US3805513A - Anchor escapement - Google Patents

Anchor escapement Download PDF

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Publication number
US3805513A
US3805513A US00312654A US31265472A US3805513A US 3805513 A US3805513 A US 3805513A US 00312654 A US00312654 A US 00312654A US 31265472 A US31265472 A US 31265472A US 3805513 A US3805513 A US 3805513A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wheel
escapement
teeth
anchor
clocks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00312654A
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English (en)
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X Theurillat
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1776471A external-priority patent/CH554010A/fr
Priority claimed from CH1776271A external-priority patent/CH561922A/xx
Priority claimed from CH110572A external-priority patent/CH554011A/xx
Priority claimed from CH794972A external-priority patent/CH554012A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3805513A publication Critical patent/US3805513A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1502—Escapement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anchor escapement in which the arrangement of the teeth of the escape wheel provides for three jumps of the escape wheel following a certain number of alternations of the balance wheel.
  • An object of the present invention is to resolve this difficulty.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of the first embodiment of this escapement
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the second embodiment of this escapement
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are diagrammatic sectional and plan views of a first device
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of the second device
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view of a third device
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of a fourth device
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of a fifth device
  • FIG. 8a and 8b are plan and side views of a sixth device.
  • the escapement illustrated in FIG. 1 is particularly intended for a watch whose frequency is 18,000 oscillations per hour.
  • the wheel employed can be regarded as a normal 2l-teeth escape wheel in which three teeth have been suppressed to leave three groups of six teeth, the third and fourth tooth of each group of six being connected to provide a plate 1 with a curved free edge coincident with the outer circumference of the wheel.
  • This plate 1 extends the function of the last tooth before the free jump and suppresses, due to its presence opposite the pallet of the anchor, during the rapid free jump, the possibility of a brief frictional engagement of the point of the fork against the small plate of the balance wheel. With this suppression of friction following any external shocks, the escapement in question retains all the guarantees of good operation of the customary anchor escapement.
  • the tooth 2 rests against the entering pallet in the rest position at the end of the free jump, and there then follow five half-oscillations of the anchor to give normal operation of the escapement and, after the fifth half-oscillation.
  • the wheel will continue its course in a free jump during which the plate 1 will pass in front of the entering pallet, whereas at theend of this jump, the tooth 2 will rest against theexit pallet.
  • the cycle is then repeated, each of the pallets alternately arresting the wheel at the end of the free jump.
  • the good operation of the escapement is which are suppressed, namely one after each group of six consecutive teeth.
  • the wheel is stopped at the end of the free jump by the abutment of the first tooth of the group against the exit pallet.
  • Six normal escapement functions will follow by the alternations of the anchor and the last function will be extended by a free jump of thewheel.
  • the wheel At the end of the latter, as at the end of the following free jumps, the wheel will always stop in an identical position to that illustrated in the drawing (FIG. 2), the first teeth of each group of three in turn abutting against the plane of rest of the exit pallet.
  • the kinematic and dynamic properties of the free jump thus produced may serve for the engagement, disengagement and maintenance of various mechanisms, in particular, these properties may be used to make the beating of the second visible by several devices which will be described.
  • FIG. 3a and 3b The first of these devices is illustrated in FIG. 3a and 3b.
  • a tube 32 is freely adjustable, its clearance with regard to height being limited on either side by an internal shoulder of the arbor and the top of a tube 33 fixed in the arbor.
  • Fixed to the projecting end of the tube 32 is a needle 34 for the second beat.
  • a short arm 35 is fixed to the shaft 36 of aseconds wheel, the escapement of which is of the free jump type as described previously, a finger 35 at the end of the arm 35 being located in an aperture provided in the needle 34.
  • a friction member 37 is placed between the top of the minutes needle adjustment 38 and the bottom of the needle 34.
  • the hand 34 is stopped by the friction member 37 immediately after the free jump.
  • the finger 35 will move in the opening of the needle 34 without any contact therewith.
  • the finger 35' approaches the opposite wall of the opening; the free jump which follows throws the hand, abruptly so that it moves, under the effect of its weight, until the other edge of the opening abuts against the finger 35' which is stopped at the end of the free jump.
  • the moving parts are located in the initial position illustrated in drawing. For the period of 1 second the hand 34, will remain stopped under the action of the friction member 37 whereas the finger 35" has continued its course without any contact, thus re-commencing the cycle of operations described.
  • the second hand 34 may be journalled in the external extension of the arbor as well as that of the tube 33 or of the shaft of the centre wheel and pinion.
  • a pivot may be placed under the centre second hand 35 giving this hand the appropriate width.
  • the second beat needle 34 has a certain weight and that it is more or less balanced; in turn the centre second hand 35 will be as long as possible.
  • a second device will be described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • each of the spaces of 6 degrees through which the needle moves in one second comprises two zones of contrasting colours for example a white zone 41 and a black zone 42 as illustrated in the drawing.
  • the end of the second hand comprises a black surface 43 which in this case corresponds exactly to the total sides of the two zones 41 and 42.
