US3805352A - Method of manufacturing segments for motors, compressors and the like, machine for applying this method and segments obtained by this method - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing segments for motors, compressors and the like, machine for applying this method and segments obtained by this method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3805352A
US3805352A US00163988A US16398871A US3805352A US 3805352 A US3805352 A US 3805352A US 00163988 A US00163988 A US 00163988A US 16398871 A US16398871 A US 16398871A US 3805352 A US3805352 A US 3805352A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wire
mandrel
winding
zone
segment
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00163988A
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English (en)
Inventor
De Montremy J Waldruche
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Perfect Circle Europe SA
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Floquet Monopole SRL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F37/00—Manufacture of rings from wire
    • B21F37/02—Manufacture of rings from wire of resilient rings, e.g. key-rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/12—Details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/924—Deformation, material removal, or molding for manufacture of seal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49274—Piston ring or piston packing making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacture of open ring-shaped segments for motors, compressors and the like.
  • the invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, among these segments to piston rings for petrol piston engines or diesel engines.
  • a manufacturing method for open ring-shaped segments, for engines, compressors and the like is characterised by the fact that a metallic wire is taken, this wire is wound against a mandrel of suitable shape and that the wire is cut to thedesired length for the segment, the shape of the mandrel being such that, after winding, when the wire is cut, the average strand of the latter is extended, in the free state, over.
  • the finishing treatments comprise a phase during which the wire is subjected, after having been withdrawn from the mandrel, to a pressing adapted to give a suitable shape to the transverse section of the wire and to render flat the middle line of the latter, and a phase during which the wire is subjected to a hot stabilizing treatment, adapted to eliminate the inner tensions and to give the segment its optimal metallurgical and mechanical charateristics.
  • the metallic wire used is spring steel wire of round, rectangular or square section.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for applying the method according to the invention.
  • This machine is characterised by the fact that it comprises a mandrel in the form of a drum, of which the peripheral portion comprises two cylindrical end zones staggered, with respect to one another, radially and along the axis of the said drum, and of which the apparent contours along the said axis are secants, the end of the contour of one zone being situated in the concavity of the contour of the other zone, the said end zones being connected between themselves by an intermediate cylindrical zone.
  • the machine comprises at least one roller for winding the wire against the mandrel, the said roller being urged against the mandrel by elastic means and adapted to be moved along the axis of the said mandrel so as to cause, in the course of the winding of the wire, a displacement of the latter, along the said axis, by an amplitude such that one end of the wire is adapted to be urged against one ofthe end zones of the mandrel and that the other end of the wire is adapted to be urged against the other end zone of the mandrel, the latter and the roller being adapted to be displaced with respect to one another in a relative rotary movement.
  • the invention also relates to segments of open ring shape obtained by the application of the abovesaid method.
  • FIG. 1 of these drawings shows, in plan view, on one hand, the middle line, shown as a solid line, of a segment in the free state, on the other hand, in discontinuous line, the middle line of a segment brought back to its nominal diameter and, on the other hand, lastly, in mixed line, the middle line of a segment, in the course of manufacture by the method according to the invention, wound on the mandrel.
  • FIG. 2. shows in elevation, diagramatically, a machine enabling the application of the method according to the invention, the various parts of the machine occupying a position corresponding to the beginning of the winding of the wire on the mandrel.
  • FIG. 3 is a view from the left with respect to FIG. 2, of the various parts of the machine occupying different relative positions from those shown. in FIG. 2, the winding of the wire on the mandrel being practically completed.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the beginning of the pressing operation.
  • FIG. 5 shows similarly to FIG. 4, the operation of pressing proper.
  • this wire is wound against a mandrel 2 of suitable shape and the wire is cut to the desired length for the segment.
