US5714311A - Thermally processable imaging element comprising aryliodonium compounds - Google Patents
Thermally processable imaging element comprising aryliodonium compounds Download PDFInfo
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- US5714311A US5714311A US08/780,510 US78051097A US5714311A US 5714311 A US5714311 A US 5714311A US 78051097 A US78051097 A US 78051097A US 5714311 A US5714311 A US 5714311A
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002497 iodine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002512 iodyl group Chemical group O=I(=O)[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQPIGGFYSBELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(2+) Chemical compound [Hg+2] BQPIGGFYSBELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940057952 methanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQARMCGNIUBXAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SQARMCGNIUBXAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQORONPQIJQFDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GQORONPQIJQFDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFPBEVFQCXRYIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(O)=C(Cl)C=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KFPBEVFQCXRYIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHZPMLXZOSFAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WHZPMLXZOSFAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IJAPPYDYQCXOEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalazin-1(2H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NN=CC2=C1 IJAPPYDYQCXOEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalazine Chemical compound C1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYRHIOVKTDQVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium phthalimide Chemical compound [K+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)[N-]C(=O)C2=C1 FYRHIOVKTDQVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1CCNN1 NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003232 pyrogallols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YRSQDSCQMOUOKO-KVVVOXFISA-M silver;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O YRSQDSCQMOUOKO-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- OIZSSBDNMBMYFL-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;decanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O OIZSSBDNMBMYFL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MNMYRUHURLPFQW-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O MNMYRUHURLPFQW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LTYHQUJGIQUHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O LTYHQUJGIQUHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ORYURPRSXLUCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ORYURPRSXLUCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OHGHHPYRRURLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;tetradecanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O OHGHHPYRRURLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006296 sulfonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N(*)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethyl(.) Chemical compound Cl[C](Cl)Cl ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROVRRJSRRSGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N victoria blue bo Chemical compound [Cl-].C12=CC=CC=C2C(NCC)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(CC)CC)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 ROVRRJSRRSGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003176 water-insoluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/494—Silver salt compositions other than silver halide emulsions; Photothermographic systems ; Thermographic systems using noble metal compounds
- G03C1/498—Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver
- G03C1/4989—Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver characterised by a thermal imaging step, with or without exposure to light, e.g. with a thermal head, using a laser
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/494—Silver salt compositions other than silver halide emulsions; Photothermographic systems ; Thermographic systems using noble metal compounds
- G03C1/498—Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver
- G03C1/49836—Additives
- G03C1/49845—Active additives, e.g. toners, stabilisers, sensitisers
Definitions
- This invention relates in general to imaging elements and in particular to thermally processable imaging elements. More specifically, this invention relates to imaging elements which comprise a thermographic layer or photothermographic layer and which contain aryliodonium compounds as antifoggants.
- Thermally processable imaging elements including films and papers, for producing images by thermal processing are well known. These elements include photothermographic elements in which an image is formed by imagewise exposure of the element to light followed by development by uniformly heating the element. These elements also include thermographic elements in which an image is formed by imagewise heating the element. Such elements are described in, for example, Research Disclosure, June 1978, Item No. 17029 and U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,080,254, 3,457,075 and 3,933,508.
- One common photothermographic element comprises an oxidation-reduction image forming composition containing an organic silver salt oxidizing agent, a photocatalyst such as silver halide, and a reducing agent.
- the element is stable at ambient temperature, however, after exposure to light, the organic silver salt oxidizing agent and the reducing agent, when heated, undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction due to the catalytic action of the photocatalyst and form silver.
- the silver formed darkens the exposed areas of the photosensitive layer and creates an image.
- a problem which frequently occurs with these types of elements is unintentional darkening of the unexposed areas of the photosensitive layer. This may be caused by reducing agent impurities in the coated element. This darkening is often referred to as fog.
- One compound which has been commonly used to suppress fog is mercuric ion. However it is known that mercury is detrimental to the environment.
- stabilizers and antifoggants which do not otherwise adversely affect the performance of the thermographic element.
- the inventors herein have discovered that organic aryliodonium carboxylates are particularly useful as fog restrainers for such elements.
- Diphenyliodonium salts have been described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,105,274 and 3,817,753 as silver halide development antifoggants and development modifiers
- Diaryliodonium salts of mercuric halides have been described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,554,758 as silver halide fog inhibitors.
