US3801725A - Spacer construction for fluid-insulated transmission lines - Google Patents

Spacer construction for fluid-insulated transmission lines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3801725A
US3801725A US00306492A US3801725DA US3801725A US 3801725 A US3801725 A US 3801725A US 00306492 A US00306492 A US 00306492A US 3801725D A US3801725D A US 3801725DA US 3801725 A US3801725 A US 3801725A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spacer
rings
electrodes
spaced
dielectric
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00306492A
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English (en)
Inventor
O Farish
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ABB Inc USA
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Assigned to ABB POWER T&D COMPANY, INC., A DE CORP. reassignment ABB POWER T&D COMPANY, INC., A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA.
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/06—Gas-pressure cables; Oil-pressure cables; Cables for use in conduits under fluid pressure
    • H01B9/0644—Features relating to the dielectric of gas-pressure cables
    • H01B9/0666—Discontinuous insulation
    • H01B9/0672—Discontinuous insulation having the shape of a disc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
    • H02G5/06—Totally-enclosed installations, e.g. in metal casings
    • H02G5/066—Devices for maintaining distance between conductor and enclosure

Definitions

  • FIG. I3 XIV-4- 11 SPACER CONSTRUCTION FOR FLUID-INSULATED TRANSMISSION LINES CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS Reference may be made to U.S. Pat. application filed Nov. 14, 1972, Ser. No. 306,493 by Alan H. Cookson,
  • My invention relates to electrical-power distribution systems of the type including a gas or fluid-insulated transmission line of the metal-enclosed gas or fluidinsulated type consisting of a tubular conductor, with a grounded metal housing somewhat similar to isolated phase bus, with the exception that the air inside the sealed enclosure is evacuated, and filled with a relatively low pressure high-dielectric-strength gas, such as sulfur-hexafluoride (SF gas or other suitable fluid even oil or vacuum, if desired.
  • SF gas sulfur-hexafluoride
  • my invention is also adaptable to. various compressed gases, or even oil, where this is adesirable medium to use.
  • the basic elements of such a transmission system include, for example, a tubular metallic such as for exam-' ple aluminum inner conductor at line potential, a tubular metallic enclosure concentric with the inner conductor tube at ground potential, with insulating spacer s, located at spaced intervals along the length of the inner conductor to keep the inner conductor centered within the enclosure.
  • an electronegative gas such as SF gas, for example, is provided to assure the proper insulation between the inner high-voltage conductor and .the outer grounded metallic'enclosure.
  • Prior-art practice has utilized spacer designs to centrally locate the inner high-voltage conductor concentrically within the outer grounded housing, or tube.
  • an improved spacer construction in which one or. more metallic control rings are provided to protect against streamers initiating from the grounded outer enclosure.
  • Two such metallic rings may additionally be provided, one in somewhat closeproximity to the inner wall of the outer grounded enclosure, and the other metallic ring disposed in somewhat close proximity to the inner high-voltage conductor.
  • Another form of the invention utilizes a corrugated insulating spacer construction having a pair of metallic control rings secured, as by cementing, for example, to the spacer surface.
  • a further form of the invention utilizes a plurality of streamer metallic control rings spaced apart to correspondwith the voltage distribution between the inner high-voltage conductor and the outer grounded enclosure. Bands of conducting paint or conducting resinous rings or rings of high-dielectric-constant material may be alternatively used.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a portion of a high-voltage gasinsulated transmission line, together with its termination point
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken through a three-phase gas-insulated high-voltage transmission line, which includes conductors below ground level;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a commercial-type section of a type sold within the electrical industry
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a prior-art spacer in which rings are-painted upon the surface of the spacer, FIG. 10 being a sectional view taken substantially along theline x x of FIG. 9;
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate still a further modifiedtype of spacer construction in which rings made of a conducting epoxy material are utilized in substitution of metallic rings, FIG. 12 being a sectional view taken substantially along the line XIIXII of FIG. 11; and,
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 illustrate a further modified-type of construction in which relatively high-dielectricconstant bands are cast or otherwise secured onto the main epoxy spacer, the latter being made of a relatively low-dielectric-constant material.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a portion of a high-voltage gasinsulated system 1, in which the outer grounded metallic enclosure, or pipe is illustrated and designated by the reference numeral 2.
  • a terminal bushing, or terminator structure 3 is provided at the end of the pipe 2 to tallic pipes 2, housing inner high-voltage conductors 7 maybe used, as illustrated somewhat diagrammatically in FIG. 2 of the drawings.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates sections 9 of metal-enclosed gasinsulating systems, each of which comprises an inner high-voltage conductor 7 having a grounded outer metallic housing 2, somewhat similar to isolated phase bus, with the exception that the air within the sealed enclosure is evacuated, and filled with a low-pressure high-dielectric-strength gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF gas, at a pressure say of 22 p.s.i.g., for example.
  • SF gas sulfur hexafluoride
  • my invention may be used with other fluids, such as electro-negative gases, or even with oil.
