US3801153A - Electroslag remelting apparatus for making metal ingots - Google Patents

Electroslag remelting apparatus for making metal ingots Download PDF

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Publication number
US3801153A
US3801153A US00163051A US3801153DA US3801153A US 3801153 A US3801153 A US 3801153A US 00163051 A US00163051 A US 00163051A US 3801153D A US3801153D A US 3801153DA US 3801153 A US3801153 A US 3801153A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
slag
melting vessel
electrode
ingot mold
mold
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00163051A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Holzgruber
P Machner
O Kleinhagauer
J Matzer
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Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
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Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting

Definitions

  • each U-S-Cfilof has a predetermined working range Mean's [5 1 B d a provided for electrically connecting each of i [58] Field of Search 164/52 electrode holders to a transformer.
  • a cooled ingot /10 15 mold of metal is disposed within the working range of 5 R t said electrode holders and has a cooled mold bottom.
  • e erences and A slag-melting vessel is adapted to be disposed within UNITED STATES PATENTS the working range of at least one of said electrode 2,380,238 7/1945 Hopkins 164/136 holders and has cooled metal walls. This vessel has a 2,385,206 9/1945 Hopkins smaller cross-sectional area than the ingot mold. 1 1 10/1964 Hopkins Means are provided for transferring liquid slag from 3,587,715 6/1971 Holzgruber et a1.
  • 164/252 the slag melting vessel to the ingot mold 3,589,434 6/1971 Kleinhagauer ct a1. 164/273 R 3,523,995 8/1970 Tulin et a1. 164/252 5 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures :ATENYEB APR 2 I974 sum 1 OF 2 PATENIEUAPR 2 mm 35301153 SHEEI 2 0F 2 EL ECTROSLAG REMELTING APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL INGOTS BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates to an electroslag remelting apparatus for making metal ingots, preferably of steel, which apparatus comprises at least two vertically slidable electrode holders, which are connected, or adapted to be connected in alternation, to one and the same transformer, a cooled ingot mold of metal disposed adjacent to electrode folders, and a cooled ingot mold bottom.
  • Electroslag remelting apparatus generally comprises only one transformer, a fusible electrode, an electrode carrying arm, which is slidable along a column and provided with an electrode holder, a cooled ingot mold of metal, a cooled ingot mold bottom, and electric leads which connect the transformer to the fusible electrode and the ingot mold bottom.
  • an electric arc is formed between the remelting electrode and a plate which rests on the ingot mold bottom and consists of a material similar to that of the ingot to be formed, and granular, premelted slag is added to form a slag bath.
  • the electrode begins to fuse too.
  • the melting of the electrode results in a high contamination of the lower end of the ingot with unmolten slag so that a large portion of the ingot is not suitable for further processing.
  • the process can be carried out by an apparatus which is provided with only one column and one electrode-carrying arm and in which both electrodes are suspended from one and the same carrying arm one beside the other.
  • the ingot mold for melting the slag is disposed first under the non-consumable electrode when it is desired to melt the slag and the ingot mold is subsequently pushed under the remelting electrode.
  • the process has the disadvantage that the melting of the slag takes a very long time and the slag cannot be melted completely if ingot molds are used which are large in diameter as the nonconsumable electrodes are relatively thin.
  • a slag-melting vessel which is disposed in the working range lateral displacement of at least one electrode holder and which has cooled metal walls and a cross-sectional area which is smaller than the ingot mold, and means for transferring liquid slag from the slag-melting vessel into the ingot mold.
  • one of the cooled metal walls is inclined rather than vertical in such a manner that the cross-sectional area of the slag-melting vessel is larger on top than on the bottom.
  • the slag-melting vessel is preferably provided with a cover of refractory bricks, which cover has an aperture for the electrode.
  • the bottom or hearth of the slag-melting vessel may consist in known manner of a tamped carbon composition, and the lower end of each metal wall may lie entirely or in part on the outer edge of the layer of the tamped carbon composition.
  • the means for transferring liquid slag from the slagmelting vessel into the ingot mold includes preferably a car which carries the slag-melting vessel and is adapted to move the slag-melting vessel close to the ingot mold, and a tilting device for tilting the slagmelting vessel.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation and
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view showing an electroslag remelting apparatus according to the invention.
  • the electroslag remelting apparatus comprises two vertical columns I, l.
  • a guide member 2, 2 is vertically slidably mounted on each of these columns.
