US3834110A - Method for the manufacture of prefabricated housing units - Google Patents

Method for the manufacture of prefabricated housing units Download PDF

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Publication number
US3834110A
US3834110A US00260962A US26096272A US3834110A US 3834110 A US3834110 A US 3834110A US 00260962 A US00260962 A US 00260962A US 26096272 A US26096272 A US 26096272A US 3834110 A US3834110 A US 3834110A
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mold
cells
panels
slabs
slab
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US00260962A
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English (en)
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M Vercelletto
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This method relates to the construction of buildings or structures from units forming cells fabricated and equipped in the factory and assembled on the erection site. According to this method, a plurality of cells designed to form a construction unit, house or building storey, are manufactured in the factory side by side and exactly in the respective position occupied by the cells once the building is completed after setting up which are inde pendent fro meach other and which are detachable.
  • This invention relates to a method for the manufacture of housing units and, generally, buildings or prem ises made up of cells fabricated and equipped in the factory or at a site having industrial facilities and then transported and assembled on the building site for final erection.
  • Another disadvantage of such a construction method lies in the difficulty of providing in advance the technical equipment such as water, heat, etc.. piping and ducts in each cell.
  • the technical equipment such as water, heat, etc.. piping and ducts in each cell.
  • great difficulty is encountered in connecting such piping or other technical equipment when the cells are assembled if this equipment was installed in advance independently in each cell, especially since differences in the position of these equipments in the various cells are added to the offsets between them. Accordingly, the invention seeks to eliminate these disadvantages.
  • it relates, firstly, to a method for the construction of buildings or structures from units forming cells fabricated and equipped in the factory and designed to be assembled on the construction site, this process being distinguished in that a plurality of cells designed to form a construction unit, house or building storey, are manufactured in the factory side by side and exactly in the respective position occupied by the cells once the building is completed after setting up and assembling, the cells being however made using units which are independent from each other and which are detachable.
  • the cells fabricated side by side according to a layout corresponding to the final arrangement planned for their assembly on the building site are manufactured by the assembly of elements placed on fixtures forming jigs or supports common to the cells belonging to the same assembly coming from a single fabrication.
  • the floor slabs of the cells belonging to the same assembly arranged at the same level are made of concrete cast in a single mould, this mould being provided with partitioning elements suitable for separating the slabs belonging to each cell.
  • Another object of the invention is an apparatus for the implementation of the present method.
  • This apparatus comprises a plane horizontal mould suitable for receiving a pouring of concrete and for conforming to the floor slabs of the cells, the mould having the form and the dimensions of the floor of the housing unit and being provided with partitions suitable for separating the floor of the assembly into basic slabs each corresponding to the floor or to the base of a cell.
  • This apparatus also includes, along the two longitudinal edges of the mould of the floor slabs, a series of fastening means capable of maintaining temporarily in a vertical position prefabricated panels designed to form the corresponding walls of the different cells during fabrication.
  • FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of an installation according to the invention with an assembly of cells during manufacture according to the present method
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view representing the temporary fastening means for the vertical panels designed to form the outer walls of each cell;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view along the line III-Ill of FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are similar views illustrating two successive phases of the operation of withdrawing the temporary fastening means of a vertical panel
  • FIG. 6 is a partial view in perspective representing one end of a cell, after fabrication is completed, and when it is still resting on the corresponding mould (to simplify the drawing, the end'panels of the two contiguous cells are not shown in this figure);
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are partial sectional views along the lines VII-VII and VIII-VIII of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a view similar to that of FIG. 6 illustrating an embodiment variant.
