US3816988A - Process and an apparatus for the production of synthetic, crimped, highly elastic endless yarn - Google Patents

Process and an apparatus for the production of synthetic, crimped, highly elastic endless yarn Download PDF

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US3816988A
US3816988A US00357610A US35761073A US3816988A US 3816988 A US3816988 A US 3816988A US 00357610 A US00357610 A US 00357610A US 35761073 A US35761073 A US 35761073A US 3816988 A US3816988 A US 3816988A
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filaments
bundles
false
ply
heating unit
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US00357610A
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K Heinroth
H Neumann
R Dauscher
H Jurischka
H Bach
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/028—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by twisting or false-twisting at least two filaments, yarns or threads, fixing the twist and separating the filaments, yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the production of synthetic, crimped, highly elastic, endless yarns with a reduced tendency towards twisting by the false-twist technique, and to an apparatus for carrying out the process.
  • filaments of synthetic material can be crimped by the false-twist method.
  • the filament to be treated is heavily twisted, fixed in this twisted form and then continuously untwisted.
  • the filament thus produced shows a tendency towards twisting corresponding to the direction produced by the false twister during texturing.
  • two filaments which show a tendency towards twisting in mutually opposite directions are normally processed in a form in which they are twisted together.
  • a process for the production of a crirnped yarn consisting of synthetic, thermoplastic filaments or bundles of filament which comprises false-twisting in the same direction a ply of two filaments or of two bundles of filaments in the amount of about 5,000 to 15,000 twists per meter immediately after each filament or bundle in the ply has been separately heated sufficiently to fix the twist in the filaments or bundles and plied by bringing the two filaments or the two bundles to the point of plying at an angle between filaments or bundles of approximately 60.
  • the process according to the invention is eminently suitable for texturing filaments or bundles of filaments of fully synthetic high polymers, especially polyamides and high molecular weight linear polyesters and acrylonitrile polymers.
  • a crimping apparatus comprising a pair of filament separating units; means for delivering filament or filament bundles to the separating units; a heating unit which heats the filament or filament bundles separately; a doubling unit; and a false twister; the arrangement being such that after the false twist is imparted to the filaments or bundles very quickly after they leave the heating unit, and the heat is sufficient to fix the twist in the filaments or bundles in whatever direction it exists.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are identical, except that the final twisted ply of filaments is wound on a single cop in FIG. 1 and is separated and wound on two cops in FIG. 2.
  • the filaments 1 and 2 coming from the bobbins are plied together and travel through the delivery mechanism 3 to the two separating units 4 and then over the heating unit 5, the two separating units 6 to the false twister 7.
  • the filaments then travel through the take-ofi' mechanism 8 to the winding mechanism 9. Due to the twist imparted by the false twister 7, a false twist is produced in the section A/B between false twister 7 and separating units 6.
  • the individual filament or bundle of filaments contains alternate portions or segments with opposite twists.
  • the heating unit 5 fixes whatever twist is in the individual filaments or bundles of filaments and in the double filament because the distance between the heating unit and the separating units is so short that the filament is still hot enough to fix the twist as it travels into the doubling unit 10 to form a ply of two filaments or bundles of filaments.
  • the angle for optimum setting at the doubling point amounts to approximately 60. At angles smaller than this, the crimp effect assumes a fine-arc configuration, whilst at larger angles it assumes a large-arc configuration.
