EP0089912A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyestergarn mit hoher Festigkeit - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyestergarn mit hoher Festigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0089912A2
EP0089912A2 EP83630028A EP83630028A EP0089912A2 EP 0089912 A2 EP0089912 A2 EP 0089912A2 EP 83630028 A EP83630028 A EP 83630028A EP 83630028 A EP83630028 A EP 83630028A EP 0089912 A2 EP0089912 A2 EP 0089912A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
polyester
godet
high strength
filaments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83630028A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0089912A3 (de
Inventor
Abdel-Hadi Sid-Ahmed
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
Original Assignee
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co filed Critical Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
Publication of EP0089912A2 publication Critical patent/EP0089912A2/de
Publication of EP0089912A3 publication Critical patent/EP0089912A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods

Definitions

  • This invention lies in the art of polyester processing. More specifically, it deals with an improved process for the manufacture of high strength polyester yarn. This improved process allows higher rates of production of yarn with physical properties suitable for use in industrial applications.
  • the process for producing polyester yarn consists of melt extruding the polymer through a shaped orifice having a plurality of capillaries, solidifying the filaments so produced to form a yarn, then applying a finish composition to the yarn surface and drawing the yarn at high temperatures either immediately or at a later time. Variations in the processing conditions determine the physical properties of the yarn and thereby the application.
  • yarn used as reinforcement in articles such as tires or fan belts -must have high strength, that is, tenacities of at least 7.5 g/d, while the most important characteristic for fine denier textile yarn is the capability for accepting a dye uniformly, fiber strength being of secondary importance.
  • Textile grade yarn having good dye uniformity can be produced at winding speeds in excess of 3,000 meters per minute. At this speed, tenacities are in the range of about 2 to 4 grams per denier. To produce industrial yarns having tenacities of about 7.5 grams per denier, the winding speed must be considerably reduced, viz., to about 700 meters per minute or less.
  • This lower winding speed has been the bottleneck which has heretofore determined the rate of production of such yarn, as the drawing process, whether performed immediately subsequent to winding or at a later time, may be carried out at high speeds.
  • polyester yarn may be produced having tenacities of greater than 7.5 grams per denier at a spinning speed of at least 1500 meters per minute.
  • U.S. Patent 2,604, 667 deals with a process for producing undrawn polyester yarn with relatively high tenacity in the "as spun" state. However, the yarn so produced is suitable for textile use and similar uses only as tenacities are below about 6 g/d.
  • U.S. Patent 2,604,689 describes a process for manufacture of polyester yarn having tenacities of below about 3 g/d. Because this patent does not teach the manufacture of high strength yarn it is not pertinent.
  • U.S. Patent 3,715,421 deals with a process for continuous spin draw of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • U.S. Patent 2,918,346 teaches the use of sequential, inert baths during drawing of high density tows of polyester yarn to substantially reduce the incidence of non-orientation. As this patent does not concern itself with increasing the spinning speed, it also is not pertinent.
  • U.S. Patent 2,965,613 relates to novel copolyesters of terephthalic and isophthalic acid and ethylene glycol. The invention does not relate to any process for the production of polyester yarn.
  • U.S. Patent 3,946,100 is concerned with a process for the production of polyester yarn including a conditioning step just after the solidification. The yarn so produced has physical properties below those required for use as a high strength reinforcing yarn.
  • U.S. Patent 3,361,859 discloses a process for retarding the cooling of spun filaments after spinning to give a polymer having lower orientation. Spinning speeds used are well below that claimed by this invention.
  • U.S. Patent 4,195,052 describes a process for making industrial yarn wherein the filaments are melt spun and uniformly quenched under high stress conditions. A two-step draw process produces a yarn having at least 85% of the maximum draw ratio. There is no teaching of high speed spinning.
  • an object of the present invention to provide high strength polyester yarn and a process for manufacture thereof in which spinning speeds are substantially increased over the prior art.
  • a process for the production of high strength polyester yarn comprising the steps of: extruding molten polyester through a plurality of spinnarettes having a diameter of between about 0.75 and 2.5 millimeters, and producing filaments thereby; delaying the quench of said polyester filaments by means of an infrared quench delay collar positioned immediately downstream of said spinnarettes; combining said polyester filaments into a spun yarn; and winding said spun polyester on a winder at a speed of at least 1,500 meters per minute.