  • the implementation of the present method is achieved by manufacturing side by side a series of individual cells designated by the general references 1, la, lb, 1c, 1d..
  • Each cell comprises a floor slab 2, two end vertical panels 3 and one ceiling element 4. Moreover, each cell can include, on the inside, one or more separating partitions 5'.
  • each cell corresponds to the width of the considered construction unit, so that the vertical end panels 3 constitute part of the corresponding outer walls of this unit; for example, one of the storeys of a house.
  • vertical panels are arranged on the outer longitudinal sides of the first and of the last cell of the same assembly to form the corresponding outer walls of this construction unit.
  • the different cells from a given assembly are fabricated in a single mould designated by the general reference 6. This mould is designed to allow the casting of floor slabs 2 made of reinforced concrete.
  • This mould is made up of a horizontal platform having a series of transverse channels 7 separating the location of the slabs 2 of each cell. Moreover, each of these channels contains a partitioning element capable of separating the two adjacent slabs 2 which are thus independent from each other, although made at the same time by a single pouring of concrete, and this in their final position.
  • This partitioning element can advantageously consist of a shape 8 having a cross section in the form of an inverted T and whose lower branch constitutes a thrust flange. These partitioning elements are independent of the mould 6 and are subsequently removed from it with 3 the cells 1, 1a, but, they can later be separated from them.
  • the platform 9'corresponding to each individual slab 2 can include 'a relief suitable for providing an underface of desired form possibly including ribs.
  • This trench contains a horizontal rail 13 placedalong the edge of the mould 6 under the location provided for the edge of the corresponding end of the floor 2 of the different cells.
  • This rail is supported by two hydraulic jacks 14 placed near each end of the mould.
  • These jacks allow the two longitudinal rails to be raised into the stripping position as will be explained further below. However, in the rest position of these jacks, the rails 13 are retracted to serve as supports for the shuttering elements of the inner face of the ends of the slabs 2.
  • These shuttering elements can consist of simple shims 15 placed on the rails 13 between rolling devices-16, themselves arranged under the ends of each partitioning element 8 ⁇ -see FIG. 6). Each of these rolling devices can consist of a series of rollers.
  • each trench 12 On the opposite edge of each trench 12 is provided a series of attachment shoes 17, two such shoes being placed opposite the corresponding end of each cell 1. These shoes are capable of allowing the placing of a series of vertical frames18 designed to serve as backing elements for the end panels 3 of each cell.
  • Each of these elements is composed of a frame proper made, for example, of metallic shapes and inside which are provided cross struts 19. Near its lower corners, each frame has a lug 20 provided with a swivelling trunnion 21. The swivelling trunnions of a frame 18 are designed to be engaged in a bent groove 22 provided on the inner face of the two correspondingattachment shoes 17.
  • a removable key 23 is inserted in the rear part of the groove 22 of each shoe 17 so as to maintain the corresponding trunnion 21 toward the front, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • each frame 18 has'a rim. 34 designed to serve as a bearing surface for the lower edge of the outer face of the corresponding panel 3.
  • each frame 18 On its upper end, each frame 18 has a horizontal bar 26 whose ends have flanges 27 allowing their connection with the corresponding ends of the similar bar of the adjacent supporting element. At the lower part of these frames are moreover provided horizontal arms 28 also equipped with assembly flanges 29.
  • these panels are made of reinforced concrete, but their structure could be different. These panels could be hollow and also contain insulating fittings.
  • each of these panels has, on its front face, an extension 30 of small thickness capable of serving as shuttering for the corresponding end of the floor slab 2 of the respective cell (see FIG. 3).
  • the extensions thus provided are designed to be embedded in the floor slab 2 of the corresponding cell,
  • each slab-2 is also embedded in each slab-2. It is also possible to place, before pouring these slabs, a suitable insulating material and, if desired, additional assembly elements making it possible to subsequently unite side by side the individ ual slabs of two adjacent cells.
  • the pouring of the concrete to be used for forming the slabs 2 is done in a single operation. However, the different slabs 2 still remain separated owing to the presence of the partitioning elements 8. These slabs are however perfectly juxtaposed and do not present any distortion owing to the fact that they are poured together.
