US3817722A - Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment - Google Patents

Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3817722A
US3817722A US00281311A US28131172A US3817722A US 3817722 A US3817722 A US 3817722A US 00281311 A US00281311 A US 00281311A US 28131172 A US28131172 A US 28131172A US 3817722 A US3817722 A US 3817722A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
weight
combustion
ash
corrosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00281311A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
J Scott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Perolin Co Inc
Original Assignee
Perolin Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perolin Co Inc filed Critical Perolin Co Inc
Priority to US00281311A priority Critical patent/US3817722A/en
Priority to ZA735035A priority patent/ZA735035B/xx
Priority to GB3554373A priority patent/GB1445381A/en
Priority to GB956676A priority patent/GB1445382A/en
Priority to IL42836A priority patent/IL42836A/en
Priority to CA177,925A priority patent/CA1007048A/en
Priority to IT12798/73A priority patent/IT997959B/it
Priority to AR249581A priority patent/AR219039A1/es
Priority to AU59199/73A priority patent/AU481255B2/en
Priority to DK447673A priority patent/DK133306C/da
Priority to SE7311146A priority patent/SE383162B/xx
Priority to BR6290/73A priority patent/BR7306290D0/pt
Priority to JP9203873A priority patent/JPS5343965B2/ja
Priority to FR7329891A priority patent/FR2196382B1/fr
Priority to PL1973164711A priority patent/PL90295B1/pl
Priority to CH1181473A priority patent/CH609371A5/xx
Priority to ES417924A priority patent/ES417924A1/es
Priority to NO3256/73A priority patent/NO136676C/no
Priority to DE19732365763 priority patent/DE2365763C3/de
Priority to NL7311412.A priority patent/NL158217B/xx
Priority to DE19732341692 priority patent/DE2341692C3/de
Priority to US05/479,099 priority patent/US3994699A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3817722A publication Critical patent/US3817722A/en
Priority to DK416774A priority patent/DK132959C/da
Priority to SE7503459A priority patent/SE405608B/xx
Priority to NO770725A priority patent/NO137447C/no
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/106—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives mixtures of inorganic compounds with organic macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1291—Silicon and boron containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1886—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof naphthenic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C10L1/202—Organic compounds containing halogen aromatic bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10L1/2437—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfonamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/28—Organic compounds containing silicon

Definitions

  • the additive components can be organic compounds, inorganic compounds or mixtures thereof, and such compounds or mixtures thereof can be either soluble or dispersible in water or oil. They can be individually or collectively blended with bulk fossil fuel prior to burning, introduced to the combustion zone separately from the fuel, or in the case of furnaces and boilers, introduced directly to the ash deposition zone.
  • the additive components should be present in amounts to provide at least 0.05 parts by weight of combined SiO and MgO equivalent to each part by weight of ash in said fuel.
  • the additive components should be present in amounts to provide at least 2 parts by Weight of magnesium to each part by weight of vanadium in said fuel, with the SiO' :Mg0 ratio of said components being such as to provide at least 2 parts by weight of silicon to each part by weight of alkali metal in said fuel and in the air combining therewith on combustion.
  • This invention relates to compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment wherein additive components comprising sources of silicon and magnesium are employed in proportions such as to provide a combined SiO and MgO equivalent, wherein the SiO :MgO ratio is greater than 2:1, and preferably in excess of 3:1.
  • Increasing the SiO :MgO ratio provides added benefits in the inhibiting of corrosion and ash deposition and the extent of increase of this ratio is limited only by economic factors. In the operation of gas turbines, for example, it is desirable and economically practical to employ a SiO :MgO ratio of 6:1 and higher with high sodium fuels.
  • ash contained in liquid hydrocarbon fuels varies with the source of the crude petroleum oils, and that such variation carries over to residual oils which are derived from these crudes in refinery processing.
  • the ash of such oils generally has low melting temperature in the range of 950 F.1200 F., and contain, inter alia, vanadium, alkali metals and sulfur compounds which are generally considered to be the primary causes of corrosion and of ash deposits on metal surfaces exposed to the elevated temperatures of the combustion products leaving the combustion zone.
