US3812677A - Hot gas engine with co-axial cylinder bores of differing diameter - Google Patents

Hot gas engine with co-axial cylinder bores of differing diameter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3812677A
US3812677A US00315479A US31547972A US3812677A US 3812677 A US3812677 A US 3812677A US 00315479 A US00315479 A US 00315479A US 31547972 A US31547972 A US 31547972A US 3812677 A US3812677 A US 3812677A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
engine
cylinder
crankcase
cylinders
conduit
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00315479A
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English (en)
Inventor
I Greis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
United Stirling AB and Co
KG UNITED STERLING AND CO AB Co
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KG UNITED STERLING AND CO AB Co
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Publication date
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Publication of US3812677A publication Critical patent/US3812677A/en
Assigned to UNITED STIRLING AB., A CORP. OF SWEDEN reassignment UNITED STIRLING AB., A CORP. OF SWEDEN ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: KOMMANDIT BOLAGET UNITED STIRLING (SWEDEN) AB & CO.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
    • F02G2244/02—Single-acting two piston engines
    • F02G2244/06—Single-acting two piston engines of stationary cylinder type
    • F02G2244/10—Single-acting two piston engines of stationary cylinder type having cylinders in V-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2270/00—Constructional features
    • F02G2270/50—Crosshead guiding pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2270/00—Constructional features
    • F02G2270/95—Pressurised crankcases

Definitions

  • a Stirling engine has two cylinders one having a higher and one having a lower pressure working space interconnected by a regenerator cooler array.
  • the two cylinders and accompanying pistons are disposed at 90 with each cylinder having co-axial bores and associated pistons of different diameters separated by shoulder surfaces having sharp edges.
  • a crankcase is disposed adjacent the larger diameter bores of both cylinderssA space between the two cylinders is connected to the crankcase by a conduit including a nonreturn valve, and the crankcase is connected to the lower pressure working space by a conduit with a restricted area orifice or a non-return valve.
  • This invention relates to a hot gas engine of the kind (herein called the kind defined) comprising two cylinders and two pistons each working in a respective cylinder and dividing said cylinder into an upper space and a lower space, the two upper spaces being interconnected through heater pipes, a regenerator and a cooler connected in series, and the two lower spaces communicating with a pressurised crank casing.
  • Hot gas engines of the kind defined may be very simple with few moving parts, and will thus be cheap in manufacture and reliable in operation. However, it is a problem that oil contained in the crank casing may pass between the pistons andthe cylinder walls tovthe upper spaces of thecylinders and cause pollution of the working gas.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid or substantially reduce the risk of oil polluting the workinggas in an engine of the kind defined.
  • a hot gas engine of the kind defined is characterised in that each of 'said pistons and cylinders comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper parts being of smaller diameter than the lower parts, a shoulder surface being provided between the said two parts of each cylinder.
  • the illustrated engine is of the kind defined and comprises a crank-casing l carrying two cylinders disposed with their axes perpendicular to each other.
  • Each of the cylinders consists of two interconnected co-axial parts, the two upper parts 2 and 4 having smaller interior diameters than the two lower parts 3 and 5.
  • Each cylinder contains a piston having two parts of different diameters to fit the two sections of the cylinders respectively, the smaller diameter piston parts being designated by 6 and 7 and the larger parts by 8 and 9.
  • the working chamber 10 is maintained at a high temperature level e.g.. 700C whereas'the working chamber 11 ismaintained at a temperature which is substantially lower e.g. 80C.
  • the working chamber 10 is maintained at a high temperature level e.g.. 700C whereas'the working chamber 11 ismaintained at a temperature which is substantially lower e.g. 80C.
  • two working chambers are filled with a working gas such as hydrogen or helium and they are interconnected through a plurality of heater pipes 12 (only one of which is shown) a regenerator l3 and a cooler 14.
  • the pistons 6, 8 and 7, 9 are connected to a crank-shaft 15 by means of connecting rods 16 and 17 respectively.
  • the reciprocating movement of the piston 6, 8 is 90 of crank-shaft rotation in advance of the .piston 7, 9 if the crank-shaft 15 is rotating in the forward direction i.e. counter-clockwise as viewed in the drawing.
  • each space 18 communicates directly with the interior of a pressurised crank-casing 1 through a conduit 19 containing a non-return valve 20 allowing flow of gas only in the direction from the respective space 18 to the interiorof the crank casing 1.
  • Another conduit 21 containing an oil filter 22and a restricted orifice 23 connects theinterior of the crank casing l with the working chamber 11.
  • the two working chambers 10 and 11 will contain working gas at a high mean pressure e.g. bars. However, due to the movements of the pistons this pressure will vary during a revolution of the crank-shaft l5 say between 125 and bars. As the piston 6, 8 in the high temperature cylinder is 90 of crank-shaft rotation in advance of the piston 7, 9 in the lower temperature cylinder 4, 5 mechanical energy will be produced during each cycle.
  • the space 18 at each piston will be on variable volume during thepiston movements. This volume variation is used to obtain a pumping effect by connecting the space 18 with the interior of the crank casing through a path containing a respective non-return valve 20. Any leaking gas which may be mixed with oil is then continuously pumped away from the space 18 into the interior of the crank casing.
  • the pressure in the crank casing corresponds to the mean pressure of the working cycle, due to gas flow through the conduit 21.
  • the restricted orifice 23 could be replaced by a non-return valve allowing flow of gas only in the direction into the chamber 11. ln such a case the pressure in the crank casing would correspond to the minimum cycle pressure and the pumping effect from the'chambers 18 would 'be'improved.
  • the walls of the crank casing could be made thinner and has two co-axial parts of different diameter providing a shoulder surface therebetween, and'a piston assembly with two different diameter pistons operating in each cylinder in the-respective associated parts.
  • An engine as defined in claim duit includes oil filtering means 4, wherein said. con-

