US1939065A

US1939065A - Flanging and corrugating machine and method

Info

Publication number: US1939065A
Application number: US518414A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kruse Peter
Original assignee: E W BLIES Co
Current assignee: E W BLIES Co
Priority date: 1931-01-22
Filing date: 1931-01-22
Publication date: 1933-12-12
Anticipated expiration: 1950-12-12

Description

Dec. 12, 1933. P. KRUSE I FL ANGING AND CORRUGATING MACHINE AND METHOD Filed Jan. 22. 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 2 1 2K flaw d By Attorney Dec. 12, '1933. P. KRUSE FLANGING AND CORRUGATING MACHINE AND METHOD 7 .INVENTOR By Attorneys,

Filed Jan.

Dec. 12, 1933. P. muss FLANGING AND CORRUGATING MACHINE AND METHOD Filed Jan. 22. 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 R 0 W 1 m m Byitorney,

Patented Dec. 12, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT; orrice AND a-ignorto Application January as, 1m.- Serial No. 510,414

Claims.

This invention relates to mechanism adapted to form flanges, corrugations or beads and to perform other analogous bending or drawing operations upon sheet metal. The invention isparticularly adapted to perform such operations upon sheets which have been previously bent into tubular form, such, for example, as the body of a can or metal barrel, although certain fea'- tures of the invention are applicable to the proc-- 1o easing of flat sheets. While the mechanism hereinafter set forth may be utilisedv for a wide variety of work, it is particularly suited for flanging and corrugating the cylindrical bodies of large, heavy metal drums or barrels such as are employed for containers of oil or other liquids.

The object of the invention is to provide improved mechanism of the above described type which is rugged in construction and capable of performing its operations accurately and at comgo paratively high speed.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for progrwsively forming a series of corrugations; beads or the like, one in juxtaposition to another, whereby the metal of the blank is 26 permitted to adjust itself to certain of the corrugating or beading tools prior to the full engagement of the tools which subsequently form the adjacent corrugations, thus greatly reducing the strains which would otherwise occur in the metal 3 if all the corrugations were formed simultaneously. y

Another object of the invention is to provide an arrangement of mechanism whereby to facilitate the carrying out of successive bending operations on the two ends of a tubular body.

Further objects of the invention relate to improvements in structure and combination of parts, as will be made apparent in the following description.

4'0 Reierence is had to the scoop; ings wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a barrel corrugating and flsnging machine according to the present invention, the inner tools being shown separated from the body of the machine so as not to obscure other parts; a

Fig. 2 is an axial cross-section taken through the beading and flanging head'pf the machine illustrated in Fig. l, the section being taken along the line 1III of Fig. 3; v.

Fig. 3 ,is a transverse section taken along the line III-III of the mechanism shown in Pig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken along the line IV-IV of Fig. 2 and shows one of the internal draw-' cam rings for drawing the internal tools radiallyv inward after the completion of the corrugating operation;

Fig. 5 is a somewhat enlarged, fragmentary axial section showing the relationship of the so flanging and corrugating tools after the flanging and. first corrugating tools have completed their operations, the remaining corrugating tools occupying progressively greater distances from the blank at this stage of the cycle;

Fig. 6 is a view of one half of a cylindrical drum which has been flanged and corrugated by the mechanism according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is an end view showing the mounting of the'flanging tools; and a Fig. 8 is a diagram showing duplex machines for operating progressively on two ends of a barrel.

.Before describing the preferred form of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be desirable to consider the nature of the work which the machine is adapted to perform. This is clearly shown in Fig. 6 which represents a typical corrugated metal drum B, the ends of which are flanged as shown at C to receive the ends or covers which are subseas quently seamed to the flanges in a well mown manner. The annular corrugations D may be of any desired form and may extend continu ously along the length of the drum, or as is more customary, may be confined to the area adja- 5 cent the ends of the drum. These corrugations are of such form and depth as to greatly increase the strength and rigidity of the body, thus permitting of theuse of considerably lighter material than would otherwise be necessary.