  • the bus section 9 may include a tulip-type plug-in female contact 4 and a tulip-type male contact 6, so that many bus sections 9 may be connected serially together.
  • the outer grounded enclosure tubes 2 may, for example, be welded together, as at eight.
  • FIG.' 4 illustrates a prior-art spacer design, which is typical for compressed-gas insulated transmission systems l.
  • the purpose of the shielding electrodes 15, I6 is to improve the voltage stress distribution at the inside and outside of the spacer l 1. These are intended to reduce the probability of initiation of a streamer; how- 4 ever, if a streamer is initiated, say by a free conducting particle at either electrode, there is nothing to prevent complete propagation across the spacer surface 11a.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the use of streamer control rings l3,
  • the metallic ring would be useful in preventing complete spacer flashover when a particle first initiates a discharge at a spacer 11.
  • compressed-gas insulated systems 1 could not tolerate continuous discharges due to free conducting particles, because of the effects of discharge products on the insulation of the spacer, and if the particles present were not such that they would be destroyed during the discharge (dust, very fine metallic particles), then the system 1 would have to employ other means, such as a particle trap, such as suggested by Trump et al.. US. Pat. No. 3,515,939. In the latter case, the metallic streamer control rings 13, 14 would still be required to protect the system 1 until the particles were removed by the Trump trapT (not shown).
  • corrugations 18 are used to improve flashover characteristics, In this type of spacer, the corrugations 18 mightprove beneficial in improving the effectiveness of the metallic control rings 14, 14, as it has been found that a fillet of epoxy on the opposite sides of the ring from the streamer improves the performance.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the placement of metallic rings l3, 14 on a corrugated spacer 20.
  • the basic system s uggested in the present invention, is a metallic ring 13 or 14 cemented, glued to, or cast into the spacer 11 near one or both conductors 2, 7.
  • Variations of this might include the use of a number of rings spaced so as to control the voltage distribution across the spacer 11, such as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, and the use of bands of conducting paint or annular sections of conducting epoxy in place of metallic rings, although possible not as effective as the metallic rings, since they do not reduce the field in the direction of propagation as much as a circular cross-sectional metallic ring-l3, 14'.
  • I f I f
  • FIGS. 9 and-"l0 illustrate a modified-type-construction 25 in which rings 26, 27 are painted upon the surface of the spacer 28.
  • the conducting rings 26, 27 could be painted onto the spacer surface 28a in configurations similar to those utilized previously for the metallic rings l3, 14, 18, 19, 20 and 21.
  • the conducting paint used could be, for example, a silicone-silver surface coating, such as Eccocoat CC-l0,. manufactured by the Emerson Cuming Company.
  • a silverepoxy paint such as Eccobond solder 58C, manufactured by the Emerson Cuming Company, could, alternately, be used as a painted conducting ring upon the spacer.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate a modified-type of construction 30 in which the rings 31, 32 are made of a conducting resinous material, such as epoxy.
  • the metallic rings could be replaced by rings made from a metal-filled epoxy, such as-Stycast I970, manufactured by the Emerson Cuming Company, which could be cast onto the epoxy spacer 35.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 illustrate still a further modifiedtype of construction 40 in which high-dielectricconstant epoxy bands 41, 42 are used.
  • the spacer 45 would contain bands 41, 42 of high-dielectric-constant epoxy (without metallic filling), cast into the main epoxy spacer 45, which will normally be made of relatively low-dielectric-constant material.
  • Such rings 41, 42 would again tend to reduce the electrical stress in the direction of propagation, and while not as effective as metallic rings, might be preferred for some applica- .tions.
  • the application of the invention is not restricted to electrical systems insulated by a high dielectric strength gas or electronegative gas such as SP
  • the technique could be used in any system where there is a spacer mechanically separating highvoltage and .ground electrodes, for example coaxial systems insulated by other gases, such as air, or helium, or by other insulants such as oil or a vacuum.
  • a high-voltage electrical system comprising a plurality of spaced electrodes, a dielectric spacer disposed between said electrodes, andat least one conducting ring disposed on the exposed lateral surface of said spacer and spaced radially away from each of said spaced electrodes.
  • a high-voltage coaxial electrical system comprising a pair of coaxial electrodes, a disc-like spacer of insulating material separating said electrodes, and one or more conducting rings surrounding the central conductor yet spaced radially away therefrom and supported inside and outer edges of the spacer.
  • a high-voltage electrical system comprising a plurality of spaced electrodes, a dielectric spacer disposed between said electrodes, and one or more spaced rings painted upon the exposed outer lateral surface of the dielectric spacer in concentric relationship with respect to said spaced electrodes and spaced radially away from both electrodes.
  • a high-voltage electrical system comprising a plurality of spaced electrodes, a dielectric spacer of resinous material disposed between said electrodes, and one or more rings made ofa conducting epoxy material cast into the exposed lateral side of the dielectric epoxy spacer and spaced radially away from said spaced electrodes.
  • a high-voltage electrical system comprising a plurality of spaced electrodes, a dielectric spacer disposed between said electrodes, and one or more high-dielectric-constant epoxy bands cast onto the main epoxy spacer, said main epoxy spacer being made of a relatively low-dielectric-constant material.