  • a high strength polyester comprising: the yarn produced by the process consisting of : extruding molten polyester through a plurality of spinnarettes having a diameter of between about 0.75 and 2.5 millimeters, and producing filaments thereby; delaying the quench of said polyester filaments by means of an infrared quench delay collar positioned immediately downstream of said spinnarette; combining said polyester filaments into a spun yarn; winding said spun polyester on a winder at a speed of at least 1,500 meters per minute; and drawing said spun polyester in either a continuous or discontinuous fashion.
  • Polyester yarn used as tire cord or for other industrial uses must have physical properties imparting high strength.
  • polyester filaments must have a tenacity of at least about 7.5 g/d and elongation of about 9%.
  • this type of yarn is to be contrasted with textile grade yarn wherein the primary consideration is not strength but is the ability to uniformly accept a dye.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate in schematic form for the general process steps of spinning and drawing respectively.
  • Polyester in the form of melt extrudable polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is charged to a hopper 12 which empties into a screw extruder 14 which thereupon mixes and heats the polyester to a temperature of about 287°C.
  • the now molten polyester is pressure fed by the extruder to a spinnarette . 16 having a plurality of capillaries 17 through which the polyester is extruded.
  • the number of capillaries can vary from about 50 to over 100.
  • the extruded filaments are maintained at a temperature near the melting point of PET by a quench delay collar 20 often referred to simply as a quench collar.
  • the filaments are then quenched by an inert gas or air stream 22 of ambient temperature before passing through a chute 24.
  • the filaments 18 are now in a solid state.
  • a tray and kiss roll 26 which applies a conventional spin finish compound to the filaments.
  • the filaments are then converged at point 28 into yarn 30, which is thereafter transported by a pretension godet 32, godets 34 and guide rolls 36 to winder 38, where the yarn is wound and may be either stored for future drawing or may be used as. feed immediately to the drawing process in continuous fashion.
  • Fig. 2 The drawing process is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • Yarn 30 from winder 38 passes between pretension rolls 42 and over guide roll 44 to top godet 46.
  • the yarn then travels around draw pin 50 which localizes the draw at a point just below top godet 46.
  • the amount of draw is governed by the relative rotational speeds of top godet 46 and a bottom godet 56, the latter rotating at a higher speed than top godet 46.
  • the difference in speed determines the draw ratio, that is, the degree of stretch induced in the yarn 30 relative to the predrawn dimensions.
  • the yarn 30 After passing over draw pin 50, the yarn 30 passes over a platen 52 before being wound on the bottom godet 56. Rolls 48 and 58 separate the wraps and keep them from rubbing against each other. Platen 52 is heated to a temperature of about 215°C to about 230°C. From the bottom godet, the now drawn yarn passes through guide loops 60 and is wound onto a spool 62. The yarn is now ready for use at this point.
  • the instant invention provides for various improvements to the above-described process which allows spinning and drawing of high strength industrial polyester yarn.
  • the first modification involves dimensional changes in the capillaries 17. While conventional capillary diameters vary, they are generally between about .3 and about .5 millimeters.
  • the instant invention increases capillary diameter to between about 0.75 and 2.5 millimeters, preferably between about 1.0 and 2.0 millimeters with about 1.52 millimeters being most preferred.
  • the length to diameter ratio of the capillary remains the same as in the conventional process at about 2 to 1.
  • Draw down ratio refers to the quotient of the winding speed divided by the jet velocity, where the jet velocity in meters per minute equals the through-put, c.c./min., divided by the area of spinnarette aperature. Increased draw down results in increased filament or thread line tension. This increased thread line tension correspondingly imparts greater thread line stability to the polymer melt flow at the exit of the capillaries 17.
  • the increase in tension so achieved is generally expected to be accompanied by an increase in molecular orientation or spun yarn birefringence, as mentioned above.
  • the high degree of birefringence in the spun yarn has heretofore resulted in unacceptable physical properties for industrial applications,
  • the quench collar be it of infrared design or of the conventional resistance heater design imparts thermal energy to the filaments 18 undergoing deformation caused by draw down. This increases or maintains chain mobility which correspondingly reduces some of the orientation caused by the draw down.
