US3819385A - Method for applying a phosphate coating to iron and steel - Google Patents
Method for applying a phosphate coating to iron and steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3819385A US3819385A US00283446A US28344672A US3819385A US 3819385 A US3819385 A US 3819385A US 00283446 A US00283446 A US 00283446A US 28344672 A US28344672 A US 28344672A US 3819385 A US3819385 A US 3819385A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- iron
- vanadium
- chlorate
- calculated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title abstract description 16
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940005989 chlorate ion Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 46
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 phosphate anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YBVAXJOZZAJCLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O.O[N+]([O-])=O YBVAXJOZZAJCLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/42—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also phosphates
Definitions
- the invention pertains to an improved method for applying a phosphate coating to iron and steel using an aqueous zinc phosphate solution containing acid chlorate.
- nitrite in addition to chlorate, to be sure, represents a highly effective procedure with respect to the removal of the iron which goes into solution, and the related possibility of maintaining constant, short treatment times; however, the use of nitrite also entails 2 procedural disadvantages, e.g., the necessity of waste water processing and of removingnitrogen-containing gases from the waste air. The nitrous gases can also lead to corrosion at the transmission points before and after the treating zone.
- the continuous analytical monitoring of the nitrite content in the bath solution entails a certain expense. It has been found that zinc phosphate coatings which are applied from solutions containing chlorate and nitrite provide poorer corrosion protection in combination with an organic covering layer than corresponding coatings produced with a chlorate-containing but nitrite-free solution.
- the object of the invention is now a method for applying a phosphate coating to iron and steel with the aid of a chlorate-accelerated zinc phosphate solution at temperatures below 65 C, which is characterized by the fact that a zinc phosphate solution containing 1-10 g/l C10 and 0.1 to 10 mg/l vanadium, calculated as V 0 is used.
- the vanadium can be added to the chloratecontaining zinc phosphate solution in accordance with the invention in the form of vanadium pentoxide (V 0 or in the form of other vanadium compounds. It' can also be added to the concentrate used in making up the solution.
- the vanadium content of the treating solution preferably amounts to 0.4-7 mg/l, calculated as V 0
- the range of 0.4-2.7 mg/l is particularly suitable.
- the significance of the vanadium content is independent of the valence of the vanadium actually present in the solution. Contents of more than 10 mg/l can interfere with layer formation by passivation of the surface.
- the zinc phosphate solution used advantageously contains about 1 to 10 g/l zinc, corresponding quantities of phosphate and l to 10 g/l chlorate. It can also contain nitrate and other customary additives, such as nickel, calcium, simple or complex fluoride, boron compounds and the like. The further use of nitrite is undesirable because of the disadvantages mentioned above.
- the iron and steel surfaces to be provided with the coating can be brought into contact with the treating solution in any desired manner, e.g., by immersion in the solution or spraying with the solution.
- the spray method is advantageously used.
- the spraying time advantageously amounts to a maximum of 150 seconds. Somewhat longer contact times may be required in the immersion process.
- the method according to the present invention is advantageously carried out in the temperature range of 40 to 65 C. At temperatures above 55 C, the treating bath also remains essentially free from divalent iron even at higher throughputs. At temperatures below 55 C, certain quantities of divalent iron can enter the solution, without an appreciable accumulation occurring.
- the replenishment of vanadium in the solution used in accordance with the present invention can be easily accomplished by adding 0.044 mg vanadium, calculated as V 0 to the solution per square meter of treated surface.
- Supplemental zinc, P 0 and chlorate is provided in the customary manner, to provide point constancy or corresponding to use.
- the vanadium compound may be added to the supplemental concentrate if desired.
- a treating solution was prepared, which contained 3.1 g/l Zn, 8.3 g/l P 0 5.2 g/l C10 13.8 g/l N0 and 0.1 g/l Ni. Sheets of steel were treated by spraying at temperatures of 53 C and 60 C. In accordance with It is obvious that the addition of vanadium has resulted in a marked reduction in the iron (11) content of the solution, and that the layer weight of the coating was scarcely affected by this addition.