  • the re- Y quired intermediate partitions S are made inside the different cells 1, la
  • These can be made in different ways, for example from prefabricated panels.
  • the latter can be embedded at their base in the slabs 2 or can be attached by means of hollow or projecting elements provided during the pouring of the slabs, or forming part of the partitions themselves.
  • the partitions which extend inside several contiguous cells,'can be separated by partioning elements arranged between two cells. However, it is possible to make them in a continuous manner and to cut them subsequently.
  • the required technical equipment is also installed in the different cells, for example sanitary (35 and 35a) and heating (36) appliances.
  • the ducts and pipes leading to these different appliances are also placed inside the cells, by simply providing suitable couplings between their different parts which extend inside different cells so that after the connection of these cells on the erection site it is sufficient to assemble these couplings so that the pipes and ducts are in operating condition.
  • the inner partitions 5 as well as the panels 3 include the necessary window frames and doors and all other required equipment.
  • the ceiling elements 4 of the different cells are placed on the latter; these elements can have any desired structure.
  • the rails 13 extend outside of the corresponding manufacturing plant and can possibly be connected to other tracks.
  • the cells can be transported individually. In fact, it is then possible to raise them one after the other by means of a crane to place them on trucks or transport platforms. On the erection sites, it is then sufficient to proceed with the assembly of these different cells exactly in the respective positions they occupied during their fabrication.
  • This assembly can be carried out by any suitable means, for example by means of complementary assembly components provided on the adjacent edges of the slabs 2 as well as on the contiguous edges of the vertical panels 3. Since these cells have been fabricated in the position they are to occupy at this point, they are perfectly juxtaposed without any distortion between them. The different walls of the corresponding building thus form continuous surfaces without any irregularity. Moreover, the internal technical equipment will be perfectly connected. It is thus sufficient to connect them again, for example by means of couplings provided for this purpose.
  • the method according to the invention gets around the usual drawbacks of construction methods based upon the assembly of prefabricated cells.
  • this method and the corresponding apparatus can be used not only for the construction of family houses, but also for erecting several storeys of a building or of any other structure.
  • the elements 18 designed to support the panels 3 in the same vertical plane could be used to keep these panels inclined successively toward one side or another to form walls whose contour would take on the form of a broken line. It would also be possible to use these elements to maintain the end panels 3 inclined on the horizontal successively in one direction and then in the other.
  • vertical panel designates not only a material wall, solid or hollow, but also an assemblage of uprights, for example a pair of uprights provided at the corners of the considered wall.
  • FIG. 9 represents a variant in which the slabs 2 do not come directly into contact on the longitudinal lifting rails 13.
  • the ends of the corresponding slabs 2a terminate before the location of the lifting rails.
  • suitable gripping components for example lugs or gussets 37 are fitted on the corners of the slabs 2 so as to bear on the roller elements 16 previously described.
  • These components can be attached by means of bolts 38. It is also possible for these components to be eliminated by extending the partitioning elements 8 so that their ends bear on the rolling elements 16.
  • a method of erecting building stories, each made from a plurality of cells comprising the steps of:
  • Method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising the step of placing one or more rolling members under the separating elements of each said side-by-side cell prior to casting the slab, and rolling the cell assembly away from the mold area after molding is complete.
  • Method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising the step of placing one or more rolling members beneath the locations selected for the end of the slab of each side-by-side cell, and rolling the cell assembly awayfrom the mold area after molding is complete.
  • Method of constructing building stories as set forth in claim 1 further comprising the steps of providing relief portions in said mold and lifting the cells away from the mold after completion to release the slab from the relief portions of the mold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
US00260962A 1971-06-17 1972-06-08 Method for the manufacture of prefabricated housing units Expired - Lifetime US3834110A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7122028A FR2141580B1 (en, 2012) 1971-06-17 1971-06-17