  • birefringence values have been observed to increase as the winding speed increases. Changes in birefringence represent morphological changes in the polyester yarn. These changes directly effect the physical properties of the yarn after it is drawn.
  • Polyester yarn having birefringence values of greater than 0.0025 have heretofore been unsuitable for industrial applications, that is, their tenacities and elongation values after drawing have been below the minimum required for such use. It has been discovered however that the reason for this decrease in physical properties at the drawing stage may be attributed to the changes in rate of crystallization which occurs when the spun yarn is heated above its glass transition temperature.
  • the rate of crystallization varies depending upon the temperature, reaching a peak and then declining with increased temperature. Increased birefringence has been found to decrease the peak crystallization temperature. In the drawing process, it is required for crystallization not to occur prior to the actual drawing of the yarn. Thus, the temperature of the top godet 46 has been found to be critical to proper drawing of high birefringence yarn.
  • the temperature of the top godet 46 must be sufficiently low so that the rate of crystallization of the yarn 30 is low enough so that physical properties of the yarn after drawing are unaffected.
  • the top godet 46 was heated to a temperature of about 110°C. At this temperature, unacceptable crystallization occurred in the spun yarn.
  • the rate of crystallization is sufficiently low so that acceptable, high strength yarn is produced after drawing.
  • Table IV illustrates the effective top roll temperature on yarn physical properties.
  • the tenacity other, the top godet temperature was left at ambient room temperature. Improved yarn physical properties were obtained with the top godet of the draw twister left at ambient, viz., tenacities and elongations of 7.4 g/d and 14.9% versus 6.6 g/d and 14.3% for a top godet at 110°C.
  • Table IV summarizes the results of this experiment.
  • PET polymer having an I.V. of 0.90 was spun at 1,900 m/min. Simultaneous use of an infrared quench collar, capillaries having a diameter of 1.524 mm and-maintenance of top godet temperature at ambient, gave yarn physical properties of 9.4 g/d at 11% elongation. Table V summarizes the results of this experiment. and elongation are significantly improved over what is observed for top Toll temperatures maintained at 110°C.
  • Fig. 3 shows extruder throughput rates and efficient draw ratio versus winding speed. This figure shows that for a given spinnarette diameter, the throughput through the spinnarettes is non-linear with winding speed. That is, a diminishing return of polymer throughput rate is obsered with increasing winding speed because the draw ratio at which maximum efficiency is achieved is reduced correspondingly.
  • the efficient draw ratio is defined as the ratio needed to obtain optimum yarn physical properties and draw twister performances.
  • Fig. 4 plots spun birefringence versus winding speed. At a winding speed of approximately 1900 meters per minute the birefringence reaches a value in excess of .02 and thus, from the above discussion, it is noted that a high rate of crystallization is reached at this winding speed.
  • PET Polyethylene terephthalate polymer having an intrinsic viscosity (I.V.) of approximately 0.90 was melt extruded using a sinnarette having a standard capillary diameter of 0.381 mm. Spinning speeds of 620 and 1,900 meters per minute were used. The spun yarns were then drawn at conventional draw twister conditions. The yarn tenacity and elongation were 8.8 g/d and 14% respectively for 760 m/min. and 6.6 g/d and 14.4% respectively for the 1,900 m/min. winding speed. This example is summarized in Table II.
  • PET polymer having approximately 0.90 I.V. was melt extruded and wound at 1,900 m/min.
  • the capillary diameter of the spinnarette used was 0.381 mm.
  • Two types of quench collars were used, one adapted with the convection heating elements (resistant type) and one with the infrared elements.
  • the spun yarns were then drawn on the draw twister using conventional conditions.
  • the yarn tenacity and elongation were 6.6 g/d and 14.3% respectively when the infrared collar was used.
  • the convection collar gave yarn tenacity of 5.54 g/d and yarn elongation to break of 12.0%. This example is summarized in Table II.
  • PET polymer 0.90 I.V. was melt extruded through a spinnarette with a 0.381 mm. capillary diameter.
  • the spun yarn was quenched with a convection type quench collar and wound at 1,900 m/ min.
  • the spun yarn was drawn at two different draw twister conditions. In one case, the temperature of the draw twister top godet was 110°C and in the
  • teachings of this invention can be applied to either a two stage spin and draw process or to a one stage spin and draw process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP83630028A 1982-02-22 1983-02-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyestergarn mit hoher Festigkeit Withdrawn EP0089912A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35077182A 1982-02-22 1982-02-22
US350771 1982-02-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0089912A2 true EP0089912A2 (de) 1983-09-28
EP0089912A3 EP0089912A3 (de) 1984-03-28