  • An arm 3 or 3' is mounted on each of said guide members for a horizontal rotational movement.
  • An electrode holder 4, 4 provided with gripping jaws for the electrodes 5, 5 is mounted at the outer ends of the arms 3, 3'.
  • the two electrode holders 4, 4' are pivotally movable about the respective columns along an arc each of a circle.
  • the cooled ingot mold 6 provided with the ingot mold bottom 7 is disposed under the intersection of these two arcs. Remelting electrodes can be remelted in alternation in the ingot mold by means of the two electrode holders.
  • an ingot which is much longer than the ingot mold may be made from a plurality of remelting electrodes.
  • a slag-melting vessel having cooled metal walls, such as is used with slag-melting furnaces, is used in the working range of the electrode holder 4 and sufficiently spaced from the ingot mold 6. It consists of refractory lined cover 9, an
  • the slag-melting vessel stands on a car which has a superstructure 16 carrying a spout 17 and the bearings 19 about which the slag-melting vessel 12 is tiltable by means of a hydraulic cylinder 18.
  • the apparatus according to the invention has the following mode of operation.
  • the ingot produced thereby is removed and the ingot mold 6 and the bottom plate 7 are prepared for the next following remelting operation.
  • the slag is melted which is required for the next remelting operation.
  • the slag-melting vessel and the electrode holder 4 are in the position shown.
  • a nonconsumable electrode 5, e.g., of graphite, is suspended in the electrode holder 4.
  • An electric connection, not shown, is established from the output terminals of a single-phase transformer to the electrode holder 4 and the plate 13, the electrode 5 is lowered to strike an electric are between the electrode and bottom, and the slag constituents are added.
  • the slag-melting vessel is relatively narrow and the entire power output of the transformer is available for melting the slag, the slag is melted within very short time.
  • the electrode 5 is raised, the electrical connection to the transformer is broken, and the slagmelting vessel on the car is emptied into the ingot mold. The car is then retracted and the melting electrode 5' is lowered until it contacts the bath of slag so that the remelting operation carried out with this electrode begins.
  • the non-consumable electrode 5 is then replaced by a remelting electrode which corresponds to the electrode 5'.
  • the electrode holder 4' is raised and swung out.
  • the holder 4 provided with the new remelting electrode is swung in as soon as possible and is used to continue the remelting operation in the usual manner virtually without interruption.
  • electroslag-remelting apparatus which comprise at least two electrode holders which are connected or can be connected to the same transformer. These two holders may be mounted on a single carrying arm; in that case the slag-melting vessel is in its melting position under the electrode holder from which the non-consumable electrode can be suscolumns are suspended from cranelike apparatus so' that they can be moved to any desired position within a certain range.
  • the invention may also be used with apparatus which comprise four columns or four holders to enable a simultaneous remelting of four electrodes.
  • the slag-melting vessel is disposed beside the ingot mold and the slag is melted by means of one or two of the four electrode holders by means of one or two non-fusible electrodes.
  • the remelting operation begins with the aid of only one or two remelting electrodes and is continued with four electrodes as soon as the non-fusible electrodes have been replaced by fusible electrodes.
  • An electroslag remelting apparatus for making ingots of metal, which apparatus comprises:
  • At least two vertically slidable electrode holders each of which has a predetermined working range of lateral displacement
  • a cooled metal ingot mold disposed within the working range of each of said electrode holders, which mold includes a cooled mold bottom;
  • a slag-melting vessel laterally spaced from said mold and disposed within the working range of lateral displacement of at least one of said electrode holders; which vessel includes cooled metal walls and has a smaller cross-sectional area than said ingot mold;
  • said melting vessel being in structural combination with means for transferring liquid slag from said slag-melting vessel into said ingot mold.
  • the ingot mold must be movable on wheels in such a manner that it can be moved fast enough under the other holder.
  • the invention can be used to special advantage in remelting apparatus which are provided with two separate columns to enable an alternate melting of electrodes, whether such columns are provided with pivoted arms or pivoted holders or whether the said slag-melting vessel includes a bottom which consists of a cooled metal plate said metal plate is covered by a layer of a tamped carbon composition, and
  • said cooled metal walls of said slag-melting vessel rest on said layer near its outer edge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
US00163051A 1970-07-20 1971-07-15 Electroslag remelting apparatus for making metal ingots Expired - Lifetime US3801153A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT657270A AT326845B (de) 1970-07-20 1970-07-20 Elektroschlacken-umschmelzvorrichtung zur herstellung von blöcken