  • the shape of the mandrel 2 is such that, after winding, when the wire 1 has been cut and has undergone finishing treatments such as stamping and thermal treatment, the average strand of this wire extends in the free state along an open curve b (FIG. 1).
  • This curve b is such that, when the segment is brought back to its nominal diameter, that is to say when the middle line of the said segment extends along the circumference a and the said segment is mounted around a piston (not shown) housed in a cylinder (not shown), the said segment, which has a tendency to be opened as a result of its elasticity, exerts over its periphery a constant specific pressure on the said cylinder.
  • the curve b is known and the radius of curvature p at a point B of this curve b is connected with the radius R of the circumference a by the formula:
  • Mo denotes the bending moment at the point N of the segment when the middle line of this latter extends along this circumference a.
  • E denotes the modulus of elasticity or YOUNGs modulus of the material used.
  • I denotes the moment of inertia of the cross-section of the segment.
  • the track of the wire I wound on the mandrel is an open non-planar curve, of which the perpendicular projection, on a plane parallel to the middle plane of the said curve is represented by the curve c in FIG. 1.
  • the two end arcs c c of the curve c cross and the ends of these arcs c c are situated in the concavity of the curve c, inside the surface limited by the latter.
  • the essential phase of the method according to the invention which consists of winding the metallic wire 1 against the mandrel 2 can be effected by means of a machine 3, shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2 and 3 and which will now be described.
  • This machine 3 comprises the mandrel 2 and at least one roller 4 for winding the wire 1 against the mandrel 2.
  • the latter has the shape of a drum of which the peripheral portion 5 comprises two end zones 6 and 7, cylindrical, displaced with respect to one another radially and along the axis of the said drum.
  • the apparent contours of the zones 6 and 7 along the direction of the axis of the drum, which axis is perpendicular to the middle plane of the track of the wire 1 on the mandrel and parallel to the generatrixes of the cylindrical zones 6 and 7, are analogous to the arcs of the curve c c of FIG.
  • the apparent contours are therefore secants and the apparent contour of the end 7a of the zone 7 is situated in the concavity of the contour of the other'zone 6, whilst the apparent contour of the end 6a of the zone 6 is situated in the concavity of the contour of the zone 7.
  • the concavitites of the zones 6 and 7 are turned in the same direction.
  • the zones 6 and 7 are axially adjacent so that the peripheral surface of the mandrel 2 bears, over a fraction of its perimeter, a radial wall 8 (FIG. 3) projecting which ensures the connection, in a radial sense, of the zones 6 and 7.
  • the end zones 6 and 7 are connected between themselves by an intermediate cylindrical zone 9 of which the generatrixes are parallel to the axis of the mandrel of which the dimension, along the direction of this axis, is equal to the sum of the dimensions of the said end zones 6 and 7.
  • the cylindrical zone 9 ensuresa peripheral continuous connection between the said end zones.
  • the zone 6 is intended to come into first contact with the wire 1 which is wound on the mandrel 2.
  • Fixing means 10 for the end of the wire 1 have been therefore provided, on the mandrel 2, at the end of the zone 6, the enable the attachment of the free end of the wire 1.
  • These fixing means comprise a shoulder projecting radially outwardly in the zone 6, in which shoulder is provided a housing 11 where the free end of the wire 1 is locked.
  • the mandrel 2 is mounted on a shaft 13 which can be rotated in a sense corresponding, in FIG. 2, to the clockwise direction.
  • the roller 4 comprises a groove 14 which serves to guide the wire 1.
  • the groove 14 has a profile which corresponds to that of the cross-section of the wire 1.
  • the roller 4 is mounted rotatably in a fork 15 on which elastic means (not shown) are adapted to act so as to push the roller 4 against the mandrel 2, in the direction of the arrow F (FIG. 3).
  • Means (not shown) are also provided to displace the fork l5 and the roller 4 parallel to the axis of the mandrel 2 along the double arrow H (FIG. 3).
  • the displacement of the roller 4 from the right towards the left of the FIG. 3 is necessary to enable the wire 1, on its winding, to become again in contact with zone 6 and then in contact with the zone 7.
  • the movement of the roller 4 from the left towards the right of FIG. 3 is necessary so that the latter comes back into its initial position when the winding of the desired length is completed.
  • the wire 1 after having been wound on the mandrel 2 is cut to the desired length.
  • the cross-section of the wire especially if it is started from a wire of circular section, it must be given dimensions, height and width, corresponding to the use intended for the finished segment.
  • a matrix 16 is used (FIG. 6) constituted by a plate of steel of which the thickness e (FIGS. 4 and 5) is equal to the thickness 1 of the segment once finished (FIG. 5).
  • the plate 16 is cut out along an opening 17 of which the contour is identical to that of the wire 1, when the latter is freed after winding on a mandrel 2.
