US3809836A - Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter - Google Patents

Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3809836A
US3809836A US00317222A US31722272A US3809836A US 3809836 A US3809836 A US 3809836A US 00317222 A US00317222 A US 00317222A US 31722272 A US31722272 A US 31722272A US 3809836 A US3809836 A US 3809836A
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United States
Prior art keywords
contact
contacts
outer periphery
interrupter
slot
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00317222A
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English (en)
Inventor
D Crouch
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US00317222A priority Critical patent/US3809836A/en
Priority to CA186,734A priority patent/CA959524A/en
Priority to GB5858473A priority patent/GB1432060A/en
Priority to DE2363044A priority patent/DE2363044C2/de
Priority to JP48142569A priority patent/JPS5938688B2/ja
Priority to FR7345916A priority patent/FR2211737B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3809836A publication Critical patent/US3809836A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6643—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having disc-shaped contacts subdivided in petal-like segments, e.g. by helical grooves

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A high current vacuum interrupter (rated to interrupt 7 Claims, 3 l)r ayving Figures BACKGROUND
  • This invention relates to a vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter and, more particularly, relates to a high-current vacuum interrupter of the type comprising slotted disc-shaped contacts for revolving the are formed during interruption.
  • Each of the contacts of the Schneider patent comprises a discshaped member having a plurality of slots therein extending both radially and circumferantially of the disc member. These slots are used to produce an arcrevolving effect that forces arcs having a terminal located on the slotted portion of the disc' member to revolve about the central axis of the disc member.
  • a contact-making annular button where arcs are initiated during circuitinterrupting operations. Such an arc is magnetically driven radially outward off of the contact-making button; and as it approaches the outer periphery of the disc member, it is revolved by the arc-revolving action produced by the slots in the disc member.
  • each slot has a configuration such that it extends from a starting point at the outer periphery of the contact into the contact body via a path approximately tangential to the outer periphery of the contact-making button. At its innermost end, the slot has a portion extending transversely of the tangential portion of the slot to a point spaced radially inward of the button periphery.
  • An object of my invention is to provide a contact arrangement capable of causing high current arcs to revolve about the contact periphery at high speed without undue stalling despite the fact that slots of the general configuration shown in the Crouch patent are are used and also despite there being only a small clearance between the outer periphery of the contacts-and the surrounding tubular shield.
  • Anotherobject is to utilize contacts of the general configuration shown in the Crouch patent in such a way as to effect during high-current interruption a more even distribution around the entire shield circumference of the arcing energy into the shield, thus avoiding excessive melting and burning of the shield.
  • a high-current vacuum interrupter comprising two discshaped contacts, each having a diameter of atleast 2% inches and each having four arc-revolving slots therein of a configuration similar to those shown in the aforesaid Crouch patent. Closely surrounding the contacts, but spaced therefrom, is a tubular metal shield that is normally electrically isolated from the contacts.
  • the peripheries of the contacts are substantially aligned but are circumferentially displaced relative to each other so that the starting points of the slots on the periphery of one contact are displaced by 35 to 55 from the starting points of the slots on the periphery of the other contact.
  • FIG. -l a vacuumtype circuit interrupter comprising a sealed envelope l0 evacuated to a pressure of 10" torr or lower.
  • This envelope comprises a tubular casing 11 of insulating material and a pair of end caps 12 and 13 joined to opposite ends of the casing 11 by suitable vacuum-tight seals 14.
  • the upper contact 17 is a stationary contact suitably attached to a conductive rod 17a, which at its upper end is united to the upper end cap 12.
  • the lower contact 18 is a movable contact attached to a conductive operating rod 18a, which is suitably mounted for vertical movement. Upward movement of the contact 18 from its solid line position to its dotted line position engages the contacts and thus closes the interrupter, whereas return movement in a downward direction separates, the contacts and opens the interrupter.
  • the operating rod 18a projects freely through an opening in the lower end cap 13, and a flexible metallic bellows 20 provides a sea] about rod 18a to allow for vertical movement of the rod without impairing the vacuum inside envelope 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the bellows is secured in sealed relationship at its respective opposite ends to the operating rod 18a and the lower end cap 13.
  • Each of the contacts 17 and 18 is of a substantially circular disc-shape and has one major surface facing the other contact.
  • Each contact comprises a centrally located contact-making button suitably brazed to the remainder of the contact.
  • Each of the contactmaking buttons is provided with a centrally-located recess 27 so that contact between the buttons occurs on an annular contact-making area 30 when the contacts are in their dotted-line engaged position of FIG. 1.
  • These annular contact-making regions 30 are of such a' diameter that current flowing through the closed contacts follows a radially-outwardly bowing loopshaped path L, as is indicated by the dot-dash line of FIG. 1. The magnetic effect of current flowing through this loop-shaped path L tends ina well-known manner to lengthen the loop.
  • the outer diameter of the contact-making button 25 is made greater than half that of the disc-shaped contact.
  • each slot 32 extends into the contact body from astarting point at the outer periphery of its disc 17 or 18 via a path wherein the center line 37 of the slot is substantially tangent to the outer periphery. of the contact-making button 25.
  • the slot continues generally tangentially of the button 25 for a substantial distance past the point 34 at which the center line 37 first touches the button periphery.
  • a radially-inwardly extending portion 35 that extends transversely of the tangentiallyextending portion.
  • This inwardly-extending slot portion 35 extends from the outer. periphery of button 25 to a point 36 spaced radially inward from the outer periphery of the button. As seen in FIG. 2, the button extends across, or bridges, the inwardly-extending slot portion 35.
  • These slots 32 force the current flowing to or from an arc terminal on a finger 33- to follow a path through the finger that extends circumferentially of the disc in the vicinity of the arc.
