US3837156A - Process for producing molecularly oriented, textured continuous filaments - Google Patents

Process for producing molecularly oriented, textured continuous filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3837156A
US3837156A US00332826A US33282673A US3837156A US 3837156 A US3837156 A US 3837156A US 00332826 A US00332826 A US 00332826A US 33282673 A US33282673 A US 33282673A US 3837156 A US3837156 A US 3837156A
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filaments
per minute
meters per
break
molecularly oriented
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00332826A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Langanke
P Landenberger
G Treutel
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GEA Group AG
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Metallgesellschaft AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Molecularly oriented, textured continuous filaments are made from thermoplastic materials by a. spinning continuous filaments from a multi-orifice spinneret and drawing the filaments therefrom without deforming same at a speed of at least 2,500 meters per minute to a residual elongation at break of not greater than 200%; thereafter b. crimping the prestretched filaments from (a) and further stretching same to a residual elongation by a false-twisting step carried out in the first heating passage of a texturing device.
  • This invention relates to a process of producing textured and molecularly oriented, continuous filaments from synthetic thermoplastics, particularly polyester or polyamide.
  • filaments are taken off from a molten material and wound up.
  • the denier of the filaments is between 70 and 150 and the take-off velocity is about 1,000 to about 1,500 meters per minute.
  • These filaments are substantially non-oriented and are subsequently stretched with a ratio of about 1:32 to 1:40 on a two-stage stretch-twisting machine comprising a hot galette and a heated flatiron and are wound up at velocities of about 800-1 ,000 meters per minute.
  • the resulting spools are supplied to a texturing machine, eg by false twisiing and are crimped therein at velocities of an order of 100-150 meters per minute.
  • filaments which have been spun and wound up at l,000-l,500 meters per minute as described above are directly supplied to a modified texturing machine, whereas the operation carried out in the stretch-twisting machine is omitted.
  • this texturing machine the material is subjected to afterstretching to the required extent of about 350%.
  • This after-stretching is effected either by a heated stretching mechanism which precedes the texturing machine or in the first heated passage of the texturing machine. In the latter case, the feeding mechanisms and transmissions of the texturing machine must be adapted to the required velocities and the stresses to which the filaments are subjected.
  • a further disadvantage resides in the fact that special machines must be used or existing machines must be altered to texture this yarn.
  • the expenditure should be optimally low for high economy and a yarn should be produced which can be dyed as desired.
  • deformation of the filaments as they are drawn should be avoided and particularly the filaments should be taken off fast as possible by commercially available means and with such a large stretching that the resulting yarn has a virtually unlimited stability in storage and the final stretching can be carried out in a simple manner during the subsequent texturing.
  • the filaments are spun through a multi-orifice spinneret and are drawn without deformation to a residual elongation at break of at least 200% at a velocity of at least 2,500 meters per minute. This insures stability of the filaments in storage, and
  • FIG. 1 is a graph of the extrusion rate plotted against the drawing velocity.
  • the filaments may be desirably taken off and wound up at speed of about 3,0004,000 meters per minute. At these speeds, a polyester filament will have an elongation at break of about ISO-%. When the wound-up filaments are crimped, they are subjected to afterstretching with a ratio of about 121.2 to 121.8.
  • the drawing step is preferably carried out by mechanical means.
  • the filaments are drawn and wound up by a highspeed winder, which is operated at a peripheral velocity that corresponds to the drawing velocity. Because the resulting filaments have been stretched to a considerable extent, but not completely, they have a high degree of molecular orientation and for this reason a high stability. Specifically, the filaments thus produced can be stored for a long time even under varying climatic conditions.
  • the known filaments having a low orientation have only a low stability in storage and are mechanically weak. Due to these properties, the use of the filaments after a relatively long time and the shipment of the filaments are rather difficult.
  • the drawing means are preferably operated without using heated parts, such as galettes or heated passages and without using fluids at elevated temperature.
  • the take-off forces are not so strong that a substantial deformation of the filaments other than the reduction in cross-section can result. Specifically, the cross-section of a filament which has been extruded through a circular spinneret orifice will remain circular.
  • P16. 1 is a chart plotting the extrusion rate in grams per minute per spinneret hole (F axis) against the takeoff velocity (A axis). The curve corresponds to an extrusion rate which is required to produce a final product having a nominal denier of 150. It is apparent that this extrusion rate, which is important for the productivity, is about 100 grams per minute for velocities in the range of 3,000-4,000 meters per minuteuThis corresponds to an increase by more than 25% over the value for 1,000-1 ,500 meters per minute.
  • the underformed filaments produced in the process according to the invention are a starting material which can easily be processed in conventional machines for producing crimped yarn. It has surprisingly been found that these filaments have a better dye acceptance than filaments which have drawn and stretched in the conventional process over cold and/or hot galettes and over heated flatirons.
  • the filaments are preferably withdrawn at a rate of about 3,0004,000 meters per minute to an elongation at break below 150% down to about 90%. It has been found that with an elongation at break in this range, the filaments can be supplied in an advantageous manner to the texturing machines such as are known and used in the textile industry, without need for a further adaptation of such machines. As a result, special texturing machines need not be procured. Details of the process according to the invention will be explained more fully hereinafter:
  • Polymer granules are melted in an extruder.
  • the polymer may consist, e.g., of polyester or polyamide although other meltspinnable polymers and copolymers are possible as a starting material.
  • the polymer is supplied from the extruder by a spin-' ning pump to a multi-orifice spinneret. Filaments emerge from the spinneret orifices and are cooled by: an air stream.
  • the filaments are mechanically drawn by: means of a high-speed winder at a filament velocity of about 3,000 meters per minute so that the elongation at break of the filaments is, e.g., about 150% in the case .of polyester,
  • Filament guides and/or a non-heated galette pro- vided with deflecting rollers may be disposed between the spinneret and the drawing assembly.
  • Filaments hav-, ing a denier in the textile range have a considerable molecular orientation and a tensile strength of, e.g., 2.7
  • the filaments will have a residual elongation at break of about After this process step, the partly stretched filaments can be stored for a considerable time of several months.
  • the filaments are further processed by being mechanically crimped on a false-twisting machine known per se and are simultaneously afterstretched in the first heated passage.
  • This stretching should be carried out at a stretch ratio of 1:1.6 (in case of an initial elongation at break of or of 1:1.5 (in case of an initial elongation at break of 100%).
  • This ratio can easily be adjusted on conventional texturing machines.
  • the clamping pressure applied by the feed rollers may be increased to some'extent, if required
  • the set polyester yarns produced by this process are similar in physical properties to filaments which have been processed to form set yarns in conventional process es.
  • the filament travels between the feed rollers and through a heated passage to the false-twisting spindle, further to the first drawing mechanism and in the production of so-called set yarns through another heated passage to the second set of draw rolls and finally to the winder.
  • the filament travelling' through the false-twisting spindle rotating at 700,000 revolutions per minute has imparted to it on the feed side a false twist, which is immediately set in the first heating passage. On the discharge side of the false-twisting spindle, this twist is removed. Between the two doffers, part of the resulting elasticity is removed by the action of heat in the second heated passage so that the resulting yarn is crimped but is not highly elastic.
  • Process for producing synthetic textured yarn of molecularly oriented filaments which comprises a. spinning continuous filaments from a multi-orifice spinneret and at the same time winding the freshly spun filaments and thus drawing them with a longitudinal speed of at least 2,500 meters per minute to a residual elongation at break of not greater than 200% to produce a prestretched and still drawable untextured yarn; thereafter b. in a false twisting step, crimping said drawable untextured yarn and stretching it in the first heating passage of the false twisting device, the stretching being done at a draw ratio between 1.2 and 1,8.
  • Process of claim 1 wherein the filaments are drawn at a velocity of about 3,000-4,000 meters per minute to an elongation at break less than down to about 90%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US00332826A 1972-02-19 1973-02-15 Process for producing molecularly oriented, textured continuous filaments Expired - Lifetime US3837156A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722207849 DE2207849B2 (de) 1972-02-19 1972-02-19 Verfahren zur herstellung von texturierten, molekular orientierten faeden aus polyester oder polyamid