  • the portion f of the contour of the opening 17 which corresponds to the zone comprised between the ends of the curve b of FIG. 1, has a shape determined essentially by practical considerations.
  • the matrix 16 is arranged between the plates 18 and 19 of a press, these plates being separated.
  • the length of the wire 1, prior to being wound on the mandrel 2, is placed in the opening 17 of which the shape specified above is such that the contour of this opening does not exert any radial pressure on the wire 1.
  • the approach of the two plates 18 and 19 is then actuated to obtain the shaping of the cross section of the wire 1.
  • the plates 18 and 19 cause crushing of this until they come into contact with the matrix 16. It will be noted that the surface of the cross section of the wire 1 does not change and that the hatched areas 8,, S of FIGS. 4 and 5, corresponding to the cross sections, are equal.
  • the part is stabilized with heat, either in the shape that it occupies in the free state, or to the nominal diameter, that is to say when its middle line extends along the circumference a of FIG. 1.
  • This stabilizing treatment enables the inner tensions due to stamping to be eliminated and to give to the finished segment its optimal mechanical characteristics.
  • the finished segment has externally, in the radial sense, a bulge portion 20 (FIG. 5) of which the transverse section is a convex curve, turning its convexity towards the centre of the segment.
  • the radius of curvature of the transverse section of bulge portion 20 is substantially equal to the radius of the circular section of the wire initially used for manufacturing the segment.
  • the shape of the mandrel 2 is such that when the segment is finished and has undergone the finishing treatments constituted by stamping and thermal treatment, the middle strand of the segment extends, in the free state, along the curve b of FIG. 1.
  • the method according to the invention permits a high production rate for the segments and the operations of winding of the wire on the mandrel, cutting, and stamping can be done automatically.
  • the qualities of the segments obtained by this method vary little and have a small dispersion. In addition, the number of operations necessary for obtaining the finished segment is reduced.
  • the stamping operation can also be eliminated if the initial section of the wire is judiciously selected.
  • the section of the wire could be trapezoidal, with bevels.
  • Method for the manufacture of segments in the form of an open ring for a motor, compressor or the like comprising taking a metallic wire, providing a mandrel such that the track of the wire wound on the mandrel is an open. skewed curve, of which a projection perpendicular to a plane parallel to the average plane of the said curve comprises two end arcs which cross, the ends of the arcs being situated, in projection, in the concavity of the projection, inside the surface limited by the latter, winding the wire against said mandrel, cutting the wire to the desired length for the segment, the shape of the mandrel being such that, after winding, when the wire is cut, a middle line of the wire is extended, in the free state, along an open curve such that the said segment, after having undergone finishing treatments, when it is brough back to its nominal diameter and when it is mounted around a piston housed in a cylinder, is adapted to exert over the whole of its perimeter a constant specific pressure on the said jacket.
  • finishing treatments comprise a phase during which the wire is subjected, after being withdrawn from the mandrel, to stamping adapted to give a suitable shape to the transverse section of the wire and to render the middle line of the wire flat and the phase during which the latter is subjected to a hot stabilizing treatment, adapted to eliminate inner tensions and to give the segment its optimal metallurgical and mechanical characteristics' 3.
  • the metallic wire used is spring steel wire.
  • mandrel is in the form of a drum of which the peripheral portion comprises two end zones, cylindrical, offset with respect to one another, radially and along the axis of the said drum, and of which the apparent contours along the said axis are secants, the contour of the end of one zone being situated in the concavity of the contour of the other zone, the said end zones being connected between themselves by an intermediate cylindrical zone.
  • the end zone which comes into first contact with the wire during winding includes fixing means for the end of the wire at the end of said end zone for attachment of the free end of the wire, comprising a radially outwardly projecting shoulder in said end zone, the shoulder being provided with a housing for receiving the free end of the wire, and wherein said winding is preceded by inserting a free end of the wire into said housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
US00163988A 1970-07-21 1971-07-19 Method of manufacturing segments for motors, compressors and the like, machine for applying this method and segments obtained by this method Expired - Lifetime US3805352A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7026874A FR2098595A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-21 1970-07-21