  • the divisions of the second may appear either on the face or under the glass of the watch; the width and spacing of these divisions may vary as de sired; the indicator member mentioned may be formed either by a hand or by a transparent metal sheet on which will beplaced one or two diametrically opposed surfaces in order to correspond with the type of divisions of the second chosen; or even by a disc of transparent material on which will appear the number of desired surfaces 43 in principle from 1 to 60: assortments of the set of shapes or colours, certain embodiments do not lack originality; for example with the use of a disc having 60 surfaces 43 under a glass where the 60 divisions are marked by varying the colours with the basic shade of the face, the beating of the second is apparent in a most striking manner.
  • a third device will be described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • a member 52 Fixed to the shaft 51 of an escapement wheel having free jumps previously described is a member 52 comprising a number of pins equal to that of the free jumps for one revolution of the wheel, namely five for 21 ,600 alternations per hour. These equi-distant pins 53 cooperate with the six arms 54 of a pivoting member 55 placed at the periphery of the escape wheel. A weak friction or engagement spring (not shown) keeps this member 55 in the stationary position. Finally, fixed to the shaft 56 of the latter is the closure member 57 of the two slots 8 and 9 partially illustrated in dotted line.
  • the arrows indicate the direction of movement.
  • the member 55 is stationary for 1 second, held in position by the friction spring; the slot 58 reflects the colour of the 60 sector 57 whereas the other slot 59 reveals another contrasting colour of the sector 57 .
  • the escape wheel participates freely in six escape functions .without a pin 53 coming into contact with the arms '54 of the member 55. Then the free jump intervenes in the position shown in the drawing; thus the pin 53, already thrown forwards by the last escape function, abruptly comes into contact with the arm 54 to entrain it during the entire movement of the free jump. Under the effect of the force of inertia a member 55 and the closure member 57 will continue their course until the following arm 54' abuts against the same pin 53 when stopped at the end of the free jump.
  • this new system has the advantage of facilitating a larger opening of the slots.
  • the practicable margin'between these apertures and the limits of the sector also offers a greater facility for the positioning of the closure member.
  • the number of arms 54 of the member 55 is in inverse ratio to the size of the closure sectors.
  • the pins 53 may be located directly in the verge of the escapement wheel.
  • the support member for the closure member may also be located in coaxial position to the escape wheel.
  • a single member integral with the escape wheel located in a notch of appropriate length provided on the member integral with the closure member, causes the periodic entrainment and stoppage of the closure member.
  • a fourt embodiment is-illustrated in FIG. 6 and relates to a watch having a frequency of 18,000 alternations per hour.
  • the friction spring keeping the seconds wheel 61 in position is not shown whereas this wheel 61 of 60 teeth is partially shown.
  • the pinions 62 fixed to the shaft 63 of the escape wheel of a free jump escapement previously described bears by one of its sides against one tooth of the seconds wheel 61 whereas the free jump of the escape wheel has already begun.
  • the wheel 61 will be abruptly entrained and will pursue its course under the inertia force in order to then be stopped by the abutment of the following tooth against the same side of the pinion 62 on stopping at the end of the free jump.
  • the seconds wheel 61 will thus have covered exactly one-sixtieth of a revolution, which is equivalent to the beat of the second.
  • the pinion of the escape wheel comprises six wings, it is understood that the latter may replace the adjusted pinion 62 on condition that the width of the wings is decreased in order to obtain the necessary engagement play.
  • the pinion 72 comprises five wings instead of six.
  • the device comprises, in addition to the customary wheel 71, a pinion 72 freely adjusted on the shaft 73 of thefree jump escape wheel.
  • This pinion 72 is limited in its stroke by a wing part 74 of the escape pinion (or other contiguous member). The position given is at the same stage of the operation as shown in FIG. 6. Since the free jump has begun, the wing 74 entrains the pinion 72 and consequently the wheel 71.
  • the escape wheel then accomplishes its six functions whereas the following wing of the pinion 72 moves closer by one tooth of the wheel 71 and the wing 74 moves away from the wing 75 in order finally to reassume the same position of forwards movement of the wheel 71 immediately after the commencement of the following free jumps.
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b a last embodiment is used at 18,000 oscillations per hour.
  • the seconds wheel has its 60 teeth distributed over two superposed planes 81 (drawn in full line) and 81' (drawn in thin line) alternating the position of each tooth, one above and one below.
  • Fixed to the shaft 83 of the escape wheel are two identical cams 82 (full line) and 82' (thin line) which are staggered by 60. Both these cams cooperate respectively with each of the toothed planes 81 and 81' of the wheel.
  • An anchor escapement for clocks and watches comprising an escapement wheel having a plurality of teeth disposed extending outwardly around its periphery and defining spaces therebetween, said teeth being spaced so that at least one of said spaces is circumferentially longer than others of said spaces, and an anchor pivotally mounted to engage individual teeth of said wheel one at a time to allow incremental rotation of said wheel wherein a length of an increment of rotation is directly proportional to a space disposed toward a direction of motion of said wheel next to a tooth engaged at the end of said increments of rotation.
  • said escapement wheel has at least 20 teeth and a number of consecutive equispaced teeth greater than two and less than seven spaces between teeth greater than spaces between said equispaced teeth, and indicating means engaging said escapement wheel to render incremental rotations correspondng to said spaces between teeth greater than spaces between said equispaced teeth visible.
  • said indicating means comprises a surface having indicia corresponding to increments of time marked thereon.
  • said indicatingmeans comprises a seconds wheel driven by said escapement said seconds wheel having an entrainment pin integral therewith, an indicator member rotatably mounted and provided with an aperture, said entrainment pin engaging said aperture to rotate said indicator member to render incremental motion of said seconds wheel easily visible.
  • said indicating means comprises an opening in the face of a clock or watch, and means pivotally mounted engaging said escapement and provided with colored sectors visible through i said opening.
  • said indicating means comprises a wheel engaging said escapement wheel

