US3813031A - Rotor having sample holding means - Google Patents

Rotor having sample holding means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3813031A
US3813031A US00277192A US27719272A US3813031A US 3813031 A US3813031 A US 3813031A US 00277192 A US00277192 A US 00277192A US 27719272 A US27719272 A US 27719272A US 3813031 A US3813031 A US 3813031A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cavities
loading
cuvette
cuvettes
transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00277192A
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English (en)
Inventor
N Anderson
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US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
Original Assignee
US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) filed Critical US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
Priority to US00277192A priority Critical patent/US3813031A/en
Priority to GB3010873A priority patent/GB1405694A/en
Priority to CA174,850A priority patent/CA971387A/en
Priority to IL42632A priority patent/IL42632A/xx
Priority to AU58021/73A priority patent/AU478144B2/en
Priority to DE2336619A priority patent/DE2336619C2/de
Priority to ES417075A priority patent/ES417075A1/es
Priority to JP8261673A priority patent/JPS5536938B2/ja
Priority to SE7310265A priority patent/SE392171B/xx
Priority to CH1088273A priority patent/CH567722A5/xx
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7310327,A priority patent/NL177251B/xx
Priority to BR5743/73A priority patent/BR7305743D0/pt
Priority to BE134020A priority patent/BE802973A/xx
Priority to IT27409/73A priority patent/IT995116B/it
Priority to DK422173A priority patent/DK148608C/da
Priority to NO3096/73A priority patent/NO137920C/no
Priority to FR7328380A priority patent/FR2195345A5/fr
Priority to AT678073A priority patent/AT324740B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3813031A publication Critical patent/US3813031A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
    • G01N21/07—Centrifugal type cuvettes