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US3805352A true US3805352A (en) 1974-04-23

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US (1) US3805352A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2135496A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES393282A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2098595A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1360244A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4497102A (en) * 1983-07-01 1985-02-05 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Process for manufacturing a piston ring
US4499643A (en) * 1982-07-01 1985-02-19 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Process for manufacturing a piston ring
US5068963A (en) * 1988-09-19 1991-12-03 T&N Plc Piston rings
US5245741A (en) * 1991-08-14 1993-09-21 Federal-Mogul Corporation Machined shaft seal with reinforcing ring
US5752705A (en) * 1988-12-01 1998-05-19 Ae Piston Products Limited Piston rings
US20080256794A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2008-10-23 Kurt Maier Method For the Production of a Piston Ring For Internal Combustion Engine and a Piston Ring of this Type
US20240149329A1 (en) * 2022-11-08 2024-05-09 Beijingwest Industries Co., Ltd. Method and system for on-demand retaining ring forming and installation

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2838128C3 (de) * 1978-09-01 1981-10-22 Goetze Ag, 5093 Burscheid Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von unrunden Kolbenringen aus Metalldraht oder -band
FR2517226A1 (fr) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-03 Floquet Monopole Perfectionnements aux procedes et dispositifs de fabrication des segments d'etancheite pour pistons
DE19831189A1 (de) * 1998-07-11 2000-01-20 Freudenberg Carl Fa Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechringen
DE102006013238A1 (de) * 2006-03-22 2007-09-27 Otto Bihler Handels-Beteiligungs-Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer konusförmigen Hülse
DE102010053720A1 (de) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-06 Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer Gmbh & Cie Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kupplungskörpers
CN114215639B (zh) * 2021-12-23 2023-03-17 江西新节氢能源科技有限公司 一种氢燃料发动机结构

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1215775A (en) * 1916-07-13 1917-02-13 St Louis Felling Machine Company Method of making cylinder-rings.
US1385345A (en) * 1919-10-06 1921-07-19 William A Oubridge Method of manufacture of piston-rings
US1732630A (en) * 1921-08-20 1929-10-22 Bennet Jules Axel Rutger Manufacture of piston rings
US1783047A (en) * 1927-06-01 1930-11-25 Lewis C Marshall Method of making steel piston rings
US2453330A (en) * 1945-12-14 1948-11-09 Lewis C Marshall Method of making split piston rings
US2654977A (en) * 1951-05-03 1953-10-13 Gen Motors Corp Process and apparatus for grinding piston rings

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1215775A (en) * 1916-07-13 1917-02-13 St Louis Felling Machine Company Method of making cylinder-rings.
US1385345A (en) * 1919-10-06 1921-07-19 William A Oubridge Method of manufacture of piston-rings
US1732630A (en) * 1921-08-20 1929-10-22 Bennet Jules Axel Rutger Manufacture of piston rings
US1783047A (en) * 1927-06-01 1930-11-25 Lewis C Marshall Method of making steel piston rings
US2453330A (en) * 1945-12-14 1948-11-09 Lewis C Marshall Method of making split piston rings
US2654977A (en) * 1951-05-03 1953-10-13 Gen Motors Corp Process and apparatus for grinding piston rings

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4499643A (en) * 1982-07-01 1985-02-19 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Process for manufacturing a piston ring
US4497102A (en) * 1983-07-01 1985-02-05 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Process for manufacturing a piston ring
US5068963A (en) * 1988-09-19 1991-12-03 T&N Plc Piston rings
US5752705A (en) * 1988-12-01 1998-05-19 Ae Piston Products Limited Piston rings
US5245741A (en) * 1991-08-14 1993-09-21 Federal-Mogul Corporation Machined shaft seal with reinforcing ring
US20080256794A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2008-10-23 Kurt Maier Method For the Production of a Piston Ring For Internal Combustion Engine and a Piston Ring of this Type
US20240149329A1 (en) * 2022-11-08 2024-05-09 Beijingwest Industries Co., Ltd. Method and system for on-demand retaining ring forming and installation
US12059721B2 (en) * 2022-11-08 2024-08-13 Beijingwest Industries Co., Ltd. Method and system for on-demand retaining ring forming and installation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2135496A1 (de) 1972-01-27
FR2098595A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-10
GB1360244A (en) 1974-07-17
ES393282A1 (es) 1974-09-16

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