US3798395A - Operating mechanism for tap changer switches - Google Patents

Operating mechanism for tap changer switches Download PDF

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Publication number
US3798395A
US3798395A US00304246A US3798395DA US3798395A US 3798395 A US3798395 A US 3798395A US 00304246 A US00304246 A US 00304246A US 3798395D A US3798395D A US 3798395DA US 3798395 A US3798395 A US 3798395A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
flywheel
gear wheel
diverter switch
tap changer
motion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00304246A
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English (en)
Inventor
F Johansson
S Norman
E Flytstrom
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ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3798395A publication Critical patent/US3798395A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H2003/3078—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor using an inertia element, e.g. a flywheel, to controll the energy released by the spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/44—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using Geneva movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms

Definitions

  • a tap changer for transformers includes a selector switch and a diverter switch.
  • the drive device for the switch includes a gear segment which drives a gear wheel mounted on a shaft which gear wheel also carries a slewing bracket on which is pivoted on a pivot pin a link which is connected to one end of a spring, the other end of which is stationary.
  • the gear wheel a a notch ext rtl ar tsp 'p y nt which the pivot pin extends so that the gear wheel can turn freely through a limited distance without affecting the spring.
  • On the same shaft is mounted a fly wheel which has an arcuate slot into which the pivot pin extends.
  • a braking arrangement is provided which holds the fly wheel against movement until it is forceably turned by the pivot pin.
  • the fly wheel carries a projection which engages in a Maltese cross arrangement for shifting the contacts of the diverter switch.
  • the invention relates to a tap changer for transformers which includes a selector switch and a diverter switch operated by a common drive device and including a spring arrangement for producing rapid switch movements of the diverter switch.
  • the tap changing operation is divided into two steps.
  • the selector is readjusted into the new position, one of the movable contacts of the selector connecting a winding tap to the free diverter switch contact.
  • this selector step is concluded, the switching of the diverter switch is effected. Since the diverter switch switches the whole load current, it is of great importance this switching be done rapidly, and above all it must not be done before the selector has concluded its motion.
  • the switching is therefore often effected with the help of a spring device which is stretched in the introductory state of the tap changing operation, preferably simultaneously with the motion of the selector.
  • the spring device is released and drives the diverter switch.
  • the machinery for transmission of motion from the driving device to the diverter switch comprises a gear wheel and a flywheel driven by the gear wheel. At least one of said wheels, and preferably both, are provided with free wheel devices which areadjusted in such a way that the flywheel, after a part of the tap changing operation determined by the adjustment of the free wheel devices, has turned to a position where it may be affected by the energy stored in the spring device in such a way that it is given a rapidly accelerating rotary motion which, through a swinging bracket, achieves switching of the diverter switch.
  • FIG. 1 shows the spring device with arrangements for stretching it.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section through FIG. 1 along the line II-II.
  • FIG. 3 shows the selector and the diverter switch with its drive device
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section through FIG. 3 along the line IV-IV,
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the device.
  • the tap changer is driven in known manner from a drive device, not shown, the shaft of which is designated l in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • a drive device not shown
  • the shaft of which is designated l in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • a disc 2 secured on the drive shaft 1, said disc supporting a bearing 3 for a draw bar 4 which is flexibly attached to an arm 5 of a toothed segment 6.
  • the toothed segment is journalled at its center 7.
  • the toothed segment is in engagement with a gear wheel 8 which is freely journalled on a shaft 9.
  • the gear wheel is provided on its underside with a sector-formed notch 10 extending approximately half the width of the gear wheel.
  • the notch is defined by two preferably radial stop surfaces 11 and I2.
  • a slewing bracket 13 is movably journalled on the shaft 9.
  • the slewing bracket supports on its right-hand part, as shown in the figures, a driving pin 14 which projects into the notch 10 and hits either of the stop surfaces 11 or 12 when the gear wheel is turned.
  • the driving pin also projects into a hole in a line 15 which is attached to one end of the spring device 16.
  • the other end of the spring device is attached to a second link 17 which is fixed to the stand of the tap changer.
  • FIG. 3 shows the selector 18 driven from the shaft 1 of the drive device.
  • the selector and its drive for example by means of a Maltese cross gearing, is well-known and comprises two selector contacts 19, 20, each attached to a slip ring 21 and 22 respectively.
  • the regulating winding 23 is shown with three taps 24, 25, 26.
  • a brush 27 bears against the slip ring 21 and is also connected to the one fixed contact 29 of the diverter switch.
  • a second brush 28 makes contact with the slip ring 22 and is connected to the second fixed contact 30 of the diverter switch.