Where a number of corrugations must be formed it. will be apparent that an appreciable amount of material will be taken up in following the required sinuous contour of the corrugations. In certain types of corrugated drums. 5 produced by the mechanism according to my in vention, the longitudinal shrinkage of the body amounts to as much as six inches, the completed drum being six inches shorter than the uncorrugated cylindrical bodyfrom which it is formed. Such shrinkage is intended and is highly advantageous in that it insures against undue straining of the metal which would otherwise occur if the shrinkage were not permitted.

Heretofore it hasbeen customary to produce 1 5 all the contiguous corrugations simultaneously, with the result that the metal can not freely adjust itself to each of the corrugating tools but is engaged by such tools simultaneously over the entire area to be corrugated, the metal thus held vide the additional length to follow the sinuous contour of the corrugating tools. The metal is thus subjected to a marked drawing effect, whereas in the progressive corrugating method according to my invention, the stretching or drawing of the metal is almost negligible, the material of the body being relatively free to move from one end toward the corrugating tools which .are progressively closing in on the blank. The

mounted upon the frame of the machine and which carries the radially movable internal segmental corrugating and flanging tools. This internal head normally lies within a stationary external head F which carries radially movable external segmental tools. The tools carried by the internal and external heads are normally in register and cooperate to perform the flanging and corrugating operations, as will hereinafter more fully appear. The heads are shown separated in Fig. 1 to facilitate inspection of the parts and also to indicate an important feature in the construction of the machine which makes possible the bodily removal of the internal head with all its operating parts completely assembled, thus greatly'simplifying the task of inspecting the tools and making any necessary repairs on either the internal or external heads.

The stationary external head F is surrounded by a cylindrical cam drum G which oscillates about the axis of the heads, and in so doing controls the radial movement of the segmental corrugating and flanging tools. The drum G also affords a casing which preferably encloses all the working parts of the heads.

The cam drum G is oscillated by a crank H, the two being connected by a pitman J in such manner that upon each revolution of the crank the drum will be oscillated through an angle of approximately 50, the necessary extent of this motion being determined by the design of the tool actuating cams.

Because the machine is intended to operate on large barrel bodies which are heavy and cumbersome to handle, it is preferably arranged to operate on a one-stroke cycle. be provided a clutch between the flywheel I and the crankshaft, the engagement of such clutch being controlled by a foot pedal K, the said clutch being automatically disengaged upon each revolution of the crankshaft. Clutches of this type are in general use on power presses and are well understood. The clutch is preferably located at the point L within the flywheel hub. A detailed description of such clutch located within a flywheel hub will be found in United States Patent No. 1,501,422, granted to R. W. Strout, July 15,

1924. Power is supplied to flywheel I in anysuitable manner, the said wheel rotating continuously, and being of such weight that its momentum will insure the effective operation of the flanging and corrugating tools when the said flywheel is periodically connectedto the crank-shaft through the operation of the aforesaid clutch. A

continuously acting brake M'is advantageously The mechanism To this end there may being compelled to stretch sufficiently to prothe purpose of absorbing the momentum thereof after the disengagement of the driving clutch, so that the mechanism operated by the crank-shaft will be brought to rest after the completion of an operating cycle and in correct position for the commencement of a new cycle. This brake may be of any suitable form, and need not be further described inasmuch asbrakes of thiskind-are commonly employed in heavy power machinery such as presses, and for precisely the same purpose.

The main frame P of the machine consists preferably of a single casting providing at one end suitable bearings for the crank-shaft. The large oscillating cam drum G is supported at the other end of the frame P, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the frame P providing an arcuate bearing surface Q forming a cradle in which one end (to the right in Fig. 2) of the cam drum G rests and is freely oscillatable. The said cam drum at its left end carries a rigid end plate S provided with a substantially tubular hub T whichis supported within a large bearing U formed in the stationary bed or frame P. The cam drum is thus seen to be supported and provided with adequate bearing surface, the bearing T at one-end and the arcuate cradle surface Q at the other insuring positive and accurate support while permitting free oscillation.

The stationary internal head E is freely mounted upon a sleeve V securely keyed at W to the hub T of the external-oscillating cam drum G. The sleeve V is, in turn, freely oscillatable about a rigid supporting mandrel X secured at its lefthand end in the frame P, as shown in Fig. 2. The mandrel X carries virtually the entire weight of the internal head E and must therefore be of rugged construction.