- Organic iodyl compounds are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,928,043 as oxidants for leuco dyes, particularly in color diffusion transfer elements.
- Organic multivalent iodine compounds are described in GB 1,552,027 as intensifying agents when added to a photographic material or processing solutions for color silver halide materials.
- certain aryliodonium compounds may be utilized as fog restrainers as described hereafter.
- thermographic or photothermographic imaging layer comprising an aryliodonium compound represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein
- R 1 and R 2 and R 3 are independently H, or aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic groups, alkoxy groups, hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, aryloxy groups, alkylthio groups, arylthio groups, acyl groups, sulfonyl groups, acyloxy groups, carboxyl groups, cyano groups, nitro groups, sulfo groups, alkylsulfoxide or trifluoralkyl groups, or any two of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 together represent the atoms necessary to form a five or six-membered ring or a multiple ring system;
- R 4 is a carboxylate salt or 0 - ; w is 0 or 1; and X - is an anionic counter ion; with the proviso that when R 3 is a carboxyl or sulfo group, w is 0 and R 4 is 0 - .
- the thermally processable elements of this invention exhibit less fog without a large loss of photographic speed.
- the aryliodonium compounds used in this invention can be used to replace mercuric salts and are themselves environmentally benign.
- aryliodonium carboxylate compounds utilized in this invention are represented by the following formula: ##STR3##
- R 1 and R 2 and R 3 can be any substituents which are suitable for use in a silver halide photographic element and which do not interfere with the fog restraining activity of the aryliodonium compound.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be independently H, or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic group or any two of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may together represent the atoms necessary to form a 5 or 6-membered ring or a multiple ring system.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may also be alkoxy groups (for example, methoxy, ethoxy, octyloxy), hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, aryloxy groups (for example, phenoxy), alkylthio groups (for example, methylthio, butylthio), arylthio groups (for example, phenylthio), acyl groups (for example, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, valeryl), sulfonyl groups (for example, methylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl), acyloxy groups (for example, acetoxy, benzoxy), carboxyl groups, cyano groups, nitro groups, sulfo groups, alkylsulfoxide groups and trifluouroalkyl groups.
- alkoxy groups for example, methoxy, ethoxy, octyloxy
- hydroxy groups halogen atoms
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently H, or aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic groups. In another preferred embodiment R 1 and R 2 are independently H, halogen atoms, or aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic groups and R3 is a sulfo or carboxyl group.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are aliphatic groups, preferably, they are alkyl groups having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, or alkenyl or alkynyl groups having from 2 to 22 carbon atoms. More preferably, they are alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or alkenyl or alkynyl groups having 3 to 5 carbon atoms. Most preferably they are alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. These groups may or may not have substituents.
- alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, decyl, dodecyl hexadecyl, octadecyl, cyclohexyl, isopropyl and t-butyl groups.
- alkenyl groups include allyl and butenyl groups and examples of alkynyl groups include propargyl and butynyl groups.
- the preferred aromatic groups have from 6 to 20 carbon atoms and include, among others, phenyl and naphthyl groups. More preferably, the aromatic groups have 6 to 10 carbon atoms and most preferably the aromatic groups are phenyl. These groups may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- the heterocyclic groups are 3 to 15-membered rings with at least one atom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium and tellurium. More preferably, the heterocyclic groups are 5 to 6-membered rings with at least one atom selected from nitrogen.
- heterocyclic groups include pyrrolidine, piperidine, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran, thiophene, oxazole, thiazole, imidazole, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, benzimidazole, selenazole, benzoselenazole, tellurazole, triazole, benzotriazole, tetrazole, oxadiazole, or thiadiazole rings.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may together form a ring or multiple ring system. These ring systems may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the ring and multiple ring systems formed by R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be alicyclic or they may be the aromatic and heterocyclic groups described above.
- R 4 is a carboxylate salt such as acetate, benzoate or trifluoroacetate, or other longer chain acids or R 4 is 0 - . Formate is not generally utilized for R 4 because formate itself can cause fogging problems.
- W is 0 or 1.
- R 3 is a sulfo or carboxyl group w is 0 and R 4 is 0 - .
- X - is any anionic counter ion which is suitable for use in a photographic element and which does not interfere with the fog restraining effect of the compound.
- the counter ions are water soluble.