Publications (1)

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US3801153A true US3801153A (en) 1974-04-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00163051A Expired - Lifetime US3801153A (en) 1970-07-20 1971-07-15 Electroslag remelting apparatus for making metal ingots

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3801153A (fr)
AT (1) AT326845B (fr)
CA (1) CA946031A (fr)
CH (1) CH561279A5 (fr)
CS (1) CS199230B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE2134223B2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2099468B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1355264A (fr)
PL (1) PL81835B1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA714803B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2420575A1 (fr) * 1978-03-22 1979-10-19 Heurtey Metallurgie Perfectionnement apportes aux installations de refusion sous laitier electroconducteur
DE3901297C2 (de) * 1989-01-18 1997-03-20 Leybold Ag Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzanlage mit einer Kokille und einer Haube
CN111570747A (zh) * 2020-07-03 2020-08-25 沈阳航空航天大学 一种组合模可调换的连续铸造装置及其使用方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2380238A (en) * 1944-01-21 1945-07-10 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing cast metal bodies
US2385206A (en) * 1943-05-13 1945-09-18 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing metal bodies
US3152372A (en) * 1959-12-10 1964-10-13 Firth Sterling Inc Method and apparatus for producing improved alloy metal
DE1807042A1 (de) * 1967-11-06 1969-07-24 Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag Anlage zum Elektroumschmelzen von Metallen,insbesondere von Staehlen
GB1200278A (en) * 1967-12-14 1970-07-29 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Improvements in or relating to the electro-slag remelting of metals
US3523995A (en) * 1967-02-28 1970-08-11 Nikolai Alexeevich Tulin Installation for casting metal with the electroslag refining thereof
US3589434A (en) * 1967-11-06 1971-06-29 Otmar Kleinhagauer Installations for electrically remelting metals
US3658119A (en) * 1968-04-03 1972-04-25 Airco Inc Apparatus for processing molten metal in a vacuum

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1541666A (fr) * 1967-04-12 1968-10-11 Ass Elect Ind Procédé et dispositif d'affinage de métal à électrode consommable sous laitier

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2385206A (en) * 1943-05-13 1945-09-18 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing metal bodies
US2380238A (en) * 1944-01-21 1945-07-10 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing cast metal bodies
US3152372A (en) * 1959-12-10 1964-10-13 Firth Sterling Inc Method and apparatus for producing improved alloy metal
US3523995A (en) * 1967-02-28 1970-08-11 Nikolai Alexeevich Tulin Installation for casting metal with the electroslag refining thereof
DE1807042A1 (de) * 1967-11-06 1969-07-24 Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag Anlage zum Elektroumschmelzen von Metallen,insbesondere von Staehlen
US3589434A (en) * 1967-11-06 1971-06-29 Otmar Kleinhagauer Installations for electrically remelting metals
GB1200278A (en) * 1967-12-14 1970-07-29 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Improvements in or relating to the electro-slag remelting of metals
US3587715A (en) * 1967-12-14 1971-06-28 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Plant for producing ingots differing in size by an electric remelting of metal
US3658119A (en) * 1968-04-03 1972-04-25 Airco Inc Apparatus for processing molten metal in a vacuum

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Potential of Electroslag Refining, Metals 2(10) Mar. 1967. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CS199230B2 (en) 1980-07-31
CA946031A (en) 1974-04-23
FR2099468B1 (fr) 1975-02-07
AT326845B (de) 1975-12-29
CH561279A5 (fr) 1975-04-30
PL81835B1 (fr) 1975-10-31
ZA714803B (en) 1972-04-26
GB1355264A (en) 1974-06-05
FR2099468A1 (fr) 1972-03-17
DE2134223A1 (de) 1972-01-27
ATA657270A (de) 1975-03-15
DE2134223B2 (de) 1973-09-06

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