- the corrosion behavior of the coatings produced at 60 C in accordance with the invention was likewise compared with coatings obtained from vanadium-free solutions, containing only chlorate, and containing iron (11) (Experiment No. 2) and the coatings produced at 60 C from solutions containing chlorate and nitrite (Experiment No. 5).
- the solution used in Experiment No. 5 contained 3.1 g/l Zn, 8.3 g/l P 0 5.2 g/lC10 13.8 g/l NO;,, 0.1 g/l Ni and 0.11
- a method for applying a phosphate coating to an iron or steel surface comprising contacting said surface with an aqueous solution comprising acidic zinc phosphate, chlorate ion and from 0.1 to 10 mg/l of vanadium, calculated as V 0 at a temperature of less than 65 C.
- vanadium is present in an amount of from 0.4 to 2.7 mg/l, calculated as V205- 6 g/l chlorate and from 0.1 to 10 mg/l vanadium, calculated as V 0 8.
- the chlorate content is from ll0 g/l and the zinc content is from l-lO g/l.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2143957A DE2143957A1 (de) | 1971-09-02 | 1971-09-02 | Verfahren zum aufbringen eines phosphatueberzuges auf eisen und stahl |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3819385A true US3819385A (en) | 1974-06-25 |
Family
ID=5818462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00283446A Expired - Lifetime US3819385A (en) | 1971-09-02 | 1972-08-31 | Method for applying a phosphate coating to iron and steel |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3819385A (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR196082A1 (enExample) |
| AT (1) | AT314932B (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU4577672A (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE780333A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7205983D0 (enExample) |
| CH (1) | CH580168A5 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2143957A1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES401733A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2150659B1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1355739A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT964406B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7211797A (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE376772B (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA725433B (enExample) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0015021A1 (de) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-03 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur Vorbereitung von Metalloberflächen für die elektrophoretische Tauchlackierung |
| US4233088A (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1980-11-11 | International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. | Phosphatization of steel surfaces and metal-coated surfaces |
| US4264378A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1981-04-28 | Oxy Metal Industries Corporation | Chromium-free surface treatment |
| US4490185A (en) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-12-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Phosphating solutions and process |
| US4880476A (en) * | 1986-12-09 | 1989-11-14 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Process for the phosphate chemical conversion treatment of a steel material |
| GB2374088A (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-09 | Macdermid Plc | Conversion treatment of zinc and zinc alloy surfaces |
| US20060228505A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-12 | Kunio Goto | Threaded joint for steel pipes |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3392008B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-30 | 2003-03-31 | 日本表面化学株式会社 | 金属の保護皮膜形成処理剤と処理方法 |
| US4881975A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1989-11-21 | Albright & Wilson Limited | Products for treating surfaces |
| GB9207725D0 (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1992-05-27 | Brent Chemicals Int | Phosphating solution for metal substrates |
| AU1887601A (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2001-06-18 | Toyo Kohan Co. Ltd. | Method for producing surface treated steel sheet, surface treated steel sheet and surface treated steel sheet coated with resin |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB495098A (en) * | 1936-02-04 | 1938-11-04 | American Chem Paint Co | Improvements in or relating to a method for applying a phosphatic coating to metallic surfaces |
| US2854370A (en) * | 1957-10-04 | 1958-09-30 | Oakite Prod Inc | Composition and method for phosphate coating of metal |
| US3218200A (en) * | 1953-08-10 | 1965-11-16 | Lubrizol Corp | Phosphate coating of metals |
| US3261723A (en) * | 1962-11-30 | 1966-07-19 | Lubrizol Corp | Method for reducing combustion chamber deposits in internal combustion engines |
| US3617393A (en) * | 1969-10-08 | 1971-11-02 | Dainippon Toryo Kk | Pretreatment before electrophoretic painting |
| US3676224A (en) * | 1970-10-16 | 1972-07-11 | Lubrizol Corp | Phosphating solution with scale suppressing characteristics |
-
1971
- 1971-09-02 DE DE2143957A patent/DE2143957A1/de active Pending
-
1972