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US3834110A true US3834110A (en) 1974-09-10

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US (1) US3834110A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE784869A (en, 2012)
BR (1) BR7203922D0 (en, 2012)
CA (1) CA985880A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH553892A (en, 2012)
DD (1) DD109050A5 (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE2229264C2 (en, 2012)
ES (1) ES403827A1 (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR2141580B1 (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL7208326A (en, 2012)
ZA (1) ZA724099B (en, 2012)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940903A (en) * 1973-04-25 1976-03-02 Credelca A.G. Prefabricated transportable room element for use in the construction of a plural storey building
US3992848A (en) * 1973-05-25 1976-11-23 Credelca A.G. Buildings
US3999355A (en) * 1974-01-31 1976-12-28 Credelca Ag Method of constructing a transportable prefabricated room element
US4021979A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-05-10 Associated Concrete Products, Inc. Aligning bracket for underground sectional precast concrete structures and method of assembly
US4040227A (en) * 1972-10-03 1977-08-09 Lely Cornelis V D Methods of manufacturing building sections
US4124964A (en) * 1975-10-31 1978-11-14 Juriss Ivan B Buildings
US4378664A (en) * 1979-06-08 1983-04-05 Pilar Development Corporation System for constructing a building
US4744182A (en) * 1983-02-28 1988-05-17 Trus-Us, Inc. Modular building structure and method
US5167842A (en) * 1989-11-10 1992-12-01 Entreprise Vercelletto Installation for the fabrication of cells to be subsequently assembled side by side in order to constitute a construction unit
US5402618A (en) * 1991-12-31 1995-04-04 Cable Bridge Enterprises Limited System for use in fabricating, transporting and placing a prefabricated building unit at its placement site
US20040160084A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-19 Ryan Mason Transporter for a house
US20040160085A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-19 Paul Kerr External support structure for use in the transporting of a house
US20060096198A1 (en) * 2003-01-29 2006-05-11 Kmet Walter A Reusable worker housing and methods relating thereto
US7086209B1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2006-08-08 Nelson, L.C. Method for constructing a building and resulting building
US20070264110A1 (en) * 2006-05-09 2007-11-15 Rhodes Design And Development Corporation Building transport device
US20080111327A1 (en) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-15 Rhodes Design And Development Corporation Transport device capable of adjustment to maintain load planarity
US20080164078A1 (en) * 2007-01-05 2008-07-10 Rhodes Design And Development Corporation Device and method for transporting a load
US20080184659A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Method and apparatus for sheltered, in-place home building
US20080184658A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Method for setting a building on a subdivision lot
US20080184640A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Movable building and building foundation
US20080184630A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Home manufacturing facility
US20080289287A1 (en) * 2007-05-21 2008-11-27 James Rhodes Building manufacturing facility with rotatable subassembly areas
US20090025322A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 James Rhodes Method and apparatus for building homes in a factory lacking a roof or exterior wall
US20100024350A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 Green Horizon Manufacturing Llc Method for deploying cooperating prefabricated structures
CN103061516A (zh) * 2013-01-15 2013-04-24 中南大学 一种新型子结构模块式预制拼装框架结构拼装方法
US20190234065A1 (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-08-01 Willliam H. Bigelow Building Module with Pourable Foam and Cable
EP3455423A4 (en) * 2016-05-10 2020-04-15 Dragages Singapore Pte Ltd METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND ASSEMBLING A RANGE OF MODULES IN PRE-PREPARED PRE-TREATED VOLUMETRIC CONSTRUCTION (PPCV)
CN111421030A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-17 毅德建筑咨询(上海)有限公司 一种冷弯装配建筑预制构件生产线和生产工艺

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2704476B1 (fr) * 1993-04-27 1997-08-22 Malie Fils Sci Famille Installation pour la fabrication en série de bâtiments de faible surface au sol et bâtiments réalisés.
DE10046138C2 (de) * 2000-09-15 2003-02-06 Glatthaar Fertigkeller Ag Beri Fertigmodul für Gebäudeetagen eines Hauses und Verfahren zur Herstellung und Aufbau von Gebäudeteilen aus Fertigmodulen

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1028930A (en) * 1911-05-20 1912-06-11 Delac Plaster Co Machine for making plaster-board.
US1856906A (en) * 1930-09-11 1932-05-03 Carvel Richard Building construction
US3676536A (en) * 1969-01-10 1972-07-11 Shelley Systems Inc System for producing modular building blocks

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE623330A (en, 2012) * 1961-11-07

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1028930A (en) * 1911-05-20 1912-06-11 Delac Plaster Co Machine for making plaster-board.
US1856906A (en) * 1930-09-11 1932-05-03 Carvel Richard Building construction
US3676536A (en) * 1969-01-10 1972-07-11 Shelley Systems Inc System for producing modular building blocks