  • the false-twist crimping is carried out at elevated temperatures (fixing) in the range from to 220 C. The number of twists amounts to between 5,000 and 15,000 per meter.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the filaments treated as described above can be separated in the component section C/D and separately wound-up.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Two already stretched polyamide-6 filaments of dtex 44 f 9 are unwound from the take-off godet 3 (cf. FIG. 1) at a rate of 392 meters per minute and travel through guides 4 and 6, the heating unit 5, the internal friction twister 7 to the take-off godet 8 which is set to work at 400 meters per minute, equal to a 2 percent difference in speed in relation to the take-off godet 3.
  • the filaments are then wound together on cops 9.
  • the direction of the twist imparted by the false-twister 7 is the S-direction in the component section A/B (of. FIG. 1.) and in the Z-direction in the section C/D.
  • the heating unit 5 has a temperature of 180 C.
  • the peripheral speed of the twister is adjusted in such a way that the filament undergoes approximately 8,000 falsetwists per meter in the S-direction.
  • the yarn thus produced shows alternate segments of S-twist and Z-twist and a crimp contraction of approximately 50 percent for a shrinkage in steam according to Wegner of 11 percent (cf. Mell. 5, 1966, pages 493-495).
  • the yarn has a final denier of 88/18 dtex.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Two unstretched polyamide-6 filaments of dtex 100 f 24 are treated as in Example 1, except that the speed of the godet 3 amounts to 108 meters per minute and the speed of the godet 8 to 400 meters per minute, giving a stretching ratio of 1:3.7.
  • the temperature of the heating unit 5 is 190 C.
  • the yarn thus obtained has a crimp contraction of approximately 45 percent for a shrinkage in steam of approximately 14 percent.
  • the final denier amounts to 200 f 48 dtex.
  • EXAMPLE 3 The conditions are as described in Example 2, except that the bundles of filaments undergoing the texturing treatment are separated behind the false twister 7 in the component section C/D, unwound from the two godets 8 and wound on two cops 9.
  • the final denier amounts to 100/24 dtex.
  • the yarn thus obtained has a crimp contraction of from 40 to 45 percent for a shrinkage in steam of approximately 16 percent.
  • EXAMPLE 4 Two unstretched polyamide-6,6-filaments of dtex 22 f 3 are treated as described in Example 2 except that the speed of godet 3 amounts to meters per minute whilst the speed of godet 8 amounts to 500 meters per minute, giving a stretching ratio of 113.22.
  • the temperature of the heating unit amounts to C.
  • the bundle of filaments are separated behind the false-twister 7 in the component section C/D, unwound from the two godets 8 and wound on two cops 9.
  • the final denier amounts to 22 f 3.
  • the yam thus obtained has a crimp contraction of from 50 to 55 percent for a shrinkage in steam of 9 percent.
  • a process for the production of crimped yarn of synthetic thermoplastic filaments or bundles of filaments which comprises simultaneously false twisting in the same direction a ply of two filaments or of two bundles of filaments in the amount of about 5,000 to 15,000 twists per meter immediately after each filament or bundle in the ply has been separately heated sufficiently to fix the twist in the filaments or bundles and plied by bringing the two filaments or the two bundles to the point of plying at an angle between filaments or bundles of approximately 60.
  • a crimping apparatus comprising a false twister capable of false twisting a ply of two filaments or two bundles of filaments of synthetic thermoplastic material, a heating unit capable of separately and simultaneously heating two parallel traveling filaments or bundles of filaments, means for feeding two separate filaments or two separate bundles of filaments to said heating unit, means for plying together the two separate filaments or the two separate bundles of filaments leaving said heating unit and immediately passing the ply to said false twister, means for stretching said ply between points ahead of said heating unit and after the exit of I said false twister, means for applying to said ply 5,000 to 15,000 twists per meter by said false twister, and means for winding up the heat fixed ply exiting said false twister.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