  • a flywheel 31 is freely journalled on the stand of the spring device, as is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the flywheel is positioned below the slewing bracket 13 in FIG. 2 and so close to this bracket that the driving pin 14 engages in an arc-formed slot 32 in the flywheel.
  • the slot 32 together with the driving pin 14 constitutes a second free wheel device, the free wheel area of which is determined by the length of the slot.
  • the slot extends over an angle of approximately In the rest position of the device, the flywheel is in such a position that the driving pin 14 is approximately in the middle of the slot 32.
  • On the underside of the flywheel is a driving pin 33 which is arranged to fall into a slot 34 on a Maltese cross arm 35 journalled on a shaft 36.
  • the Maltese cross arm supports the movable contacts of the diverter switch comprising a main contact 37 and two auxiliary contacts 38 and 39. All three contacts are in known manner connected to each other by means of a bridging resistor 40 and to the fixed tap 41 of the diverter switch.
  • the oscillatory motions of the Maltese cross arm round its shaft are controlled by a boss 42 on the underside of the flywheel.
  • the flywheel is combined with a disc brake 43 cooperating with a brake disc in the form of a circular ring part 44 on each side of the flywheel at its periphery.
  • the brake comprises an upper brake block 45 journalled on a shaft 46 and a lower brake block 47 journalled at 48.
  • the upper brake block has a claw 49 bearing against the lower brake block and controlling its motion in dependence on the upper brake block.
  • a roll 50 is attached to the upper brake block, said roll rolling on a guide way on the upper side of the flywheel within the brake disc 44.
  • the guide way consists of two parts. One part 52 is lower and located on the part of the disc which is opposite to the brake in the rest position of the device.
  • the other art 51 is higher and covers the rest of the circumference of the guide way.
  • transitions 53 between the two parts are bevelled so that the roll 50 can roll from one part up on or down to the other part when the flywheel rotates.
  • the guide roll is on the lower part 52 and the disc is braked on account of the force with which the spring 54 draws the two brake blocks 45 and 47 against the brake discs 44 of the flywheel.
  • the brake releases its engagement and the flywheel is able to rotate freely.
  • the disc attached on the shaft 1 turns half a turn.
  • the selector contact in the stage selector 18 which is temporarily not current-carrying starts moving to its new position.
  • the segment 6 turns under the action of the draw bar 4 and the arm 5 and the gear wheel 8 start rotating counterclockwise. This rotation takes place without resistance until the stop surface 1 1 is brought into contact against the driving pin 14, and this distance is thus the free wheeling part of the motion of the gear wheel, and the notch 10 with the stop surfaces 11 and 12 constitute its free or lost notion device.
  • the roll 50 on the brake goes up on the high part 51 of the guideway, so that the brake is released and the flywheel is free.
  • the spring device now gives the flywheel a rapid counter-clockwise motion, which is possible partly because the flywheel is disengaged from the drive device of the gear wheel, partly because the brake has been released.
  • the driving pin 33 of the flywheel enters the slot 34 of the Maltese cross arm and swings the arm 35 rapidly from the position shown in FIG. 3 to the position where the main contact 37 of the arm lies on the fixed contact 29.
  • the momentum of the flywheel will carry it on to approximately the position shown in FIG. 3.
  • the flywheel is in the position where the brake engages again and brakes the flywheel.
  • the diverter switch is operated directly from the drive device since the gear wheel continues to rotate and drive the flywheel until the drive device has reached its second end position. Then the diverter switch has concluded its tap changing movement and entered for certain its definite working position and has been locked in this position by the Maltese cross arm and the boss 42 on the underside of the flywheel, just as in a normal switching.
  • the tap changer is also provided with equipment for manual switching in the event of a current interruption or readjustment of the tap changer for inspection and the like. As will appear from the description, the work when switching the diverter switch is facilitated because the flywheel is then unbraked.
  • the parts of the circumference of the flywheel where the brake is active and inactive, respectively, can easily be changed by making the low part 52 in the form of an encircling ring and the high part in the form of a circular ring of suitable extension.
  • the high part is riveted screwed on to the low part. If the holes in the high part are made longish, this part becomes adjustable and it will be easy to adjust the appropriate position for the engaging and disengaging of the brake.
  • a tap changer for transformers which comprises a selector switch and a diverter switch, a member (1) for operating said selector switch, means for transmitting movement of said member to said diverter switch for producing rapid movements thereof comprising gear wheel operatively connected to said member, a spring device operatively connected to said gear wheel to be tensioned and released thereby, a flywheel, a first lostmotion connection between said gear wheel and said flywheel, said first lost-motion connection allowing motion of said gear wheel with respect to said flywheel until substantially the beginning of the tensioning of said spring device and, upon release of said spring means, imparting motion to said flywheel, and means operatively connecting said flywheel to the diverter switch.
  • connection between said gear wheel and the spring device being a second lost motion connection.
  • said second lost-motion connection comprising a notch in said gear wheel, a part mounted to turn about the axis of rotation of said gear wheel, and a pin carried by said part and extending into said notch and operatively connected to said spring device.