Definitions

  • Cavities in the radially inner set of cavities communicate, on a one-to-one basis, with respective cuvette cavities.
  • a sloping barrier is provided between each loading cavity and corresponding cuvette to allow for centrifugal transfer of fluids from the loading cavity to the cuvette upon rotation of the disk while preventing such transfer or return of fluids under static conditions.
  • An opening is provided through each barrier to enhance mixing in the cuvettes.
  • a vacuum activated drainline extends radially inward from a point adjacent the radial extremity of each cuvette to a vacuum source for removing overlaying liquid from the cuvettes.
  • a central receiving and distribution chamber bordered by segmentation serrations is in fluid communication with each loading cavity to facilitate dynamic or static loading of those cavities.
  • the invention relates generally to photometric analyzers of the multistation, rotary type and more particularly to an improved photometric analyzer which is amenable to serological testing requiring repeated washing or dilution of particulates. It was made in the course of, or under, a contract with the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission.
  • Another, more particular object of the invention is to provide a fast photometric analyzer of the rotary cuvette type which is capable of performing sample and reagent division, mixing, sedimentation, washing, transfer, and light absorbancy functions.
  • a photometric ana- I lyzer of the multistation, rotary cuvette type which is capable of performing sample and reagent dirotate about its central axis.
  • the radially outer set of cavities constitutes a rotary cuvette system where photometric measurements are made.
  • Cavities in the radially inner set of cavities, herein designated loading cavities communicate, on a one-to-one basis, with respective cavities in the radially outer set.
  • a radially extending passageway positioned angularly to one side of the barrier results in improved mixing in the cuvettes.
  • a drainline extends radially inward from a point adjacent the radial extremity of each cuvette to a vacuum source for removing overlaying liquid within the cuvettes following particle sedimentation therein.
  • a central receiving and distribution chamber bordered by segmentation serrations is in fluid communication with each loading cavity to facilitate loading of those cavities under static or dynamic conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view, highly schematic, of a multistation, rotary type photometric analyzer made in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a rotor assembly used in the photometric analyzer of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 illustrate the operation of the rotor assembly of FIG. 2 in performing reaction, sedimentation, washing, and fluid transfer functions.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates, in a vertical view, a photometric analyzer made in accordance with the invention.
  • a pancake-shaped rotor assembly 1 includes a flanged steel rotor body 2, transparent glass or plastic plates 3 and 4, a polytetrafluorethylene or other plastic disk 5 defining loading cavities and cuvettes, and a bolted flange ring 6 for holding plates 3 and 4 and disk 5 within rotor body 2. Plates 3 and 4 and disk 5 are sandwiched together between rotor body 2 and flange ring 6 to form loading cavities 7 and cuvettes 8 which are disposed in concentric annular arrays at respectively increasing rotor radii.
  • Drainlines 9 extend from a point adjacent the radial extremity of each cuvette 8 to a central vacuum plenum 10 which passes through drive and support shaft 11 to a vacuum source (not shown).
  • a sloping barrier 12 separates each loading cavity 7 from a corresponding cuvette 8 under static conditions while permitting centrifugal transfer of liquids from the loading cavities to the cuvettes.
  • Recesses 13 in plate 4 are positioned directly above each barrier 12 to permit liquid to flow over the barrier into cuvettes 8 during rotation of the rotor assembly.
  • the slope, spacing, and orientation of loading cavities 7, cuvettes 8, and drainlines 9 are further illustrated in the plan view of FIG. 2, which is described below.
  • Cuvettes 8 are designed to permit simultaneous photometric analyses of a multiplicity of discrete samples.
  • a multiplicity of spacedapart holes 14, axially aligned with and equal in number to cuvettes 8, are provided in rotor body 2.
  • Light passing through holes 14 continues through transparent plate 3, cuvettes 8, and transparent plate 4 to a photodetector as indicated schematically by a broken line in FIG. 1.
  • a system of photometric light source, photodetecting means, and other ancillary electronic components suitable for use with the above rotor assembly is described in copending application of common applicant and assignee Ser. No. 784,739. That system will not be described here inasmuch as the invention in this case is an improvement restricted to the design of the ,rotor assembly and its method of use only and does not encompass the associated components described in the copending application.
  • FIG. 2 where a plan view of disk 5 is shown, only two of sixteen pairs of loading cavities and cuvettes are shown for purposes of drawing simplification.
  • a central liquid distribution chamber is provided with a serrated periphery in the form of stream segmenting blades 16 for dividing liquid inserted during rotation into substantially equal volumes and for distributing the volumes thus divided to respective loading cavities and cuvettes.
  • radially extending passageways 17 are positioned angularly to one side of each barrier 12 to permit passage of liquid along the corresponding side of mixing cavities 7 and cuvettes 8, thereby enhancing the mixing action in cuvettes 8 through a vortex flow effect illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the operation of loading cavities 7, cuvettes 8, barrier 12, passageway 17, and drainlines 9 may best be understood by referring to FIGS. 3 through 8 where the stepwise operation of the subject photometric analyzer is illustrated.
  • FIG. 3 An initial loading of blood samples or other particulate suspension 18 is first made under static conditions as illustrated in FIG. 3. Access to loading cavities 8 may be made through opening 19 in plate 4 (see FIG. 1) by any suitable loading apparatus such as a hypodermic syringe. Alternatively, a small transfer disk (not shown) may be used to perform the sample loading operation.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the centrifugal transfer of sample 18 to the radial extremity of a corresponding cuvette 8. Transfer ofv the sample to cuvette 8 is accomplished by the sample passing over the sloping barrier 12 through the clearances provided by recesses 13 in plate 4. As shown, the samples are spread in a thin layer on the radially outer wall 20 of each cuvette 8 by the centrifugal action.
  • FIG. 5 shows a diluent stream being directed against segmentation blades 16. After striking plates 16, the divided diluent flows along one side of each loading cavity 7, through passageway 17, and thence into cuvette 8 where it mixes with sample 18. Coriolis forces cause the diluent stream to pass along one side of loading cavity 7 and cuvette 8 in the manner illustrated.
  • the diluent stream may be a washing liquid such as physiological saline or a reactant such as a solution of antibodies depending upon the particular analysis being performed and the stage of the analysis. Rapid and thorough mixing of sample and reactant or washing liquids, as achieved by the subject invention, has long been recognized as desirable and necessary for accurate analysis.
  • particulates in the mixture are centrifugally sedimented against the outer wall 20 of cuvette 8 as shown in FIG. 6, leaving overlaying liquid 21.
  • overlaying liquid 21 is then removed by applying vacuum through drainline 9 as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the aperture 19 in plate 4 may be closed and air pending the particulates, and resedimenting.
  • various reagents may be added and removed sequentially.
  • Agglomeration may be measured by de termining the rate at which resuspended particles are sedimented using photometric techniques in the usual manner. By using a thin pencil of light such as obtained from a slit light source, the sedimentation of particles past a fixed radial position may be observed by observing the output of the photodetector. For measurement of sedimentation rate, two slit light sources spaced at different radial positions may be employed and the time required for a sedimenting boundary to pass from one radius to another measured.
  • Cuvette rotors made in accordance with the invention may be used for the purpose of sedimentation to clarify liquid containing a suspended particulate prior to determining absorbancy of the supernatant liquid remaining after sedimentation.
  • Particulate phenomena including agglomeration, lysis, fluorescence, and radioactivity, can be observed continuously by appropriate detecting means.
  • Supernatant liquid phenomena including optical density, light scattering, fluoresence, radioactivity, and light absorbancy, can also be observed.
  • drainlines 9 may be reoriented to discharge into a vacuum chamber about the periphery of disk 5 or repositioned to communicate with the bottoms of respective cuvettes 8 so that washed cells or other particulates may be recovered from the cuvettes with the rotor assembly at rest for tests in other instruments.
  • Such repositioning would require drainlines 9 to be inclined upward toward plate 4v to avoid cuvette drainage due to gravity alone while permitting vacuum or pressure forced recovery.
  • a wide variety and sequence of washing and reacting steps may be performed using the subject analyzer depending upon the particular analysis. It is intended, rather, that the invention be limited only by the scope of the claims appended hereto.
  • a photometric analyzer including a rotor assembly defining a circular array of sample analysis cuvettes adapted to repeatedly pass between a light source and a photodetector for photometric analysis of the cuvette contents, the improved rotor assembly which defines:
  • a circular array of loading cavities disposed concentrically within said circular array of sample analysis cuvettes, each of said loading cuvettes being in radial alignment with a corresponding cuvette in said circular array of cuvettes;
  • sloped barriers interposed between said loading cavities and cuvettes to prevent transfer of liquid therebetween under static conditions while permitting centrifugal transfer of liquids from said loading cavities to corresponding cuvettes, said barriers each defining a radially oriented mixing passageway which is positioned angularly to one side of said barrier and extends through said barrier;
  • a drain passageway communicating with each of said cuvettes at a point adjacent the radial extrem- 4.
  • the improved rotor assembly of claim 1 wherein a central loading and distribution chamber is provided adjoining the radially inner edge of said loading cavities, and wherein said chamber has a serrated periphery for causing liquid fed therein to be substantially equally distributed to said loading cavities when said rotor assembly is rotating.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
US00277192A 1972-08-02 1972-08-02 Rotor having sample holding means Expired - Lifetime US3813031A (en)

