US3817753A - Development of photographic material - Google Patents

Development of photographic material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3817753A
US3817753A US00185351A US18535171A US3817753A US 3817753 A US3817753 A US 3817753A US 00185351 A US00185351 A US 00185351A US 18535171 A US18535171 A US 18535171A US 3817753 A US3817753 A US 3817753A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
development
compounds
silver halide
emulsion
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00185351A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
J Willems
Munck J De
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agfa Gevaert NV
Agfa Gevaert AG
Original Assignee
Agfa Gevaert AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Gevaert AG filed Critical Agfa Gevaert AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3817753A publication Critical patent/US3817753A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
    • G03C1/043—Polyalkylene oxides; Polyalkylene sulfides; Polyalkylene selenides; Polyalkylene tellurides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
    • G03C1/10—Organic substances

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a development process and to combinations of substances influencing the development, used in this development process.
  • wnereinz V C- represents an anion e.'g. a halogen anion, a nitrate anion, a bisulphate anion, or a bendotriazolium anion,
  • aromatic nuclei of said compounds may be substituted e.g. with an alkyl radical, a halogen atom, an alkoxy radical, a cyano radical, an acyl radical, or an acylamino radical,
  • These compounds influencing the development are preferably added to the composition of the light-sensitive silver halide emulsions in dissolved form in water or a mixture of water and water-miscible organic solvents, which do not impair the photographic characteristics of the emulsion.
  • these compounds can. also be incorporated into the emulsion by imbibition by treating it with a solution containing these products or by diifusion from an adjacent water-permeable layer comprising these compounds.
  • the compounds infiuencing the development according to the present invention can be added to the light-sensitive silver halide emulsion during different preparation steps of the light-sensitive material.
  • they can be incorporated therein by a separate addition or they can be added as a mixture with one or more ingredients used in the formation of the silver halide grains, during the physical or chemical ripening or during another step preceding the coating of the emulsion.
  • the compounds according to the above general formulae are preferably used in combination with watersoluble polyoxyalkylene compounds i.e. alkylene oxide condensation products as described e.g. in the US. Patent Specifications 1,970,578 by Conrad Schoeller and Max WittWer, issued Aug. 21, 1934, 2,240,472 by Donald R. Swan, issued Apr. 29, 1941, 2,423,549 by Ralph K. Blake, William A. Stanton, Titan Schulze, issued July 8, 1947, 2,441,389 by Ralph K. Blake, issued May 11, 1948, 2,531,832 by William A. Stanton, issued Nov. 28, 1950, 2,533,990 by Ralph K. Blake, issued Dec. 12, 1950, and the British Patent Specifications 920,637, filed May 7, 1959, 940,051, filed Nov.
  • alkylene oxide condensation products together with the compounds influencing the development as described above can be added to the composition of the silver halide emulsion or to a Water-permeable layer, which together with the emulsion layer forms part of'a waterpermeable element.
  • the alkylene oxide condensationproduetsand/or the compounds according to theabovengeneralformulae can also be added to the developing bath.
  • alkylene oxide condensation product and iodonium compoundaccording'J-to the. above formulae depends on the very compound, on the nature of the colloid binder of the silver halide grains and on the kind of silver halide in the emulsion. In general, however, the above alkylene oxide condensation prod nets are added to the light-sensitive material in an amount of mg. to 10 g. per mole of silver halide. When incorporated into the developer they are used in amounts ranging from 0.1 g. to 10 g. per litre of developer.
  • the amount of iodonium derivative incorporated into the light-sensitive material preferably ranges between mg. and g. per mole of silver halide.
  • the derivative is used preferably in an amount varying between 0.1 g. to 20 g. per litre.
  • the development acceleration and the increase of dot definition and of the development latitude obtained with the products according to the present invention can be combined with a chemical sensitisation by using in com bination with the above-mentioned condensation products chemical sensitising agents such as sulphur-containing compounds, e.g. allyl isothiocyanate, allyl thiourea or sodium thiosulphate, reducing agents such as the tin compounds described in the Belgian Patent Specifications 4'93,- 464, filed Jan. 24, 1950 and 568,687, filed June 18, 1958, by Gevaert Photo-Producten N.V., the imino-amino methane sulphinic acid compounds described in the British Patent Specification 789,823, filed Apr.
