US3805779A - Breathing system protecting apparatus with a closed or semi-open circulation of respiration gas - Google Patents

Breathing system protecting apparatus with a closed or semi-open circulation of respiration gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US3805779A
US3805779A US00234523A US23452372A US3805779A US 3805779 A US3805779 A US 3805779A US 00234523 A US00234523 A US 00234523A US 23452372 A US23452372 A US 23452372A US 3805779 A US3805779 A US 3805779A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas
supply
conduit
exhalation
valve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00234523A
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English (en)
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A Kowalski
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0051—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes with alarm devices

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A breathing apparatus with a closed or semi-open circulation of the respiration gas incorporating a discharge valve located in the exhalation conduit and an acoustic device for signaling dwindling supply of oxygen.
  • the discharge valve is located between an exhalation check valve and a carbon dioxide absorber.
  • the acoustic device comprises a signaling unit through which the respiration gas flows in a stream in parallel to the stream of gas flowing from a compressed oxygen reservoir to the utilization circuit for the user, the signaling unit being located inside an inflatable breathing bag, the body of the signaling unit being provided with side holes through which air is sucked, under injection effect, from the breathing bag.
  • the present invention relates to a respirator or breathing apparatus having a closed or partly open circulation of the respiration gas.
  • a discharge valve is situated in the exhalation conduit of the apparatus.
  • the discharge valve serves to expel exhaled gas which contains high concentration of CO in order to extend the life of a C absorber located downstream thereof.
  • Such an arrangement of the discharge valve also insures that there is less CO contained in the inhaled air.
  • An efficient discharge system is formed by two discharge valves arranged in series, one valve being a check valve of pressure type and the other a cut-off, trigger valve actuated by the pressure exerted by the wall of a fully inflated breathing bag.
  • the trigger valve serves as a pressure type, discharge valve proper, while the check valve prevents any toxic gas from penetrating into the apparatus from the surrounding atmosphere.
  • a signal device for signaling dwindling supply of the respiration gas is usually constituted as whistles or buzzers which are actuated by being connected in series in the respiration air circuit at the moment when the pressure in the reservoir drops below a certain value.
  • the actuation of these devices in the respiration gas circuit produces an increase in the resistance to breathing thus requiring an increased effort by the lungs of an already tired user of the apparatus which in turn leads to a rapid exhaustion of the gas supply.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a respirator of such construction as to extend the operation period of the apparatus or if the present operation time is maintained, to reduce the weight of the apparatus.
  • the discharge valve is located in the exhalation conduit between the exhalation check valve and the CO absorber, while an acoustic alarm unit for signaling a dwindling supply of oxygen is located inside the breathing bag, the stream of gas flowing through the signaling device being in parallel to the ordinary stream of respiration gas which flows in the circuit from the gas supply to the user.
  • FIGURE of the drawing diagrammatically illustrates the apparatus in an exemplary construction according to the invention.
  • the apparatus comprises a reservoir or tank 1 of compressed oxygen connected, through a system of valves, with an inflatable exhalation bag 2, said bag in turn forming a closed circuit with a carbon dioxide absorber 3 by means of breathing hoses 4, 6 and conduits 7 and 8 at the inlet and the outlet of the CO absorber. Only certain valves in the valve system of the apparatus are essential for explaining the substance of the present invention and will be described hereafter.
  • a cut-off valve 9 Located at the outlet of the reservoir 1 is a cut-off valve 9, connected with a pressure reducing valve 10.
  • a high-pressure chamber 11 of the pressure reducing valve 10 is connected with a chamber 23 of an oxygen supply signaling device 22, while a reduced pressure chamber 32 of valve 10 is connected with a feed valve 12 connected by means of a conduit 13 with inhalation hose 4.
  • the hoses are terminated with an inhalation check valve 14 and an exhalation check valve 15.
  • a discharge valve 16 comprising a check valve 17 and a trig ger valve 18.
  • Valve 18 is provided with a spring 19 and a movable element 20.
  • an actuator 21 Connected to element 20 is an actuator 21 having a function to be described later.
  • the device 22 for signaling low supply of oxygen is provided with a control element 24 urged under the pressure in chamber 22 against a movable element 26 ofa valve 25.
  • a spring 27 acts on element 26 in a direction to open valve 25.
  • a signaling unit 28 in the signaling device 22 comprises a nozzle 29, a whistle 31, and
  • valve 9 of reservoir 1 When the valve 9 of reservoir 1 is open, the oxygen flows to the pressure reducing valve 10 wherefrom, under reduced pressure, the oxygen flows to the feed valve 12.
  • Valve 12 ensures a constant and periodically increased feeding, through conduit 13, to the inhalation hose 4.
  • the oxygen joins the air circulating in the circuit and flows, during the inhalation phase to the mouthpiece 5 and to the lungs of the user of the apparatus.
  • the air flows through the exhalation check valve 15 through the absorber 3, to the bag 2 causing inflation of the bag, and then the breathing cycle is repeated.
  • the check valve 17 of the discharge valve 16 is opened by the pressure prevailing in the conduit 7.
  • the inflated bag presses against the release actuator 21 of the valve 18 and the valve 18 opens thus enabling a part of the exhaled air to be discharged to the outside atmosphere.
  • the exhalation valve closes. Nevertheless, the flow resistance of the absorber 3 causes pressure to remain in the conduit 7. Therefore, the air from the final phase of exhalation in conduit 7 will be discharged through the open check valve 17 and the trigger valve 18, even during the initial inhalation phase until the wall of the bag 2 ceases pressing against the release actuator 21.
  • This protracted operation of the discharge valve causes the absorber to purify air whose CO content is small and consequently the life of the absorber is extended, or alternatively the size and the weight of the absorber can be reduced for the same life. In both instances, absorption of the CO in the absorber is almost complete.
  • the above described system of discharging the air from the circuit can be employed for every apparatus of a closed or semi-open circulation type. The apparatus operates in the above fashion until the moment when the acoustic device signals a dwindling supply of oxygen. This device begins operation when the pressure in the compressed oxygen reservoir 1, and thus in the reservoir space 23 of the signaling device, drops below a predetermined value.
  • the force of spring 27 overcomes the pressure exerted by the controlling element 24 on the movable element 26 of the valve 25 and opens the valve 25.
  • the oxygen in the space between the pressure reducing valve 10 and the feed valve 12 flows through the valve 25 and the nozzle 29, to the whistle 31.
  • the stream of oxygen coming from the nozzle 29 and directed towards the whistle sucks air, under injection effect, from the breathing bag through the side holes 30 in the wall of the signaling unit 28, and thus a greater part of the gas flowing through the whistle 31 produces a stronger whistling effect.
  • the signaling device stops producing signals as soon as the flow of respiration gas from the reservoir to the bag is completely terminated, this being a signal for immediate stoppage of the apparatus. The period of time for working with the apparatus has safely been brought up to a peak value without the need of maintaining a certain reserve in the respiration gas supply.
  • a respirator having a supply of respiration gas, an inhalation conduit connected to the supply for utilization by a user of the respirator, an exhalation conduit for receiving exhaled gases from the user,an absorber of CO gas connected to the exhalation conduit, and a resilient bag connected to the absorber and undergoing inflation during exhalation and deflation during inhalation, an improvement comprising discharge valve means in the exhalation conduit for discharging exhaled gases to ambient atmosphere during at least part of the exhalation period by the user, a check valve in said exhalation conduit, said discharge valve means being located in the exhalation conduit between the check valve and the absorber, conduit means connecting the gas supply to the inhalation conduit, signal means for indicating dwindling supply of the supply gas, said signal means being connected in parallel with the conduit means, said signal means comprising an acoustic signal generator disposed in said resilient bag.
  • said signal generator includes a nozzle through which supply gas can be passed to produce an audible sound when the pressure of the supply gas drops below a given value, said holes in the signal generator leading to the path of flow of the gas to the nozzle and to the interior of said resilient bag so that the gas in the resilient bag is drawn to the nozzle by injection effect when supply gas flows to the nozzle.
  • said signal means comprises a valve which is normally closed by the pressure of the supply gas but which is opened due to low pressure when the gas supply has dwindled below a predetermined amount, the latter valve being disposed in front of the signal generator to control flow of supply gas to said nozzle.
  • said discharge valve means includes an actuator member positioned proximate the resilient bag to be actuated thereby when the bag undergoes inflation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
US00234523A 1971-04-17 1972-03-14 Breathing system protecting apparatus with a closed or semi-open circulation of respiration gas Expired - Lifetime US3805779A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14761271A PL72189B1 (hu) 1971-04-17 1971-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3805779A true US3805779A (en) 1974-04-23

