US3798954A - Method and apparatus for producing metal tubes by extrusion of a hollow billet - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing metal tubes by extrusion of a hollow billet Download PDF

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Publication number
US3798954A
US3798954A US00200002A US20000271A US3798954A US 3798954 A US3798954 A US 3798954A US 00200002 A US00200002 A US 00200002A US 20000271 A US20000271 A US 20000271A US 3798954 A US3798954 A US 3798954A
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United States
Prior art keywords
billet
die
mandrel
tube
opening
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00200002A
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English (en)
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A Asari
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, rods or tubes
    • B21C23/085—Making tubes

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Metal tubes are produced by extruding a hollow billet through an annular die opening defined by a die and a movable rod-shaped mandrel having a larger length than the tube to be produced, and by feeding the mandrel rod through the die together with the tube as it is being formed so that the tube as produced has the mandrel rod disposed therein along 'its entire length, whereby damage to the inner surface of the tube caused by scratching due to relative movement of the mandrel therewith is avoided and tubes having improved inner surface characteristics are obtained.
  • the mandrel which forms the inside surface of-the tube moves relatively over the inside surface thereof as the tube is being formed by extrusion in such a scraping manner that the life of the mandrel is shortened due to frictional wear thereof.
  • the finished condition 'of the inside surface of the tube is relatively poor because of scratches and other faults produced by the relative sliding with fric tion between the inside surface of the tube and the mandrel.
  • a lubricant to the boundary of the billet and the mandrel, with the lubricant being selected from any one of a number of suitable materials according to the material from which the billet is constructed, such as, for example, glass powder for billets which are made of steel or titanium, zirconium or aluminum alloys.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing metal tubes by extruding a hollow billet through a die 'with the help of a cooperating mandrel, which is not complex and does not require strict control, yet is capable of producing such tubes having innerv surface characteristics of improved quality.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for. practicing the method described immediately hereinbefore.
  • an improved method of producing metal tubes comprising the steps of preparing a hollow billet having. a central through opening of predetermined dimensions, extruding the hollow billet through an annular die opening defined by a die and a movable rod-shaped mandrel having a length greater than that of the tube being produced, feeding the mandrel rod through the die in accordance with the extrusion of the tube, and removing the mandrel rod from the tube after the tube has been completely extruded.
  • the mandrel which cooperates with the die to define an annular opening through which a tube is extruded from a hollow billet is a rod of a greater length than thetube being produced and is fed through the die together with the tube as it is extruded from the die, such that the tube is always accompanied by the mandrel rod, substantially no relative sliding occurs between the inside surface of the tube and the mandrel over the whole length of the tube, and thereby scratches'or other faults on the inside surface of the tube due to such relative sliding or friction between the tube and the mandrel are substantially avoided.
  • tubes produced by the method of this invention have a very high quality of inside surface characteristics.
  • the extrusion plant for carrying out the process according to this invention is very simplified and can readily be automated, to thereby further improve the productivity of the plant.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing the layout of a tube extrusion plant for practicing the method DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS
  • a billet extrusion press 1 as explained in detail hereinbelow is provided for extruding a tube 2 therefrom in the state in which a mandrel rod is yet disposed therein onto a runout table 3.
  • the tubes placed on the table 3 are then transferred to a cooling table 4, where they may be cooled for a sufficient period of time to attain a required temperature without regard to the operation cycle of the extrusion press 1.
  • the cooled tubes 2 are fed to a mandrel stripper 5 of the push-bench or reeler type, which itself is known in the art.
  • the strippers S of the character described are conventionally used to draw out a core or other rod-like element from a tubular element, and generally accomplish their purposes without any difficulty and without causing scratches or other faults on the inside surface of the tubular element.
  • the stripper of the reeler type which employs pairs of cooperating skewed rollers, especially can be favorably employed for the present purpose of drawing the mandrel rod out from the extruded tube, by arranging a number of pairs of cooperating skewed rollers corresponding to the length of the tube.
  • the tubes 2 are transferred from the mandrel stripper 5 to a suitable product storing station, not shown, while the mandrelrods are returned to a mandrel feed table 6, where they are further cooled and prepared for their next use in the extrusion process.
  • FIG. 1 In the layout'drawing schematically shown in FIG. 1, other equipment related .to the billet extrusion press 1 are shown, such as billet heating furnaces 7, 8, 9, l0 and 1 l, a transfer device 12 for charging billets into the billet heating furnaces and another transfer device 13 for discharging the billets from the furnaces and feeding them to the billet extrusion press 1.
  • a water pump 14 is provided for cooling the extruded tubes, mandrels and other equipment.
  • Other parts of the plant which are shown include a water storage tank. 15, a compressor l6, compressed air accumulators 17, a main stop valve 18, control valves 19, a low pressure tank 20, oilhydraulic units 21-, a control room 22 and motors 23.
