US3830720A - Material for preventing crevice corrosion - Google Patents

Material for preventing crevice corrosion Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3830720A
US3830720A US00146419A US14641971A US3830720A US 3830720 A US3830720 A US 3830720A US 00146419 A US00146419 A US 00146419A US 14641971 A US14641971 A US 14641971A US 3830720 A US3830720 A US 3830720A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
core wire
boiler
stainless steel
corrosion
aluminum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00146419A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
T Misaki
H Satoh
Y Mizutani
I Ohba
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3830720A publication Critical patent/US3830720A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/933—Sacrificial component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757—Fe

Definitions

  • crevice corrosion of stainless steel tank often occurs in water environment containing an impurity (Cl ion, etc.).
  • the stainless steel container or tank is manufactured by bending and welding a stainless steel plate, and the chlorine ion in water concentrates in the gaps and the concentration of oxygen in the gaps decreases. Consequently, an electrochemical crevice corro- SlOll occurs in the gaps as Well as pitting and stress corrosion cracking. This crevice corrosion is an important problem in the above described apparatus.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above described fault and we pronounce a sacrificing anode capable of preventing the crevice corrosion in the crevice in stainless steel container or tank. That is, the above described crevice corrosion is an important problem in Water boilers or heat exchangers made of stainless steel plate and as the means for solving this problem, a variety of processes for preventing the corrosion have been proposed.
  • the sacrificing anode according to the present invention is a composite metal rod in which stainless steel is used as a core wire and the cover metal is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • This composite metal uses stainless steel wire as the core wire and therefore jig to be used for fitting a commercial sacrificing anode is not needed and such wire can be easily fitted by an easy method, for example, spot welding.
  • aluminum alloy wire uncomposite metal
  • alumina is formed on the surface and the contact resistance increases and an efficiency of corrosion preventing current is low.
  • stainless steel is used in the core wire, so that the contact resistance decreases and the efiiciency of corrosion preventing current is high.
  • This composite metal may be triangle, square, star and the like other than circular shape depend- "ice ing upon the shape of the portion to prevent corrosion attack.
  • the manufacture by drawing is most preferable and for the purpose, the suitable dimension of the crosssection to extrude into cylindrical or rod shaped sacrificing anode has been studied and it has been found that when the ratio of the thickness of aluminum (coating metal) to the diameter of the cross-section of chromium series or chromium-nickel series stainless steel core wire is 0.5 to 10, the drawing can be effected most preferably. When said ratio is more than 10, the dimension of the cross-section of the composite metal wire is too large and the drawing cannot be effected satisfactorily, while when said ratio is less than 0.5, the thickness of aluminum material layer is too thin and the corrosion preventing effect is lost in a short time.
  • FIG. '1 is a perspective view of the sacrificing anode of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water boiler fitting the sacrificing anode of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the boiler shown in FIG. 2 taken on line A-A;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the gap portion in 'FIG. 2.
  • 18-8 series stainless steel wire 1 is used as the core wire and is coated with aluminum or aluminum alloy 2.
  • the rod-shaped material to be used as the core wire must be the same quality as the material composing the container or boiler and when the boiler is made of 1'8-8 series stainless steel plate, the core wire is composed of 18-8 series stainless steel. Because, if the container or boiler and the core metal are not the same metal, the core metal is not favorably welded to the container or boiler and further if there is the stainless steel core wire 1, even if aluminum coating material 2 is corroded locally, the eifect can be kept by the presence of the core wire '1 until the aluminum coating material is completely consumed.
  • the ratio (T/D) of the thickness (T) of the aluminum coating layer 2 to the diameter (D) of 18-8 series stainless steel core wire is about 0.5 to 10 based on the above described reason and within this range, the ratio is selected properly considering the condition of the loation to be fitted and the like.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the water boiler wherein the sacrificing anode of the present invention is fitted on the boiler, the structure of which is well known.
  • the fuel is ignited by a burner 4 and burned in a combustion chamber 5 and the formed gas is discharged upwardly from the water boiler through smoke tubes 6 and 7, which are arranged concentrically in the casing 8.
  • Hot water containing a sufficient amount of a boiler compound is introduced into the casing 8 through an inlet 9 and circulated in the casing 8 and during the circulation, the hot water is heated through the wall surface of the tubes 6 and 7 by the combustion gas.
  • the heated water heats the fluid in a chamber 10 and flows out from an outlet 11 and returns to the inlet 9.
  • the chamber 10 containing the fluid to be heated is made of 18-8 series stainless steel and is constituted with a cylinder 12, upper and lower covers 13, 14 and into the chamber 10, the fluid is charged from an inlet 16 and discharged from an outlet 15 while being heated.