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US00234523A Expired - Lifetime US3805779A (en) 1971-04-17 1972-03-14 Breathing system protecting apparatus with a closed or semi-open circulation of respiration gas

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3805779A (hu)
DD (1) DD96147A5 (hu)
DE (1) DE2218173A1 (hu)
FR (1) FR2131432A5 (hu)
PL (1) PL72189B1 (hu)
SU (1) SU413655A3 (hu)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910222A (en) * 1972-10-16 1975-10-07 Robert Metivier Safety and alarm device for monitoring gas
US5072728A (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-12-17 Dragerwerk Ag Recirculating respirator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60195049U (ja) * 1984-06-04 1985-12-26 伊藤精機株式会社 循環式呼吸器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH229530A (de) * 1941-04-17 1943-10-31 Auergesellschaft Ag Sauerstoffatemschutzgerät mit einer akustischen Warnvorrichtung.
US3131667A (en) * 1962-04-06 1964-05-05 Sajeck George Low pressure warning apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH229530A (de) * 1941-04-17 1943-10-31 Auergesellschaft Ag Sauerstoffatemschutzgerät mit einer akustischen Warnvorrichtung.
US3131667A (en) * 1962-04-06 1964-05-05 Sajeck George Low pressure warning apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910222A (en) * 1972-10-16 1975-10-07 Robert Metivier Safety and alarm device for monitoring gas
US5072728A (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-12-17 Dragerwerk Ag Recirculating respirator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2131432A5 (hu) 1972-11-10
SU413655A3 (hu) 1974-01-30
DD96147A5 (hu) 1973-03-12
PL72189B1 (hu) 1974-06-29
DE2218173A1 (de) 1972-11-02

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