US3811497A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US3811497A
US3811497A US00246138A US24613872A US3811497A US 3811497 A US3811497 A US 3811497A US 00246138 A US00246138 A US 00246138A US 24613872 A US24613872 A US 24613872A US 3811497 A US3811497 A US 3811497A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ducts
conical
wall
heat exchanger
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00246138A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Vree
R Meijer
G Neelen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US3811497A publication Critical patent/US3811497A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2254/00—Heat inputs
    • F02G2254/60—Heat inputs using air preheaters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355—Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/399—Corrugated heat exchange plate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger which is particularly suitable for use as a preheater in a thermodynamic machine and which comprises an inner wall extending according to a plane of revolution and an outer wall situated around said inner wall at a distance and likewise extending according to a plane of revolution; one or more strips of sheet material folded in a zig-zag manner are incorporated in the annular duct formed between said walls and forming partitions between the inner and the outer walls for a number of flow ducts for the heat exchanging media.
  • a heat exchanger of the above-described type is known from the US. Pat. No. 2,616,530 where a strip of sheet material folded in a zig-zag manner is incorporated between a cylindrical outer wall and a cylindrical inner wall.
  • the strip makes only a line contact with the two walls, which means that the partitions do not extend radially.
  • the result of this is that the ratio of the width of two adjacent flow ducts varies with the radius. This results in the heat transfer between the heat exchanging media being not very favorable.
  • the ratio of the width of adjacent flow ducts should be the same on any radius, which requires the partitions to extend radially.
  • a further drawback of the known heat exchanger is that the inner wall and outer wall have a cylindrical shape. This makes mounting and dismantling difficult and hence expensive. As a result of this cleaning of the heat exchanger is also a time-consuming job.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized in that the inner wall and the outer wall each extend according to a conical surface and the strips of sheet material are folded so that the partitions extend radially and are alternately connected in pairs by an inner intermediate member which is in contact with the inner wall and an outer intermediate member which is in contact with the outer wall.
  • the partitions mutually have the same dimensions and each has the shape of an isosceles trapezium, the base of which is present on the side of the heat exchanger having the smallest diameter.
  • the outer and inner intermediate members also have the shape of isosceles trapeziums, the bases of which are present on the side of the heat exchanger having the largest diameter.
  • the bases of the outer intermediate members and the bases of the inner intermediate members are in the same relationship to each other as the diameters of the inner and outer walls at that area, the base angles of all the said trapeziums being furthermore equal to each other.
  • the strips of sheet material in the developed condition have a rectangular shape, so that the material in its initial state can be a straight strip, which makes the manufacture cheap.
  • the starting material may be a straight strip which is folded in a particular manner as will be described in greater detail hereinafter with reference to the description of the figures.
  • the width of the strips which constitute the partitions and intermediate members is larger than the height of the outer and inner walls.
  • the partitions and intermediate members project beyond said walls on either side, and sealing plates are provided on the end faces of the strips folded in a zig-zag manner.
  • the ducts open into the outer conical surface communicating on the one hand with an inlet and on the other hand with an outlet for one heat exchanging medium, the ducts opening into the inner conical surface communicating with an inlet and an outlet for the other heat exchanging medium.
  • FIGS. la, b and c are a diagrammatic sectional view, a plan view and an underneath view, respectively, of a heat exchanger
  • FIG. 2 shows a straight strip of sheet material provided with folding lines
  • FIG. 3 shows diagrammatically the upper part of a thermodynamic machine having a conical preheater present around the burner space.
  • Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a conical inner wall and reference numeral 2 denotes a conical outer wall.
  • reference numeral 2 denotes a conical outer wall.
  • a zig-zag folded strip 3 of sheet material is present in the annular duct formed between said wall.
  • the strip 3 is folded so that the partitions 4 extend radially between the flow ducts, the partitions being connected alternately in pairs by an outer intermediate member 5 and an inner intermediate member 6.
  • the outer intermediate members 5 are in contact with the outer wall 2 and the inner intermediate members 6 are in contact with the inner wall 1.
  • the partitions 4 and the outer and inner intermediate members or sides 5 and 6 have the shape of isosceles trapeziums, or trapezoids the bases of the trapeziums which constitute the partitions 4 are situated on the side 7 of the heat exchanger having the smallest diameter, and the bases of the trapeziums which constitute the outer and inner intermediate members are situated on the side 8 having the largest diameter of the heat exchanger.
  • the transverse dimension of an inner intermediate member is in any place equal to the radius of the inner wall at that area multiplied by 21r divided by the total number of flow ducts, while the transverse dimensions of an outer intermediate member in any place is equal to the radius of the outer wall at that area multiplied by 2w divided by the total number of flow ducts.
  • the transverse dimension of the partitions 4 is substantially equal to the difference in diameter of the outer and inner walls, the increase of said transverse dimensions from the side 8 to the side 7 exactly corresponding to the decrease of the transverse dimension of the outer and inner intermediate members in the said direction.
  • the developed length of the strip 3 is equally large everywhere so that the heat exchanger can be manufactured from a straight strip 3 i.e. having parallel sides which, as is shown in FIG. 2, can be folded along broken lines which divide the strip into a number of isosceles trapeziums. Since the partitions 4 extend radially, the width ratio of two adjacent flow ducts is the same in any place, which ensures an optimum heat transfer.
  • FIG. 3 shows diagrammatically the upper part of a.
  • thermodynamic machine It comprises mainly a regenerator with which a wreath of heating pipes 16 communicates which open with their other side into an annular duct 17 which communicates with the expansion space 19 of the machine through a wreath of pipes 18 which alternate between the pipes 16.
  • a burner chamber 20 bears on the annular duct 17 to which chamber fuel is supplied via an atomizer 21.
  • a heat exchanger 22 of a construction as shown in FIG. 1 is arranged around the wreath of heater pipes. In this heat exchanger 22, the strip 23 folded in a zig-zag manner projects on either side beyond the conical inner and outer wall 24, 25.
  • the strip 23 is sealed by a cover plate 33, the flow ducts which open into the inner conical surface communicating with an annular duct 34 which is provided with an inlet 35 for air of combustion, the flow ducts which open into the outer conical surface communicating with an annular duct 36 which is provided with an exhaust duct 37 for the combustion gases.
  • the air of combustion follows the path of alternate, primary ducts denoted by solid-line arrows from the inlet 35 through annular duct 34, the flow ducts in heat exchanger 22 opening into the inner conical surface and annular duct 30 to burner 20.
  • the combustion gases formed in the burner 20 flow through space 32 to annular duct 31 and thence through the secondary ducts, each of which is intermediate two primary ducts in the heat exchanger 22 opening into the outer conical surface to annular duct 36 and thence to the atmosphere via the exhaust 37.
  • the insulation with minimum volume is readily adapted to the needs, namely at the hot lower side thick at the outside and thin on the inside, and at the comparatively cold upper side just the other way about.
  • the outer dimensions of the heat exchanger in this conception are as small as possible.
  • a heat exchanger comprising an outer wall formed as a first conical sleeve with a longitudinal. axis, an inner wall formed as a second conical sleeve secured within the first sleeve with a conical annular space defined between said sleeves, a conical annular member situated within said annular space, this member formed of at least one strip of sheet material, each strip having length and folded along lines transverse to said length in a zig-zag manner to form a plurality of ducts that extend axially relative to said lines and axially in said annular space and are spaced sequentially around said space, said folds comprising a plurality of fold patterns, each pattern providing sequentially an inner section for contacting the inner conical wall, a partition extending generally radially outward, an outer section for contacting the outer conical wall, another partition extending generally radially inward, and another inner section for contacting said inner conical wall, each of said sections and partitions having trapezoidal shape.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said ducts comprise alternate primary ducts, and intermediate each two of said primary ducts a secondary duct, the apparatus further comprising first common inlet and outlet means for the primary ducts, and second common inlet and outlet means for the secondary ducts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00246138A 1971-04-29 1972-04-21 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US3811497A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7105840A NL7105840A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-29 1971-04-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3811497A true US3811497A (en) 1974-05-21