A process for the production of a crimped yarn of synthetic, thermoplastic filaments or bundles of filaments by false twisting two filaments or two bundles of filaments 5,000-15,000 twists per meter after the filaments have been heated sufficiently to fix the twist and plied together before being subjected to the false twister.

Description

United States Patent Heinroth et a1.
[ June 18, 1974 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen, Germany Filed: May 7, 1973 Appl. No.: 357,610
Related U.S. Application Data Assignee:
1971, abandoned.
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 112,118, Feb. 3,
U.S. Cl. 57/34 HS, 57/157 TS Int. Cl. D0lh 13/26, 002g 1/02 Field of Search... 57/34 R, 34 HS, 77.3-77.45,
57/140 R, 140 B, 157 R, 157 TS, 157 MS Hilleary et a1. 57/34 HS X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS Primary Examiner-Donald E. Watkins Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Plumley & Tyner ABSTRACT twister.
2 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PROCESS AND AN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC, CRIMPED, I-HGTHJY ELASTIC ENDLESS YARN This is a continuation-in-part of our pending patent application, Ser. No. 112,118, now abandoned filed by us on Feb.3, 1971.
This invention relates to a process for the production of synthetic, crimped, highly elastic, endless yarns with a reduced tendency towards twisting by the false-twist technique, and to an apparatus for carrying out the process.
It is known that filaments of synthetic material can be crimped by the false-twist method. To this end, the filament to be treated is heavily twisted, fixed in this twisted form and then continuously untwisted. The filament thus produced shows a tendency towards twisting corresponding to the direction produced by the false twister during texturing. In order to prevent the stitch pattern of knitted fabrics from becoming distorted due to the tendency which the yarn has towards twisting, two filaments which show a tendency towards twisting in mutually opposite directions are normally processed in a form in which they are twisted together.
It is also known that this tendency towards twisting can be reduced by an oppositely directed, false-twist process following the original false-twist process. Unfortunately, the second crimping treatment takes place on account of a reduction in the crimp effect.
These known processes and apparatus are generally highly involved from the point of view of practical application and in some cases only permit low rates of travel. Above all, it must be pointed out that conventional processes can only be used for very narrow denier ranges. Particular reference is made in this connection to the average-denier range for which nobody has yet developed a process that works satisfactorily from the economical point of view; namely, the range from 100 to 400 dtex.
It is an object of this invention to provide a process for the production of synthetic thermoplastic endless yarns with a particularly bulky, highly voluminous and highly elastic character.
This object is achieved by a process for the production of a crirnped yarn consisting of synthetic, thermoplastic filaments or bundles of filament which comprises false-twisting in the same direction a ply of two filaments or of two bundles of filaments in the amount of about 5,000 to 15,000 twists per meter immediately after each filament or bundle in the ply has been separately heated sufficiently to fix the twist in the filaments or bundles and plied by bringing the two filaments or the two bundles to the point of plying at an angle between filaments or bundles of approximately 60.
By virtue of the process according to the invention, it is possible to produce in a single twisting and heating operation a highly elastic yarn with a reduced tendency towards twisting. This is accomplished by providing two synthetic filaments or two bundles of filaments which are false-twisted at a high rate of speed shortly after the filaments or bundles have passed through the heated fixing zone. The high rate of speed causes the filaments or bundles periodically to lose contact with the twister and to unroll in the opposite direction from that imparted by the twister. This produces alternating segments of the filament or the bundle in which the twist has changed direction, e. g. from S- to Z- direction or from Z- to 8- direction. Both twists are fixed in a single operation by the heat supplied to the filaments or bundles by the heater.
The process according to the invention is eminently suitable for texturing filaments or bundles of filaments of fully synthetic high polymers, especially polyamides and high molecular weight linear polyesters and acrylonitrile polymers.
It is another object of the invention to provide an apparatus for carrying out the process. This object is accomplished by a crimping apparatus comprising a pair of filament separating units; means for delivering filament or filament bundles to the separating units; a heating unit which heats the filament or filament bundles separately; a doubling unit; and a false twister; the arrangement being such that after the false twist is imparted to the filaments or bundles very quickly after they leave the heating unit, and the heat is sufficient to fix the twist in the filaments or bundles in whatever direction it exists.
