US3801165A - Support device employing a fluid film - Google Patents

Support device employing a fluid film Download PDF

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Publication number
US3801165A
US3801165A US00235308A US3801165DA US3801165A US 3801165 A US3801165 A US 3801165A US 00235308 A US00235308 A US 00235308A US 3801165D A US3801165D A US 3801165DA US 3801165 A US3801165 A US 3801165A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
film
frame
fluid
conduit
male
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00235308A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Lombard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CENTRE D ETUDES RECHERCHES MACHINE OUTIL FR
RECH MACHINE OUTIL CENTRE D ET
Original Assignee
RECH MACHINE OUTIL CENTRE D ET
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7110978A external-priority patent/FR2130997A5/fr
Application filed by RECH MACHINE OUTIL CENTRE D ET filed Critical RECH MACHINE OUTIL CENTRE D ET
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Publication of US3801165A publication Critical patent/US3801165A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
    • F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
    • F16C32/0644—Details of devices to control the supply of liquids to the bearings
    • F16C32/0648—Details of devices to control the supply of liquids to the bearings by sensors or pressure-responsive control devices in or near the bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/02—Sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C29/025—Hydrostatic or aerostatic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
    • F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
    • F16C32/0651—Details of the bearing area per se
    • F16C32/0655—Details of the bearing area per se of supply openings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for supporting a body on a structure, employing a film of pressurised fluid, constituted by a conduit feeding pressurised fluid, which connects said film to a source of pressurised fluid, whilst a restriction is disposed on said conduit, wherein the structure is constituted by a main frame which comprises a cavity and by a male element which is introduced into said cavity and is delimited by a male surface which reproduces, at least partly, the female surface delimiting the cavity, said male surface of the element is constituted by a wall which is at least partly inclined with respect to the straight line perpendicular to the central zone of the film and the male element is coupled with the main frame of the structure by a link means adjusting its position with respect to said frame in a direction substantially perpendicular to the central zone of the fluid film, whilst the restriction is constituted by the space between
  • the present invention relates to new arrangements which make it possible to produce support devices employing a fluid film such as, in particular, slideways and bearings, whether the fluids used are compressible or not.
  • Support by fluid film consists in introducing a pressurised fluid between two pieces; a restriction may furthermore be disposed on the supply conduit which connects the film to a source of pressurised fluid.
  • the assembly of the support devices generally comprises a plurality of circuits which should theoretically be identical but their respective restrictions are difficult to adjust.
  • the invention proposes a device of this type for supporting a body on a structure by means of at least one film of pressurised fluid, said device being constituted by a conduit supplying pressurised fluid, which connects said film to a source of pressurised fluid, whilst a restriction is disposed on said conduit.
  • the structure is constituted by a main frame which I comprises a cavity and by a male element, which is introduced in said cavity and is delimited by a male surface, which reproduces, at least partially, the female surface delimiting the cavity.
  • Said male surface of the element is constituted by a wall which is at least partly inclined with respect to the straight line perpendicular to the central zone of the film, whilst the male element is coupled to the main frame of the structure by a'link means for adjusting its position with respect to said frame in a direction substantially perpendicular to the central zone of the fluid film.
  • the restriction is then constituted by the space between said inclined wall of the element and the main frame of the structure.
  • the link means coupling the male element to the main frame is constituted by a disc interposed between the base of said male element, substantially parallel to the central zone of the film, and the base of the cavity, and by a means, known per se, for connecting the male element, the disc and the main frame.
  • the conformation of the adjusting link means depends upon the value of the thickness of the fluid film.