Before describing the details of the tools and their actuating cams, it will be useful to complete the general description of the machine. The cylindrical body A of the barrel which is to be flanged and corrugated is inserted between the internal head E and the external head F, the body occupying the position indicated in Fig. 2. To facilitate the insertion of a body, which, prior to be corrugated is quite flexible and generally somewhat out of round, a tapered annular guide or former Y is mounted concentric with the head E, the guide having a maximum diameter somewhat in excess of the diameter of the internal head over which the barrel body must pass, so that the body will be freely guided over the internal tools until it reaches suitable stops located at the inner end of the head. Thus positioned, the body is ready to be operated upon by the several tools. The sequence of operations may be generally described as follows: First, the body is gripped between internal and external seg-' mental jaws; second, the internal segmental flanging tools expand to form the flange; third, the internal and external segmental corrugating tools are progressively brought into engagement with the body, the tools nearest the flanged end and adjacent to the gripping Jaws comingtogether first, and the remaining corrugating tools being brought together in succession, so that the corrugating of the body occurs progressively from the flanged end along the length of the body as far as desired; fifth, the segmental tools and gripping jaws are then separated suflicientlyto permit the free withdrawal of the flanged and corrugated body.

whereonly a single machine is employed, the body may then be turned end for end and the above described operations performed on the other end of the body to complete the flanging and corrugating of the barrel. It is preferable,

Fig. 8, the bodies A approaching the first machine balong the feed line c. After the attendant has completed the operation on one end of a body in the machine b, he replaces the body on a continuation d of the feed line where it is passed into the second machine e, where the required 20, operations on the body are completed, theflnished bodies then proceeding along the delivery line ,1, as shown in the diagram. It will thus be seen that the attendants of the machines are required merely to shift the bodies longitudinally into their respective machines and replace them on the feedline, the necessity for turning the bodies end-for end being thereby eliminated.

The details of the mechanism by which the various operations are performed on the bodies will now be considered. Both the internal and external segmental tools are guided in stationary heads, the tools being radially reciprocated by oscillating cams which are actuated by the crank motion hereinbefore described. In the preferred construction both the internal and external tools comprise six segments of equal angular width, the segments being so formed that when they are in full engagement with the barrel body they continuously encircle the latter. Each of the segments thus occupies approximately of the circumference,'as will be seen in Fig. 3, which shows the external corrugating tools at 3 and the cooperating internal tools at 4. In order to avoid any irregularities in the corrugations, the

- internal tools '4 are preferably staggered with respect to the extemai tools 3, so that any gap between the segments of one set will be bridged over by the segments of the other. The stationmy head E in which the internal segmental tools are guided, is formed by bolting together a series of. guide rings 5, 5', 5", 5 (Fig. 2), these guide rings being clamped between end plates 6, 7, through which the bolts 8 pass. The guide ring assembly is locked against rotation by a key 8' interposed between end plate '7 and the stationary central mandrel x. To prevent axial displacement, the end plate 7 is secured by a hub flange 9 to a flanged mandrel cap 10, a series of screw and bears against the external face of cap 10. A collar 15 formed integrally with the screw engages the inner face of the said cap.

The above described arrangement permits of securely clamping the internal head I: to the mandrel and locking it against axial displace-.

ment, and has the further distinct advantage of facilitating the removal of the head from the.

mandrel in order to permit the inspection or re pairof thetools. 'lhescrewnispreferably of suillcient length to permit the head E to be drawn a considerable distance along the mandrel X by simply rotating the hand wheel 14. Because of the necessary weight of the parts, this operation would be difficult to perform by direct manipulation of the head. i

As best seen in Fig. 3, each of the guide rings 5, 5, etc., is slotted or cut away to provide six radial guideways 20 in which the tool carriers 21 are freely slidable. These tool carriers are preferably cored-out blocks of generally rectangular form and are of substantialy the same thickness as the guide ring in which they are mounted. The necessity of providing means for individually guiding the tool carriers in other than a radial direction is eliminated since each abuts against the tool carrier in the adjacent guide ring, the entire series being confined berings is provided with six inclined cam surfaces, one for actuating each of the six tool carriers guided within the individual guide rings. The inclination of the'cam surfaces is such that the required radial movement of the tool carriers 21 is eil'ected by an angular movement of the cam ring of approximately 12, all the tool carriers in any individual guide ring moving outwardly uniformly and simultaneously. It'will be understood, however, that the cam ring for actuating the tool carriers of guide ring 5 is angularly advanced with respect to the adjacent cam ring actuating the tool carriers in guide ring 5. Similar angular differencesoccur between the cam rings within guide rings 5 and 5. This diflerent angular setting of the cam rings prowhich the individual cam ring 23 for each of the guide rings is housed. Each of the cam vides theprogressive action of'the corrugating" tools, which action constitutes one of the important features of the present invention. The