- Suitable examples of X - include CH 3 CO 2 , Cl, CF 3 SO 3 , PF 6 , Br, BF 4 , AsF 6 , CH 3 SO 3 , CF 3 CO 2 , CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 , HSO 4 , SbF 6 , and CCl 3 CO 2 . Particularly useful are CH 3 CO 2 , CH 3 SO 3 and PF 6 .
- Nonlimiting examples of substituent groups for R 1 , R 2 and R 3 and R 4 include alkyl groups (for example, methyl, ethyl, hexyl), alkoxy groups (for example, methoxy, ethoxy, octyloxy), aryl groups (for example, phenyl, naphthyl, tolyl), hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, aryloxy groups (for example, phenoxy), alkylthio groups (for example, methylthio, butylthio), arylthio groups (for example, phenylthio), acyl groups (for example, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, valeryl), sulfonyl groups (for example, methylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl), acylamino groups, sulfonylamino groups, acyloxy groups (for example, acetoxy, benzoxy), carboxyl groups,
- aryliodonium compounds include, but are not limited to
- Compounds 1, 2, 5, 12, 16, 19, 24, 25, and 29 are examples of particularly suitable compounds for use in this invention.
- aryliodonium compounds are readily synthesized by reaction of the iodosoaryl compound and the corresponding anhydride as discussed in Org. Syn., 1961 and in “Advanced Organic Chemistry,” by Fieser & Fieser, Reinhold, N.Y., 1961 and as shown below: ##STR5## Many of these compounds are commercially available.
- any reference to a substituent by the identification of a group or a ring containing a substitutable hydrogen e.g., alkyl, amine, aryl, alkoxy, heterocyclic, etc.
- a substitutable hydrogen e.g., alkyl, amine, aryl, alkoxy, heterocyclic, etc.
- Useful levels of the aryliodonium compounds range from about 0.001 to 0.5000 mole and preferably from 0.001 to 0.05 mole based on one mole of silver salt oxidizing agent.
- the aryliodonium compounds may be added in any fashion which does not interfere with antifogging action of the compounds.
- the aryliodonium antifoggant is most effective when added to the silver salt oxidizing agent or it may conveniently added as a doctor solution at any point in the melt preparation prior to the addition of developer.
- the thermally processable imaging element of this invention can be of the type in which an image is formed by imagewise heating of the element or of the type in which an image is formed by imagewise exposure to light followed by uniform heating of the element.
- the latter type of element is commonly referred to as a photothermographic element.
- Typical photothermographic imaging elements within the scope of this invention comprise at least one imaging layer containing in reactive association in a binder, preferably a binder comprising hydroxyl groups, (a) photographic silver halide prepared in situ and/or ex situ, (b) an image-forming combination comprising (i) an organic silver salt oxidizing agent, with (ii) a reducing agent for the organic silver salt oxidizing agent and (c) an optional toning agent.
- References describing such imaging elements include, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,457,075; 4,459,350; 4,264,725 and 4,741,992 and Research Disclosure, June 1978, Item No. 17029.
- the photothermographic element comprises a photosensitive component that consists essentially of photographic silver halide.
- the latent image silver from the silver halide acts as a catalyst for the described image-forming combination upon processing.
- a preferred concentration of photographic silver halide is within the range of 0.01 to 10 moles of photographic silver halide per mole of silver behenate in the photothermographic material.
- Other photosensitive silver salts are useful in combination with the photographic silver halide if desired.
- Preferred photographic silver halides are silver chloride, silver bromide, silver bromochloride, silver bromoiodide, silver chlorobromoiodide, and mixtures of these silver halides. Very fine grain photographic silver halide is especially useful.
- the photographic silver halide can be prepared by any of the known procedures in the photographic art. Such procedures for forming photographic silver halides and forms of photographic silver halides are described in, for example, Research Disclosure, December 1978, Item No. 17029 and Research Disclosure, June 1978, Item No. 17643. Tabular Grain photosensitive silver halide is also useful, as described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,435,499.
- the photographic silver halide can be unwashed or washed, chemically sensitized, protected against the formation of fog, and stabilized against the loss of sensitivity during keeping as described in the above Research Disclosure publications.
- the silver halides can be prepared in situ as described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,457,075, or prepared ex situ by methods known in the photographic art.
- the photothermographic element typically comprises an oxidation-reduction image forming combination that contains an organic silver salt oxidizing agent, preferably a silver salt of a long chain fatty acid.