  • the effective path of'the current flowing through the finger 33' to the arc will be shown at'4l, extending circumferentially of the disc.
  • This circumferential component of the current path causes the current flowing through the loop L to develop a net circumferentially-acting force component which revolves the arc about the central axis of the disc.
  • This circumferentially-acting force component is high enough to drive each terminal of the arc across the slots 32 at the free end of fingers 33, thus producing a continuous revolving movement of the are on the contact surface.
  • Such continuous revolving movement of the arc aids in interrupting higher currents by reducing-the quantity of metal vapors generated by the are, thus permitting more complete condensation of the metal vapors at current zero.
  • the main shield -50- is a tubular metal member surrounding the contacts'l7 and 18 and located between the insulating casing 11 and the arcing gap between the contacts.
  • This shield 50 is electrically isolated from the contacts and is preferably maintained at a potential substantially midway between that of the two contacts when the interrupter is open.
  • the shield is supported on casing 11 by means of a radially-extending flange 55 that is located between the upper and lower halves of casing 11 and extends in sealed relationship through casing 11.
  • thetubular main shield 50 have as small a diameter as possible.
  • the contacts 17 and 18 it is necessary for the contacts 17 and 18 to have a certain minimum diameter if they are to interrupt currents of a given magnitude. Fulfilling these two requirements results in an interrupter in which only a relatively small clearance space is present between the outer periphery of the contacts and the inner periphery of the tubular shield. For example, in an interrupter rated to interrupt 20,000 amperes r.m.s. with any factorof asymmetry up to 1.3, I utilize contacts having a diameter of 2% inches and a main shield having an insidediameter 'of 4 inches,
  • the principal force on an arc in this region produced by the passage of current through path 62 is radial rather than circumferential, and this results in a strong ten-' dency for the arc in this region to be blown radially outward against the adjacent metal shield 50.
  • the circumferentially-acting force component on the arc becomes progressively larger relative to the radial force component, and there is a correspondingly reduced tendency for the arc to be blown radially toward against the shield.
  • l circumferentially displace the two contacts from each other in such a manner that the starting points of the slots 32 on one contact are angularly displaced about the contact periphery from the starting points of the slots on the other contact.
  • this angularly displacement is by the maximum possible extent, i.e., 45, but my invention in its broader aspects contemplates a displacement of between 35 and 55.
  • a displacement of 45 is illustrated in FIG. 3, where the slots 32 in one contact are shown in solidline form and those in the other contact are shown in dotted-line form. 1
  • either one or the other of the contacts can provide a strong circumferentially acting force on the arc, thus eliminating any peripheral zone occupiable by the .arcwhere both contacts might be providing a weak circumferentially-acting force and a strong radially-outwardlyacting force.
  • the net effect of the above-described angular, or circumferential, displacement of the contacts is to eliminate regions where the arc has an undue tendency to stall as it moves about the peripheral region of the contacts. As a result, the arc moves more smoothly around the contact periphery, thus distributing arcing energy into the shield more uniformly and reducing the tendency for overheating and excess vaporization of the shield in any localized regions.
  • my invention is limited to a high current interrupter (i.e., an interrupter rated to interrupt currents greater than 16,000 amperes r.m.s. with any factor of asymmetry up to 1.3 and requiring a contact disc diameter of at least 2% inches).
  • a high current interrupter i.e., an interrupter rated to interrupt currents greater than 16,000 amperes r.m.s. with any factor of asymmetry up to 1.3 and requiring a contact disc diameter of at least 2% inches.
  • lower current interrupters such as disclosed in my aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 3,522,399, with the shield-to-contact clearances typically used, no significant reduction in localized shield-melting is produced by angularly displacing the starting points of the slots in the two contacts.
  • the interrupter disclosed in my aforesaid patent have a contact disc diameter of only about 1% inches, a shield-to-contact clearance of about thirteen-thirty-seconds inch, and an inthe current flowing through the finger to an arc terminal thereon in a more nearly circumferentially-directed path, thus strengthening the circumferentially-acting component of the magnetic force developed by current flowing through said path.
  • the average slot width is preferably greater than one-third of the. average finger width, considered in the region where the fingers extend parallel to the circumference of the disc, said widths being measured as viewed in FIG. 2 from the other contact. 7
  • a vacuum-type interrupter for interrupting currents greater than 16,000 amperes r.m.s. with any factor of asymmetry up to 1.3 comprising:
  • a pair of relatively movable disc-shaped contacts within said envelope each having a generally circular'outer periphery, a diameter greater than 2% inches, and a contact-making face confronting the other contact that is engageable with said other contact, Y
  • a contact-making button having a substantially circular outer periphery substantially concentric with the outer periphery of said disc-shaped contact, the diameter of said button being greater than half the diameter of said disc-shaped contact
  • each contact having four circumferentially-spaced slots therein, each slot having a tangential portion extending into the body of said contact from a starting point at the outer periphery. of said contact via a path wherein the center-line region of the slot is generally tangent to the outer periphery of said button, thereby providing circumferentiallyextending finger portions between said tangential slot portions and the outer periphery of said contact,
  • each slot having a portion at the innermost end of said tangential portion extending transversely of said tangential portion and radially inwardly of said contact body to a point spaced radially inward from the outer peri-phery of said button,
  • each contact comprising at its contact-making face h. the starting points of the slots in each contact being spaced substantially equally about the outer ery of said shield, is no greater than five-eighths inch.
  • each contact at its outer periphery at the proximal ends of said circumferentially-extending finger portions has regions occupiable by an arc terminal to which current can flow from the central portion of said contact via a path that is substantially entirely radial with substantially no tangential component, thus causing current in passing through said path to develop a predominantly radiallyoutwardly acting force on an are having its terminal in one of said regions.