The apparatus and process of this invention are illustrated in the attached drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 are identical, except that the final twisted ply of filaments is wound on a single cop in FIG. 1 and is separated and wound on two cops in FIG. 2. According to FIG. 1, the filaments 1 and 2 coming from the bobbins are plied together and travel through the delivery mechanism 3 to the two separating units 4 and then over the heating unit 5, the two separating units 6 to the false twister 7. The filaments then travel through the take-ofi' mechanism 8 to the winding mechanism 9. Due to the twist imparted by the false twister 7, a false twist is produced in the section A/B between false twister 7 and separating units 6. Due to the fact that the filaments or bundles of filaments momentarily lose contact with the twister and momentarily unroll in the opposite direction, the individual filament or bundle of filaments contains alternate portions or segments with opposite twists. The heating unit 5 fixes whatever twist is in the individual filaments or bundles of filaments and in the double filament because the distance between the heating unit and the separating units is so short that the filament is still hot enough to fix the twist as it travels into the doubling unit 10 to form a ply of two filaments or bundles of filaments.
The angle for optimum setting at the doubling point amounts to approximately 60. At angles smaller than this, the crimp effect assumes a fine-arc configuration, whilst at larger angles it assumes a large-arc configuration. The false-twist crimping is carried out at elevated temperatures (fixing) in the range from to 220 C. The number of twists amounts to between 5,000 and 15,000 per meter.
FIG. 2 shows that the filaments treated as described above can be separated in the component section C/D and separately wound-up.
The following examples further illustrate the invention without limiting it.
EXAMPLE 1 Two already stretched polyamide-6 filaments of dtex 44 f 9 are unwound from the take-off godet 3 (cf. FIG. 1) at a rate of 392 meters per minute and travel through guides 4 and 6, the heating unit 5, the internal friction twister 7 to the take-off godet 8 which is set to work at 400 meters per minute, equal to a 2 percent difference in speed in relation to the take-off godet 3.
The filaments are then wound together on cops 9. The direction of the twist imparted by the false-twister 7 is the S-direction in the component section A/B (of. FIG. 1.) and in the Z-direction in the section C/D. By virtue of the fact that the filaments are fixed in their position by the guides 6, the false twist can only run in the S- direction to guides 6.
The heating unit 5 has a temperature of 180 C. The peripheral speed of the twister is adjusted in such a way that the filament undergoes approximately 8,000 falsetwists per meter in the S-direction. The yarn thus produced shows alternate segments of S-twist and Z-twist and a crimp contraction of approximately 50 percent for a shrinkage in steam according to Wegner of 11 percent (cf. Mell. 5, 1966, pages 493-495). The yarn has a final denier of 88/18 dtex.
EXAMPLE 2 Two unstretched polyamide-6 filaments of dtex 100 f 24 are treated as in Example 1, except that the speed of the godet 3 amounts to 108 meters per minute and the speed of the godet 8 to 400 meters per minute, giving a stretching ratio of 1:3.7. The temperature of the heating unit 5 is 190 C. The yarn thus obtained has a crimp contraction of approximately 45 percent for a shrinkage in steam of approximately 14 percent. The final denier amounts to 200 f 48 dtex.
EXAMPLE 3 The conditions are as described in Example 2, except that the bundles of filaments undergoing the texturing treatment are separated behind the false twister 7 in the component section C/D, unwound from the two godets 8 and wound on two cops 9. The final denier amounts to 100/24 dtex. The yarn thus obtained has a crimp contraction of from 40 to 45 percent for a shrinkage in steam of approximately 16 percent.
EXAMPLE 4 Two unstretched polyamide-6,6-filaments of dtex 22 f 3 are treated as described in Example 2 except that the speed of godet 3 amounts to meters per minute whilst the speed of godet 8 amounts to 500 meters per minute, giving a stretching ratio of 113.22. The temperature of the heating unit amounts to C. As in Example 3, the bundle of filaments are separated behind the false-twister 7 in the component section C/D, unwound from the two godets 8 and wound on two cops 9. The final denier amounts to 22 f 3. The yam thus obtained has a crimp contraction of from 50 to 55 percent for a shrinkage in steam of 9 percent.
What is claimed is:
1. A process for the production of crimped yarn of synthetic thermoplastic filaments or bundles of filaments which comprises simultaneously false twisting in the same direction a ply of two filaments or of two bundles of filaments in the amount of about 5,000 to 15,000 twists per meter immediately after each filament or bundle in the ply has been separately heated sufficiently to fix the twist in the filaments or bundles and plied by bringing the two filaments or the two bundles to the point of plying at an angle between filaments or bundles of approximately 60.
2. A crimping apparatus comprising a false twister capable of false twisting a ply of two filaments or two bundles of filaments of synthetic thermoplastic material, a heating unit capable of separately and simultaneously heating two parallel traveling filaments or bundles of filaments, means for feeding two separate filaments or two separate bundles of filaments to said heating unit, means for plying together the two separate filaments or the two separate bundles of filaments leaving said heating unit and immediately passing the ply to said false twister, means for stretching said ply between points ahead of said heating unit and after the exit of I said false twister, means for applying to said ply 5,000 to 15,000 twists per meter by said false twister, and means for winding up the heat fixed ply exiting said false twister.