Cited By (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4040227A (en) * 1972-10-03 1977-08-09 Lely Cornelis V D Methods of manufacturing building sections
US3940903A (en) * 1973-04-25 1976-03-02 Credelca A.G. Prefabricated transportable room element for use in the construction of a plural storey building
US3992848A (en) * 1973-05-25 1976-11-23 Credelca A.G. Buildings
US3999355A (en) * 1974-01-31 1976-12-28 Credelca Ag Method of constructing a transportable prefabricated room element
US4124964A (en) * 1975-10-31 1978-11-14 Juriss Ivan B Buildings
US4021979A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-05-10 Associated Concrete Products, Inc. Aligning bracket for underground sectional precast concrete structures and method of assembly
US4378664A (en) * 1979-06-08 1983-04-05 Pilar Development Corporation System for constructing a building
US4744182A (en) * 1983-02-28 1988-05-17 Trus-Us, Inc. Modular building structure and method
US5167842A (en) * 1989-11-10 1992-12-01 Entreprise Vercelletto Installation for the fabrication of cells to be subsequently assembled side by side in order to constitute a construction unit
US5402618A (en) * 1991-12-31 1995-04-04 Cable Bridge Enterprises Limited System for use in fabricating, transporting and placing a prefabricated building unit at its placement site
US20060254161A1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2006-11-16 Pruin Richard A Method for constructing a building and resulting building
US7086209B1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2006-08-08 Nelson, L.C. Method for constructing a building and resulting building
US20060248812A1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2006-11-09 Pruitt Richard A Methods for constructing a building and resulting building
US20060254199A1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2006-11-16 Pruitt Richard A Methods for constructing a building and resulting building
US20040160085A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-19 Paul Kerr External support structure for use in the transporting of a house
US20040160084A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-19 Ryan Mason Transporter for a house
US20060096198A1 (en) * 2003-01-29 2006-05-11 Kmet Walter A Reusable worker housing and methods relating thereto
US7765745B2 (en) 2003-01-29 2010-08-03 Atco Structures & Logistics Ltd. Reusable worker housing and methods relating thereto
US20080313974A1 (en) * 2003-01-29 2008-12-25 Atco Structures Inc. Reusable worker housing and methods relating thereto
US7452173B2 (en) 2006-05-09 2008-11-18 Custom Quality Homes, L.L.C. Building transport device
US20070264110A1 (en) * 2006-05-09 2007-11-15 Rhodes Design And Development Corporation Building transport device
US20080111327A1 (en) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-15 Rhodes Design And Development Corporation Transport device capable of adjustment to maintain load planarity
US20080164078A1 (en) * 2007-01-05 2008-07-10 Rhodes Design And Development Corporation Device and method for transporting a load
US20080184659A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Method and apparatus for sheltered, in-place home building
US20080184658A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Method for setting a building on a subdivision lot
US20080184640A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Movable building and building foundation
US20080184630A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 James Rhodes Home manufacturing facility
US20080289287A1 (en) * 2007-05-21 2008-11-27 James Rhodes Building manufacturing facility with rotatable subassembly areas
US20090025322A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 James Rhodes Method and apparatus for building homes in a factory lacking a roof or exterior wall
US20100024350A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 Green Horizon Manufacturing Llc Method for deploying cooperating prefabricated structures
US20100024349A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 Green Horizon Manufacturing Llc Method of deploying a prefabricated structure
US20100024353A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 Green Horizon Manufacturing Llc Method for deploying prefabricated structures arranged in a complementary layout
US20100024322A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 Green Horizon Manufacturing Llc System and method to stabilize a prefabricated structure
US8151537B2 (en) * 2008-07-29 2012-04-10 Green Horizon Manufacturing Llc Method for deploying cooperating prefabricated structures
CN103061516A (zh) * 2013-01-15 2013-04-24 中南大学 一种新型子结构模块式预制拼装框架结构拼装方法
CN103061516B (zh) * 2013-01-15 2015-07-08 中南大学 一种新型子结构模块式预制拼装框架结构拼装方法
EP3455423A4 (en) * 2016-05-10 2020-04-15 Dragages Singapore Pte Ltd METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND ASSEMBLING A RANGE OF MODULES IN PRE-PREPARED PRE-TREATED VOLUMETRIC CONSTRUCTION (PPCV)
US20190234065A1 (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-08-01 Willliam H. Bigelow Building Module with Pourable Foam and Cable
US10683661B2 (en) * 2018-01-30 2020-06-16 William H. Bigelow Building module with pourable foam and cable
CN111421030A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-17 毅德建筑咨询(上海)有限公司 一种冷弯装配建筑预制构件生产线和生产工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE784869A (fr) 1972-10-02
ZA724099B (en) 1973-03-28
DE2229264C2 (de) 1982-03-11
CA985880A (en) 1976-03-23
FR2141580B1 (en, 2012) 1976-05-28
DE2229264A1 (de) 1972-12-21
BR7203922D0 (pt) 1973-06-14
ES403827A1 (es) 1975-12-16
DD109050A5 (en, 2012) 1974-10-12
CH553892A (fr) 1974-09-13
FR2141580A1 (en, 2012) 1973-01-26
NL7208326A (en, 2012) 1972-12-19

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