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  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
US00317222A 1972-12-21 1972-12-21 Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter Expired - Lifetime US3809836A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00317222A US3809836A (en) 1972-12-21 1972-12-21 Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter
CA186,734A CA959524A (en) 1972-12-21 1973-11-26 Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter
GB5858473A GB1432060A (en) 1972-12-21 1973-12-18 Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter
DE2363044A DE2363044C2 (de) 1972-12-21 1973-12-19 Vakuumschalter
JP48142569A JPS5938688B2 (ja) 1972-12-21 1973-12-21 真空遮断器
FR7345916A FR2211737B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1972-12-21 1973-12-21

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00317222A US3809836A (en) 1972-12-21 1972-12-21 Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter

Publications (1)

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US3809836A true US3809836A (en) 1974-05-07

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US (1) US3809836A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS5938688B2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
CA (1) CA959524A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE2363044C2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2211737B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1432060A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935406A (en) * 1973-06-30 1976-01-27 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US4293748A (en) * 1977-12-28 1981-10-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum circuit interrupter electrodes
US4446346A (en) * 1980-10-21 1984-05-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum interrupter
US4553002A (en) * 1983-12-05 1985-11-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Axial magnetic field vacuum-type circuit interrupter
US4999463A (en) * 1988-10-18 1991-03-12 Square D Company Arc stalling eliminating device and system
US5444201A (en) * 1993-11-22 1995-08-22 Eaton Corporation Multiple electrode structure for a vacuum interrupter
US5726406A (en) * 1994-11-29 1998-03-10 Schneider Electric Sa Electrical vacuum switch
WO2001008186A1 (de) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktanordnung für eine vakuumschaltröhre
DE10065091A1 (de) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumschaltröhre
RU2449405C1 (ru) * 2010-11-15 2012-04-27 Холдинговая компания "Новосибирский Электровакуумный Завод - Союз" в форме открытого акционерного общества Контактное устройство вакуумной дугогасительной камеры
WO2013048609A1 (en) 2011-09-28 2013-04-04 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switch and hybrid switch assembly therefor
TWI419990B (enrdf_load_html_response) * 2010-06-24 2013-12-21
CN105070583A (zh) * 2015-07-07 2015-11-18 西安交通大学 带有屏蔽罩功能结构的绝缘外壳及其应用的真空灭弧室
US9552941B1 (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-01-24 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
US9922777B1 (en) 2016-11-21 2018-03-20 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
US10410813B1 (en) 2018-04-03 2019-09-10 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
RU203212U1 (ru) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-26 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет", ФГБОУ ВО "СибГИУ" Контактное устройство вакуумной дугогасительной камеры

