40 percent of an aluminum source and from 0.1 to 0.4 per cent ofa halide carrier and from about 60 to percent of a filler material said aluminum source being selected from the group consisting of FeAl I e- A1 and FeAl and mixtures thereof and said halide carrier being selected from the group consisting of ammonium fluoride, aluminum chloride and sodium fluoride. embedding the superalloy articles in the diffusion-coating bed, flushing the bed with hydrogen, and heating the bed and article therein to 900 to 1,100C while maintaining a hydrogen atmosphere in the bed until a coating of the desired thickness has been formed on the article.
2. The method of claim 1 in which the said source is FeAl 3. The method of claim 1 in which the carrier is sodium fluoride.
4. The method of claim 1 in which the carrier is ammonium fluoride.
5. The method of claim 1 in which the aluminum source is Fe Al 6. The method of claim 1 in which the aluminum source is FeAl;;.
7. The method of claim 1 in which the aluminum source is a mixture of FeAl Fe Al and FeAl:,.
8. For use in the diffusion-coating of a nickelbase superalloy article a substantially uniform mixture of minus l00-mesh size fines of alumina, an aluminum source selected from the group consisting of FeAl Fe- Al and and FeAl and mixtures thereof, and a halide carrier selected from the group consisting of ammo nium fluoride, ammonium chloride, and sodium fluoride, the aluminum source being present in the mixture in amount of from live to 40 percent, the said carrier being in amount from 0.l to 0.4 percent and the alumina constituting the balance of the mixture.
9. The mixture of claim 8 in which the aluminum source is FeAlwhich amounts to 40 percent of the mixture, and in which the carrier is ammonium fluoride amounting to 0.2 percent of the mixture.
10. The mixture of claim 8 in which the aluminum source is FeAl amounting to eight percent of the mixture and the carrier is sodium fluoride amounting to about 0.2 percent of the mixture.

Claims (9)

  1. 2. The method of claim 1 in which the said source is FeAl2.
  2. 3. The method of claim 1 in which the carrier is sodium fluoride.
  3. 4. The method of claim 1 in which the carrier is ammonium fluoride.
  4. 5. The method of claim 1 in which the aluminum source is Fe2Al5.
  5. 6. The method of claim 1 in which the aluminum source is FeAl3.
  6. 7. The method of claim 1 in which the aluminum source is a mixture of FeAl2, Fe2Al5 and FeAl3.
  7. 8. For use in the diffusion-coating of a nickelbase superalloy article a substantially uniform mixture of minus 100-mesh size fines of alumina, an aluminum source selected from the group consisting of FeAl2, Fe2Al5 and and FeAl3 and mixtures thereof, and a halide carrier selected from the group consisting of ammonium fluoride, ammonium chloride, and sodium fluoride, the aluminum source being present in the mixture in amount of from five to 40 percent, the said carrier being in amount from 0.1 to 0.4 percent and the alumina constituting the balance of the mixture.
  8. 9. The mixture of claim 8 in which the aluminum source is FeAl2 which amounts to 40 percent of the mixture, and in which the carrier is ammonium fluoride amounting to 0.2 percent of the mixture.
  9. 10. The mixture of claim 8 in which the aluminum source is FeAl3 amounting to eight percent of the mixture and the carrier is sodium fluoride amounting to about 0.2 percent of the mixture.
US00066069A 1970-08-21 1970-08-21 Diffusion-coating of nickel-base superalloy articles Expired - Lifetime US3837901A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00066069A US3837901A (en) 1970-08-21 1970-08-21 Diffusion-coating of nickel-base superalloy articles
GB3465071A GB1333271A (en) 1970-08-21 1971-07-23 Diffusion-coating nickel-base superalloy articles
JP6302771A JPS5511742B1 (en) 1970-08-21 1971-08-20
BE771587A BE771587A (en) 1970-08-21 1971-08-20 METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR FORMING AN ALUMINUM ALLOY COATING ON A NICKEL-BASED REFRACTORY ALLOY
DE2141924A DE2141924C3 (en) 1970-08-21 1971-08-20 Diffusion process for producing an oxidation-resistant protective layer containing aluminum on an article made of a nickel-based superalloy and powder mixture for this process
FR7130460A FR2103440B1 (en) 1970-08-21 1971-08-20

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00066069A US3837901A (en) 1970-08-21 1970-08-21 Diffusion-coating of nickel-base superalloy articles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3837901A true US3837901A (en) 1974-09-24

Family

ID=22067052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00066069A Expired - Lifetime US3837901A (en) 1970-08-21 1970-08-21 Diffusion-coating of nickel-base superalloy articles

