US3031298A - Bearing alloys - Google Patents
Bearing alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3031298A US3031298A US10883A US1088360A US3031298A US 3031298 A US3031298 A US 3031298A US 10883 A US10883 A US 10883A US 1088360 A US1088360 A US 1088360A US 3031298 A US3031298 A US 3031298A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- zinc
- copper
- aluminium
- per
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 ALUMINUM-ZINC-COPPER Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C20/00—Alloys based on cadmium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to bearing alloys comprismaterials and under the same conditions this figure caning primarily aluminium, zinc and copper. 10 not exceed 280 kg. per sq. cm), is there an increase in the Bearing materials are known which consist of an alutemperature and of the frictional resistance without the miniurn-zinc-copper alloy containing 30% to 66% alushaft being affected and a noticeable increase of wear minium, a copper content which is at least one-sixth and at occurring.
- Shafts of soft steel for example St 50.11
- St 50.11 most one-quarter of the aluminium content present and show no scoring or erosion after 100 hours running within which the remainder is zinc.
- stituted bearing material is known which however con- Press-in tests have shown that the new material will only tains less aluminium, namely 18 to 29%, in which the loosen after heating to 140 C. and following cooling.
- copper content is one-tenth to one-quarter of the alu-
- the remainder consists of peratures, for example 160 and in one case even 190 zinc. have been reached, that is temperatures which are practi- Cast bearing materials of the type referred to have a cally never reached in normal bearings.
- bearing materials of the aluminium-zinc-copper type are The specific weight of the new material lies in general improved by the addition of antimony or tin, or antimony between about 3.6 and 3.8 gm. per cu. cm. and depends and tin.
- the content of antimony may range between 0.05 mainly on the aluminium content.
- I signifies the strength in kg. per sq. mm.
- V the temperature in C. at whicr on subsequent cooling loosening of the mounting of the pressed-in bearing occurs.
- tent of the bearing material should not exceed 10%. Sat- The new material can be readily cast in sand moulds isfactory results are obtained if the sum of the copper and and in shell moulds or by die casting. It requires no subtin fraction lies between 8 and 12% preferably 10%. sequent heat treatment. This is however not absolutely necessary. Abearing mate- The chromium content can range up to 3%. Instead rial consisting of 20% aluminium, 60% zinc, 10% copper of chromium, nickel up to 3% may be added. and 10% tin has very satisfactory running properties. Further components of the new material may be silicon,
- bearing materials which have been tested are beryllium and magnesium. Their content individually shown in the following table: should not exceed 3% and altogether 6%.
- bearing material of the aluminium-zinc-copper alloy type characterised in that is consists essentially of 20 to 65% aluminium, 1 to 10% copper, 0.05 to antimony and 0.1 to tin, and the remainder zinc.
- bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that the antimony content is l to 2% 3. Bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that the tin content is 2 to 6% 4. Bearing material according to claim characterised in that a portion of the zinc is replaced by up to 3% of a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium and nickel.
- bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that a part of the zinc is replaced by at least one of the 4 elements silicon, beryllium and magnesium, individually up to 3% and in all up to 6%.
- bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that the sum of the content of copper and tin amounts to 8 to 12%.
- bearing material of the aluminium-zinc-copper alloy type characterised in that it consists essentially of to 65% aluminium, 1 to 10% copper, 0.05 to 5% antimony, and the remainder zinc.
- Bearing material consists essentially of 59% A1, 29.9% Zn, 8% Cu, 2% Sn, 1% Sb, and 0.1% Cr.
- Bearing material consists essentially of 60% A1, 30.9% Zn, 8% Cu, 1% Sb, and 0.1% Cr.
Description
Patented Apr. 24, 1962 3,031,298 7 Optimum running properties are shown by the mate- BEARING ALLOYS rials F, G and H. The material H can also be used as Josef Derntl, Linz (Danube), Austria, assignor to Vereimoulding materialnigte Osterreichische Eisenund Stahlwerke Aktienge- Running tests with the new materials show practically sellschaft, Linz (Danube), Austria, a firm twice the load bearing ability as compared with known N0 Dl'awillg- Filed 1960, 10,583 bearing materials. Only at loadings greater than 500 kg.