- organic silver salts are resistant to darkening upon illumination.
- Preferred organic silver salt oxidizing agents are silver salts of long chain fatty acids containing 10 to 30 carbon atoms. Examples of Useful organic silver salt oxidizing agents are silver behenate, silver stearate, silver oleate, silver laurate, silver hydroxystearate, silver caprate, silver myristate, and silver palmitate, with silver behenate being particularly useful. Combinations of organic silver salt oxidizing agents are also useful.
- An example of a useful organic silver salt oxidizing agent that is not an organic silver salt of a fatty acid is silver benzotriazole.
- the optimum concentration of organic silver salt oxidizing agent in the photothermographic element will vary depending upon the desired image, particular organic silver salt oxidizing agent, particular reducing agent and particular photothermographic element. When combinations of organic silver salt oxidizing agents are present, the total concentration of organic silver salt oxidizing agents is preferably within the described concentration range.
- a variety of reducing agents are useful in the photothermographic element.
- useful reducing agents in the image-forming combination include substituted phenols and naphthols, such as bis-beta-naphthols; polyhydroxybenzenes, such as hydroquinones, pyrogallols and catechols; aminophenols, such as 2,4-diaminophenols and methylaminophenols; ascorbic acid reducing agents, such as ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid ketals and other ascorbic acid derivatives; hydroxylamine reducing agents; 3-pyrazolidone reducing agents, such as 1-phenyl-3-pyrazoliaone and 4-methyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone; and sulfonamidophenols and other organic reducing agents known to be useful in photothermographic elements, such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,933,508, U.S. Pat. No. 3,801,321 and Research Disclosure, June 1978, Item No
- Preferred organic reducing agents in the photothermographic element are sulfonamidophenol reducing agents, such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,801,321.
- useful sulfonamidophenol reducing agents are 2,6-dichloro-4-benzenesulfonamidophenol; benzenesulfonamidophenol; and 2,6-dibromo-4-benzenesulfonamidophenol, and combinations thereof.
- An optimum concentration of organic reducing agent in the photothermographic element varies depending upon such factors as the particular photothermographic element, desired image, processing conditions, the particular organic silver salt and the particular oxidizing agent.
- the photothermographic element preferably comprises a toning agent, also known as an activator-toner or toner-accelerator.
- a toning agent also known as an activator-toner or toner-accelerator.
- Combinations of toning agents are also useful in the photothermographic element. Examples of useful toning agents and toning agent combinations are described in, for example, Research Disclosure, June 1978, Item No. 17029 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,123,282.
- useful toning agents include, for example, phthalimide, N-hydroxyphthalimide, N-potassium-phthalimide, succinimide, N-hydroxy-1,8-naphthalimide, phthalazine, 1-(2H)-phthalazinone and 2-acetylphthalazinone.
- Post-processing image stabilizers and latent image keeping stabilizers are useful in the photothermographic element. Any of the stabilizers known in the photothermographic art are useful for the described photothermographic element. Illustrative examples of useful stabilizers include photolytically active stabilizers and stabilizer precursors as described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,459,350. Other examples of useful stabilizers include azole thioethers and blocked azolinethione stabilizer precursors and carbamoyl stabilizer precursors, such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,877,940.
- the thermally processable elements as described preferably contain various colloids and polymers alone or in combination as vehicles and binders and in various layers.
- Useful materials are hydrophilic or hydrophobic. They are transparent or translucent and include both naturally occurring substances, such as gelatin, gelatin derivatives, cellulose derivatives, polysaccharides, such as dextran, gum arabic and the like; and synthetic polymeric substances, such as water-soluble polyvinyl compounds like poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and acrylamide polymers.
- Other synthetic polymeric compounds that are useful include dispersed vinyl compounds such as in latex form and particularly those that increase dimensional stability of photographic elements.
- Effective polymers include water insoluble polymers of acrylates, such as alkylacrylates and methacrylates, acrylic acid, sulfoacrylates, and those that have cross-linking sites.
- Preferred high molecular weight materials and resins include poly(vinyl butyral), cellulose acetate butyrate, poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), ethyl cellulose, polystyrene, poly(vinyichloride), chlorinated rubbers, polyisobutylene, butadiene-styrene copolymers, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate, poly(vinyl alcohol) and polycarbonates.
- Photothermographic elements and thermographic elements as described can contain addenda that are known to aid in formation of a useful image.