  • chemical sensitising agents such as sulphur-containing compounds, e.g. allyl isothiocyanate, allyl thiourea or sodium thiosulphate
  • reducing agents such as the tin compounds described in the Belgia
  • the compounds influencing the development according to the present invention can also be used in combination with stabilising agents for silver halide emulsions, such as mercury compounds and the compounds described in the Belgian Patent Specifications 571,916 and 571,917, filed Oct. 10, 1958 by Gevaert Photo-Producten N.V., and in combination with sensitising and stabilising cadmium salts in the light-sensitive material as well as in the developer.
  • stabilising agents for silver halide emulsions such as mercury compounds and the compounds described in the Belgian Patent Specifications 571,916 and 571,917, filed Oct. 10, 1958 by Gevaert Photo-Producten N.V.
  • each of R and R represents a hydrogen atom, analkyl
  • R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, a
  • Such compounds can be prepared starting from' 'l mole of fl-ketoester or an a-ethoxymethylene-p-ketoester with 1 mole of a suitable 3-amino-1, 2,4-triazole.
  • fl-ketoester or an a-ethoxymethylene-p-ketoester with 1 mole of a suitable 3-amino-1, 2,4-triazole.
  • a suitable 3-amino-1, 2,4-triazole By way of example of such derivatives 5methyl-7-hydroxy-s-triazolo (1,5-a)-pyrimidine can be mentioned.
  • agents such as hardening agents, Wetting agents, plasticisers, developing agents, and optical sensitising agents can be incorporated into the emulsion in the usual way.
  • the combination of products influencing the development according to the present invention can preferably be used in the development of silver chloride and silver bromochloride emulsions with a hydroquinoneformalde hyde-bisulphide developer, but it can also be used advantageously in the development of other emulsion types in combination with other developers.
  • the latex-plasticiser consists in a latex of 20% by weight of poly(ethyl acrylate) prepared according to known techniques by emulsion polymerisation in the presence of 3% by weight calculated on the monomer of the sodium salt of poly(ethylene-oxyoctylphenol) sulphonic acid wherein three ethylene-oxy units are present, 1% by weight of the sodium salt of the sulphuric acid ester of dodecyl alcohol and 2% of the condensation product of oleic acid and methyl taurine.
  • the dot definition is judged visually by comparison to standard materials, which in decreasing value of dot definition quality are defined with the numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4.
  • the speed, measured at a density 3 above fog, is on a percentage basis as compared with the speed attained after a development time of 3.5 minutes using an emulsion containing no development-influencing compound.
  • Compound I is a polycondensation product of 1 mole of maleic anhydride and 1 mole of polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 2000 prepared in an analogous way to preparation 3 of the British Patent Specification 920,637 filed May 7, 1959 by Gevaert Photo- Producten N.V.
  • Compound 2 is a compound used according to the present invention having the following structural formula:
  • Compound 3 is a polyoxyethylene polymer according to the following structural fomiulaz wherein x is approximately 135.
  • Compound 4 is a polyoxyethylene polymer prepared according to preparation 7 of the U.K. Pat. No. 1,107,022, corresponding to US. Pat. No. 3,573,913.
  • Compound 5 is a compound used according to the present invention having the following structural formula:
  • Compound 6 is a polyoxyethylene polymer prepared according to preparation 3 of the U.K. Pat. No. 1,107,022, corresponding to U.'S. Pat. No. 3,573,913.
  • United Kingdom Pat. No. 1,107,022 is assigned to Gevaert Photo-Producten, N.V., and describes the preparation of various polymeric materials, particularly polyoxyethylene polymers useful in photographic emulsions.
  • X- is an anion selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitrate, bisulfate, and benzotriazoline, and Ar is a phenyl radical.
  • Process according to claim 1, wherein the iodonium derivative is present in a developing bath is an amount varying from 0.1 to 20 g. per litre of developer solution.
  • a photographic light-sensitive silver halide element comprising a member of the group consisting of a silver chloride and a silver bromochloride emulsion, and containing an iodonium compound and a polyoxyalkylene polymer, said iodonium compound corresponding to one of the following structural formulae:
  • each of R, and R' represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl
  • R' represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, a carboxy, or