angular lead of each cam ring with respect to the adjacent ring is suflicient to insure the full working stroke ofthe tool carriers of the first ring,

while the tool carriers of the'second have not achieved by a lead of approximately 5". bolts 11 clamping the flanges together. The

While itwould be'possible to movethe tool carriers 21 by the direct engagement of the cam.

ring 23 against their inner ends, it is preferable to interpose cam rollers 25 therebetween. These cam rollers are preferably trunnioned, as shown inFig.2,havingabearingateachendinthe walls of the hollow tool carriers 21. The said trunnions of rollers 25 project through the walls of the tool carriers into special cam rings 26,

the function of which is to return the tool earrim to their radially inward position after they have been moved outwardly by the main driving cams23.

Thespecial cam rings 26 for retracting the tools.

may be relatively light as compared with the driving cams. inasmuch as the duty of restoring the toasts-inoperative positionis almostnegligible as contrasted with the'force required to expand the tools against the material to be corrugated. One of the cam rings 26 is shown in elevation in Fig. 4. It will be understood that five of such rings are provided to effect the return of the four sets of tools carried respectively in guide rings 5 to 5 inclusive, three of the, rings 26 occupying places between the four guide rings and each receiving the two adjacent ends of cam roller trunnions 25, as shown in Fig. 2. These cam rings are keyed to the oscillating sleeve V, the same keys 27 serving to lock both the return cam rings 26 and the driving cam rings 23 to the said sleeve, so that all move in unison.

The cam rings 26 are each provided with six arcuate slots loosely receiving the ends of camroller trunnions 25 (Fig. 4.) It will be seen that the actual working surface of each slot is the radially outward inclined surface 31, this surface acting to draw the trunnions radially inward when the ring is rotated counter-clockwise. In Fig. 4. the ring is in the extreme counter-clockwise position corresponding to the full inward stroke of the tool carriers. There being no necessity for the progressive withdrawing of the tools from the barrel body after the operations have been completed thereon, the return cam rings 26 are allset at the same angular position, all the tools thus being moved simultaneously to the inoperative or inward position. Because of the fact that the different series of tools must move progressively outward, it is necessary to make cam slots 30 sufiiciently wide to permit of a certain relative movement between corresponding tool carriers of adjacent series, each of the cam slots being engaged on opposite sides by the camroller trunnions of two differently timed series.

As seen in Figs. 2 and 5, four complete sets of internally expanding corrugating tools are provided. The arcuate working surfaces of these tools are grooved in accordance with the desired contour of the corrugations. The tools illustrated are adapted to produce nine beads or corrugations, each of the tool carriers 5, 5 and 5 carrying tools for producing a double corrugation, and the carrier 5 a triple. corrugation. In Fig. 5 the relative position of the tools at the moment that the first set has fully engaged the barrel body A is shown, the second, third and fourth sets occupying a progressively greater distance from the body. During the further progress of the working cycle, the latter tools are successively brought into engagement with the body, each mating with the corresponding external tools which are simultaneously moving radially inward. The external and internal tools are preferably so adjusted that they come into full engagement with the body A in such manner that the alternate outward and inward curvatures of the corrugations are produced symmetrically on one side and the other of the circle representing the normal diameter of the barrel body prior to the forming of he corrugations, this disposition of the tools resulting in a minimum deformation of the material for a given depth of corrugation.