Priority Applications (18)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00277192A US3813031A (en) 1972-08-02 1972-08-02 Rotor having sample holding means
GB3010873A GB1405694A (en) 1972-08-02 1973-06-25 Dynamic multistation photometric analyzer for serological testing
CA174,850A CA971387A (en) 1972-08-02 1973-06-25 Dynamic multistation photometric analyzer for serological testing
IL42632A IL42632A (en) 1972-08-02 1973-06-29 Dynamic multistation photometric analyzer for serological testing
AU58021/73A AU478144B2 (en) 1972-08-02 1973-07-12 Rotor having sample holding means
DE2336619A DE2336619C2 (de) 1972-08-02 1973-07-18 Photometrischer Analysator
ES417075A ES417075A1 (es) 1972-08-02 1973-07-20 Mejoras en analizadores fotometricos dinamicos de estacio- nes multiples para pruebas serologicas.
JP8261673A JPS5536938B2 (pt) 1972-08-02 1973-07-21
SE7310265A SE392171B (sv) 1972-08-02 1973-07-24 Fotometrisk analysapparat
CH1088273A CH567722A5 (pt) 1972-08-02 1973-07-25
NLAANVRAGE7310327,A NL177251B (nl) 1972-08-02 1973-07-25 Fotometrische analyse-inrichting met een rotor waarin een aantal monstercuvetten.
BR5743/73A BR7305743D0 (pt) 1972-08-02 1973-07-27 Montagem aperfeicoada de rotor em um analisador fotomitrico
BE134020A BE802973A (fr) 1972-08-02 1973-07-30 Rotor pour analyseur photometrique dynamique a postes multiples pour l'analyse serologique
DK422173A DK148608C (da) 1972-08-02 1973-08-01 Fotometrisk analyseapparat af den roterbare kyvettetype
IT27409/73A IT995116B (it) 1972-08-02 1973-08-01 Analizzatore dinamico fotometrico multistazione per esami sierologici
NO3096/73A NO137920C (no) 1972-08-02 1973-08-02 Fotometrisk analyseapparat.
FR7328380A FR2195345A5 (pt) 1972-08-02 1973-08-02
AT678073A AT324740B (de) 1972-08-02 1973-08-02 Rotor für ein photometrisches untersuchungsgerät