  • silicon additives has demonstrated effectiveness in modifying the nature of oil ash, vanadium slag deposits in fossil fuel burning apparatus, preventing metal fouling problems and inhibiting corrosion by increasing ash melting temperatures sufiiciently to eliminate the presence of corrosive liquid phases.
  • silicon additives have provided excellent control of oil ash deposit formation on turbine blades at temperatures below 1300 F., permitting continuous base load type operation with residual grade fuels and operation of power generating turbines for periods of up to 5,000 hours without the necessity for interruption of operation for turbine blade cleaning, the use of silicon despite its effectiveness in preventing fouling of turbine blading and subsequent decrease in output, is not effective in suppressing corrosion at higher operating temperature levels.
  • the system of fuel treatment that has been used with varying degrees of success at temperatures up to about 1400 F. and which has permitted operation of gas turbines with ash containing fuels for peaking service for power generation, consists of water washing of the fuel for the virtual elimination of alkali metal salts (sodium and potassium) employing a demulsifier to eliminate the wash water, and adding to the washed fuel a saturated water solution of Epsom salts (MgSO .7H O) mechanically dispersed in the fuel prior to combustion at a dosage sufiicient to yield 3 parts by weight of magnesium per part of vanadium in the fuel.
  • alkali metal salts sodium and potassium
  • Epsom salts MgSO .7H O
  • This type of fuel treatment has provided generally adequate corrosion control and produces water washable deposits on turbine blading; however, the use of magnesium contributes substantially to the fouling of turbine blading and results in a continual loss of power output.
  • nickel base and cobalt base alloys have been resorted to, both to provide high temperature metal strength and to improve corrosion resistance.
  • Such alloys are expensive, and usually significantly increase the cost of fuel burning equipment. Consequently, such use is quite limited in boilers; whereas in gas turbine heat and corrosion resistant alloys must be used for turbine blading materials since metal temperatures may be as much as 400 F.- 500 F. higher than in boilers.
  • ASTM gas turbine specifications set limits of 5 ppm. of sodium and 2 ppm. of vanadium for GT1, GT2, and GT3 fuel specifications which are intended to be burned without the need for any additive for either corrosion or deposit control. Although these specifications were set by the turbine manufacturers and fuel companies, recent industry experience has shown that fuels containing these contaminant levels are wholly unacceptable, and result in rapid destruction of turbine blades in turbines operating with metal temperatures of about 1400 F. and higher.
  • Magnesium additives which have heretofore been used do not provide satisfactory corrosion inhibition or deposit modification in gas turbines at such high temperatures and are incapable of preventing sulfidation-type corrosion. This coupled with the scarcity and prohibitive costs of distillate fuels, is seriously deterring the more extensive use of the more eflicient high temperature gas turbines.
  • the sources of silicon and magnesium can be widely varied so long as they provide SiO and MgO at the temperatures encountered in the combustion zone and ash deposition zone of fossil fuel burning equipment.
  • the additive components can be organic compounds, inorganic compounds, or mixtures thereof, and such compounds or mixtures thereof can be either soluble or dispersible in water or oil. They can be individually or collectively blended with the bulk fossil fuel prior to burning, introduced to the combustion zone separately from the fuel, or in the case of furnaces and boilers, introduced directly to the ash deposition zone.
  • sources of magnesium include materials such as Epsom salt, magnesium acetate and magnesium chloride which are water soluble, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide and magnesium carbonate in the form of finely divided dispersible powders, talc, and certain clays, and natural or synthetic magnesium silicates, which would supply both magnesium and part of the required silicon, and which can be supplied as dry powder dispersible in aqueous or organic liquid media, and magnesium sulfonate, naphthanate, oleate, octoate, and the like, which are oil soluble.
  • sources of silica typical examples include finely divided or colloidal silicas, finely divided inorganic silicates, and organic silicon compounds including in particular silicones, polysilicones, lower alkyl silicates such as tetra-lower-alkyl ortho silicates, mixed ethyl polysilicates, and the like.
  • aqueous solutions and aqueous dispersions can be effected by conventional formulating techniques. Similarly, conventional procedures for preparing organic solvent solutions or suspensions can be employed.
  • organic solvent suspensions or solutions can be prepared in various light petroleum fractions such as kerosene, No. 2 distillate oil and the like.
  • aromatic type solvent is preferred to facilitate uniform blending with the fuel.
