Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides

Definitions

• Emulsions of silicone-based foam depressants dispersed in low cloud point liquid nonionic surfactants are incorporated into alkaline detergent compositions to provide improved detergent compositions which obviate the need for the addition of supplemental foam depressants during continuous wash operations.
• the emulsions of the present invention generally comprise from about 10 to 50 percent by weight of depressant and from about 50 to 90 percent by weight of surfactant. They are stable over a wide temperature and concentration range and can easily be incorporated into solid alkaline dishwashing and detergent compositions in effective concentration of from 1 to 5 percent by weight of the total compositions.
• the compositions employing the emulsion are useful in both industrial and domestic wash operations.
• the present invention relates to detergent formulations and foam depressants therefor. More particularly, the present invention concerns emulsions of a silicone-based foam depressant dispersed in a low cloud point liquid nonionic surfactant and the improved detergent formulations resulting from the use thereof.
• alkaline detergent formulations which include various water treating compounds are widely employed for cleaning food handling and processing equipment, eggs, textiles, plastics and similar solid substrates.
• continual usage of the alkaline detergent is limited because of foams produced by the interaction between the detergent and the soil deposits sought to be removed, such as, residues from eggs, milk and other fatty or proteinaceous matter.
• the foam problem is somewhat alleviated by the addition of a surfactant, usually a low cloud point nonionic surfactant, to the detergent formulation.
• a surfactant usually a low cloud point nonionic surfactant
• the addition of this type of surfactant to an alkaline detergent formulation greatly enhances the wetting and emulsification of soil residues sought to be removed.
• these surfactants are essentially insoluble at elevated temperatures of about 120 to 180 F., they depress or suppress the foam developed by the interaction of the alkaline materials in the detergent and the soil deposits.
• these surfactants are soluble at low temperatures of about 60 to 100 F., they contribute to the ready rinsing of cleaned surfaces with cool or tepid water to provide substrates or surfaces free of standing droplets or water breaks.
• an emulsion composition consisting essentially of (a) a silicone-based foam depressant and (b) a low cloud point nonionic surfactant, the problems heretofore associated with the addition of a silicone foam depressant into an alkaline detergent are overcome.
• the alkali constituent of the detergent formulation has been found not to react with and degrade the silicone-based depressant over a considerable period of time. The reasons for this phenomenon are not known, but the nonionic surfactant appears to encapsulate the silicone-based depressant thereby protecting it from the alkali constituents of the formulation.
• a surfactant as the emulsifier, additional advantages accrue to detergent formulations prepared therewith.
• the surfactant disperses the depressant in an aqueous use solution so that the depressant is not selectively skimmed olf the solution surface and washed away as overflow, thereby providing a long-lasting foam depression to the solution for extended washing periods.
• the surfactant avoids production of hydrophobic surfaces, i.e., water breaks, standing droplets and the like, on the cleaned substrate or surface.
• the emulsions contemplated by the present invention generally comprise about 10 to 50 percent by weight of depressant, based on the total weight of the emulsion, and from about 50 to percent by weight of surfactant, based on the total weight of the emulsion.
• the emulsion comprises about 10 to 40 percent by weight of depressant and from about 60 to 90 percent by weight of surfactant. They are prepared by dispersing the depressant in the surfactant by any conventional method known in the art such as by agitation, stirring and the like.
• the silicone-based foam depressants contemplated for use herein are the liquid siloxanes. These compounds, which are widely known and commercially available, generally consist of substituted or unsubstituted polyal kylsiloxanes or alkyl polysiloxanes. Typical examples of these compounds include, for example, polydimethylsiloxane, dimethyl polysiloxane and the like. All of the commercially available, non-emulsified, silicone-based siloxane foam depressants can be used with equal efficacy in the present invention.
• the nonionic surfactant dispersing agents contemplated by the present invention generally comprise the normally liquid oxyalkylated adducts of hydrophobic bases.
• These surfactants are generally prepared by condensing, under oxyalkylation condition, an alkylene oxide having from about 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethylene oxide, 1,2- propylene oxide, the butylene oxides, and the like, as well as mixtures thereof, with a hydrophobic base having at least one reactive hydrogen atom.
• Typical examples of such surfactants include, for example, the ethoxylated adducts of alkylphenols corresponding to the formula:
• R-Owmmm wherein R is alkyl having from about 8 to 12 carbon atoms and n is an integer such that from about 50 to 80 percent by weight of the surfactant consists of ethylene oxide.
• Another class of useful surfactants correspond to the formula:
• Still another class of suitable surfactants comprises the oxyalkylated adducts of higher aliphatic alcohols and mixtures thereof. These surfactants are prepared by condensing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, either sequentially or as a mixture, with said higher aliphatic alcohols. These surfactants are more particularly described in US. Pat. No. 3,340,309. In the practice of the present invention, it is preferred to employ surfactants selected from the latter two classes.
• the emulsions which are prepared by conventional methods are well known in the art, are stable over a wide range of concentrations as well as temperatures.
• the present emulsions are advantageously employed in solid alkaline detergent formulations.
• These detergent formulations generally consist of from about 25 to 88 percent by weight of an alkali material such as anhydrous soda ash, the sodium phosphates, metasilicates, sodium borate, and the like, as well as mixtures thereof.
• an alkali material such as anhydrous soda ash, the sodium phosphates, metasilicates, sodium borate, and the like, as well as mixtures thereof.
• various water treating compounds are added to the by Weight of the total formulation. Because the dispersing agent for the depressant is a surfactant, further amounts of surfactant need not be incorporated into the formulation.
• the emulsion is added to the alkali detergent composition by any conventional mode such as a ribbon mixer or the like.
• a germicidal composition such as [(monotrichloro)-tetra-monopotassium dichloro]penta-isocyanurate, in effective concentrations of from 1 to 10 percent by weight can also be incorporated into the formulation.
• the surfactant was prepared by condensing under oxyalkylation condition a mixture of higher aliphatic alcohols having from 12 to 15 carbon atoms with a mixture of propylone oxide and ethylene oxide.
• Emulsion composition Sodium Sodium tripoly- Dirnethyl Soda ash nietasilicate, phosphate, poly- Nonionic anhydrous anhydrous anhydrous siloxane surfactant Getmicide alkali in weight concentrations ranging from about 10 to percent of the total weight of the formulation.
• Representative of these compounds is, for example, the alkali polyphosphates which are the most predominantly employed water treating compounds.
• the emulsion of the present invention is employed in a typical alkaline detergent formulation in a concentration ranging from about 1 to 5 percent by weight of the total formulation, preferably from about 1 to 3 percent.
• the above formulations, in Examples II-X, set forth detergent formulations, which contain from 1% to 5% by weight of the emulsion, the emulsions consisting of from 10 to 50% by weight of depressant and from 50 to by weight of surfactant. It has been found that within these defined ranges, a proper balance between depressant and surfactant and between surfactant and alkali is obtained.
• Emulsion of 0.4 part of dimethyl polysiloxane and 1.0 part of a nonionic surfactant 1 1.4 Sodium tripolyphosphate, anhydrous 20.0 Germicide 2 1.0
• the surfactant was the same as employed in Example I.
• the germicide was the same as employed in Example I.
• a freshly prepared sample of this composition was then tested for foam control by the procedure described here inafter. Fifty ml. of a 0.8% by weight aqueous solution of the composition was placed in a 250 ml. graduated cylinder maintained at 120 F., and was manually shaken for 30 seconds. The foam produced by shaking was then measured. Thereafter, this procedure was repeated, except that one drop of homogenized whole egg was added to the solution. After hand shaking, the foam height pro Jerusalem was observed and recorded. This procedure was repeated a plurality of times for various dropwise incre ments of whole egg addition to the solution. The results from these tests are tabulated below in Table II.
• a method for preventing the degradation of silicone based foam depressant in a solid alkaline detergent composition consisting essentially of:
• R is alkyl having from about 8 to 12 carbon atoms and n is an integer such that the ethylene oxide constitutes from about 50 to percent by weight of the surfactant,
• b is an integer such that the (C H O) group has a molecular weight of from about 800 to 4,000 and a is an integer such that the final molecular weight of the surfactant ranges from about 2,000 to 5,000, and
• said emulsion contains from about 10 to 40 percent by weight of said depressant and from about '60 to percent by weight of said surfactant.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=26970322

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (14)

Families Citing this family (4)

• 1970
  • 1970-10-08 GB GB1297087D patent/GB1297087A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-10-12 NL NL7014942.A patent/NL156186B/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1970-10-15 DE DE19702050768 patent/DE2050768A1/de active Pending
• 1972
  • 1972-10-16 US US00297803A patent/US3829386A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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