  • a billet container 37 Adjacent the die holder 33 there is provided a billet container 37 defining a billet chamber 38 in which is charged a hollow billet 39 being preformed to present a central opening which is adapted to allow penetration of a mandrel rod 40 therethrough.
  • the billet container 37 is supported by a container holder 41, which in turn is supportedby one end of a pair of press columns 42 mounted on the platen 34.
  • the columns 42 guide a cross head 43 having a stem portion 44 extending therefrom to be received in the billet chamber 38- for applying a compression force to the billet 39 charged therein through a disk 45.
  • the central portion of the crosshead 43 is'constituted as a piston-cylinder assembly including a movable element 46 presenting a shear mandrel 47 at its forward end and a piston 48 at its rear portion, which is disposed in a cylinder chamber 49 formed in the crosshead 43 for driving the movable element 46 with respect to the crosshead.
  • a movable element 46 presenting a shear mandrel 47 at its forward end and a piston 48 at its rear portion, which is disposed in a cylinder chamber 49 formed in the crosshead 43 for driving the movable element 46 with respect to the crosshead.
  • a through opening 50 adapted to allow feeding of the mandrel rod 40 therethrough.
  • the crosshead 43 is movable along the columns 42 by rams S1 being actuated by supplying pressure to cylinders 52, and can be retracted to open the billet chamber 38 for charging a billet therein or moved forward to apply a compression force to the billet charged in the billet chamber.
  • Reference numeral 53 designates a series of mandrel transfer rollers which carry the mandrel rod 40 and feed it according to the progress of the extrusion process.
  • the billet extrusion press shown in FIG. 3. is almost identical with the press shown in FIG. 2, except that in the press shown in FIG. 3, the billet container 37 is carried by the crosshead 43 through the container holder 41, which in this case is integrally formed as a part of the crosshead 43, and the die 3i is supported by a stem 7 press, the billet 39 is slid within the billet container 37 as the extrusion proceeds, while in the latter press, the billet 39 is kept substantially unmoved with respect to the billet container 37 and the die 31 is slid over the wall of the billet chamber 38.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show the starting, intermediate and ending conditions, respectively, of an extrusion process being carried out with the press shown in FIG. 2.
  • the billet 39 is charged in the billet chamber 38 with the crosshead 43 first being sufficiently retracted to open the chamber 38, and then the disk 45 is engaged and the crosshead 43 is moved forward to advance the disk 45 to be in close contracting relation with the billet.
  • the shear mandrel 47 is so retracted with respect to the stem portion 44 of the crosshead that it applies no shearing force to the billet.
  • the mandrel rod 40 is fed through the opening 50 of the movable element 46 in the crosshead 43 and the central opening of the billet 39 until the forward end thereofjust penetrates the opening in the die assembly 30, to attain the starting position shown in FIG. 4.
  • the cylinders 52 are actuated to advance the crosshead 43 and apply a compression force to the billet 39, whereby the billet is extruded through the annular opening defined by the die assembly 30 and the mandrel rod 40 to form the tube 36.
  • the mandrel rod 40 accompanies the tube 36 with no substantial sliding motion occurring therebetween, and it also is fed out of the die opening as shown in FIG. 5, or FIGS. 2 and 3, wherein the annular die opening at each instant is provided by the die inner periphery and each corresponding portion of the mandrel rod.
  • the cylinder 49 in the cross head 43 is actuated to advance the shear mandrel 47 with respectto the stem portion 44 and into the die opening, as shown in FIG. 6, whereby the end of the tube 36 is cut off from the remaining billet 39 which is disposed as a discard.
  • preparing a hollow billet having a central through opening of predetermined dimensions applying an external compression force to said hollow billet in an axial direction thereof across its annular cross-section for extruding said hollow billet through an annular die opening defined by a die and a rod-shaped mandrel having a greater length than that desired for a tube being produced; feeding said mandrel rod through said die with said tube being extruded so that substantially no relative motion occurs between said tube and said mandrel rod; cutting the rear end of the tube from the remaining billet by shearing in the axial direction of said'tube as said billet is being extruded through said die; and
  • a method according to claim 1 further comprischarging said hollow billet in a cylindrical chamber axially connected to said die opening; and moving said hollow billet with respect to the wall of said cylindrical chamber as awhole while applying said external compression vforce as the extrusion proceeds.
  • 3. A method according to claim 1, further comprischarging said hollow billetv in-a cylindrical chamber axially connected to said die opening maintaining said hollow billet substantially stationary with respect to the wall of said cylindrical chamber as a whole while applying said external compression force as the extrusion proceeds.
  • An apparatus for producing metal tubesby extruding a hollow billet through a die with a cooperating mandrel comprising:
  • a billet container having a cylindrical chamber for receiving a hollow billet
  • a rod-shaped mandrel of greater length than that de" sired of a tube to be produced being movably supported for movement in an axial direction through said billet chamber and said die opening for defining an annular opening between said die and said mandrel;
  • a shear mandrel being movable within said means for applying an axial compression force to said billet for applying a shearing force to an inner peripheral portion of said hollow billet in said cylindrical billet chamber as the same is being extruded through said annular opening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
US00200002A 1970-11-19 1971-11-18 Method and apparatus for producing metal tubes by extrusion of a hollow billet Expired - Lifetime US3798954A (en)