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US3837156A true US3837156A (en) 1974-09-24

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CH (1) CH551506A (de)
DE (1) DE2207849B2 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994121A (en) * 1974-04-03 1976-11-30 E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Polyhexamethylene adipamide yarn
US4044541A (en) * 1974-04-15 1977-08-30 Teijin Limited Process for producing textured polyester multifilament yarn
US4123492A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-10-31 Monsanto Company Nylon 66 spinning process
US5471828A (en) * 1993-05-04 1995-12-05 Wellman, Inc. Hot feed draw texturing for dark dyeing polyester
US20220063768A1 (en) * 2020-08-25 2022-03-03 Thomas W. Fields Controlled failure point for a rope or mooring loop and method of use thereof

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD124391A5 (de) * 1975-03-13 1977-02-16
DE2831868C2 (de) * 1978-07-20 1983-11-10 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hochgezwirnten, abwechselnd S- und Z-Drehungen aufweisenden, synthetischen Filamentgarns mit Crêpegarn-Charakter
DE3431831A1 (de) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-13 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Hochfestes polyestergarn und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE3431834A1 (de) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-06 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Hochfeste zulieferfaeden fuer naehgarne und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435603A (en) * 1967-10-30 1969-04-01 American Enka Corp Process and apparatus for producing torque in synthetic filaments,fibers and yarns
US3601972A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-08-31 Ici Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic filament yarns
US3708970A (en) * 1971-01-29 1973-01-09 Fiber Industries Inc Yarn process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435603A (en) * 1967-10-30 1969-04-01 American Enka Corp Process and apparatus for producing torque in synthetic filaments,fibers and yarns
US3601972A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-08-31 Ici Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic filament yarns
US3708970A (en) * 1971-01-29 1973-01-09 Fiber Industries Inc Yarn process

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994121A (en) * 1974-04-03 1976-11-30 E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Polyhexamethylene adipamide yarn
US4044541A (en) * 1974-04-15 1977-08-30 Teijin Limited Process for producing textured polyester multifilament yarn
US4123492A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-10-31 Monsanto Company Nylon 66 spinning process
US5471828A (en) * 1993-05-04 1995-12-05 Wellman, Inc. Hot feed draw texturing for dark dyeing polyester
US5644906A (en) * 1993-05-04 1997-07-08 Wellman, Inc. Hot feed draw texturing for dark dyeing polyester
US20220063768A1 (en) * 2020-08-25 2022-03-03 Thomas W. Fields Controlled failure point for a rope or mooring loop and method of use thereof
US11597476B2 (en) * 2020-08-25 2023-03-07 Thomas W. Fields Controlled failure point for a rope or mooring loop and method of use thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH551506A (de) 1974-07-15
DE2207849B2 (de) 1976-04-01
DE2207849A1 (de) 1973-08-23

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