Claims priority, application Austria Mar. 4, 1959 laims. 75 140) per sq. cm. and a surface speed equal to or greater than 3 111. per see. with oil drip lubrication (with the known The present invention relates to bearing alloys comprismaterials and under the same conditions this figure caning primarily aluminium, zinc and copper. 10 not exceed 280 kg. per sq. cm), is there an increase in the Bearing materials are known which consist of an alutemperature and of the frictional resistance without the miniurn-zinc-copper alloy containing 30% to 66% alushaft being affected and a noticeable increase of wear minium, a copper content which is at least one-sixth and at occurring. Shafts of soft steel (for example St 50.11) most one-quarter of the aluminium content present and show no scoring or erosion after 100 hours running within which the remainder is zinc. Further a similarly conout lubrication. stituted bearing material is known which however con- Press-in tests have shown that the new material will only tains less aluminium, namely 18 to 29%, in which the loosen after heating to 140 C. and following cooling. copper content is one-tenth to one-quarter of the alu- However according to the composition even higher temminium content present and the remainder consists of peratures, for example 160 and in one case even 190 zinc. have been reached, that is temperatures which are practi- Cast bearing materials of the type referred to have a cally never reached in normal bearings. critical temperature at 90 to 100 C., while mouldable The running properties of the new materials have been materials have a critical temperature at 70 to 80 C. tested up to temperatures of 170 C. In these tests there Pressed-in sleeves which are heated above the critical temhas been no adverse effect on the shaft nor any tendency perature show on subsequent cooling a tendency to loosen. to seizure or welding of the bearing material to the shaft. Moreover with these bearing materials adverse efiects on A further advantage of the new material is its outstandshafts of smaller hardness is difficult to avoid. ing workability with chip forming tools which becomes It has now been found that the running properties of particularly apparent when machining on automatic tools. bearing materials of the aluminium-zinc-copper type are The specific weight of the new material lies in general improved by the addition of antimony or tin, or antimony between about 3.6 and 3.8 gm. per cu. cm. and depends and tin. The content of antimony may range between 0.05 mainly on the aluminium content.
to 5% and of tin from 0.1 to 10%. Preferred values are In the following table the most important properties for 1 to 2% antimony and/ or 2 to 6% tin. The copper conthe materials F, G and H are given:
Table 2 I, kg./sq. II, per- III IV, gmJcu. V, VI, VII, kg./sq.
mm. cent cm. 0. 0. cm.
In the above:
I signifies the strength in kg. per sq. mm.
II signifies the yield point d5 in percent (the designation d5 indicates that the length of the test rod used for the measurement 1s 5 times its diameter).
III the Brinell harnness HBlO.
IV the specific weight in gms. per on. em.
V the temperature in C. at whicr on subsequent cooling loosening of the mounting of the pressed-in bearing occurs.
VI the running temperature in C. for IJ=0.8 in. per sec. and p=100 kg. per sq. cm.
VII the load-bearing ability at v=3 m. per sec. in kg. per sq. cm.
tent of the bearing material should not exceed 10%. Sat- The new material can be readily cast in sand moulds isfactory results are obtained if the sum of the copper and and in shell moulds or by die casting. It requires no subtin fraction lies between 8 and 12% preferably 10%. sequent heat treatment. This is however not absolutely necessary. Abearing mate- The chromium content can range up to 3%. Instead rial consisting of 20% aluminium, 60% zinc, 10% copper of chromium, nickel up to 3% may be added. and 10% tin has very satisfactory running properties. Further components of the new material may be silicon,
Other bearing materials which have been tested are beryllium and magnesium. Their content individually shown in the following table: should not exceed 3% and altogether 6%. A satisfactory Table 1 Al Zn Cu Sn Sb Or Be Mg Si H summer: i HI-ID-IH 3 material is obtained if a portion of the zinc in material I of Table l is replaced by 0.1% silicon and traces of nickel, beryllium and magnesium.