The construction, mounting and operation of the external corrugating tools will now be described. The principles involved are the same as those set forth in the foregoing description of the internal tools, there being provided a stationary guiding structure for the external tool carriers and a plurality of oscillating cam rings as seen in Figs. 2 and 3, comprise radially movable slide blocks 35. The working face of the corrugating tools is preferably formed as a separate piece 36 which is secured by screws 37 on the inner face of tool carrier 35. Projecting radially outward from each tool carrier is a pair of arms 38 which retain cam rollers 39, the rollers being preferably trunnioned in bearings provided toward the end of arms 38. I

Each of the sets of external corrugating tool carriers is surrounded by a cam ring .0 rigidly secured, as by means of screws 1, to the oscillating drum G, hereinbefore described, which constitutes the external casing of the oscillating head. Each of the cam rings 40 is provided with six symmetrically-arranged, internal cam surfaces 42 which are so formed as to provide the required inward radial movement of tool carriers upon clockwise movement of the cam drum, as viewed in Fig. 3. Corresponding with the arrangement of the cam rings 23 for operating the internal tools, the external rings are angularly displaced relative to one another in such manner as to produce the desired lead whereby the tools in the successive groups are progressively brought into engagement with the work.

Instead of providing special cam rings for re turning the tools to their radially outward position as in the case of the internal tools, there are provided individual cam hooks 45 which are rigidly secured to the cam rings 40. These hooks are so formed as to pass freely between the radially projecting arms 38 of each of the tool carriers and are provided with a cam surface 46 adapted to engage cam roller 39. Thus each of the rollers is driven inwardly by the advancing movement 1 of the external cam surfaces 42, and thereafter, toward the completion of the back stroke of the oscillating cam drum, is moved outwardly by the' engagement of cam hook 45 therewith.

The tool carriers 35 are radially guided between stationary guide blocks 50, these guide blocks being so formed as to present parallel faces one to another, between which faces the tool carriers are guided. If desired, the tool carriers may be gibbed in the guide blocks, as indicated at 51, although such additional guiding is not necessary because of the fact that the several tool carriers are of such width that when in assembled relationship, one in sliding contact with another, they completely occupy the space between the stationary

end guide plates

54, 55, as seen in Fig.

2. With the exception of the tool carriers at each end of the series which directly engage the said guide plates, each of the tool carriers may be said to guide the adjacent one. The guide blocks 50 are provided with radially disposed tongues and grooves 5'7 in their mating faces whereby to insure uniform alignment, and each series of blocks is securely clamped between

end plates

54, 55 by screws 58 which extend therethrough. End plate 54 is provided with a downwardly-extending bracket 59 which is secured to the bed of the machine. End plate 55 is securely anchored to the main frame P by means of brackets 60 formed integrally with the plate and extending through apertures 61 in the end cover S of the oscillating cam drum, these brackets being bolted to a flange 62 formed integrally with the bearing member U which consitutes a part of the main frame. Aperture 61 must be of sufficient angular width to permit the unobstructed oscillation of the drum G relative to the stationary brackets 60.

There remain only to be described the special tools for performing the flanging operation. There are three principal elements of the fianging mech 150 anism in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2: (1) a stationary annular anvil 65 which fits snugly within the barrel body A which. is to be flanged; (2) the external contracting segmental gripping jaws 66 which clamp the body against anvil 65; and (3) the internal expanding segmental flanging tools 87.

The anvil 65 is rigidly secured around the periphery of the stationary guide ring 5, which. as"

hereinbefore described, is securely bolted to end plate 6. The leading edge 69 of the anvil is struction permitting the insertion of shims between the stop and tool segment should it be desired to alter the projection of the-barrel body beyond anvfl 65 for the purpose of changing the width of the flange to be formed at the end of the body.

The six external contracting gripping laws 66 are identical in construction and operation with the adjacent corrugating tools except that simple arcuate gripping faces are provided to engage the barrel body in place of the corrugating tools hereinbefore described. The tool carriers themselves, with their cam and roller actuating mechanism, are replicas of the corrugating tool carriers, the only diii'erence, apart from the form of the working face of the tools, being that the cam ring 40 for actuating the gripping jaws has a somewhat greater angular lead with respect to the cam rings of the corrugating tools, so that the body gripping operation odours sufflciently in advance of the engagement'of the first set of corrugating tools to permit of the completion of the flanging operation prior .to such engagement. The working face of gripping jaws 66 is preferably formed so that its lefthand edge (Fig. 2) mates exactly with the lefthand edge of anvil 65. I I

After the body has been securely clamped between anvil and gripping jaws 66, the segmental expanding flanging tools 67 move radially outward to form the flange '15 by bending the projecting end of the barrel body around the face of gripping jaw 86. the relative position of the parts above described after the completion of the flanging operation being indicated in Fig. '5.