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  • Installation Of Bus-Bars (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
US00306492A 1972-11-14 1972-11-14 Spacer construction for fluid-insulated transmission lines Expired - Lifetime US3801725A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US30649272A 1972-11-14 1972-11-14

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US (1) US3801725A (de)
JP (1) JPS4993373U (de)
AT (1) AT328009B (de)
CA (1) CA967254A (de)
CH (1) CH557100A (de)
DE (1) DE2355481A1 (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962609A (en) * 1973-05-17 1976-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Voltage transformer for a completely insulated high-voltage installation
US4074064A (en) * 1973-11-29 1978-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage apparatus having increased resistance to arc activity
US4101727A (en) * 1974-12-11 1978-07-18 Vladimir Ilich Levitov High-tension electric cable
US4166193A (en) * 1977-11-28 1979-08-28 Brown Boveri & Cie Aktiengesellschaft Insulators with increased surface conductivity and method for increasing the conductivity on surfaces of insulators having high electrical resistance made of inorganic and organic materials such as ceramic, glass, plastic and resin
US4458100A (en) * 1981-05-28 1984-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Gas insulated transmission line with insulators having field controlling recesses
US4694436A (en) * 1984-05-29 1987-09-15 Western Geophysical Company Of America Noise-attenuating streamer-cable bulkhead
EP0750379A2 (de) * 1995-06-23 1996-12-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Isolierender Abstandshalter und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Abschirmelektrode
US6649847B2 (en) * 2000-09-01 2003-11-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Resin block insulating system
US20120103645A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2012-05-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas-insulated bus
WO2014180907A1 (de) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Hochspannungsbauteil
RU2581617C2 (ru) * 2014-09-15 2016-04-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники" Способ определения оптимального числа секций секционированного изолятора
US20160138749A1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-19 Itp Sa Electrically heated fluid transportation pipe
RU2584543C1 (ru) * 2014-11-27 2016-05-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники" Способ определения оптимального количества секций секционированного изолятора
EP4131689A4 (de) * 2020-04-02 2024-04-10 State Grid Corp China Stützisolator und gleichstromversorgung

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5740314A (en) * 1980-08-21 1982-03-05 Sumitomo Electric Industries Dc coaxial bus
JPS60166220U (ja) * 1984-04-13 1985-11-05 株式会社東芝 絶縁スペ−サ
DE4007337C2 (de) * 1990-03-08 1999-10-28 Asea Brown Boveri Elektrischer Isolator
DE4015929A1 (de) * 1990-05-17 1991-11-21 Asea Brown Boveri Isolator
DE19500849A1 (de) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-18 Abb Research Ltd Elektrisches Bauteil
DE10060923C1 (de) * 2000-12-07 2003-04-10 Deutsches Elektronen Synchr Energieübertragungssystem für Drehstrom im Mittel- und Hochspannungsbereich