  • the sacrificing anode of the present invention is fitted in a gap of the welded portion in the chamber 10 of the water boiler and the fitting manner is shown in FIG. 4 by an enlarged view. That is, both the ends of the cylinder 12 are welded to the upper cover 13 and the lower cover 14 and in the vicinity of the gap in the welded portion 18, both the ends of the core wire of the sacrificing anode are welded to the stainless steel cylinder 12 by TIG welding.
  • Water boiler Water boiler is fitted with no sacrificing anode.
  • Test period 1 month Corrosion: Pitting and stress corrosion cracking were observed at the gap 17 in the chamber 10 shown in FIG. 2. Particularly, the cylinder 12 was perforated by corrosion. Such corrosion was also formed in 3 portions on the upper cover 13.
  • Water boiler Water boiler is fitted with the sacrificing anode according to the present invention.
  • the coating material 2 is that shown in JIS 1100 (Aluminum, purity 99.00%, upper; ASTM 990A; B.S. 1B; DIN A1 99), and the core wire 1 is 18-8 (2) stainless steel.
  • Test period 3 years Corrosion: There were no problems after the boiler was used for 3 years. Particularly, after the boiler was used for 3 years, the potential difference was 300 mv. at a Water temperature of 85 to 90 C. This value was substantially the same as the value just before the boiler was used.
  • Water boiler is fitted with the sacrificing anode according to the present invention.
  • the coating material 2 is that shown in HS 5056 (Aluminum alloy; mg 5.2%, Mn 0.1%, Cr 0.1%, balance Al; B.S. N6; DIN AlMg and the core wire 1 is 18-8 (2) stainless steel.
  • Water boiler Water boiler is fitted with an aluminum sacrificing anode in the center of the chamber 10.
  • Water boiler Sacrificing anode consisting of mild steel core wire coated with aluminum coating material is arranged near the gap, and the mild steel core wire is welded to the stainless steel boiler.
  • Test conditions of the above described 'Experment No. 1 to 5 are as follows.
  • Operation time of water boiler 8 hours/ day
  • Temperature of circulating water containing a boiler compound 90 to 95 C. at the outlet 11 of FIG. 2.
  • the water boiler was operated for 8 hours per day, and the corroded state of the boiler was observed.
  • the temperature of circulating water at the inlet 9 was to C. and that at the outlet 11 was 90 to C.
  • the temperature of water to be heated at the inlet was room temperature and that at the outlet was 80 to 85 C.
  • the water to be heated was adjusted to a Cl ion concentration of p.p.m. by adding NaCl to city water.
  • crevice corrosion often occurs at the gap of the welded portion in the stainless steel container or boiler, and the corrosion develops rapidly depending upon the water to be treated and the life of the container or boiler is shortened. In such a case, it is effective for preventing the crevice corrosion to fit aluminum or aluminum alloy sacrificing anode.
  • such means still has defects as shown in the above Experiment No. 4. Moveover, particular caution is required in order to fit the aluminum or aluminum alloy single component sacrificing anode to the gap, because. aluminum and aluminum alloy themselves are dissolved out partly or wholly and broken, whereby they are separated from the container or boiler.
  • the above described drawbacks which occur in the use of mild steel can be obviated. That is, in the sacrificing anode according to the present invention, stainless steel is used as the core wire, and aluminum or aluminum alloy is used as the coating material.
  • the sacrificing anode of the present invention is produced by adhering the coatitng material around the core wire by mechanical means, such as pressing and the like; by casting the coating material around the core wire and then drawing the resulting cast; or by coating the surface of the core wire with the coating material and then drawing the resulting mass.
  • the thus obtained sacrificing anode can be fitted to the stainless steel boiler by welding the core wire to the boiler, and consequently the welded portion is not corroded and has a high efi'iciency of corrosion preventing current.
  • preferable sacrificing anode is one produced by casting the aluminum or aluminum alloy coating material around the stainless steel core Wire and then drawing the resulting cast or by coating the surface of the stainless steel core wire with the aluminum or aluminum alloy coating material and then drawing the resulting mass.
  • the core wire of the sacrificing anode according to the present invention is made of the same series stainless steel as that of the boiler, even if the sacrificing anode is fitted to the boiler by spot welding, corrosion due to the potential difierence caused in the boiler does not occur, and the boiler can be used for a long period of time.
  • a mild steel core wire is used as shown in the above described Experiment No. 5
  • corrosion occurs in the welded portion of the mild steel core wire to the stainless steel boiler.
  • mild steel and stainless steel are welded, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the welded metal are naturally deteriorated.
  • An apparatus having crevice corrosion preventing means comprising: a housing adapted to being used in a water environment and composed of a chromium series or chromium-nickel series stainless steel, said housing having at least one crevice or gap therein subjected to corrosion; and a sacrificing anode consisting of a core wire made from the same stainless steel as said housing and a surrounding sheath of aluminum or aluminum alloy, said sacrificing anode being located in the vicinity of said crevice or gap in the housing, said stainless steel core wire being in contact with the stainless steel surface of the 6 housing, the ratio of the thickness of said sheath to the diameter of said core wire being about 0.5 to 10.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
US00146419A 1970-05-30 1971-05-24 Material for preventing crevice corrosion Expired - Lifetime US3830720A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP45046003A JPS5216975B1 (enExample) 1970-05-30 1970-05-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3830720A true US3830720A (en) 1974-08-20