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Displays For Variable Information Using Movable Means (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
US00312654A 1971-12-06 1972-12-06 Anchor escapement Expired - Lifetime US3805513A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1776371 1971-12-06
CH1776471A CH554010A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-06 1971-12-06
CH1776271A CH561922A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-06 1971-12-06
CH110572A CH554011A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-25 1972-01-25
CH794972A CH554012A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-05-29 1972-05-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3805513A true US3805513A (en) 1974-04-23

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ID=27508931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00312654A Expired - Lifetime US3805513A (en) 1971-12-06 1972-12-06 Anchor escapement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3805513A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5321310B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2259246C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2162504B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1409572A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090168610A1 (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-02 Gigandet Christophe Horological movement comprising a high oscillation frequency regulating device
US20120307601A1 (en) * 2010-04-01 2012-12-06 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Impact-proof timepiece escapement

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5270470U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1975-11-20 1977-05-25
EP2075651B1 (fr) * 2007-12-27 2011-03-30 Chopard Technologies SA Mouvement horloger comportant un organe réglant à fréquence d'oscillation élevée

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1995363A (en) * 1931-11-04 1935-03-26 Rhodes Inc M H Escapement
US3134220A (en) * 1961-05-16 1964-05-26 Dichl Electric clock
US3645089A (en) * 1969-05-28 1972-02-29 Asahiro Yamada Intermittent driving mechanism for timepiece

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1995363A (en) * 1931-11-04 1935-03-26 Rhodes Inc M H Escapement
US3134220A (en) * 1961-05-16 1964-05-26 Dichl Electric clock
US3645089A (en) * 1969-05-28 1972-02-29 Asahiro Yamada Intermittent driving mechanism for timepiece

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090168610A1 (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-02 Gigandet Christophe Horological movement comprising a high oscillation frequency regulating device
CN102354095A (zh) * 2007-12-27 2012-02-15 肖尔帕技术公司 具有高振荡频率调节设备的钟表机芯
US8342739B2 (en) * 2007-12-27 2013-01-01 Chopard Technologies Sa Horological movement comprising a high oscillation frequency regulating device
US8628234B2 (en) 2007-12-27 2014-01-14 Chopard Technologies Sa Horological movement comprising a high oscillation frequency regulating device
US8662741B2 (en) 2007-12-27 2014-03-04 Chopard Technologies Sa Horological movement comprising a high oscillation frequency regulating device
CN102354095B (zh) * 2007-12-27 2014-06-18 肖尔帕技术公司 具有高振荡频率调节设备的钟表机芯
US20120307601A1 (en) * 2010-04-01 2012-12-06 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Impact-proof timepiece escapement
US8757869B2 (en) * 2010-04-01 2014-06-24 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Impact-proof timepiece escapement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2162504A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-20
DE2259246C3 (de) 1975-08-07
FR2162504B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-04-23
JPS4865965A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-10
JPS5321310B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-07-01
DE2259246B2 (de) 1974-12-12
GB1409572A (en) 1975-10-08
DE2259246A1 (de) 1973-06-28

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