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00277192A US3813031A (en) 1972-08-02 1972-08-02 Rotor having sample holding means

Publications (1)

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US3813031A true US3813031A (en) 1974-05-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00277192A Expired - Lifetime US3813031A (en) 1972-08-02 1972-08-02 Rotor having sample holding means

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US3813031A (pt)
JP (1) JPS5536938B2 (pt)
AT (1) AT324740B (pt)
BE (1) BE802973A (pt)
BR (1) BR7305743D0 (pt)
CA (1) CA971387A (pt)
CH (1) CH567722A5 (pt)
DE (1) DE2336619C2 (pt)
DK (1) DK148608C (pt)
ES (1) ES417075A1 (pt)
FR (1) FR2195345A5 (pt)
GB (1) GB1405694A (pt)
IL (1) IL42632A (pt)
IT (1) IT995116B (pt)
NL (1) NL177251B (pt)
NO (1) NO137920C (pt)
SE (1) SE392171B (pt)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226531A (en) * 1977-08-29 1980-10-07 Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. Disposable multi-cuvette rotor
US4314970A (en) * 1980-08-27 1982-02-09 Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. Analysis system
US4373812A (en) * 1981-03-25 1983-02-15 Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. Cuvette assembly
US4580896A (en) * 1983-11-07 1986-04-08 Allied Corporation Multicuvette centrifugal analyzer rotor with annular recessed optical window channel
US4580897A (en) * 1984-05-31 1986-04-08 Allied Corporation Centrifugal analyzer rotors
US4580898A (en) * 1984-05-31 1986-04-08 Allied Corporation Analytical system
US4680164A (en) * 1985-07-18 1987-07-14 Fisher Scientific Company Centrifugal analyzer
US4798577A (en) * 1986-05-12 1989-01-17 Miles Inc. Separator device and method
US4828716A (en) * 1987-04-03 1989-05-09 Andronic Devices, Ltd. Apparatus and method for separating phases of blood
US4900446A (en) * 1987-06-23 1990-02-13 Large Scale Biology Centrifugal fast chromatograph
US4900435A (en) * 1988-06-09 1990-02-13 Large Scale Biolocy Centrifugal fast chromatograph
US4902479A (en) * 1983-11-07 1990-02-20 Fisher Scientific Company Centrifugal analyzer rotor
US5071625A (en) * 1985-02-27 1991-12-10 Fisher Scientific Company Cuvette handling
US5271852A (en) * 1992-05-01 1993-12-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Centrifugal methods using a phase-separation tube
US5282981A (en) * 1992-05-01 1994-02-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Flow restrictor-separation device
US5923431A (en) * 1998-04-14 1999-07-13 Uop Llc Spectroscopic helical separator and fluid sample interface
US20100230335A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
CN101097182B (zh) * 2006-06-29 2011-06-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种动态旋转样品池及红外光谱分析通用附件

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2503866A1 (fr) * 1981-04-14 1982-10-15 Guigan Jean Dispositif pour delivrer une dose determinee d'un echantillon de liquide dans une cellule et procede associe
FR2511153B1 (fr) * 1981-08-05 1986-01-10 Materiel Biomedical Support de reaction a recipients multiples pour tests de doses liquides
JPS5973766A (ja) * 1982-09-15 1984-04-26 オ−ソ・ダイアグノステイツク・システムズ・インコ−ポレ−テツド 極微粒子の分離、洗浄及び読取り装置並びに使用方法
US4640896A (en) * 1982-11-04 1987-02-03 Unisearch Limited Whole blood clotting timer
DE3315868C2 (de) * 1983-04-30 1985-09-26 Kuiper Medische Instrumenten, Zwolle Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von scheibenförmingen Analysencuvetten
FI72660C (fi) * 1984-01-11 1987-07-10 Fluilogic Systems Oy Centrifugeringsfoerfarande och centrifug foer tillaempning av detsamma.