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EP83630028A Withdrawn EP0089912A3 (de) 1982-02-22 1983-02-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyestergarn mit hoher Festigkeit

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EP (1) EP0089912A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS58156017A (de)
BR (1) BR8300666A (de)
ZA (1) ZA83849B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0173221A2 (de) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-05 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Hochfestes Polyestergarn und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
WO1990000638A1 (en) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-25 Allied-Signal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
WO1990004667A1 (en) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for highly dimensionally stable treated cords
US5234764A (en) * 1988-07-05 1993-08-10 Allied-Signal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treaty cords
EP0726338A2 (de) * 1995-02-10 1996-08-14 B a r m a g AG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines multifilen Fadens
US6168747B1 (en) 1998-02-04 2001-01-02 Arteva North America S.A.R.L. Calendering apparatus and method for heating a traveling multi-filament tow
EP1279753A1 (de) * 2001-02-26 2003-01-29 Toray Industries, Inc. Verfahren zur herstellung von synthetischen fasern und fadentraversiervorrichtung
US6828021B2 (en) 1988-07-05 2004-12-07 Alliedsignal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
CN109137097A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2019-01-04 福建凯邦锦纶科技有限公司 一种仿真蚕丝的制备工艺

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1006136A (en) * 1962-01-02 1965-09-29 Du Pont Improvements relating to polyethylene terephthalate textile filaments
GB1111649A (en) * 1965-07-08 1968-05-01 Fuji Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for melt spinning of synthetic filaments
GB1174101A (en) * 1966-04-01 1969-12-10 Ici Ltd High Tenacity Yarns made from Polyethylene Terephthalate, particularly for Sailcloth
US4070432A (en) * 1975-02-13 1978-01-24 Allied Chemical Corporation Production of low shrink polyester fiber
US4251481A (en) * 1979-05-24 1981-02-17 Allied Chemical Corporation Continuous spin-draw polyester process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1006136A (en) * 1962-01-02 1965-09-29 Du Pont Improvements relating to polyethylene terephthalate textile filaments
GB1111649A (en) * 1965-07-08 1968-05-01 Fuji Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for melt spinning of synthetic filaments
GB1174101A (en) * 1966-04-01 1969-12-10 Ici Ltd High Tenacity Yarns made from Polyethylene Terephthalate, particularly for Sailcloth
US4070432A (en) * 1975-02-13 1978-01-24 Allied Chemical Corporation Production of low shrink polyester fiber
US4251481A (en) * 1979-05-24 1981-02-17 Allied Chemical Corporation Continuous spin-draw polyester process

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0173221A2 (de) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-05 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Hochfestes Polyestergarn und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
EP0173221A3 (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-05-28 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft High-strength polyester yarn and process for its preparation
US4973657A (en) * 1984-08-30 1990-11-27 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft High-strength polyester yarn and process for its preparation
WO1990000638A1 (en) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-25 Allied-Signal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
US6403006B1 (en) 1988-07-05 2002-06-11 Alliedsignal Inc. Process of making dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
US6828021B2 (en) 1988-07-05 2004-12-07 Alliedsignal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
US5630976A (en) * 1988-07-05 1997-05-20 Alliedsignal Inc. Process of making dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
US5234764A (en) * 1988-07-05 1993-08-10 Allied-Signal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treaty cords
US5403659A (en) * 1988-07-05 1995-04-04 Alliedsignal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
US7108818B2 (en) 1988-07-05 2006-09-19 Performance Fibers, Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for high tenacity treated cords
WO1990004667A1 (en) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for highly dimensionally stable treated cords
AU638942B2 (en) * 1988-10-28 1993-07-15 Performance Fibers, Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for highly dimensionally stable treated cords
US5067538A (en) * 1988-10-28 1991-11-26 Allied-Signal Inc. Dimensionally stable polyester yarn for highly dimensionally stable treated cords and composite materials such as tires made therefrom
EP0726338A3 (de) * 1995-02-10 1996-11-06 Barmag Barmer Maschf Verfahren zur Herstellung eines multifilen Fadens
US5661880A (en) * 1995-02-10 1997-09-02 Barmag Ag Method and apparatus for producing a multifilament yarn by a spin-draw process
EP0726338A2 (de) * 1995-02-10 1996-08-14 B a r m a g AG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines multifilen Fadens
US6168747B1 (en) 1998-02-04 2001-01-02 Arteva North America S.A.R.L. Calendering apparatus and method for heating a traveling multi-filament tow
EP1279753A1 (de) * 2001-02-26 2003-01-29 Toray Industries, Inc. Verfahren zur herstellung von synthetischen fasern und fadentraversiervorrichtung
EP1279753A4 (de) * 2001-02-26 2006-08-02 Toray Industries Verfahren zur herstellung von synthetischen fasern und fadentraversiervorrichtung
CN109137097A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2019-01-04 福建凯邦锦纶科技有限公司 一种仿真蚕丝的制备工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA83849B (en) 1984-02-29
EP0089912A3 (de) 1984-03-28
BR8300666A (pt) 1983-11-08
JPS58156017A (ja) 1983-09-16

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