US3802866A - Process for producing steels according to the oxygen top-blowing method - Google Patents
Process for producing steels according to the oxygen top-blowing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3802866A US3802866A US00227304A US22730472A US3802866A US 3802866 A US3802866 A US 3802866A US 00227304 A US00227304 A US 00227304A US 22730472 A US22730472 A US 22730472A US 3802866 A US3802866 A US 3802866A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- slag
- blowing
- pig iron
- converter
- percent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 47
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940035427 chromium oxide Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/32—Blowing from above
Definitions
- chromium containing deep drawing steels from chromium containing pig iron according to the oxygen top-blowing method.
- 5 to 50 kg of solid chromiumsidei es eey t a analysis of and a grain size of 3 to 20 mm, are added to the pig iron per metric ton of metallic input, whereupon within the period of 5 to 20 percent of the total blowing period an amount of CaO is added into the converter as is necessary for reducing to slag any accompanying elements of the pig iron and for adjusting a desired degree of slag basicity.
- the formation of liquid reactive slag is achieved more rapidly and the time for servicing the blowing lance is reduced. Yield losses are prevented and the life of the refractory lining of the converter is prolonged.
- the invention relates to a process for producing steels according to the oxygen top-blowing method, in particular for producing soft, rimming, chromium containing deep drawing steels from chromium containing pig iron, wherein basic slag formers and, if desired, fluxes are added for the formation of a fluid, reactive slag.
- a pig iron In the production of steel according to the oxygen top-blowing method difiiculties arise when a pig iron is refined that contains accompanying elements which are slagged to oxides that melt only with difficulty, whereby the formation of a fluid, reactive slag is delayed.
- a pig iron is for example a chromium containing steel pig iron containing about 4 percent C, 0.5 to 0.8 percent Si, 1.4 percent Mn, up to 0.2 percent P, up to 0.04 percent S and 0.9 to 1.2 percent Cr.
- This liquid end slag as a rule contains a high amount of CaO so that it is used for the next charge also in order to save lime.
- Working with retaining the final slag or part thereof leads to difficulties when the liquid pig iron of the following charge is filled into the converter because strong, even explosion-like reactions may occur between the carbon of the pig iron and the iron oxide of the slag.
- a further disadvantage lies in that the weight and the composition of the final slag does not remain constant so that disturbances may arise in the course of the process of the following melt and faulty analyses may be obtained.
- the temperature of the end slag and its viscosity may be very different at the beginning of blowing of the subsequent m'elt so that great delays may occur with regard to the period when a reactive slag starts to be formed.
- this process in which the final slag is used again for the following melt, cannot be used in refining pig iron sorts containing about 1 percent chromium, because they are refined in a one-step process so that the end slag contains the overall amount of the chromium reduced to slag as Cr O and thus cannot be used again.
- 1,608,310 suggests the use of synthetic slag formers instead of powderized lime or pieces of lime or limestone; these slag formers are to be produced from a mixture of a calcium oxide with powderized, partly or completely sintered iron ore.
- the production of synthetic slags necessitates certain raw materials and is expensive so that its use has not been justified on a large industrial scale.
- synthetic slag produced from red mud obtained from aluminum industry, from dolomite, lime and bauxite is used in an oxygen top blowing converter in order to increase the life of the refractory lining by providing for a rapid formation of a fluid slag.
- the invention is aimed at creating an inexpensive process that may easily be carried out, with which the formation of skulls at the blowing lance and losses of yields by spraying of the metal at the onset of blowing are prevented and with which also the life of the refractory lining of the converter is to be improved.
- the invention resides in that to the pig iron before or at the onset of blowing per metric ton of metallic input 5 to 50 kg, preferably 20 to 30 kg, of solid chromium oxide free slag having an analysis of Fe -20% si02 8-! 5% Mn 4- i 0% CaO 45-5 5% MgO 1-5 7.
- ALO, l-5% 150 14% and a grain size of 3 to mm, preferably 3 to 8 mm, are added, whereupon within a period of 5 to 20 percent of the total blowing period, calculated from the onset of blowing, an amount of CaO in the form of burnt lime is added into the converter as is necessary for reducing to slag any accompanying elements of the pigiron and for adjusting a desired degree of slag basicity.
- a slag is used whose pyrometric cone fall point (Seger) lies between l,300 and l,370C and whose flow point lies below l,380C.
- Such slags are obtained when chromium free steel pig iron sorts of customary composition are refined; since these slags are inexpensive, only the costs for their pulverisation have to be calculated for their use according to the invention.