I claim:
1. Bearing material of the aluminium-zinc-copper alloy type, characterised in that is consists essentially of 20 to 65% aluminium, 1 to 10% copper, 0.05 to antimony and 0.1 to tin, and the remainder zinc.
2. Bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that the antimony content is l to 2% 3. Bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that the tin content is 2 to 6% 4. Bearing material according to claim characterised in that a portion of the zinc is replaced by up to 3% of a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium and nickel.
5. Bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that a part of the zinc is replaced by at least one of the 4 elements silicon, beryllium and magnesium, individually up to 3% and in all up to 6%.
6. Bearing material according to claim 1 characterised in that the sum of the content of copper and tin amounts to 8 to 12%.
7. Bearing material of the aluminium-zinc-copper alloy type, characterised in that it consists essentially of to 65% aluminium, 1 to 10% copper, 0.05 to 5% antimony, and the remainder zinc.
8. Bearing material consists essentially of 59% A1, 29.9% Zn, 8% Cu, 2% Sn, 1% Sb, and 0.1% Cr.
9. Bearing material consists essentially of 60% A1, 30.9% Zn, 8% Cu, 1% Sb, and 0.1% Cr.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,243,489 Smith May 27, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,031,298 April 24%1962 Josef Dern-tl It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correetion and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 3, line 13, after- "claim" insert 1 Signed and sealed this 28th day of August 1962.
(SEAL) Attest:
DAVID L. LADD Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents
Claims (1)
1. BEARING MATERIAL OF THE ALUMINUM-ZINC-COPPER ALLOY TYPE, CHARACTRISED IN THAT IS CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF 20 TO 65% ALUMINIUM, 1 TO 10% COPPER, 0.05 TO 5% ANTIMONY AND 0.1 TO 10% TIN, AND THE REMAINDER ZINC.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT168059A AT210156B (en) | 1959-03-04 | 1959-03-04 | Bearing material based on aluminum-zinc-copper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3031298A true US3031298A (en) | 1962-04-24 |
Family
ID=3518660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10883A Expired - Lifetime US3031298A (en) | 1959-03-04 | 1960-02-25 | Bearing alloys |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3031298A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT210156B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE588040A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH381862A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES256140A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1249062A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB918390A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3811177A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1974-05-21 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Process for brazing workpieces of aluminum containing material |
| US4241148A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1980-12-23 | Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Composite aluminum-containing workpieces |
| RU2625141C1 (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Cadmium-based alloy |
| RU2710312C1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-12-25 | Открытое акционерное общество "Взрывозащищенные электрические аппараты низковольтные" | Antifriction zinc-tin-aluminum alloy |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2243489A (en) * | 1940-05-18 | 1941-05-27 | Stolac Lab | Process of making an aluminum bonding metal |
-
1959
- 1959-03-04 AT AT168059A patent/AT210156B/en active
-
1960
- 1960-02-15 GB GB5295/60A patent/GB918390A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-02-23 FR FR819340A patent/FR1249062A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-02-25 BE BE588040A patent/BE588040A/en unknown
- 1960-02-25 CH CH213160A patent/CH381862A/en unknown
- 1960-02-25 US US10883A patent/US3031298A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1960-02-29 ES ES0256140A patent/ES256140A1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2243489A (en) * | 1940-05-18 | 1941-05-27 | Stolac Lab | Process of making an aluminum bonding metal |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3811177A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1974-05-21 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Process for brazing workpieces of aluminum containing material |
| US4241148A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1980-12-23 | Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Composite aluminum-containing workpieces |
| RU2625141C1 (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Cadmium-based alloy |
| RU2710312C1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-12-25 | Открытое акционерное общество "Взрывозащищенные электрические аппараты низковольтные" | Antifriction zinc-tin-aluminum alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT210156B (en) | 1960-07-25 |
| BE588040A (en) | 1960-06-16 |
| FR1249062A (en) | 1960-12-23 |
| CH381862A (en) | 1964-09-15 |
| ES256140A1 (en) | 1960-06-01 |
| GB918390A (en) | 1963-02-13 |
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