Claims (1)

  1. 2. A crimping apparatus comprising a false twister capable of false twisting a ply of two filaments or two bundles of filaments of synthetic thermoplastic material, a heating unit capable of separately and simultaneously heating two parallel traveling filaments or bundles of filaments, means for feeding two separate filaments or two separate bundles of filaments to said heating unit, means for plying together the two separate filaments or the two separate bundles of filaments leaving saId heating unit and immediately passing the ply to said false twister, means for stretching said ply between points ahead of said heating unit and after the exit of said false twister, means for applying to said ply 5,000 to 15,000 twists per meter by said false twister, and means for winding up the heat fixed ply exiting said false twister.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4164838A (en) * 1973-12-06 1979-08-21 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of synthetic endless filaments with good crimping properties
US4982493A (en) * 1987-06-29 1991-01-08 Adalbert Wendt Extraction device for lock cylinders
WO1997048842A1 (en) * 1996-06-20 1997-12-24 American And Efird, Inc. Processing textile strands

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB842463A (en) * 1957-06-19 1960-07-27 Scragg & Sons Improvements in and relating to a method and machine for false twisting textile yarn
US3063124A (en) * 1959-01-05 1962-11-13 Hilleary William Textile heating apparatus
GB991900A (en) * 1961-09-06 1965-05-12 Hobourn Aero Components Ltd Improvements relating to the twisting of yarns
GB1068343A (en) * 1962-09-14 1967-05-10 Scragg & Sons Improvements in or relating to apparatus for heating yarn in false twist crimping machines
US3382657A (en) * 1965-02-17 1968-05-14 Heberlein Patent Corp Manufacture of textured textile yarns
US3445996A (en) * 1967-05-08 1969-05-27 Turbo Machine Co Preheating in yarn texturing
US3468120A (en) * 1968-07-30 1969-09-23 Du Pont Method of producing alternate twist yarn
US3474612A (en) * 1967-08-10 1969-10-28 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic polymer
US3623311A (en) * 1969-11-03 1971-11-30 Turbo Machine Co Apparatus for producing synthetic torque yarns
US3643412A (en) * 1969-07-18 1972-02-22 Nippon Rayon Kk Method and apparatus for the production of crimped yarns
US3683611A (en) * 1969-11-20 1972-08-15 Rhodiaceta Process for producing a novel textured yarn
US3686846A (en) * 1970-08-06 1972-08-29 Joseph F Smith Method and apparatus for treating thermoplastic yarns

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB842463A (en) * 1957-06-19 1960-07-27 Scragg & Sons Improvements in and relating to a method and machine for false twisting textile yarn
US3063124A (en) * 1959-01-05 1962-11-13 Hilleary William Textile heating apparatus
GB991900A (en) * 1961-09-06 1965-05-12 Hobourn Aero Components Ltd Improvements relating to the twisting of yarns
GB1068343A (en) * 1962-09-14 1967-05-10 Scragg & Sons Improvements in or relating to apparatus for heating yarn in false twist crimping machines
US3382657A (en) * 1965-02-17 1968-05-14 Heberlein Patent Corp Manufacture of textured textile yarns
US3445996A (en) * 1967-05-08 1969-05-27 Turbo Machine Co Preheating in yarn texturing
US3474612A (en) * 1967-08-10 1969-10-28 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic polymer
US3468120A (en) * 1968-07-30 1969-09-23 Du Pont Method of producing alternate twist yarn
US3643412A (en) * 1969-07-18 1972-02-22 Nippon Rayon Kk Method and apparatus for the production of crimped yarns
US3623311A (en) * 1969-11-03 1971-11-30 Turbo Machine Co Apparatus for producing synthetic torque yarns
US3683611A (en) * 1969-11-20 1972-08-15 Rhodiaceta Process for producing a novel textured yarn
US3686846A (en) * 1970-08-06 1972-08-29 Joseph F Smith Method and apparatus for treating thermoplastic yarns

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4164838A (en) * 1973-12-06 1979-08-21 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of synthetic endless filaments with good crimping properties
US4982493A (en) * 1987-06-29 1991-01-08 Adalbert Wendt Extraction device for lock cylinders
WO1997048842A1 (en) * 1996-06-20 1997-12-24 American And Efird, Inc. Processing textile strands

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