  • aromatic solvent can suitably be a relatively high boiling liquid substituted naphthalene or di-substituted benzene compound.
  • Typical aromatic solvents of this type which are commercially available include (1) aromatic solvents which contain methylnaphthalene or naphthalene fractions regardless of origin, that is, whether from coal tar or petroleum sources, (2) methylated naphthalene such as alpha-methyl naphthalene, beta-methylnaphthalene, mixtures of these and derivatives thereof, and (3) chlorinated solvents such as orthodichlorobenzene.
  • a primary approach involves the use of additive components which are combined with fuel by the user or fuel supplier in which the sources of silicon and magnesium can be finely divided powders for mechanical blending with fuel or fluid preparations of either aqueous or organic liquid base in which the magnesium and silicon sources are uniformly blended in the dissolved and/or suspended state.
  • additive compositions provide useful articles of commerce, and can readily be formulated to satisfy the special needs of particular combinations of fossil fuel and fuel burning apparatus.
  • the silicon and magnesium sources be added simultaneously or concurrently. They may be separately introduced to the fuel or to the combustion zone; and if a bulk fuel is provided which contains either the magnesium or silicon component in an appropriate amount, the invention can be practiced by introducing the missing silicon or magnesium source in amount to provide a SiO :MgO ratio greater than 2:1.
  • the additive components can be introduced directly to the ash deposition zone, as for example by introducing additive components through the soot blowers during the periodic use of such blowers.
  • the method of utilizing the present invention differs somewhat depending upon the type of fossil fuel burning apparatus involved.
  • the additive components should be present in amounts to provide at least 0.05 parts by weight of combined Si0 and MgO equivalent to each part by weight of ash in said fuel. This proportion can be increased to 0.1 parts by weight, and higher if desired. Any such increase in the amount of additive components will further improve the control of corrosion and ash deposition; and from a practical standpoint the upper limit to the amount of additive components is an economic one, with a decision being based on a number of variables including, in addition to the cost of additive, factors such as fuel costs and relative efiiciency of the apparatus with difierent degrees of control of corrosion and ash deposition.
  • the dosage When additive is introduced to the combustion zone independently of the fuel, the dosage should generally correspond to the dosage which would be used if combined directly with the fuel.
  • the amount of additive required may be only 10 to 30% the amount required when added to the fuel or introduced directly to the combustion chamber.
  • Such introduction of additive to the ash deposition zone do as not prevent ash deposition, as does introduction to the fuel and to the combustion chamber, but rather provides a means for periodically removing ash deposits already formed, thereby restoring efficiency in operation of the equipment.
  • the additive components should be present in amounts to provide at least 2 parts, and preferably about 3 parts, by weight of magnesium to each part of weight of vanadium in said fuel, with the SiO :MgO ratio of said components being such as to provide at least 2 parts by weight of silicon to each part by weight of alkali metal in said fuel and in the air combining therewith on combustion.
  • the SiO :MgO ratio of said components being such as to provide at least 2 parts by weight of silicon to each part by weight of alkali metal in said fuel and in the air combining therewith on combustion.
  • the amount of alkali metal introduced by salt spray in the combustion air can contribute significantly to the amount of alkali metal present in the combustion products.
  • the indications are that when using additives of the present invention with dosage and Si :MgO ratio geared to the amount of alkali metal in the combustion products, the amount of alkali metal in the combustion products can be substantially increased without detrimental effect. This can involve substantial economic significance since the necessity for virtual elimination of the alkali metal content of fossil fuels adds considerably to fuel costs.
  • magnesium-silicon additives in accordance with the present invention overcome the serious problem of sulfidation corrosion in high temperature gas turbine operation when using high grade fuel recommended for such operation, but the indications are that the improved additives will also make practical the use of substantially lower grade fuel in high temperature gas turbine operation.
  • Such a possibility is being actively pursued, as the use of certain crude oils and other lower grade fuels in high temperature gas turbine operation could lead to considerable expansion in the use of the gas turbine for utility power generation and marine propulsion.
  • emulsifiers or de-emulsifiers can be employed where indicated by the nature of the fuel being treated. So long as additive compositions or treated fuels contain sources of magnesium and silicon in the proportions, and in the amounts herein disclosed, such additive compositions and treated fuels are considered as falling Within the present invention, regardless of whether or not supplementary additive components may be present as above mentioned.