  • Said link means is therefore often constituted by an elastic membrane fixed to the main frame and the male element is integral with a face of said link, whilst the action of the elastic membrane on said male element is antagonistic to that of the variation of the pressure of the fluid of the film.
  • the male element which comprises a first face disposed opposite the fluid film and a second face opposite the first, maybe such that said second face delimits with the main frame a chamber, whilst said element is guided in said main frame by guide means known per se, and a connecting conduit places said chamber in communication with the film of fluid, a second restriction being disposed on said connecting conduit.
  • a single male element is coupled to the main frame.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 are sections of support devices according to the invention in various variant embodiments.
  • a body 1 is supported on a structure 2 by means of a film 3 of pressurised fluid.
  • a conduit 4 connects the delivery of a fluid pump 5 provided with a pressure regulator 26, to the film 3.
  • the pump 5 has its suction connected by a conduit 6 to a fluid tank 7.
  • the structure 2 comprises a main frame 8 in which a cavity 9 is arranged.
  • a male element 10 is disposed inside the cavity 9 and is delimited by walls 11, by a base 12, opposite the fluid film 3 and by a face 13 which is disposed opposite a substantially flat zone 3a, of said film 3.
  • the central zone 3a of the film 3 is shaped to conform with the function to be fulfilled and may, for example, be flat, cylindrical or spherical.
  • the walls 11 are inclined with respect to the straight line 14, which is perpendicular to the zone 3a of the film 3.
  • the walls 11 are male surfaces which substantially reproduce the surfaces opposite the cavity 9.
  • a disc 15 of given thickness is interposed between the base 12 of the element 10 and the base 16 of the cavity 9, whilst a screw 17 connects the element 10 and the disc 15 with the frame 8.
  • a space 18 is made between the element 10 and the frame 8.
  • the conduit 4 opens out into this space 18 and, through said space 18, opens out into the fluid film 3.
  • the section of passage of the space 18, measured at right angles to the walls 1 1, along a plane parallel to the zone 30 of the film 3, is however small so that the space 18 acts as a restriction for the conduit 4.
  • the walls 11 converge towards the zone 3a.
  • the element 10 is truncated in sahpe so that, in FIG. 1, the small base of the conical frustum is constituted by face 13.
  • FIG. 2 the same constituents are found as in FIG. 1, except that the element 10 which is still constituted by a conical frustum, has its small base merged with its base 12.
  • the disc 15 is eliminated and the height of the male element 10 is chosen accordingly.
  • the element is no longer fixed to the base 16 of the cavity 9 by a screw 17 with the interposition of a disc 15, but is rendered integral with an elastic membrane 19 which is fixed, by its periphery 19a wedged between two parts of the frame 8, on said frame.
  • the membrane 19 is fastened to the frame in substantially sealed manner.
  • the element 10 being fixed to a face 20 of said membrane 19, this latter delimits, with the frame 8, by means of its face 21 opposite the face 20, a chamber 22 which is connected to the atmosphere by a conduit 23 arranged in the frame 8.
  • the action of the membrane 19, on the element 10 is, during the operation of the device, antagonistic of that of the variation in pressure of the fluid of the film 3.
  • the membrane 19 tends, on the contrary, to neutralize this tendency, and to oppose the separation of said element 10.
  • FIG. 4 shows the arrangements already described with regard to FIG. 3.
  • the membrane 19 in the embodiment of FIG. 3 has two main functions, on the one hand elastic return of the element 10 and on the other hand holding said element 10 in position and guiding it in the cavity 9, it has, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, only one main role: that of holding and guiding.
  • this function may be considered as being secondary.
  • it is indispensable in the embodiments similar to those of FIG. 4, to provide means for guiding the element 10 in the cavity 9, which means are constituted in the present case by the membrane 19, it is not necessary to provide an elastic return by means of a mechanical spring such as said membrane.
  • the chamber 22 was constituted by connecting the element 10 to the frame 8 by a sealed, but not necessarily elastic envelope, in the present case by membrane 19, and as said element 10 is guided in cavity 9, in the present case likewise by membrane 19, the base of said element 10 is subjected to the action of a hydrostatic spring connected to the fluid film 3.
  • a conduit 24 connects the chamber 4a, into which the conduit 4 opens out, to the chamber 22 and opens out into said chamber 22 opposite the base 12 of the element 10.