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3837901A (en)
JP (1) JPS5511742B1 (en)
BE (1) BE771587A (en)
DE (1) DE2141924C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2103440B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1333271A (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004047A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-01-18 General Electric Company Diffusion coating method
US4332843A (en) * 1981-03-23 1982-06-01 General Electric Company Metallic internal coating method
US5217757A (en) * 1986-11-03 1993-06-08 United Technologies Corporation Method for applying aluminide coatings to superalloys
US5366765A (en) * 1993-05-17 1994-11-22 United Technologies Corporation Aqueous slurry coating system for aluminide coatings
US5849416A (en) * 1995-12-18 1998-12-15 General Electric Company Protective coatings for superalloys
US5900278A (en) * 1995-12-18 1999-05-04 General Electric Company Methods related to protective coatings for superalloys
US6206973B1 (en) * 1999-04-23 2001-03-27 Silicon Valley Group Thermal System Llc Chemical vapor deposition system and method
US20070125459A1 (en) * 2005-12-07 2007-06-07 General Electric Company Oxide cleaning and coating of metallic components
EP1939318A2 (en) 2006-12-27 2008-07-02 General Electric Company Carburization process for stabilizing nickel-based superalloys
US20100136240A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2010-06-03 O'connell Matthew James Process for Forming an Outward Grown Aluminide Coating
US20110252833A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2011-10-20 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Filmed metal member for float glass manufacturing equipment and float glass manufacturing method
US20110300405A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-08 General Electric Company Oxidation resistant components and related methods
US20170226623A1 (en) * 2016-02-05 2017-08-10 United Technologies Corporation Forming aluminide coating using metal alloy gravel
US9957599B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2018-05-01 Endurance Technologies, Inc. Coating compositions, methods and articles produced thereby
CN110073028A (en) * 2016-12-21 2019-07-30 Ａｇｃ株式会社 The manufacturing method and glass handling roller of the forming method of intermetallic compound sputtered films of bismuth, the sputtered films of bismuth, metal product with the sputtered films of bismuth
CN117265468A (en) * 2023-10-08 2023-12-22 华北水利水电大学 Preparation method of aluminized coating with high constant temperature oxidation performance on nickel-based superalloy surface

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL45597A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-12-30 Gen Electric Tape for aluminide diffusion coating of metallic articles
PL220170A1 (en) * 1979-12-06 1981-06-19 Politechnika Slaska Im Wincent
CN103418799B (en) * 2013-09-02 2015-06-24 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 Preparation method for Ni-Al series intermetallic compound powder
FR3121558B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2024-04-12 Nidec Psa Emotors Method for selecting a switching frequency of an inverter controlling an electrical machine and corresponding device

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3096160A (en) * 1961-06-19 1963-07-02 Union Carbide Corp Vapor diffusion coating process
US3163553A (en) * 1958-10-27 1964-12-29 Chromizing Corp Process of diffusing metal into the surface of sheet metal
US3257230A (en) * 1964-03-24 1966-06-21 Chromalloy American Corp Diffusion coating for metals
US3415676A (en) * 1964-09-14 1968-12-10 Sintobrator Ltd Aluminum cementation process
US3436249A (en) * 1966-02-23 1969-04-01 Rolls Royce Aluminising powder
US3544348A (en) * 1968-10-25 1970-12-01 United Aircraft Corp Overhaul process for aluminide coated gas turbine engine components
US3677789A (en) * 1968-09-14 1972-07-18 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Protective diffusion layer on nickel and/or cobalt-based alloys
US3771974A (en) * 1969-09-18 1973-11-13 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Surface-coated metal material having resistance to molten tin

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE122C (en) * 1877-08-10 E. A. BRYDGES in Berlin, Belle-Alliancestr. 32 Breech charge cannon
DE333C (en) * 1877-08-15 C. LÜTTERS & CO. in Solingen Pocket knife with steel frame and applied bowls
FR561907A (en) * 1923-02-07 1923-10-30 Process for coating metals with a layer of aluminum or aluminum alloy
DE486834C (en) * 1923-05-08 1929-11-30 Edelstahlwerke Akt Ges Deutsch Process for surface finishing of metals and metallic objects
DE953568C (en) * 1952-11-07 1956-12-06 Werner Bittmann Process for surface treatment of soldering irons and other copper workpieces