  • EXAMPLE I A series of corrosion and ash deposition tests were conducted on metal specimens simulating gas turbine blades using special equipment which is referred to as a high pressure corrosion test passage. This equipment, which closely approximates conditions in real gas turbines, has been described and illustrated in Paper No. 70-WA/ CD-2, an ASME publication presented at the Annual Meeting, in New York, N.Y., Nov. 30 to Dec. 3, 1970, of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers entitled Laboratory Procedures for Evaluating High- Temperature Corrosion Resistance of Gas Turbine Alloys.
  • the specimens employed were formed of Udimet 500, one of the nickel based superalloys described in said publication.
  • the fuel employed in the tests was No. 2 fuel oil containing ppm. of vanadium and no sodium, and the tests were run for 10 hours at a pressure of 3 atmospheres and with the specimen temperature at 1500 F.
  • additives were incorporated in the oil providing sources of magnesium alone, silicon alone, and three different silicon/magnesium mixtures.
  • test fuel providing a source of magnesium alone was prepared adding to the oil a dispersion of Mg(OH) in paraflinic oil, said dispersion containing 31% by weight of MgO.
  • the test fuel providing a source of silicon alone was prepared by adding to the oil a solution of silicone polymer in high boiling aromatic solvent (a methylnaphthalene fraction having a boiling range of 450 to 700 F.), said solution containing 33% by weight of SiO;.
  • high boiling aromatic solvent a methylnaphthalene fraction having a boiling range of 450 to 700 F.
  • the test fuels providing sources of both magnesium and silicon were prepared using high boiling aromatic solvent solutions of organic magnesium and silicon sources. More particularly, magnesium sulfonate containing 12% by weight MgO and silicone polymer containing by weight SiO: were dissolved in a methylnaphthalene fraction having a boiling range of 450 to 700 F. in amounts to provide 14 to 20% by weight of combined MgO and Si0 equivalent, and in proportions to provide the 'SiO /MgO ratios shown in the following table.
  • additive compositions and treated fuels in accordance with the present invention may contain other additives components having known beneficial effects in particular fuels.
  • the soft frail deposits formed when using the Si/ Mg additives are a distinct improvement over the hard brittle deposits when using additive supplying the suppression of $0 as well as combustion improvers, only magnesium. It is the heavy accumulation of deposit,
  • EXAMPLE III composition consisting essentially of compounds of silicon and magnesium which form SiO and MgO at fuel combustion temperature, the quantities of said compounds being such as to provide a combined SK); and MgO equivalent wherein the SiO :MgO ratio is greater than 2:1.
  • a fossile fuel composition for use in fuel burning equipment comprising a major amount of ash containing fuel having blended therewith additive components consisting essentially of compounds of silicon and magnesium which form SiO and MgO at fuel combustion temperature, the proportions of said compounds being such as to provide a combined SiO and MgO equivalent wherein the SiO :MgO ratio is greater than 2:1, the quantity of said additive components being such as to provide at least 0.05 parts by weight of combined SiO and MgO equivalent to each part by weight of ash in said fuel.
  • a fossil fuel composition for use in gas turbines comprising a major amount of fuel, characterized as containing at least one of the contaminants, vanadium and alkali metal, having blended therewith additive components consisting essentially of compounds of silicon and magnesium which form Si and MgO at fuel combustion temperature, the proportions of said compounds being such as to provide a combined SiO and MgO equivalent wherein the SiO :MgO ratio is greater than 2:1, the quantity of said additive components being such as to provide a minimum of 2 parts by weight of magnesium to each part by weight of vanadium in said fuel, with the SiO :MgO ratio of said components being such as to provide at least 2 parts by weight of silicon to each part by weight of alkali metal in said fuel.
  • a fossil fuel composition for use in gas turbines 12 of said compounds being such as to provide a combined Si02 and MgO equivalent wherein the siO zMgO ratio is greater than 2:1, the quantity of said additive components being such as to provide at least two parts by weight of silicon to each part by weight of alkali metal in the combustion products to the turbine.
