US3806377A - Process allowing cold working of soft and very soft or low alloy content steels by hardening them after forming - Google Patents
Process allowing cold working of soft and very soft or low alloy content steels by hardening them after forming Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3806377A US3806377A US26879372A US3806377A US 3806377 A US3806377 A US 3806377A US 26879372 A US26879372 A US 26879372A US 3806377 A US3806377 A US 3806377A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hardening
- soft
- aging
- steel
- working
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 50
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 50
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 title description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 48
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
Definitions
- Tempering in lieu of room temperature aging, higher temperature tempering is possible. Evolution of properties evolves much more rapidly. The hardening obtained is the same if tempering temperature is below 70 C. In the opposite case, a softer but also less brittle product is obtained, except for operation (4) being carried out in its time.
- EXAMPLE 3 The results shown in Examples 1 and 2 are valid for thicknesses of the order of those of our tensile test pieces of 3 mm. diameter. For larger thicknesses, core cooling rates may be considerably less and less useful mechanical properties may be expected.
- FIG. 7 shows one kind of bar cold-forged following annealing, then processed according to theory at 720 C. for half an hour and waterhardened, then tempered at 50 C. The tensile test piece walls were machined following hardening and aging. These parts were hollow cylinders and with mm. diameters and 13 mm. thicknesses.
- FIGS. 4 and 7 are compared, it will be observed that the elastic limit in the latter, which is obtained after one month at 50 C., is less by 34 kg./mm. than the one obtained from faster cooling. A more significant drop is observed in the value of the rupture load, which decreased about 12 kg./ mm. Be it noted that for elongations exceeding 20%, the elastic limit remains very high.
- FIG. 9 refers to a steel holding less carbon. After one day of aging at 50 C., the rupture load is less than in the preceding case, but the elastic limit is of the same order and the elongation exceeds 10%.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7124943A FR2145057A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1971-07-02 | 1971-07-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3806377A true US3806377A (en) | 1974-04-23 |
Family
ID=9080004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US26879372 Expired - Lifetime US3806377A (en) | 1971-07-02 | 1972-07-03 | Process allowing cold working of soft and very soft or low alloy content steels by hardening them after forming |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3806377A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2232163A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2145057A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1396003A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2657435A1 (de) * | 1975-12-19 | 1977-07-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Verfahren zum verbessern der physikalischen eigenschaften eines niedriglegierten stahls |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2769251B1 (fr) * | 1997-10-03 | 1999-12-24 | Lorraine Laminage | Procede de fabrication d'une bande de tole d'acier pour la realisation d'emballages metalliques par emboutissage et tole d'acier obtenue |
-
1971
- 1971-07-02 FR FR7124943A patent/FR2145057A5/fr not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-06-30 GB GB3086872A patent/GB1396003A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-06-30 DE DE2232163A patent/DE2232163A1/de active Pending
- 1972-07-03 US US26879372 patent/US3806377A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2657435A1 (de) * | 1975-12-19 | 1977-07-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Verfahren zum verbessern der physikalischen eigenschaften eines niedriglegierten stahls |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2145057A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-02-16 |
| DE2232163A1 (de) | 1973-01-18 |
| GB1396003A (en) | 1975-05-29 |
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