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
US00315479A 1971-12-21 1972-12-15 Hot gas engine with co-axial cylinder bores of differing diameter Expired - Lifetime US3812677A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5926771 1971-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3812677A true US3812677A (en) 1974-05-28

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ID=10483426

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00315479A Expired - Lifetime US3812677A (en) 1971-12-21 1972-12-15 Hot gas engine with co-axial cylinder bores of differing diameter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3812677A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5143543B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2262435C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1315889A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055952A (en) * 1975-11-11 1977-11-01 Forenade Fabriksverken Heating device for an external combustion engine
US4255929A (en) * 1978-05-19 1981-03-17 Nasa Hot gas engine with dual crankshafts
US4335884A (en) * 1979-06-18 1982-06-22 Societe Eca Device for ensuring dynamic tightness, particulary for Stirling engine
US4382362A (en) * 1979-08-28 1983-05-10 Mortel Antonius M External combustion engine
WO1985005150A1 (en) * 1984-04-30 1985-11-21 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Two piston v-type stirling engine
US4719755A (en) * 1984-08-11 1988-01-19 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Stirling engine
US4765138A (en) * 1987-07-21 1988-08-23 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Stirling engine with pressurized crankcase
US5085054A (en) * 1989-11-07 1992-02-04 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Sealing mechanism in Stirling engine
US5400599A (en) * 1991-12-09 1995-03-28 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Hot gas machine
CN1042256C (zh) * 1991-12-09 1999-02-24 三洋电机株式会社 热气机
RU2189480C2 (ru) * 2000-02-28 2002-09-20 Андреев Виктор Иванович Устройство и способ работы двигателя андреева
RU2189481C2 (ru) * 2000-04-28 2002-09-20 Андреев Виктор Иванович Устройство и способ работы двигателя андреева
RU2196241C1 (ru) * 2001-06-13 2003-01-10 Быстранов Олег Николаевич Двигатель внешнего нагрева двойного действия и способ его работы
US20130309112A1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-21 Maruyama Mfg. Co., Inc. Reciprocating pump