  • a restriction 25 is disposed on said conduit 24.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are similar to the embodiment of FIG. 4, except that in the case of FIG. 5, the conduit 24 is arranged in the element 10 itself, andconnects the central zone 3a of the film 3 to the chamber 22, whilst, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the conduit 24 directly connects the film 3 to said chamber 22.
  • FIG. 7 refers to the case of the body I having to be supported on the structure 2 by two bearings 1b and 1c.
  • two fluid films 3b and 3c are created, fed respectively by conduits 4b and 40.
  • FIG. 3 by adopting an embodiment similar to that of FIG. 3, there is advantage in resorting to only one single element 10, guided and elastically returned by a single membrane 19, but having two faces 13b and 130, which are disposed opposite films 3b and respectively.
  • the space 18, which is disposed on the conduit 4 which connects the pump 5 to the film 3 of fluid under pressure is in direct communication with the fluid 3 and is therefore located as near as possible to this film, as is advantageous in the technique of support by fluid film.
  • the proximity of the space 18 to the film 3 does not hinder the adjustment of the value of the restriction constituted by said space.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 2 may sometimes be preferred in order to effect the adjustment of the restriction constituted by the space 18, by an action on the disc 15 opposite that of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the value of the restriction could be adjusted by judiciously selecting the height of the male element 10, without interposing the disc 15.
  • the adjustment by means of the disc 15 remains advantageous due to its easy production.
  • the adjustment of the restriction constituted by the space 18 is invariable during the functioning of the support device.
  • one of the embodiments of FIGS. 3 to 7 will be chosen.
  • the position of the element 10 in the cavity 9 may obviously be adjusted, in manner known per se, by means of a hydrostatic return spring. This is what has been adopted in the embodiments of FIGS. 4 to 6, in combination with the elastic return due to membrane 19. It may be specified on this subject that, in accordance with the known performances of the hydrostatic springs, very considerable tightness may be obtained for the return force of the element 10, as has been confirmed by calculation and experiments on the embodiments produced. An excellent regulation of the thick ness of the fluid film 3 and a very good quality support are consequently obtained. By way of indication, it will be noted that the restriction of the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6 could, as a variant, be eliminated.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 7 is advantageous by the small number of pieces that it comprises, and by its ease to be constituted.
  • the gist of the invention consists in rendering the element and the frame 8 adjustable in position with respect to one another, but that it is of little importance whether it is the frame 8 or element 10 which is fixed with respect to the film 3.
  • a support device including a structure comprising a frame and a male member, whereby said structure is adapted to support a body by means of a film of pressurized fluid, said device further including:
  • said frame having a cavity, a wall of said cavity defining a female surface
  • said male member being movably received in said cavity; a surface of said male member defining a male surface reproducing said female surface, said male surface comprising a wall which is at least partially inclined with respect to a straight line perpendicular to the central zone of the film, said male member having opposing first and second faces, said first face being positioned for contact with said film;
  • a link means coupling said male member to said frame and adapted to adjust the position of said male member with respect to said frame in a direction substantially perpendicular to said central zone of said film, said link means comprising an elastic membrane wherein one face of said membrane is affixed integrally with at least a portion of the second face of said male member, said elastic membrane being resiliently deformable with respect to said frame in said substantially perpendicular direction in response to variation in thickness of said film, the action of said elastic membrane on said male member opposing that of the variation of pressure of said pressurized fluid on said film;
  • Support device according to claim 1, wherein said body comprises two distinct substantially parallel walls, opposite each of which is disposed a film of fluid, and wherein a single male element is coupled to said main frame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
US00235308A 1971-03-29 1972-03-16 Support device employing a fluid film Expired - Lifetime US3801165A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7110978A FR2130997A5 (es) 1971-03-29 1971-03-29