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3163553A (en) * 1958-10-27 1964-12-29 Chromizing Corp Process of diffusing metal into the surface of sheet metal
US3096160A (en) * 1961-06-19 1963-07-02 Union Carbide Corp Vapor diffusion coating process
US3257230A (en) * 1964-03-24 1966-06-21 Chromalloy American Corp Diffusion coating for metals
US3415676A (en) * 1964-09-14 1968-12-10 Sintobrator Ltd Aluminum cementation process
US3436249A (en) * 1966-02-23 1969-04-01 Rolls Royce Aluminising powder
US3677789A (en) * 1968-09-14 1972-07-18 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Protective diffusion layer on nickel and/or cobalt-based alloys
US3544348A (en) * 1968-10-25 1970-12-01 United Aircraft Corp Overhaul process for aluminide coated gas turbine engine components
US3771974A (en) * 1969-09-18 1973-11-13 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Surface-coated metal material having resistance to molten tin

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004047A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-01-18 General Electric Company Diffusion coating method
US4332843A (en) * 1981-03-23 1982-06-01 General Electric Company Metallic internal coating method
US5217757A (en) * 1986-11-03 1993-06-08 United Technologies Corporation Method for applying aluminide coatings to superalloys
US5366765A (en) * 1993-05-17 1994-11-22 United Technologies Corporation Aqueous slurry coating system for aluminide coatings
US5849416A (en) * 1995-12-18 1998-12-15 General Electric Company Protective coatings for superalloys
US5900278A (en) * 1995-12-18 1999-05-04 General Electric Company Methods related to protective coatings for superalloys
US6206973B1 (en) * 1999-04-23 2001-03-27 Silicon Valley Group Thermal System Llc Chemical vapor deposition system and method
US20070125459A1 (en) * 2005-12-07 2007-06-07 General Electric Company Oxide cleaning and coating of metallic components
EP1939318A2 (en) 2006-12-27 2008-07-02 General Electric Company Carburization process for stabilizing nickel-based superalloys
US20100136240A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2010-06-03 O'connell Matthew James Process for Forming an Outward Grown Aluminide Coating
US20110252833A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2011-10-20 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Filmed metal member for float glass manufacturing equipment and float glass manufacturing method
US20110300405A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-08 General Electric Company Oxidation resistant components and related methods
US9957599B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2018-05-01 Endurance Technologies, Inc. Coating compositions, methods and articles produced thereby
US10801099B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2020-10-13 Endurance Technologies, Inc. Coating compositions, methods and articles produced thereby
US20170226623A1 (en) * 2016-02-05 2017-08-10 United Technologies Corporation Forming aluminide coating using metal alloy gravel
CN110073028A (en) * 2016-12-21 2019-07-30 Ａｇｃ株式会社 The manufacturing method and glass handling roller of the forming method of intermetallic compound sputtered films of bismuth, the sputtered films of bismuth, metal product with the sputtered films of bismuth
CN117265468A (en) * 2023-10-08 2023-12-22 华北水利水电大学 Preparation method of aluminized coating with high constant temperature oxidation performance on nickel-based superalloy surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5511742B1 (en) 1980-03-27
BE771587A (en) 1971-12-31
GB1333271A (en) 1973-10-10
DE2141924A1 (en) 1972-02-24
DE2141924B2 (en) 1981-06-11
DE2141924C3 (en) 1982-02-25
FR2103440A1 (en) 1972-04-14
FR2103440B1 (en) 1974-05-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3837901A (en) Diffusion-coating of nickel-base superalloy articles
US3961098A (en) Coated article and method and material of coating
US3649225A (en) Composite coating for the superalloys
US3598638A (en) Diffusion metallic coating method
CA2130058C (en) Platinum group silicide modified aluminide coating process and product
US3978251A (en) Aluminide coatings
US4070507A (en) Platinum-rhodium-containing high temperature alloy coating method
US3540878A (en) Metallic surface treatment material
Lindblad A review of the behavior of aluminide-coated superalloys
US3873347A (en) Coating system for superalloys
US3676085A (en) Cobalt base coating for the superalloys
US3667985A (en) Metallic surface treatment method
US3096160A (en) Vapor diffusion coating process
US3741791A (en) Slurry coating superalloys with fecraiy coatings
US3957454A (en) Coated article
US4241113A (en) Process for producing protective coatings on metals and metal alloys for use at high temperatures
US4835011A (en) Yttrium enriched aluminide coatings
US4694036A (en) Metal diffusion and use
US3861938A (en) Protective coating for metals
US2988807A (en) Method of aluminizing cobalt base alloys and article resulting therefrom
US3764373A (en) Diffusion coating of metals
US2887420A (en) Surface treatments for articles made from heat resisting alloys
US3953193A (en) Coating powder mixture
US3622402A (en) Erosion-corrosion resistant coating
US3622374A (en) Diffusion coating of ferrous articles