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JP10303070 1970-11-19

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US3798954A true US3798954A (en) 1974-03-26

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US (1) US3798954A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2157086A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2117109A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1352456A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4223548A (en) * 1978-03-23 1980-09-23 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Process and device for extruding hollow sections
WO2010000233A1 (de) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Tekfor Cologne Gmbh Herstellungsverfahren von rohrmaterial
WO2010115405A1 (de) * 2009-04-07 2010-10-14 Tekfor Cologne Gmbh Herstellungsverfahren von rohrmaterial
CN103121042A (zh) * 2013-02-06 2013-05-29 和龙双昊高新技术有限公司 铝合金无缝管冷挤成型装置
CN103143581A (zh) * 2013-02-06 2013-06-12 和龙双昊高新技术有限公司 冷状态挤压铝合金型材设备
US20130239640A1 (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-09-19 Shear Form, Inc. Processing of Hollow Sections
US9346089B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-05-24 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
US9364987B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-06-14 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Systems and methods for cooling extruded materials
US9545653B2 (en) 2013-04-25 2017-01-17 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
US9676016B2 (en) 2013-09-23 2017-06-13 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Systems and methods for drawing materials

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1285328A (en) * 1917-11-16 1918-11-19 George E Neuberth Machine for making seamless tubing of metal, pulp, or other materials.
GB370627A (en) * 1931-03-20 1932-04-14 Fielding & Platt Ltd Improvements in the production of tubes and other hollow sections by extrusion
GB395906A (en) * 1931-12-14 1933-07-27 Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag Improvements in or relating to presses for extruding metal tubes
US3191413A (en) * 1962-08-28 1965-06-29 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Extrusion apparatus with removable die insert

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1285328A (en) * 1917-11-16 1918-11-19 George E Neuberth Machine for making seamless tubing of metal, pulp, or other materials.
GB370627A (en) * 1931-03-20 1932-04-14 Fielding & Platt Ltd Improvements in the production of tubes and other hollow sections by extrusion
GB395906A (en) * 1931-12-14 1933-07-27 Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag Improvements in or relating to presses for extruding metal tubes
US3191413A (en) * 1962-08-28 1965-06-29 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Extrusion apparatus with removable die insert

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4223548A (en) * 1978-03-23 1980-09-23 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Process and device for extruding hollow sections
WO2010000233A1 (de) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Tekfor Cologne Gmbh Herstellungsverfahren von rohrmaterial
WO2010115405A1 (de) * 2009-04-07 2010-10-14 Tekfor Cologne Gmbh Herstellungsverfahren von rohrmaterial
US20130239640A1 (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-09-19 Shear Form, Inc. Processing of Hollow Sections
US11358197B2 (en) 2011-09-07 2022-06-14 Shear Form, Inc. Processing of hollow sections
US9776232B2 (en) * 2011-09-07 2017-10-03 Shear Form, Inc. Processing of hollow sections
US11305322B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2022-04-19 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
US9346089B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-05-24 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
US9364987B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-06-14 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Systems and methods for cooling extruded materials
US10478879B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2019-11-19 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
CN103121042A (zh) * 2013-02-06 2013-05-29 和龙双昊高新技术有限公司 铝合金无缝管冷挤成型装置
CN103143581A (zh) * 2013-02-06 2013-06-12 和龙双昊高新技术有限公司 冷状态挤压铝合金型材设备
US9545653B2 (en) 2013-04-25 2017-01-17 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
US10478878B2 (en) 2013-04-25 2019-11-19 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
US11318513B2 (en) 2013-04-25 2022-05-03 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Extrusion press systems and methods
US9676016B2 (en) 2013-09-23 2017-06-13 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Systems and methods for drawing materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1352456A (en) 1974-05-08
FR2117109A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-07-21
DE2157086A1 (de) 1972-06-15

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