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5896147A (ja) * 1981-12-02 1983-06-08 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd スタ−リングサイクル機関
JP4285338B2 (ja) * 2004-06-14 2009-06-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 スターリングエンジン
US7171811B1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-02-06 Global Cooling Bv Multiple-cylinder, free-piston, alpha configured stirling engines and heat pumps with stepped pistons
GB201016522D0 (en) * 2010-10-01 2010-11-17 Osborne Graham W Improvements in and relating to reciprocating piston machines
DE102017109967B9 (de) 2017-05-09 2020-05-07 Frauscher Holding Gmbh Stirlingmaschine mit stufenkolben

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1766829A (en) * 1927-12-09 1930-06-24 Dunning Compressor Co Means for preventing oil from passing pistons
US2954762A (en) * 1958-12-30 1960-10-04 Martin Roger R De Two cycle gas engine
US3216190A (en) * 1962-06-13 1965-11-09 Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc Fluid engine compensator device
US3237847A (en) * 1961-07-03 1966-03-01 Wilson Forbes Compressor and method
US3340857A (en) * 1965-10-19 1967-09-12 Arthur E Brown Two stroke cycle internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1766829A (en) * 1927-12-09 1930-06-24 Dunning Compressor Co Means for preventing oil from passing pistons
US2954762A (en) * 1958-12-30 1960-10-04 Martin Roger R De Two cycle gas engine
US3237847A (en) * 1961-07-03 1966-03-01 Wilson Forbes Compressor and method
US3216190A (en) * 1962-06-13 1965-11-09 Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc Fluid engine compensator device
US3340857A (en) * 1965-10-19 1967-09-12 Arthur E Brown Two stroke cycle internal combustion engine

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055952A (en) * 1975-11-11 1977-11-01 Forenade Fabriksverken Heating device for an external combustion engine
US4255929A (en) * 1978-05-19 1981-03-17 Nasa Hot gas engine with dual crankshafts
US4335884A (en) * 1979-06-18 1982-06-22 Societe Eca Device for ensuring dynamic tightness, particulary for Stirling engine
US4382362A (en) * 1979-08-28 1983-05-10 Mortel Antonius M External combustion engine
EP0303736A3 (en) * 1984-04-30 1989-05-10 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Stirling engines
US4633668A (en) * 1984-04-30 1987-01-06 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Two piston V-type Stirling engine
WO1985005150A1 (en) * 1984-04-30 1985-11-21 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Two piston v-type stirling engine
US4719755A (en) * 1984-08-11 1988-01-19 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Stirling engine
US4765138A (en) * 1987-07-21 1988-08-23 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Stirling engine with pressurized crankcase
US5085054A (en) * 1989-11-07 1992-02-04 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Sealing mechanism in Stirling engine
US5400599A (en) * 1991-12-09 1995-03-28 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Hot gas machine
CN1042256C (zh) * 1991-12-09 1999-02-24 三洋电机株式会社 热气机
RU2189480C2 (ru) * 2000-02-28 2002-09-20 Андреев Виктор Иванович Устройство и способ работы двигателя андреева
RU2189481C2 (ru) * 2000-04-28 2002-09-20 Андреев Виктор Иванович Устройство и способ работы двигателя андреева
RU2196241C1 (ru) * 2001-06-13 2003-01-10 Быстранов Олег Николаевич Двигатель внешнего нагрева двойного действия и способ его работы
US20130309112A1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-21 Maruyama Mfg. Co., Inc. Reciprocating pump
US9932973B2 (en) * 2012-05-21 2018-04-03 Maruyama Mfg. Co., Inc. Reciprocating pump with high-pressure seal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2262435C3 (de) 1978-04-20
DE2262435B2 (de) 1977-08-18
DE2262435A1 (de) 1973-07-12
GB1315889A (en) 1973-05-02
JPS4868937A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-19
JPS5143543B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-11-22

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: UNITED STIRLING AB., BOX 856 S-201 80 MALMO, SWEDE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KOMMANDIT BOLAGET UNITED STIRLING (SWEDEN) AB & CO.;REEL/FRAME:004106/0501

Effective date: 19821027