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS552495Y2 (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1974-12-04 1980-01-22
US4072837A (en) * 1975-12-29 1978-02-07 General Electric Company High continuous current vacuum-type circuit interrupter
DE3215020A1 (de) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-27 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Vakuumschalter
DE3303659A1 (de) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-16 Vsesojuznyj elektrotechničeskij institut imeni V.I. Lenina, Moskva Kontaktsystem fuer eine vakuumlichtbogenloeschkammer
JPS60241944A (ja) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-30 Yasunobu Fukuhiro 海砂除塩方法および装置
DE3510981A1 (de) * 1985-03-22 1985-10-31 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Vakuumschalter - erregerkontaktanordnung
EP0203367B1 (de) * 1985-05-06 1989-07-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktanordnung für Vakuumschalter
DE3717864A1 (de) * 1987-05-26 1988-11-17 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschalter
DE59104556D1 (de) * 1990-06-07 1995-03-23 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung für eine vakuumschaltröhre.
JP2874522B2 (ja) * 1993-07-14 1999-03-24 株式会社日立製作所 真空遮断器及びそれに用いる真空バルブと真空バルブ用電極並びにその製造法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3462572A (en) * 1966-10-03 1969-08-19 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter having contacts provided with improved arcpropelling means
US3522399A (en) * 1968-03-08 1970-07-28 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with contacts having particularly shaped circumferentially spaced slots
US3622724A (en) * 1970-02-24 1971-11-23 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter having contacts with improved arc-revolving means

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2015528C3 (de) * 1970-04-01 1973-09-13 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin U. 8000 Muenchen Vakuumschalter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3462572A (en) * 1966-10-03 1969-08-19 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter having contacts provided with improved arcpropelling means
US3522399A (en) * 1968-03-08 1970-07-28 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with contacts having particularly shaped circumferentially spaced slots
US3622724A (en) * 1970-02-24 1971-11-23 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter having contacts with improved arc-revolving means

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935406A (en) * 1973-06-30 1976-01-27 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US4293748A (en) * 1977-12-28 1981-10-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum circuit interrupter electrodes
US4446346A (en) * 1980-10-21 1984-05-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum interrupter
US4553002A (en) * 1983-12-05 1985-11-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Axial magnetic field vacuum-type circuit interrupter
US4999463A (en) * 1988-10-18 1991-03-12 Square D Company Arc stalling eliminating device and system
US5444201A (en) * 1993-11-22 1995-08-22 Eaton Corporation Multiple electrode structure for a vacuum interrupter
US5726406A (en) * 1994-11-29 1998-03-10 Schneider Electric Sa Electrical vacuum switch
US6674039B1 (en) 1999-07-21 2004-01-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arrangement for a vacuum interrupter
WO2001008186A1 (de) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktanordnung für eine vakuumschaltröhre
DE19934909C1 (de) * 1999-07-21 2001-06-13 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumschaltröhre
US7041929B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2006-05-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arrangement for a vacuum switch tube
US20040026376A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2004-02-12 Johannes-Gerhard Banghard Contact arrangement for a vacuum switch tube
DE10065091A1 (de) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumschaltröhre
TWI419990B (enrdf_load_html_response) * 2010-06-24 2013-12-21
RU2449405C1 (ru) * 2010-11-15 2012-04-27 Холдинговая компания "Новосибирский Электровакуумный Завод - Союз" в форме открытого акционерного общества Контактное устройство вакуумной дугогасительной камеры
WO2013048609A1 (en) 2011-09-28 2013-04-04 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switch and hybrid switch assembly therefor
US8653396B2 (en) 2011-09-28 2014-02-18 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switch and hybrid switch assembly therefor
CN105070583A (zh) * 2015-07-07 2015-11-18 西安交通大学 带有屏蔽罩功能结构的绝缘外壳及其应用的真空灭弧室
CN105070583B (zh) * 2015-07-07 2016-05-04 西安交通大学 带有屏蔽罩功能结构的绝缘外壳及其应用的真空灭弧室
US9552941B1 (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-01-24 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
US9922777B1 (en) 2016-11-21 2018-03-20 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
US10490363B2 (en) 2016-11-21 2019-11-26 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
US10410813B1 (en) 2018-04-03 2019-09-10 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
RU203212U1 (ru) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-26 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет", ФГБОУ ВО "СибГИУ" Контактное устройство вакуумной дугогасительной камеры

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2211737A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-07-19
JPS5938688B2 (ja) 1984-09-18
DE2363044A1 (de) 1974-07-04
JPS4996271A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-09-12
FR2211737B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1980-05-23
DE2363044C2 (de) 1983-03-03
GB1432060A (en) 1976-04-14
CA959524A (en) 1974-12-17

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