US3825416A - Self-lubricating iron base alloy - Google Patents

Self-lubricating iron base alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
US3825416A
US3825416A US00270398A US27039872A US3825416A US 3825416 A US3825416 A US 3825416A US 00270398 A US00270398 A US 00270398A US 27039872 A US27039872 A US 27039872A US 3825416 A US3825416 A US 3825416A
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United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
iron
friction
self
lubricating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00270398A
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English (en)
Inventor
Y Mizutani
K Tozawa
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Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
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Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium

Definitions

  • a self-lubricating iron base alloy contains a total of from 5 to 30% of one or more-metals selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W, and 0.5 to 5% of either su1phur-or selenium, the balance being essentially iron, and all contents being in weight percent.
  • the alloy is abrasion resistant and can be used over a wide range of temperatures.
  • BACKGR OF'TI-IE INvENTIoN Compounds of sulphur or selenium with a metal selected from-Group IVa, Va and VIa of the periodic table are known to be excellent lubricants. Examples are TiS Tlsez, ZI'SZ, ZI'SBZ, VS, VSe, NbS2, Nbsez, T2152, Tase M08 MoSe WS and WSe These compounds have proved to beexcellent solid' lubricants in the following forms: a
  • a coating tends to flake or peel from a base metal so that the lubrication characteristic decreases with Wear.
  • the maximum temperature to which the composition can be raised without damage to the lubrication property is that which the resin will tolerate. As is well known, very few resins can be usedat temperatures above about 150 C.
  • An iron-based alloy contains a total of 5 to 30% by weight of at least one of the metals, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W and from 0.5 to 5% by weight of sulphur or selenium.
  • the sulphur or selenium is preferably added in the form of iron sulphide or iron selenide to a melt containing iron and at least one of the metals listed above.
  • the alloys prepared in this way are themselves lubricants; consequently, they introduce no danger of flaking or peeling or degradation when used at elevated temperature. Moreover, the subject alloys retain their uniform lubricating characteristics even when worn.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an improved iron-based alloy possessing inherent lubricating characteristics.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved iron-based alloy which retains its lubricating characteristics over a wide temperature range.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an improved iron-based alloy which retains its lubricating characteristics even after subjection to severe wear.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved iron-based alloy having a uniform lubricating characteristic over its entire surface.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for preparing an alloy having a high lubricating characteristic which is effective over a wide temperature range and which is retained even when a bearing or other piece made of the alloy is worn.
  • the invention accordingly comprises the several steps and the relation of one or more of such steps with respect to each of the others, and the composition possessin the features, properties, and the relation of constituents, which are exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and
  • FIGS. 1 through 6 are graphs showing the coefficient .of friction of iron-based alloys in accordance with the present invention as a function of metallic additive concentration.
  • the alloys of FIGS. 1 through 5 contain sulphur while the alloy of FIG. 6 contains selenium.
  • Alloys in accordance with the present invention are prepared by melting iron, preferably electrolytic iron, in
  • Fe-X-Se alloy 9 Taz2-10 11 WIS-IO The above data show that the coetficient of friction decreases with increase in the amount of non-ferrous metal in the alloy. These data are further illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 6.
  • the open circles designate the coefficient of friction of the alloys as cast
  • the closed circles indicate the coefficient of friction of the alloys after having been annealed for 2 hours at 900 C. subsequent to casting.
  • the broken line running through the triangles designates the amount of molybdenumsulphide compound (MoS in the alloy, the amount being measured by X-ray diffraction and shown on an arbitrary scale.
  • the coefiicient of friction of an alloy decreases with increase in the amount of metal (X).
  • the coefficient of friction decreases sharply to about 0.3 as the non-ferrous metal content increases to about
  • the coefficient of friction decreases to an essentially constant value of about 0.2. It should be recognized that a value of 0.2 is sufficiently low for most purposes.
  • the alloys consisting of 85% iron-% vanadium and 97.5% iron, 2.5% molybdenum seized immediately after the beginning of friction tests.
  • nonferrous metal content quantities below 5% do not give sufficient decrease in the coefficient of friction for most purposes.
  • the most desirable range for the non-ferrous metal content is from 10 to 20% from the viewpoint of low coefficient of friction, machinability, work absorption, and cost.
  • the quantity of sulphur or selenium to be incorporated in an alloy should be commensurate with the quantity of non-ferrous metal since the lowering of the coefficient of friction appears to be due to the formation of a nonferrous metal-sulphur compound.- Where the non-ferrous metal content ranges from 5 to 30%, the quantity of sulphur or selenium should be inthe range'from- 0.5 to 5%. Where the quantity of non-ferrous metal is 10 to 20%, the amount of" sulphur or selenium, should be 1 to 3%. Sulphur or selenium contents below 0.5% give no appreciable improvement in coefficient of friction while if the quantity of sulphur or selenium exceeds 5%, an ironsulphur compound will be formed in quantity such as to cause red shortness of the alloy. 7
  • a self-lubricating iron-base alloy consisting essen-. tially of a least one non-ferrous metal selected from the, group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W, the quantity of non-ferrous metal lying between 5 and 30% by weight, and 0.5 to 5% by weight of an element selected from the group consisting of S and Se, the balance .being iron.
  • a self-lubricating iron-base alloy consisting essentially of at least one non-ferrous metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Moand W, the quantity of non-ferrous metal lying between 10 and 20% by weight, and from 1% to 3% by weight of an element selected from the group consisting of S and Se, the balance being iron.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
US00270398A 1971-07-09 1972-07-10 Self-lubricating iron base alloy Expired - Lifetime US3825416A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP46051259A JPS5130529B1 (enExample) 1971-07-09 1971-07-09