  • PATRICK GARVIN Primary Examiner to ingestion of sea salts in the combustion air comprising a major amount of distillate fuel having blended therewith additive components consisting essentially of compounds of silicon and magnesium which form SiO and MgO at fuel combustion temperature, the proportions A. H. METZ, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.-R.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US00281311A 1972-08-17 1972-08-17 Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment Expired - Lifetime US3817722A (en)

Priority Applications (25)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00281311A US3817722A (en) 1972-08-17 1972-08-17 Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
ZA735035A ZA735035B (en) 1972-08-17 1973-07-24 Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
GB956676A GB1445382A (en) 1972-08-17 1973-07-26 Inhibiting of corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
GB3554373A GB1445381A (en) 1972-08-17 1973-07-26 Inhibiting of corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
IL42836A IL42836A (en) 1972-08-17 1973-07-27 Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion and ashdeposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
CA177,925A CA1007048A (en) 1972-08-17 1973-08-01 Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning
IT12798/73A IT997959B (it) 1972-08-17 1973-08-13 Composizione e metodo per prevenire la corrosione ed il deposito di cenere in apparecchi che bruciano combustibile fossile
AR249581A AR219039A1 (es) 1972-08-17 1973-08-14 Composicion de aditivo para inhibir la corrosion y la deposicion de cenizas en equipos que queman combustibles fosiles
AU59199/73A AU481255B2 (en) 1972-08-17 1973-08-14 Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
DK447673A DK133306C (da) 1972-08-17 1973-08-14 Additiv til hindring af korrosion og askeaflejring i anleg til forbrending af brendstof
BR6290/73A BR7306290D0 (pt) 1972-08-17 1973-08-15 Composicoes e processos para inibir corrosao e deposicao de cinza com equipamento de queima de combustivel fosseis
SE7311146A SE383162B (sv) 1972-08-17 1973-08-15 Fossilt brensle och sett att framstella detta
JP9203873A JPS5343965B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-08-17 1973-08-16
PL1973164711A PL90295B1 (en) 1972-08-17 1973-08-16 Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment[us3817722a]
CH1181473A CH609371A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-08-17 1973-08-16
ES417924A ES417924A1 (es) 1972-08-17 1973-08-16 Metodo para inhibir la corrosion y la deposicion de ceniza en la combustion de combustibles fosiles.
NO3256/73A NO136676C (no) 1972-08-17 1973-08-16 Tilsetningsmiddel for } hemme korrosjon og askeavsetning i utstyr hvori fossilt brensel forbrennes
FR7329891A FR2196382B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-08-17 1973-08-16
NL7311412.A NL158217B (nl) 1972-08-17 1973-08-17 Werkwijze voor het bestrijden van corrosie en asafzetting in een met minerale olie gestookte inrichting.
DE19732341692 DE2341692C3 (de) 1972-08-17 1973-08-17 Zusatzmittel und Brennstoffzusammensetzung zum Verhindern der Korrosion und Ascheabscheidung in Anlagen, die durch Verbrennen von fossilem Brennstoff betrieben werden
DE19732365763 DE2365763C3 (de) 1972-08-17 1973-08-17 Brennstoffzusammensetzung für Gasturbinen
US05/479,099 US3994699A (en) 1972-08-17 1974-06-13 Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions
DK416774A DK132959C (da) 1972-08-17 1974-08-05 Brendstoffolie
SE7503459A SE405608B (sv) 1972-08-17 1975-03-25 Anvendning av en fossil brensleblandning i endamal att inhibera korrosion och avsettning av aska i forbrenningsanordningar
NO770725A NO137447C (no) 1972-08-17 1977-03-03 Fossil brenselblanding.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00281311A US3817722A (en) 1972-08-17 1972-08-17 Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/479,099 Continuation-In-Part US3994699A (en) 1972-08-17 1974-06-13 Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3817722A true US3817722A (en) 1974-06-18

Family

ID=23076765

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00281311A Expired - Lifetime US3817722A (en) 1972-08-17 1972-08-17 Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US3817722A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5343965B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AR (1) AR219039A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7306290D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1007048A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH609371A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK133306C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES417924A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2196382B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (2) GB1445381A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IL (1) IL42836A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT997959B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL158217B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO136676C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PL (1) PL90295B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (2) SE383162B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA735035B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980449A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-09-14 Petrolite Corporation Inhibition of lead corrosion