- a mill product may be used that is already present and need not be produced synthetically; in the scope of the process according to the invention it is its main task to form a slag protective layer preventing spraying at the onset of blowing so that the blowing lance is protected.
- the solid chromium oxide free steel work slag may also be added already into the pig iron charge ladle so that it is preheated at the beginning of blowing and is liquefied yet more quickly.
- blowing chromium containing pig iron sorts it has been possible by this method to reduce the time for the formation of a liquid reactive slag by at least 2 minutes; the slag formation thus may be ended within a period of about 40 percent of the overall blowing time. While customarily ore is added at the beginning of blowing to provide for a more rapid liquefaction of the slag this is no longer necessary and results in an increase of the scrap amount and thus in a reduction of the input costs. Also the addition of fluxes, which are always unfavourable for the refractory lining, may be reduced when a solid slag is used. Finally the reduction of the time necessary for servicing, i.e., for removing skull formations at the lance, is expressed in a considerable increase in efficiency.
- ferro-manganese into the casting ladle in the production of rimming deep drawing steels with 0.2 to 0.4 percent chromium may be lowered, because, when solid slag is used for the formation of a protective layer for the pig iron bath, the
- a method for producing steel from pig-iron containing chromium by a single continuous oxygen topblowing process carried out in a converter comprising the steps of:
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT171371A AT319298B (de) | 1971-03-01 | 1971-03-01 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahl nach dem Sauerstoffaufblasverfahren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3802866A true US3802866A (en) | 1974-04-09 |
Family
ID=3519368
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00227304A Expired - Lifetime US3802866A (en) | 1971-03-01 | 1972-02-17 | Process for producing steels according to the oxygen top-blowing method |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3802866A (is") |
| AT (1) | AT319298B (is") |
| BE (1) | BE780017A (is") |
| DE (1) | DE2208355A1 (is") |
| FR (1) | FR2128488B1 (is") |
| GB (1) | GB1358326A (is") |
| IT (1) | IT947654B (is") |
| LU (1) | LU64807A1 (is") |
| NL (1) | NL7202308A (is") |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3884678A (en) * | 1974-02-04 | 1975-05-20 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Fluxes |
| US4746361A (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-05-24 | Inland Steel Company | Controlling dissolved oxygen content in molten steel |
| US20080233295A1 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-09-25 | Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Antioxidation coating for steel and antioxidation method using the same |
| CN108842035A (zh) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-20 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种炼钢转炉钢渣脱氧球的制造方法 |
| CN113174456A (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-27 | 东北大学 | 一种底顶复合吹熔融还原高铁赤泥的综合利用方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1783013B1 (de) * | 1968-09-19 | 1970-10-29 | Rheinische Kalksteinwerke | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahl mit hohem Kohle nstoff- und niedrigem Phosphorgehalt nach dem Sauerstoffaufblasverfahren |
-
1971
- 1971-03-01 AT AT171371A patent/AT319298B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-02-17 US US00227304A patent/US3802866A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-02-17 IT IT20690/72A patent/IT947654B/it active
- 1972-02-18 LU LU64807D patent/LU64807A1/xx unknown
- 1972-02-22 DE DE19722208355 patent/DE2208355A1/de active Pending
- 1972-02-22 NL NL7202308A patent/NL7202308A/xx unknown
- 1972-02-24 GB GB868072A patent/GB1358326A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-02-29 BE BE780017A patent/BE780017A/xx unknown
- 1972-03-01 FR FR7207111A patent/FR2128488B1/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3884678A (en) * | 1974-02-04 | 1975-05-20 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Fluxes |
| US4746361A (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-05-24 | Inland Steel Company | Controlling dissolved oxygen content in molten steel |
| US20080233295A1 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-09-25 | Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Antioxidation coating for steel and antioxidation method using the same |
| US7494692B2 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2009-02-24 | Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science | Antioxidation coating for steel and antioxidation method using the same |
| CN108842035A (zh) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-20 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种炼钢转炉钢渣脱氧球的制造方法 |
| CN113174456A (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-27 | 东北大学 | 一种底顶复合吹熔融还原高铁赤泥的综合利用方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2128488A1 (is") | 1972-10-20 |
| GB1358326A (en) | 1974-07-03 |
| AT319298B (de) | 1974-12-10 |
| LU64807A1 (is") | 1972-07-04 |
| FR2128488B1 (is") | 1976-07-23 |
| BE780017A (fr) | 1972-06-16 |
| DE2208355A1 (de) | 1972-09-14 |
| NL7202308A (is") | 1972-09-05 |
| IT947654B (it) | 1973-05-30 |
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