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US3825416A true US3825416A (en) 1974-07-23

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US (1) US3825416A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5130529B1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1388194A (enExample)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4028097A (en) * 1973-03-02 1977-06-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Self-lubricating iron base alloy
EP0001953A1 (fr) * 1977-11-07 1979-05-16 CENTRE STEPHANOIS DE RECHERCHES MECANIQUES HYDROMECANIQUE ET FROTTEMENT Société dite: Alliage antifriction son procédé de fabrication ainsi que matrice et lubrifiant contenant un tel alliage
DE102006029121A1 (de) * 2006-06-22 2007-08-23 Mahle International Gmbh Hitzebeständiger Lagerwerkstoff
CN105177462A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2015-12-23 南通长江电器实业有限公司 一种自润滑稀土铁基合金材料

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58154931U (ja) * 1982-04-09 1983-10-17 コニカ株式会社 スライドカバ−付カメラ

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4028097A (en) * 1973-03-02 1977-06-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Self-lubricating iron base alloy
EP0001953A1 (fr) * 1977-11-07 1979-05-16 CENTRE STEPHANOIS DE RECHERCHES MECANIQUES HYDROMECANIQUE ET FROTTEMENT Société dite: Alliage antifriction son procédé de fabrication ainsi que matrice et lubrifiant contenant un tel alliage
FR2407986A1 (fr) * 1977-11-07 1979-06-01 Stephanois Rech Meca Hy Centre Alliage antifriction et son procede de fabrication
DE102006029121A1 (de) * 2006-06-22 2007-08-23 Mahle International Gmbh Hitzebeständiger Lagerwerkstoff
US20090298726A1 (en) * 2006-06-22 2009-12-03 Roland Ruch Heat-resistant bearing material
CN105177462A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2015-12-23 南通长江电器实业有限公司 一种自润滑稀土铁基合金材料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2233487A1 (de) 1973-01-18
JPS5130529B1 (enExample) 1976-09-01
DE2233487B2 (de) 1976-01-08
GB1388194A (en) 1975-03-26

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