US3994699A (en) * 1972-08-17 1976-11-30 The Perolin Company, Inc. Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions
US4047875A (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-09-13 Petrolite Corporation Inhibition of corrosion in fuels with Mg/Si/Mn combinations
DE2648741A1 (de) * 1976-10-27 1978-05-03 Gni Energetichesky Inst Brennstoffmischung und verfahren zu deren herstellung
US4145297A (en) * 1975-09-19 1979-03-20 Shell Oil Company Fuel and lubricant compositions for inhibition or prevention of octane requirement increase
US4180385A (en) * 1976-11-30 1979-12-25 Chikul Olga S Fuel composition and process for producing same
EP0091266A3 (en) * 1982-04-01 1984-03-28 Betz Europe, Inc. Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits
US4577566A (en) * 1982-04-01 1986-03-25 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using large particle size amorphous silica
WO2000069996A1 (en) * 1999-05-13 2000-11-23 General Electric Company Turbine fuel composition
WO2001086207A1 (de) * 2000-05-05 2001-11-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum schutz einer sio2-beschichtung und verbrennungsvorrichtung mit einem derartigen schutz
US20070042914A1 (en) * 2005-08-17 2007-02-22 Bruce Robertson Rapid setting plugging compositions for sealing subterranean formations
US20110185741A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Fulvio Magni Injection nozzle and method for operating an injection nozzle
WO2014016235A1 (en) 2012-07-24 2014-01-30 Itea S.P.A. Combustion process for fuel containing vanadium compounds
WO2014016237A1 (en) 2012-07-24 2014-01-30 Itea S.P.A. Combustion process for fuel containing vanadium compounds
US20140026827A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2014-01-30 Power & Control Solutions, Inc. System and method for removing slag inside a utility furnace
US9103261B1 (en) 2005-11-14 2015-08-11 Active Spectrum, Inc. Device and method for adjusting dosage of fuel additive based on in-situ measurement of additive and containment concentration
US9303870B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2016-04-05 Power & Control Solutions, Inc. System and method for injecting compound into utility furnace
US20160363322A1 (en) * 2014-06-15 2016-12-15 Alexander Anatoly Khmeloev IR-radar image generator to provide a decoy and associated method of operation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3004733B1 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2016-07-01 Ge Energy Products France Snc Procede mettant en œuvre des additifs bi-metalliques pour l'inhibition de la corrosion vanadique dans des turbines a gaz
USD892671S1 (en) * 2018-04-20 2020-08-11 Buccellati Holding Italia S.P.A. Diamond

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE530671A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1953-07-28
FR1365355A (fr) * 1963-04-30 1964-07-03 Degussa Procédé pour empêcher la corrosion et l'encrassement dans les foyers et appareilsmontés à la suite de ces foyers

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994699A (en) * 1972-08-17 1976-11-30 The Perolin Company, Inc. Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions
US3980449A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-09-14 Petrolite Corporation Inhibition of lead corrosion
US4145297A (en) * 1975-09-19 1979-03-20 Shell Oil Company Fuel and lubricant compositions for inhibition or prevention of octane requirement increase
US4047875A (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-09-13 Petrolite Corporation Inhibition of corrosion in fuels with Mg/Si/Mn combinations
DE2648741A1 (de) * 1976-10-27 1978-05-03 Gni Energetichesky Inst Brennstoffmischung und verfahren zu deren herstellung
US4180385A (en) * 1976-11-30 1979-12-25 Chikul Olga S Fuel composition and process for producing same
EP0091266A3 (en) * 1982-04-01 1984-03-28 Betz Europe, Inc. Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits
US4577566A (en) * 1982-04-01 1986-03-25 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using large particle size amorphous silica
WO2000069996A1 (en) * 1999-05-13 2000-11-23 General Electric Company Turbine fuel composition
US6632257B1 (en) 1999-05-13 2003-10-14 General Electric Company Fuel composition and method for extending the time between turbine washes when burning ash bearing fuel in a turbine