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3547547A (en) * 1969-03-13 1970-12-15 Atomic Energy Commission Analytical photometer with means for measuring,holding and transferring discrete liquid volumes and method of use thereof
US3586484A (en) * 1969-05-23 1971-06-22 Atomic Energy Commission Multistation analytical photometer and method of use

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226531A (en) * 1977-08-29 1980-10-07 Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. Disposable multi-cuvette rotor
US4314970A (en) * 1980-08-27 1982-02-09 Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. Analysis system
US4373812A (en) * 1981-03-25 1983-02-15 Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. Cuvette assembly
US4902479A (en) * 1983-11-07 1990-02-20 Fisher Scientific Company Centrifugal analyzer rotor
US4580896A (en) * 1983-11-07 1986-04-08 Allied Corporation Multicuvette centrifugal analyzer rotor with annular recessed optical window channel
US4580897A (en) * 1984-05-31 1986-04-08 Allied Corporation Centrifugal analyzer rotors
US4580898A (en) * 1984-05-31 1986-04-08 Allied Corporation Analytical system
US5071625A (en) * 1985-02-27 1991-12-10 Fisher Scientific Company Cuvette handling
US4680164A (en) * 1985-07-18 1987-07-14 Fisher Scientific Company Centrifugal analyzer
US4798577A (en) * 1986-05-12 1989-01-17 Miles Inc. Separator device and method
US4828716A (en) * 1987-04-03 1989-05-09 Andronic Devices, Ltd. Apparatus and method for separating phases of blood
US5308506A (en) * 1987-04-03 1994-05-03 Mcewen James A Apparatus and method for separating a sample of blood
US4900446A (en) * 1987-06-23 1990-02-13 Large Scale Biology Centrifugal fast chromatograph
US4900435A (en) * 1988-06-09 1990-02-13 Large Scale Biolocy Centrifugal fast chromatograph
US5282981A (en) * 1992-05-01 1994-02-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Flow restrictor-separation device
US5271852A (en) * 1992-05-01 1993-12-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Centrifugal methods using a phase-separation tube
US5419835A (en) * 1992-05-01 1995-05-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Flow restrictor-separation device
US5923431A (en) * 1998-04-14 1999-07-13 Uop Llc Spectroscopic helical separator and fluid sample interface
CN101097182B (zh) * 2006-06-29 2011-06-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种动态旋转样品池及红外光谱分析通用附件
US20100230354A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US20100230355A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US20100229635A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US20100230353A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US20100230335A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US8277651B2 (en) * 2009-03-13 2012-10-02 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US8277650B2 (en) * 2009-03-13 2012-10-02 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US8293100B2 (en) * 2009-03-13 2012-10-23 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US8293101B2 (en) * 2009-03-13 2012-10-23 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography
US9052304B2 (en) * 2009-03-13 2015-06-09 Terrasep, Llc Methods and apparatus for centrifugal liquid chromatography

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT324740B (de) 1975-09-10
JPS4946784A (pt) 1974-05-04
IL42632A0 (en) 1973-10-25
IL42632A (en) 1975-12-31
NO137920B (no) 1978-02-06
DE2336619C2 (de) 1986-10-16
BR7305743D0 (pt) 1974-07-11
IT995116B (it) 1975-11-10
GB1405694A (en) 1975-09-10
FR2195345A5 (pt) 1974-03-01
JPS5536938B2 (pt) 1980-09-25
SE392171B (sv) 1977-03-14
BE802973A (fr) 1973-11-16
ES417075A1 (es) 1976-03-01
CA971387A (en) 1975-07-22
NL177251B (nl) 1985-03-18
AU5802173A (en) 1975-01-16
NO137920C (no) 1978-05-24
NL7310327A (pt) 1974-02-05
DE2336619A1 (de) 1974-02-21
DK148608C (da) 1986-01-27
DK148608B (da) 1985-08-12
CH567722A5 (pt) 1975-10-15

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