The flanging tools 67 are mounted directly on the tool carriers 21 of the first set of corrugating tools and move in unison therewith, the precedence of the flanging operation over the engagement of the first corrugating tools resulting from the fact that fianging tools 67 are initially in closer proximity to the work than the corrugating'tools to which they are connected. Thus when tool carriers 21 commence their outward movement after the barrel body has been gripped between theanvil 65 and gripping jaws 66, the

- fianging tools'67 engage the projecting end of thebodyandcompletetbeflanging p ration before the'eorrugating tools are broughtinto effestive-engagement with the body. The further outward movement of tool carriers 21 carries the tools some'what beyond the completed flange 76 while the corrugating tools performtheiroperationupcnthebody.

The method of mounting the flanging tools 67 on tool carriers 21 is clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 7. Each flanging tool segment is supported on a ledge 78 formed integrally with, and projecting from the side face of tool carrier 24, the segment being held in position by screws 79 which enter the body of the tool carrier. It will be seen that apertures 80 are cut in anvil ring 65 to permit the passage of tool carriers 21 therethrough and without interfering with the radial reciprocation thereof.

The operation of the flanging and corrugating machine has been clearly pointed out in the foregoing description but maybe briefly summarized as follows: The barrel body A to be flanged and corrugated is slipped over the guide Y and into the tool heads, the body and tools occupying relatively the positions indicated in Fig. 2 with the body end engaging stops 71 and extending beyond anvil 65 a distance equivalent to the desired width of flange which is to be formed. The 0 3- erator sets the machine in motion by depressing treadle K (Fig. l) which results in the engagement of clutch L and the rotation of crank-shaft H through one complete revolution. Cam' drum G is thus caused to swing first counter-clockwise and then clockwise over an arc of approximately 50. Such oscillation of the cam drum moves external cam rings 40 and mternai cam rings 23, 26 connected therewith in such manner as to produce first; the clamping external jaws 66 againstthe barrel body at a point where it is internally supported by anvil 65; second, the outward radial movement of tool carriers 5 which bring flanging segments 07 into operation to bend the flange and thereafter the corrugating tools 4 mounted on-the same carriers, into engagement with the body. At the same time the corresponding external corrugating tools 3 move inwardly to matewith the Entemal corrugating tools. The succeeding gro ps of internal and external .corrugating tools are then brought progressively into engagement with the barrel body. The above operations are completed during the counter-clockwise rotation of the cams. Upon the reverse motion all the tools are simultaneously withdrawn to their initial position, the external tools being drawn outwardly by the action of cam hooks 45 and the internal tools being inwardly retracted bycam rings 26, the machine then comes to rest ready for the commencement of a new cycle and the completed flanged and corrugated body may be freely withdrawn from between the tools heads.

Although only a single embodiment of my in- .ventionhas been hereinbefore described. it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variously modified and embodied without departing from the spirit thereof, as set forth in the following claims. 7

What I claim is:

teriorly and interiorly, and means adapted to bring the corresponding tools of each series progressively into final engagement with the walls of said tube, said means moving at least one of said tools into corrugating engagement withsaid tube and fixedly maintaining such engagement until, during the progressive engagement of the said tools, at 'least one other tool in the said series is moved into corrugating engagement with the tube.

. '2. A tube corrugatlng machine a plurality of sets of external contracting segmental tools, a plurality of sets of internal expanding segmental tools cooperating therewith, and means adapted to bring the corresponding sets of external and internal tools progressively into effective engagement with the walls of said tube.

3. The tube corrugating machine according to claim 2, further characterized in that the segments of corresponding sets of internal and external tools are circumferentially overlapping in such manner as to avoid radial coincidence of the gaps necessarily separating the segments 01 the said external and internal tools.

d. The tube corrugating machine according to claim 2, further characterized in that individual cams are provided for the sets of external tools and also for the sets of internal tools, said cams being fixed with a progressive angular lead, whereby the corresponding sets of internal and external tools will be progressively brought into eflective engagement with the walls of said tube.