- 1972-03-01 FR FR7206999A patent/FR2150659B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-03-07 BE BE780333A patent/BE780333A/xx unknown
- 1972-04-13 ES ES401733A patent/ES401733A1/es not_active Expired
- 1972-07-07 AT AT583172A patent/AT314932B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-07-27 CH CH1121172A patent/CH580168A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-08-08 ZA ZA725433A patent/ZA725433B/xx unknown
- 1972-08-08 GB GB3697772A patent/GB1355739A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-21 AU AU45776/72A patent/AU4577672A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-30 NL NL7211797A patent/NL7211797A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1972-08-30 BR BR005983/72A patent/BR7205983D0/pt unknown
- 1972-08-31 US US00283446A patent/US3819385A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-08-31 IT IT28686/72A patent/IT964406B/it active
- 1972-09-01 AR AR243891A patent/AR196082A1/es active
- 1972-09-01 SE SE7211382A patent/SE376772B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB495098A (en) * | 1936-02-04 | 1938-11-04 | American Chem Paint Co | Improvements in or relating to a method for applying a phosphatic coating to metallic surfaces |
| US3218200A (en) * | 1953-08-10 | 1965-11-16 | Lubrizol Corp | Phosphate coating of metals |
| US2854370A (en) * | 1957-10-04 | 1958-09-30 | Oakite Prod Inc | Composition and method for phosphate coating of metal |
| US3261723A (en) * | 1962-11-30 | 1966-07-19 | Lubrizol Corp | Method for reducing combustion chamber deposits in internal combustion engines |
| US3617393A (en) * | 1969-10-08 | 1971-11-02 | Dainippon Toryo Kk | Pretreatment before electrophoretic painting |
| US3676224A (en) * | 1970-10-16 | 1972-07-11 | Lubrizol Corp | Phosphating solution with scale suppressing characteristics |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4264378A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1981-04-28 | Oxy Metal Industries Corporation | Chromium-free surface treatment |
| EP0015021A1 (de) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-03 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur Vorbereitung von Metalloberflächen für die elektrophoretische Tauchlackierung |
| US4233088A (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1980-11-11 | International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. | Phosphatization of steel surfaces and metal-coated surfaces |
| US4490185A (en) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-12-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Phosphating solutions and process |
| US4880476A (en) * | 1986-12-09 | 1989-11-14 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Process for the phosphate chemical conversion treatment of a steel material |
| GB2374088A (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-09 | Macdermid Plc | Conversion treatment of zinc and zinc alloy surfaces |
| US20060228505A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-12 | Kunio Goto | Threaded joint for steel pipes |
| US20110025052A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2011-02-03 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Threaded Joint for Steel Pipes |
| US7883118B2 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2011-02-08 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Threaded joint for steel pipes |
| US20110163538A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2011-07-07 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Threaded joint for steel pipes |
| US8409718B2 (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2013-04-02 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Threaded joint for steel pipes |
| US8741406B2 (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2014-06-03 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Oil well pipe with threaded joint |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES401733A1 (es) | 1975-03-16 |
| BE780333A (fr) | 1972-07-03 |
| FR2150659B1 (enExample) | 1974-04-05 |
| AT314932B (de) | 1974-04-25 |
| NL7211797A (enExample) | 1973-03-06 |
| IT964406B (it) | 1974-01-21 |
| AR196082A1 (es) | 1973-11-30 |
| CH580168A5 (enExample) | 1976-09-30 |
| GB1355739A (en) | 1974-06-05 |
| AU4577672A (en) | 1974-02-28 |
| DE2143957A1 (de) | 1973-03-08 |
| SE376772B (enExample) | 1975-06-09 |
| ZA725433B (en) | 1973-09-26 |
| BR7205983D0 (pt) | 1973-08-21 |
| FR2150659A1 (enExample) | 1973-04-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP 32100 STEPHENSON Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003942/0016 Effective date: 19810317 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:OXY METAL FINISHING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003967/0084 Effective date: 19741220 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:HOOKER CHEMICAS & PLASTICS CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004126/0054 Effective date: 19820330 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PARKER CHEMICAL COMPANY, 32100 STEPHENSON HWY., MA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004194/0047 Effective date: 19830928 |