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191217761A (en) * 1911-07-31 1913-03-13 Wilhelm Fellenberg Improvements in High-tension Insulators for Over Head Lines.
US1513292A (en) * 1919-06-12 1924-10-28 Steinberger Louis Column-strain insulator
US1735560A (en) * 1924-08-11 1929-11-12 Ohio Brass Co Insulator for withstanding fog conditions
US2082474A (en) * 1934-12-06 1937-06-01 Research Corp Material insulator for use in vacuum
US3328515A (en) * 1965-08-24 1967-06-27 Gen Electric Polymeric insulator with means for preventing burning due to leakage current and arcs
US3448202A (en) * 1965-07-26 1969-06-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Enclosed electric power transmission conductors
US3529201A (en) * 1968-11-12 1970-09-15 United States Steel Corp Glow discharge suppressing insulator
US3585270A (en) * 1968-07-31 1971-06-15 John George Trump Gas-insulated transmission line
US3621109A (en) * 1970-12-04 1971-11-16 Gen Electric Electrical insulator and method of making
US3715532A (en) * 1971-04-19 1973-02-06 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Encapsulated high voltage-switching installation

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191217761A (en) * 1911-07-31 1913-03-13 Wilhelm Fellenberg Improvements in High-tension Insulators for Over Head Lines.
US1513292A (en) * 1919-06-12 1924-10-28 Steinberger Louis Column-strain insulator
US1735560A (en) * 1924-08-11 1929-11-12 Ohio Brass Co Insulator for withstanding fog conditions
US2082474A (en) * 1934-12-06 1937-06-01 Research Corp Material insulator for use in vacuum
US3448202A (en) * 1965-07-26 1969-06-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Enclosed electric power transmission conductors
US3328515A (en) * 1965-08-24 1967-06-27 Gen Electric Polymeric insulator with means for preventing burning due to leakage current and arcs
US3585270A (en) * 1968-07-31 1971-06-15 John George Trump Gas-insulated transmission line
US3529201A (en) * 1968-11-12 1970-09-15 United States Steel Corp Glow discharge suppressing insulator
US3621109A (en) * 1970-12-04 1971-11-16 Gen Electric Electrical insulator and method of making
US3715532A (en) * 1971-04-19 1973-02-06 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Encapsulated high voltage-switching installation

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962609A (en) * 1973-05-17 1976-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Voltage transformer for a completely insulated high-voltage installation
US4074064A (en) * 1973-11-29 1978-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage apparatus having increased resistance to arc activity
US4101727A (en) * 1974-12-11 1978-07-18 Vladimir Ilich Levitov High-tension electric cable
US4166193A (en) * 1977-11-28 1979-08-28 Brown Boveri & Cie Aktiengesellschaft Insulators with increased surface conductivity and method for increasing the conductivity on surfaces of insulators having high electrical resistance made of inorganic and organic materials such as ceramic, glass, plastic and resin
US4458100A (en) * 1981-05-28 1984-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Gas insulated transmission line with insulators having field controlling recesses
US4694436A (en) * 1984-05-29 1987-09-15 Western Geophysical Company Of America Noise-attenuating streamer-cable bulkhead
EP0750379A2 (de) * 1995-06-23 1996-12-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Isolierender Abstandshalter und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Abschirmelektrode
EP0750379A3 (de) * 1995-06-23 1998-01-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Isolierender Abstandshalter und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Abschirmelektrode
US5723813A (en) * 1995-06-23 1998-03-03 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Insulating spacer with shield electrodes having a graded resistance
CN1049533C (zh) * 1995-06-23 2000-02-16 三菱电机株式会社 绝缘衬垫和密封电极的制造方法
US6649847B2 (en) * 2000-09-01 2003-11-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Resin block insulating system
US20120103645A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2012-05-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas-insulated bus
US8587930B2 (en) * 2009-07-17 2013-11-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas-insulated bus
WO2014180907A1 (de) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Hochspannungsbauteil
RU2581617C2 (ru) * 2014-09-15 2016-04-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники" Способ определения оптимального числа секций секционированного изолятора
US20160138749A1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-19 Itp Sa Electrically heated fluid transportation pipe
AU2015255199B2 (en) * 2014-11-18 2019-12-12 Itp Sa Electrically heated fluid transportation pipe
US10999898B2 (en) * 2014-11-18 2021-05-04 Itp Sa Electrically heated fluid transportation pipe
RU2584543C1 (ru) * 2014-11-27 2016-05-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники" Способ определения оптимального количества секций секционированного изолятора
EP4131689A4 (de) * 2020-04-02 2024-04-10 State Grid Corp China Stützisolator und gleichstromversorgung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA953873A (de) 1975-05-15
AT328009B (de) 1976-02-25
CH557100A (de) 1974-12-13
DE2355481A1 (de) 1974-05-16
JPS4993373U (de) 1974-08-13
CA967254A (en) 1975-05-06

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AS Assignment

Owner name: ABB POWER T&D COMPANY, INC., A DE CORP., PENNSYLV

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA.;REEL/FRAME:005368/0692

Effective date: 19891229