- the photothermographic element can contain development modifiers that function as speed increasing compounds, sensitizing dyes, hardeners, antistatic agents, plasticizers and lubricants, coating aids, brighteners, absorbing and filter dyes, such as described in Research Disclosure, December 1978, Item No. 17643 and Research Disclosure, June 1978, Item No. 17029.
- the thermally processable element can comprise a variety of supports.
- useful supports are poly(vinylacetal) film, polystyrene film, poly(ethyleneterephthalate) film, poly(ethylene naphthalate) film, polycarbonate film, and related films and resinous materials, as well as paper, glass, metal, and other supports that withstand the thermal processing temperatures.
- the layers of the thermally processable element are coated on a support by coating procedures known in the photographic art, including dip coating, air knife coating, curtain coating or extrusion coating using hoppers. If desired, two or more layers are coated simultaneously.
- Spectral sensitizing dyes are useful in the photothermographic element to confer added sensitivity to the element.
- Useful sensitizing dyes are described in, for example, Research Disclosure, June 1978, Item No. 17029 and Research Disclosure, December 1978, Item No. 17643.
- a photothermographic element as described preferably comprises a thermal stabilizer to help stabilize the photothermographic element prior to exposure and processing.
- a thermal stabilizer provides improved stability of the photothermographic element during storage.
- Preferred thermal stabilizers are 2-bromo-2-arylsulfonylacetamides, such as 2-bromo-2-p-tolysulfonylacetamide; 2-(tribromomethyl sulfonyl)-benzothiazole; and 6-substituted-2,4-bis(tribromomethyl)-s-triazines, such as 6-methyl or 6-phenyl-2,4-bis(tribromomethyl)-s-triazine.
- the thermally processable elements are exposed by means of various forms of energy.
- forms of energy include those to which the photographic silver halides are sensitive and include ultraviolet, visible and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as electron beam and beta radiation, gamma ray, x-ray, alpha particle, neutron radiation and other forms of corpuscular wave-like radiant energy in either non-coherent (random phase) or coherent (in phase) forms produced by lasers.
- Exposures are monochromatic, orthochromatic, or panchromatic depending upon the spectral sensitization of the photographic silver halide. Imagewise exposure is preferably for a time and intensity sufficient to produce a developable latent image in the photothermographic element.
- the resulting latent image is developed merely by overall heating the element to thermal processing temperature.
- This overall heating merely involves heating the photothermographic element to a temperature within the range of about 90° C. to 180° C., until a developed image is formed, such as within about 0.5 to about 60 seconds.
- a preferred thermal processing temperature is within the range of about 100° C. to about 140° C.
- thermographic imaging means can be, for example, an infrared heating means, laser, resistive head heater, microwave heating means or the like.
- Heating means known in the photothermographic and thermographic imaging arts are useful for providing the desired processing temperature for the exposed photothermographic element.
- the heating means is, for example, a simple hot plate, iron, roller, heated drum, microwave heating means, heated air or the like.
- Thermal processing is preferably carried out under ambient conditions of pressure and humidity. Conditions outside of normal atmospheric pressure and humidity are useful.
- the components of the thermally processable element can be in any location in the element that provides the desired image. If desired, one or more of the components can be in one or more layers of the element. For example, in some cases, it is desirable to include certain percentages of the reducing agent, toner, stabilizer and/or other addenda in the overcoat layer over the photothermographic imaging layer of the element. This, in some cases, reduces migration of certain addenda in the layers of the element.
- the components of the imaging combination be "in association" with each other in order to produce the desired image.
- association herein means that in the photothermographic element the photographic silver halide and the image forming combination are in a location with respect to each other that enables the desired processing and forms a useful image.
- a control photothermographic element was prepared having the following composition:
- the resulting photothermographic silver halide composition was coated at a wet laydown of 5.64 g/ft 2 on a poly(ethyleneterephthylate) film support.
- the coating was dried at 77° C. for 2 minutes in an air chamber and was then overcoated with the following overcoat composition:
- the resulting overcoat composition was coated over the dried photothermographic silver halide composition to a wet laydown of 3.51 g/ft 2 .
- the coating was permitted to dry at 77° C. for 2 minutes in an air chamber.
- the composition of the overcoat is constant and is as described above.
- the antifoggant iodobenzene diacetate (IDA) was obtained from Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc.