Family

ID=12734886

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00146419A Expired - Lifetime US3830720A (en) 1970-05-30 1971-05-24 Material for preventing crevice corrosion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3830720A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5216975B1 (enExample)
BE (1) BE767859A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2127499A1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1318327A (enExample)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10301556B2 (en) 2016-08-24 2019-05-28 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for the conversion of feedstock hydrocarbons to petrochemical products
US10603657B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2020-03-31 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Nano-sized zeolite supported catalysts and methods for their production
US10689587B2 (en) 2017-04-26 2020-06-23 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and processes for conversion of crude oil
US10689585B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2020-06-23 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for processing heavy oils
WO2020190785A1 (en) 2019-03-15 2020-09-24 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins and aromatics production
US11084992B2 (en) 2016-06-02 2021-08-10 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for upgrading heavy oils
CN113293384A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-24 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 无锌型铝合金牺牲阳极
CN114059072A (zh) * 2021-11-11 2022-02-18 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 无锌型铝合金牺牲阳极

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101973026B1 (ko) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-26 주식회사 삼공사 희생양극 조립체 및 희생양극 설치방법

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10898885B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2021-01-26 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Nano-sized zeolite supported catalysts and methods for their production
US10603657B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2020-03-31 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Nano-sized zeolite supported catalysts and methods for their production
US11084992B2 (en) 2016-06-02 2021-08-10 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for upgrading heavy oils
US10301556B2 (en) 2016-08-24 2019-05-28 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for the conversion of feedstock hydrocarbons to petrochemical products
US10689587B2 (en) 2017-04-26 2020-06-23 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and processes for conversion of crude oil
US10689585B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2020-06-23 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for processing heavy oils
US10696910B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2020-06-30 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for processing heavy oils by oil upgrading followed by distillation
US10696909B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2020-06-30 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for processing heavy oils by oil upgrading followed by steam cracking
US11001770B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2021-05-11 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and methods for processing heavy oils by oil upgrading followed by refining
WO2020190786A1 (en) 2019-03-15 2020-09-24 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins production
WO2020190784A1 (en) 2019-03-15 2020-09-24 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins production
WO2020190787A1 (en) 2019-03-15 2020-09-24 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins production
US11084993B2 (en) 2019-03-15 2021-08-10 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins production
WO2020190785A1 (en) 2019-03-15 2020-09-24 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins and aromatics production
US11180706B2 (en) 2019-03-15 2021-11-23 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins production
US11365361B2 (en) 2019-03-15 2022-06-21 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins production
US11976245B2 (en) 2019-03-15 2024-05-07 Lummus Technology Llc Configuration for olefins production
CN113293384A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-24 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 无锌型铝合金牺牲阳极
CN114059072A (zh) * 2021-11-11 2022-02-18 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 无锌型铝合金牺牲阳极

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5216975B1 (enExample) 1977-05-12
DE2127499A1 (de) 1971-12-02
BE767859A (fr) 1971-10-18
GB1318327A (en) 1973-05-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3830720A (en) Material for preventing crevice corrosion
JPS61184395A (ja) アルミニウム製熱交換器の防食処理法
FR2461916A1 (fr) Metal recouvert d'un alliage a base d'aluminium pour la fabrication d'echangeurs de chaleur resistant a la corrosion
GB2321869A (en) Aluminum alloy brazing sheet
US3859058A (en) Corrosion resistant aluminum composite material
US3724447A (en) Immersion heater
US4942922A (en) Welded corrosion-resistant ferritic stainless steel tubing having high resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and a cathodically protected heat exchanger containing the same
US6325138B1 (en) Article exhibiting improved resistance to galvanic corrosion
US3133796A (en) Composite aluminum material
US2852462A (en) Hot water storage tank
US3721535A (en) Composite copper alloy
JPS6321741B2 (enExample)
US4188209A (en) Nickel-base alloy
Fukuzuka et al. Corrosion problems and their preventions of MSF desalination plant constructed with titanium tube
TW201809319A (zh) 鋁合金製構件及液化天然氣（ｌｎｇ）氣化器
US5769129A (en) Cold-and hot-water supply copper-alloy pipe with inner-surface protective film, method for manufacturing same, and hot-water supply heat exchanger
EP0169374B1 (en) Method of preventing stress corrosion cracking in machines or machine parts made of austenitic cast iron
JP2010071491A (ja) オープンラック式気化器の伝熱管およびヘッダー管ならびにその製造方法
US5080325A (en) Corrosion resistant stainless steel valve or fitting
JPS6248743B2 (enExample)
Covington Pitting corrosion of titanium tubes in hot concentrated brine solutions
US4182399A (en) Process for removing heavy metal ions from aqueous fluids
US4202751A (en) Sacrificial anode and apparatus employing same for treating hot sea water
JPS6214622B2 (enExample)
JP3819080B2 (ja) 耐食性に優れた熱交換器