Publications (1)

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US3801165A true US3801165A (en) 1974-04-02

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US00235308A Expired - Lifetime US3801165A (en) 1971-03-29 1972-03-16 Support device employing a fluid film

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US (1) US3801165A (es)
BE (1) BE779833A (es)
CH (1) CH546899A (es)
ES (1) ES400702A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1335526A (es)
IT (1) IT952910B (es)
NL (1) NL7202544A (es)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2340470A1 (fr) * 1976-02-07 1977-09-02 Polysius Ag Appui hydrostatique et palier hydrostatique constitue par plusieurs appuis
US4457566A (en) * 1978-05-17 1984-07-03 National Research Development Corporation Bearings
US4486105A (en) * 1982-02-05 1984-12-04 President Of Osaka University Supersonic externally pressurized gas bearing
US4717263A (en) * 1985-07-26 1988-01-05 Compact Spindle Bearing Corporation Gas bearing
US5014581A (en) * 1989-07-12 1991-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Apparatus for machining
US20100142868A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2010-06-10 Brown Robert C Gas journal bearing systems and related methods
CN103047285A (zh) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-17 浙江工业大学 气悬浮无摩擦旋转供气装置
US20130108192A1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-02 Jtekt Corporation Variable flow-rate hydrostatic bearing
CN106545575A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-29 北京工业大学 一种多油孔分布式静压圆形油垫
CN107299939A (zh) * 2017-04-09 2017-10-27 北京工业大学 一种带圆角的扇形腔静压回转台油垫
CZ307730B6 (cs) * 2017-01-23 2019-04-03 Vysoká Škola Báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava Kluzné ložisko s regulačním prvkem
CN112049864A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2020-12-08 株式会社捷太格特 具备静压流体支承装置的机床
US11125272B2 (en) * 2016-04-05 2021-09-21 Fanuc Corporation Throttle unit and a static pressure bearing device equipped with the throttle unit, and a method of manufacturing a grooved block

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2598263B1 (en) * 2010-07-26 2019-01-09 Corts Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Fluid-leveled bearing plate

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2695199A (en) * 1947-10-27 1954-11-23 Sperry Corp Bearing
US2884282A (en) * 1955-03-16 1959-04-28 Nat Res Dev Bearings for rotating shafts which are lubricated by gas
US2964339A (en) * 1955-01-26 1960-12-13 Macks Elmer Fred Seal
US2976087A (en) * 1959-01-26 1961-03-21 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Variable pressure orifice
US3658393A (en) * 1969-08-21 1972-04-25 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Hydrostatic bearings

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2695199A (en) * 1947-10-27 1954-11-23 Sperry Corp Bearing
US2964339A (en) * 1955-01-26 1960-12-13 Macks Elmer Fred Seal
US2884282A (en) * 1955-03-16 1959-04-28 Nat Res Dev Bearings for rotating shafts which are lubricated by gas
US2976087A (en) * 1959-01-26 1961-03-21 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Variable pressure orifice
US3658393A (en) * 1969-08-21 1972-04-25 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Hydrostatic bearings

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IBM Tech. Disclosure Bulletin, Geoffrey A. Hotham. *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4099802A (en) * 1976-02-07 1978-07-11 Polysius Ag Hydrostatic bearing unit and a hydrostatic bearing assembly comprising several such bearing units
FR2340470A1 (fr) * 1976-02-07 1977-09-02 Polysius Ag Appui hydrostatique et palier hydrostatique constitue par plusieurs appuis
US4457566A (en) * 1978-05-17 1984-07-03 National Research Development Corporation Bearings
US4486105A (en) * 1982-02-05 1984-12-04 President Of Osaka University Supersonic externally pressurized gas bearing
US4717263A (en) * 1985-07-26 1988-01-05 Compact Spindle Bearing Corporation Gas bearing
US5014581A (en) * 1989-07-12 1991-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Apparatus for machining
US20100142868A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2010-06-10 Brown Robert C Gas journal bearing systems and related methods
US7918605B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2011-04-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Gas journal bearing systems and related methods
US20130108192A1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-02 Jtekt Corporation Variable flow-rate hydrostatic bearing
CN103047285A (zh) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-17 浙江工业大学 气悬浮无摩擦旋转供气装置
CN103047285B (zh) * 2012-12-31 2015-03-25 浙江工业大学 气悬浮无摩擦旋转供气装置
US11125272B2 (en) * 2016-04-05 2021-09-21 Fanuc Corporation Throttle unit and a static pressure bearing device equipped with the throttle unit, and a method of manufacturing a grooved block
CN106545575A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-29 北京工业大学 一种多油孔分布式静压圆形油垫
CZ307730B6 (cs) * 2017-01-23 2019-04-03 Vysoká Škola Báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava Kluzné ložisko s regulačním prvkem
CN107299939A (zh) * 2017-04-09 2017-10-27 北京工业大学 一种带圆角的扇形腔静压回转台油垫
CN112049864A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2020-12-08 株式会社捷太格特 具备静压流体支承装置的机床

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH546899A (fr) 1974-03-15
GB1335526A (en) 1973-10-31
NL7202544A (es) 1972-10-03
BE779833A (fr) 1972-06-16
IT952910B (it) 1973-07-30
ES400702A1 (es) 1975-01-01

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