- the IDA was added as a 5% by weight solution in methanol to the emulsion layer melt before the addition of developer.
- the SnCl 2 foggant solution was prepared by adding 0.10 g SnCl 2 to 40 g acetone. The foggant solution was added to the silver behenate dispersion.
- the sensitometric data in Table II demonstrates that the use of the iodobenzene diacetate antifoggant is effective in reducing the level of Dmin in an emulsion layer that had been intentionally fogged.
- Table III The sensitometric data in Table II demonstrates that the use of the iodobenzene diacetate antifoggant is effective in reducing the level of Dmin in an emulsion layer that had been intentionally fogged.
- the sensitometric data in Table III demonstrates that the use of the iodobenzenediacetate antifoggant is effective in reducing the level of Dmin in films that have been push processed (processed at a higher temperature) than the check film which contained the intentional foggant and no antifoggant (coating #2).
- Coatings 1-4 of the above series were stored at 15% relative humidity at room temperature for six months, then removed from this environment and exposed and processed at 119° C. as above. The sensitometric results are shown in Table IV.
- iodobenzene diacetate antifoggant is capable of substantially reducing the level of fog (Dmin) in a photothermographic layer that contains a silver behenate dispersion having a high level of inherent fog, without the use of an intentional foggant.
- a photothermographic layer was prepared that was similar to that in Example 1 except that a different silver behenate solution was used. Also, a different cyanine sensitizing dye was used.
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Abstract
Description
__________________________________________________________________________ ##STR4## Compound R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 W X __________________________________________________________________________ 1 H H H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 2 H H H OCOCF.sub.3 1 OCOCF.sub.3 3 H CH.sub.3 H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 4 H CH.sub.3 CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 5 H H CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 6 H CN CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 7 OCH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 8 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 9 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 12 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 13 H H SO.sub.3 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 14 H CN CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 15 OCH.sub.3 Cl H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 16 CO.sub.2 H H H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 17 OCH.sub.3 Cl CH.sub.3 OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 18 H H H OCOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 19 H CH.sub.2 OH H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 20 Cl CH.sub.2 OH CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 21 Cl CH.sub.3 SO.sub.3 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 22 CH.sub.3 CN CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 23 CF.sub.3 Cl H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 24 CO.sub.2 H H H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 25 OCCH.sub.3 H C.sub.6 H.sub.5 OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 26 C.sub.6 H.sub.5 H H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 27 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CO.sub.2 H H H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 28 H CH.sub.2 OH CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 29 SO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 H H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 30 Cl CN CO.sub.2 H 0.sup.- 0 -- 31 CF.sub.3 OCH.sub.3 H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 32 CO.sub.2 H CO.sub.2 H H OCOCH.sub.3 1 OCOCH.sub.3 __________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________ Component Grams ______________________________________ Silver behenate dispersion (contains 19.4% 44.39 by weight silver behenate in 5.0% by weight methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) solution of polyvinylbutyral (Butvar B-76 which is a trademark of Monsanto Co., USA) Sodium Iodide 0.052 Silver bromide (silver bromide emulsion 8.06 contains 42.0 grams Ag/liter in 11.4% by weight MIBK solution of Butvar B-76) Succinimide development accelerator (8.8% 4.84 by weight in 12.3% by weight acetone solu- tion of Butvar B-76) SF-96 (5% by weight of SF-96 in MIBK. SF- 0.143 96 is a polysiloxane fluid available from and a trademark of General Electric Co., U.S.A. 2-Bromo-2-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl) 2.79 acetamide (4.0% by weight in acetone) 2,4-Bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(1-naphthyl)-s- 0.027 triazine Palmitic acid (10% by weight in acetone) 1.74 Sensitizing dye, (SS-1) (0.10% by weight in 9.84 13.5% by weight acetone solution of Butvar B-76) 4-Benzenesulfonamidophenol (8.4% by weight 28.16 in 8.7% by weight MIBK solution of Butvar 100.0 B-76) ______________________________________ ##STR6##
______________________________________ Component Grams ______________________________________ Polyvinylalcohol (A 6.0% by weight solution 31.8 in water of Elvanol 52/22 which is a trade- mark of E. I. DuPont de Nemours Co., Inc. Distilled water 48.6 Hydrolyzed tetraethyl ortho silicate sol- 18.5 gel (16.5% by weight silica in water/meth- anol). see US 4,741,992. Surfactant (10 G which is para-isononyl- 0.17 phenoxypolyglycidol and is a trademark of and available from Olin Corp., USA) Matte 0.82 Blue dye (Victoria Pure Blue BO, Aldrich 0.04 Chemical Co., Inc. 100.0 ______________________________________
TABLE I ______________________________________ Amount SnCl.sub.2 Antifoggant Coating Foggant Type/Level ______________________________________ 1 None None (Control) 2 0.12 mg/ft.sup.2 None 3 0.12 mg/ft.sup.2 HgBr.sub.2, 0.22 mg/ft.sup.2 4 0.12 mg/ft.sup.2 IDA 5.3 mg/ft.sup.2 5 0.12 mg ft.sup.2 IDA 10.6 mg/ft.sup.2 ______________________________________
TABLE II ______________________________________ Coating Dmin Dmax Speed ______________________________________ 1 0.13 2.25 249 2 0.27 2.34 250 3 0.15 2.25 252 4 0.17 1.69 212 5 0.13 1.36 180 ______________________________________
TABLE III ______________________________________ Coating ID Dmin Dmax Speed ______________________________________ 1 0.19 2.70 268 2 0.34 2.74 269 3 0.21 2.55 271 4 0.20 2.25 235 5 0.14 1.77 191 ______________________________________
TABLE IV ______________________________________ Coating Dmin Dmax Speed ______________________________________ 1 0.18 3.11 255 2 0.23 3.09 251 3 0.18 2.69 251 4 0.18 3.09 244 ______________________________________
TABLE V ______________________________________ Use of AgBe with IDA Coating High Inherent Fog Level Dmin Dmax Speed ______________________________________ 6 Yes None 0.39 2.78 309 (Control) 7 Yes 2.65 0.19 2.62 317 mg/ft.sup.2 ______________________________________
Claims (16)
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0921434A1 (en) * | 1997-12-06 | 1999-06-09 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Thermographic recording material with improved image density and/or image gradation upon thermal development |
US6037114A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2000-03-14 | Agfa-Gevaert | Thermographic recording material with improved image density and/or image gradation upon thermal development |
US6297001B1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2001-10-02 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographic material |
EP1186948A1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-03-13 | Agfa-Gevaert | Photothermographic recording material with increased photosensitivity |
US6576413B2 (en) | 2000-09-11 | 2003-06-10 | Agfa-Gevaert | Photothermographic recording material with increased photosensitivity |
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US2105274A (en) * | 1935-12-13 | 1938-01-11 | Felix Sager & Dr Gossler Gmbh | Process of preventing yellow stain in photographic preparations and regulation of the halogen content thereof |
US3554758A (en) * | 1967-03-06 | 1971-01-12 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | Photographic light-sensitive material |
US3817753A (en) * | 1965-10-07 | 1974-06-18 | Agfa Gevaert | Development of photographic material |
US3928043A (en) * | 1973-11-16 | 1975-12-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic elements containing iodoso or iodoxy oxidants |
GB1552027A (en) * | 1975-12-17 | 1979-09-05 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Forming colour photographic images using an intensifying agent |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2105274A (en) * | 1935-12-13 | 1938-01-11 | Felix Sager & Dr Gossler Gmbh | Process of preventing yellow stain in photographic preparations and regulation of the halogen content thereof |
US3817753A (en) * | 1965-10-07 | 1974-06-18 | Agfa Gevaert | Development of photographic material |
US3554758A (en) * | 1967-03-06 | 1971-01-12 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | Photographic light-sensitive material |
US3928043A (en) * | 1973-11-16 | 1975-12-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic elements containing iodoso or iodoxy oxidants |
GB1552027A (en) * | 1975-12-17 | 1979-09-05 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Forming colour photographic images using an intensifying agent |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0921434A1 (en) * | 1997-12-06 | 1999-06-09 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Thermographic recording material with improved image density and/or image gradation upon thermal development |
US6037114A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2000-03-14 | Agfa-Gevaert | Thermographic recording material with improved image density and/or image gradation upon thermal development |
US6297001B1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2001-10-02 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographic material |
EP1186948A1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-03-13 | Agfa-Gevaert | Photothermographic recording material with increased photosensitivity |
US6576413B2 (en) | 2000-09-11 | 2003-06-10 | Agfa-Gevaert | Photothermographic recording material with increased photosensitivity |
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