5. The tube corrugating machine according to claim 2, further characterized in that retracting means are provided to disengage a plurality of the sets of internal and external tools substantially simultaneously.

6. A tube working machine comprising sets of radially movable external and internal segmental tools, external and internal cams controlling the working engagement of said tools, and a rotatable element directly imparting its angular movement to both said external and internal cams.

'7. A tube working machine comprising a plurality of sets of internal expanding segmental tools respectivelyarranged to engage the tube wall at diiierent positions longitudinally thereof, rotatable tool-actuating means extending axially through said sets of tools and formed as a sleeve, a rigid supporting mandrel about which said sleeve is freely rotatable, the said mandrel being mounted at one end only upon a fixed part of the machine. I

8. A tube working machine comprising a plurality of sets of internal expanding segmental tools, a central mandrel extending axially therethrough, guide members for radially guiding said tools, an end piece secured to said mandrel, said guide members being anchored to said end piece, and a tool actuating cam-sleeve rotatably mounted on said mandrel and surrounded by said guide members, said cam-sleeve being adapted to move the said tools radially through the said guide members.

9. The tube working machine according to claim 8, further characterized in that the bodies of said segmental tools are provided with smooth sides, the sides of each engaging the sides of the adjacent tools whereby the tools afford a mutual guiding action, there being also provided a retaining plate between which plate and the said end piece the several sets of tools are retained against axial displacement relative to the said cam sleeve.

10. A tube working machine comprising a stationary external head, a stationary'internal toolcarrying head, a plurality of sets of segmental expanding tools guided within said internal head, a rotatable cam sleeve surrounded by said sets of tools, and 'a rigid mandrel extending through said sleeve and supporting at least one end of said internal head.

11. The tube working machine according to claim 10, furthercharacterized in that the said internal tool-carrying head with its sets of segmental tools, together with the said cam sleeve, constitute an assembly which can be slipped axially into position within the external head asa unit, said unit being guided by the said mandrel during such axial movement.

12. A tube working machine comprising adjacent sets of segmental fianging and corrugating tools, the corresponding segments of the said flanging and corrugating tools being secured together and in such relationship that upon their common radial movement the fianging tools first engage the tube to bend the flange, the continued radial movement thereupon bringing the corrugated segments into effective engagement with the tube.

The tube working machine according to claim 12, further characterized in that an illternal tube support is provided between the said sets of hanging and corrugating tools, there being also provided external segmental clamping jaws engaging the tube exteriorly and cooperating with said internal support to secure the tube and hold it in shape during the dancing operation, the correspondipgsegmems of the hanging and corrugating tools being secured together by rigid connecting means extending through. the said internal tube support at a radius less than the outer radius of said support.

14. A tube working machine comprising a set of internal expanding tool carriers, cam roller mounted at the inner .end of each of said tool carriers, 9. central rotatable cam cylinder peripherally engaged by said rollers, and rotatable a nular return-cam disks laterally embracing the said tool carriers, said disks being slotted to receive the projecting ends of the said cam rollers whereby to return the tool carriers to their radially inward position afterthey have been driven outward by the rotation oi said cam cylinder.

15. The tube working machine according to claim 14,'further characterized in that there are,

provided a plurality of the said sets of tool carriers, one of the said return cam rings being disposed between each of the said sets of tool carriers and receiving the projecting ends 01 the cam rollers of adjacent tool carriers whereby a single cam ring cooperates with two sets oi. tool carriers to control their return movement.

16. In tube working mechanism the combination of two devices, each adapted to receive an end of a tubular body and to perform bending operations thereon, a feed line along which such bodies are fed, said devices occupy fixed positions on opposite sides of said feed line, and being so disposed that the ends of a body may be successively entered therein by movements of the body transverse to the line of feed and without turning the body end for end.

17. The method of producing a plurality of ring-like corrugations in tubes formed of sheet material, said method consisting in successively bringing into efiective engagement with the material a plurality of sets of internal and external corrugated tools, such engagements, when established, being maintained so as to prevent any axial creepage of the fully corrugated portion of the tube, while the material subsequently to be engaged by the successive sets of tools is permitted to move transversely to the line of corrugations so as to accommodate itself progressively to the said successively engaging sets of tools.

PETER KRUSE.