Family

ID=19813036

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00246138A Expired - Lifetime US3811497A (en) 1971-04-29 1972-04-21 Heat exchanger

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3811497A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS515143B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA950895A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2217072C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2134639B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1385366A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT959651B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7105840A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE369549B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4708639A (en) * 1985-11-14 1987-11-24 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Combustor for external combustion engine having rotary-type regenerator heat exchanger
US5105617A (en) * 1990-11-09 1992-04-21 Tiernay Turbines Cogeneration system with recuperated gas turbine engine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE439057B (sv) * 1984-06-05 1985-05-28 United Stirling Ab & Co Anordning for forbrenning av ett brensle med syrgas och inblandning av en del av de vid forbrenningen bildade avgaserna
DE3844554A1 (de) * 1987-11-25 1989-09-21 Man Technologie Gmbh Verbrennungsluftfuehrung bei einem heissgasmotor
DE3806114A1 (de) * 1987-11-25 1989-06-08 Man Technologie Gmbh Thermisch isolierende erhitzer-gehaeuse-auskleidung und verbrennungsluftfuehrung fuer stirling- bzw. heissgasmotor
GB9027994D0 (en) * 1990-12-22 1991-02-13 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Heat exchanger

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1636958A (en) * 1922-08-07 1927-07-26 Babcock & Wilcox Co Heat-transfer device
US2566310A (en) * 1946-01-22 1951-09-04 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Tray type heat exchanger
US3015475A (en) * 1957-12-05 1962-01-02 Philips Corp Cylindrical heat exchanger
US3529812A (en) * 1967-08-17 1970-09-22 Aichelin Fa J Burner with air-preheated recovery

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR881526A (fr) * 1941-04-26 1943-04-28 Philips Nv Moteur à gaz chaud comportant un dispositif récupérateur
FR937795A (fr) * 1945-12-06 1948-08-26 Philips Nv Machine thermique à piston

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1636958A (en) * 1922-08-07 1927-07-26 Babcock & Wilcox Co Heat-transfer device
US2566310A (en) * 1946-01-22 1951-09-04 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Tray type heat exchanger
US3015475A (en) * 1957-12-05 1962-01-02 Philips Corp Cylindrical heat exchanger
US3529812A (en) * 1967-08-17 1970-09-22 Aichelin Fa J Burner with air-preheated recovery

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4708639A (en) * 1985-11-14 1987-11-24 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Combustor for external combustion engine having rotary-type regenerator heat exchanger
US5105617A (en) * 1990-11-09 1992-04-21 Tiernay Turbines Cogeneration system with recuperated gas turbine engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2217072B2 (de) 1979-05-03
DE2217072A1 (de) 1972-11-09
NL7105840A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-10-31
IT959651B (it) 1973-11-10
CA950895A (en) 1974-07-09
FR2134639B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-01-16
FR2134639A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-12-08
SE369549B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-02
GB1385366A (en) 1975-02-26
JPS515143B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-02-17
DE2217072C3 (de) 1980-01-17

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