WO2001086207A1 (de) * 2000-05-05 2001-11-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum schutz einer sio2-beschichtung und verbrennungsvorrichtung mit einem derartigen schutz
US6729872B2 (en) 2000-05-05 2004-05-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for protecting an SiO2 coating, and combustion device with protection
US20070042914A1 (en) * 2005-08-17 2007-02-22 Bruce Robertson Rapid setting plugging compositions for sealing subterranean formations
US7544641B2 (en) * 2005-08-17 2009-06-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Rapid setting plugging compositions for sealing subterranean formations
US9103261B1 (en) 2005-11-14 2015-08-11 Active Spectrum, Inc. Device and method for adjusting dosage of fuel additive based on in-situ measurement of additive and containment concentration
US20140026827A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2014-01-30 Power & Control Solutions, Inc. System and method for removing slag inside a utility furnace
US9303870B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2016-04-05 Power & Control Solutions, Inc. System and method for injecting compound into utility furnace
US9476582B2 (en) * 2009-12-11 2016-10-25 Power & Control Solutions, Inc. System and method for removing slag inside a utility furnace
US20110185741A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Fulvio Magni Injection nozzle and method for operating an injection nozzle
US8567198B2 (en) * 2010-01-29 2013-10-29 Alstom Technology Ltd. Injection nozzle having constant diameter pin and method for operating the injection nozzle
WO2014016235A1 (en) 2012-07-24 2014-01-30 Itea S.P.A. Combustion process for fuel containing vanadium compounds
WO2014016237A1 (en) 2012-07-24 2014-01-30 Itea S.P.A. Combustion process for fuel containing vanadium compounds
US9671110B2 (en) 2012-07-24 2017-06-06 Itea S.P.A. Combustion process for fuel containing vanadium compounds
US20160363322A1 (en) * 2014-06-15 2016-12-15 Alexander Anatoly Khmeloev IR-radar image generator to provide a decoy and associated method of operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT997959B (it) 1975-12-30
IL42836A (en) 1976-02-29
NL158217B (nl) 1978-10-16
SE383162B (sv) 1976-03-01
GB1445381A (en) 1976-08-11
FR2196382A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-15
DE2341692A1 (de) 1974-03-21
JPS4980104A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-02
GB1445382A (en) 1976-08-11
NL7311412A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-19
CH609371A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-02-28
PL90295B1 (en) 1977-01-31
CA1007048A (en) 1977-03-22
NO136676C (no) 1977-10-19
DK133306C (da) 1976-09-27
AU5919973A (en) 1975-03-06
DE2365763A1 (de) 1976-07-08
DE2341692B2 (de) 1976-06-10
SE7503459L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-03-25
DK133306B (da) 1976-04-26
NO136676B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-07-11
AR219039A1 (es) 1980-07-31
JPS5343965B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-11-24
FR2196382B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-09-17
DE2365763B2 (de) 1977-06-02
BR7306290D0 (pt) 1974-07-18
ZA735035B (en) 1974-06-26
ES417924A1 (es) 1976-06-16
IL42836A0 (en) 1973-10-25
SE405608B (sv) 1978-12-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3817722A (en) Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
US4131433A (en) Fuel additives, additive compositions and methods of employing same to prevent corrosion of metal surfaces in contact with hot gaseous combustion products
US3692503A (en) Activated manganese containing additive for fuels
US3994699A (en) Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions
US2845338A (en) Fuel additive for removing and inhibiting fireside deposits
US3738819A (en) Method of using combustion adjuvant
US5561977A (en) Method of operating heavy oil-burning gas turbines
US3628925A (en) Combustion adjuvant
Foster et al. Fuels flexibility in heavy-duty gas turbines
CA1047250A (en) Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions
US3630696A (en) Combustion adjuvant
US3514273A (en) Fuel oil additive
US3980449A (en) Inhibition of lead corrosion
Veal et al. Coal—oil dispersions—an overview
US2843200A (en) Fuel oils
US2913319A (en) Fuel oils
JPS6114198B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
Bellan et al. Fuel-composition effects on high-temperature corrosion in industrial/commercial boilers and furnaces: a review
Marner et al. A survey of gas-side fouling in industrial heat-transfer equipment
US2843467A (en) Fuel oils
Buckland Corrosion and Deposit in Gas Turbines
US3078665A (en) Vanadium containing residual fuels modified with iron, c o b a l t or nickel and alkali metal compounds
Slunder The Residual Oil Ash Corrosion Problem—A Review
US3316070A (en) Method for preventing carbonaceous deposits in diesel engines
US3127742A (en) Petroleum fuel composition and process