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
US00185351A 1965-10-07 1971-09-30 Development of photographic material Expired - Lifetime US3817753A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB42591/65A GB1119075A (en) 1965-10-07 1965-10-07 Improvements in and relating to the development of photographic material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3817753A true US3817753A (en) 1974-06-18

Family

ID=10425114

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00185351A Expired - Lifetime US3817753A (en) 1965-10-07 1971-09-30 Development of photographic material

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3817753A (en))
BE (1) BE686519A (en))
DE (1) DE1522398A1 (en))
FR (1) FR1500438A (en))
GB (1) GB1119075A (en))
NL (1) NL6612598A (en))

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947273A (en) * 1973-06-01 1976-03-30 Agfa-Gevaert, N. V. Development modifiers for silver halide emulsions
US4273862A (en) * 1977-06-11 1981-06-16 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Direct-positive silver halide photographic sensitive materials
US4740291A (en) * 1984-12-20 1988-04-26 Union Carbide Corporation Upgrading of pyrolysis tar using acidic catalysts
US5714311A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-02-03 Eastman Kodak Company Thermally processable imaging element comprising aryliodonium compounds
US5733717A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-03-31 Eastman Kodak Company Silver halide photographic elements containing aryliodonium compounds
US5750324A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-05-12 Eastman Kodak Company High chloride emulsions with improved reciprocity

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1179519B (it) * 1984-12-17 1987-09-16 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Materiale fotosensibile agli alogenuri d'argento per l'ottenimento di immagini in bianco e nero a mezza tinta e metodo per la riproduzione a mezza tinta ad alto contrasto
US5605789A (en) * 1994-12-22 1997-02-25 Eastman Kodak Company Iodochloride emulsions containing iodonium salts having high sensitivity and low fog

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947273A (en) * 1973-06-01 1976-03-30 Agfa-Gevaert, N. V. Development modifiers for silver halide emulsions
US4273862A (en) * 1977-06-11 1981-06-16 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Direct-positive silver halide photographic sensitive materials
US4740291A (en) * 1984-12-20 1988-04-26 Union Carbide Corporation Upgrading of pyrolysis tar using acidic catalysts
US5714311A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-02-03 Eastman Kodak Company Thermally processable imaging element comprising aryliodonium compounds
US5733717A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-03-31 Eastman Kodak Company Silver halide photographic elements containing aryliodonium compounds
US5750324A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-05-12 Eastman Kodak Company High chloride emulsions with improved reciprocity

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1119075A (en) 1968-07-10
NL6612598A (en)) 1966-11-25
FR1500438A (fr) 1967-11-03
DE1522398A1 (de) 1969-09-11
BE686519A (en)) 1967-03-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3220839A (en) Photographic emulsions containing isothiourea derivatives
US3367778A (en) Silver salt direct positive emulsion
US3719492A (en) Complexed p-phenylenediamine containing photographic element and development process therefor
US2588982A (en) Direct positive photographs using hydrazine in the emulsion
US3150977A (en) Light-sensitive photographic materials
US3615440A (en) Novel photographic compositions and processes
US3817753A (en) Development of photographic material
US4013471A (en) Development of photographic silver halide elements
JP3041736B2 (ja) ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料
US3519426A (en) Preparation of silver halide emulsions having high covering power
US4038075A (en) Development of photographic silver halide material
US3639417A (en) 2-tetrazolylthiohydroquinones
US3843364A (en) High temperature processing of photographic elements
US3947273A (en) Development modifiers for silver halide emulsions
US3671247A (en) Development of silver halide photographic materials
US3867152A (en) Photographic silver halide material
US3647459A (en) Novel photographic elements and means for rapid processing of photographic elements
JPS6015265B2 (ja) 現像主薬プレカ−サ−を含有する写真要素
JPS5863933A (ja) 画像形成方法
US3532499A (en) Amino - n - oxides as development accelerators in photography
US3392019A (en) Viscous silver halide photographid monobath solutions
JP3445400B2 (ja) 高コントラスト写真要素
JPH06509880A (ja) 酸化現像主薬用ポリマースカベンジャー及びそれを含有する写真要素
US3969117A (en) Lithographic developing process utilizing a silver halide photographic material containing hydroimidazo-s-triazine and polyalkylene oxide derivative
US3459549A (en) Bridged dihydroxynaphthalene and bridged dihydroxyanthracene silver halide developing agents and antifoggants