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  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
US00304246A 1971-11-02 1972-11-06 Operating mechanism for tap changer switches Expired - Lifetime US3798395A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE13924/71A SE357279B (pt) 1971-11-02 1971-11-02
US30424672A 1972-11-06 1972-11-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3798395A true US3798395A (en) 1974-03-19

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ID=26655958

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00304246A Expired - Lifetime US3798395A (en) 1971-11-02 1972-11-06 Operating mechanism for tap changer switches

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3798395A (pt)
JP (1) JPS4853215A (pt)
AT (1) AT319409B (pt)
BE (1) BE790481A (pt)
DE (1) DE2252216A1 (pt)
GB (1) GB1400295A (pt)
SE (1) SE357279B (pt)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4207445A (en) * 1976-10-29 1980-06-10 Asea Aktiebolag On-load tap changer switch assembly
US4595806A (en) * 1983-12-08 1986-06-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha On-load tap changer
US4647731A (en) * 1984-07-04 1987-03-03 Ateliers De Constructions Electriques De Charleroi (Acec) Societe Anonyme Transformer crankshaft load selector
US4999598A (en) * 1989-07-18 1991-03-12 Onan Corporation Three-position actuating mechanism for transfer switch
US5523535A (en) * 1992-07-09 1996-06-04 Asea Brown Boveri Ab On-load tap changer
US5834717A (en) * 1995-03-24 1998-11-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer of a step switch
US6400244B1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2002-06-04 Alstom Control apparatus for electrical switchgear
US20080128257A1 (en) * 2005-10-08 2008-06-05 Gunter Kloth Mechanical Switching Contact
US20120103766A1 (en) * 2009-07-24 2012-05-03 Klaus Hoepfl On-load tap changer with energy storage mechanism
DE102011010392A1 (de) * 2011-02-05 2012-08-09 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
US20130199336A1 (en) * 2010-04-15 2013-08-08 Klaus Hoepel Indexing gear train for on-load tap changers of step transformers
WO2013164211A1 (de) 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Wähler für einen stufenschalter
CN103441015A (zh) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-11 广东正超电气有限公司 双电源进线负荷开关闭锁装置
US20130341166A1 (en) * 2011-03-12 2013-12-26 Wolfgang Albrecht On-load tap changer
DE102013107554A1 (de) * 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Lastwähler
CN113113246A (zh) * 2021-03-01 2021-07-13 北京航天控制仪器研究所 用于有载分接开关蓄能器的全程助推装置、蓄能器以及有载分接开关
US20220415586A1 (en) * 2019-07-01 2022-12-29 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Drive arrangement for a tap changer

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010007535B4 (de) * 2010-02-11 2017-12-21 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Freilaufelement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066208A (en) * 1958-12-08 1962-11-27 Wagner Electric Corp Tap changing apparatus
US3374320A (en) * 1965-11-02 1968-03-19 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Tap-changing device for transformers having load current diverter means and improved hydraulic follower mechanism therefor
US3597559A (en) * 1968-10-02 1971-08-03 Smit Nijemgen Electrotechnisch Geneva gear sectors mounted on a common shaft for the stepwise rotation of the switching contacts of rotary switches
US3689721A (en) * 1971-09-16 1972-09-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breaker including ratchet and pawl spring charging means and ratchet teeth damage preventing means

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066208A (en) * 1958-12-08 1962-11-27 Wagner Electric Corp Tap changing apparatus
US3374320A (en) * 1965-11-02 1968-03-19 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Tap-changing device for transformers having load current diverter means and improved hydraulic follower mechanism therefor
US3597559A (en) * 1968-10-02 1971-08-03 Smit Nijemgen Electrotechnisch Geneva gear sectors mounted on a common shaft for the stepwise rotation of the switching contacts of rotary switches
US3689721A (en) * 1971-09-16 1972-09-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breaker including ratchet and pawl spring charging means and ratchet teeth damage preventing means

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4207445A (en) * 1976-10-29 1980-06-10 Asea Aktiebolag On-load tap changer switch assembly
US4595806A (en) * 1983-12-08 1986-06-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha On-load tap changer
US4647731A (en) * 1984-07-04 1987-03-03 Ateliers De Constructions Electriques De Charleroi (Acec) Societe Anonyme Transformer crankshaft load selector
US4999598A (en) * 1989-07-18 1991-03-12 Onan Corporation Three-position actuating mechanism for transfer switch
US5523535A (en) * 1992-07-09 1996-06-04 Asea Brown Boveri Ab On-load tap changer
US5834717A (en) * 1995-03-24 1998-11-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer of a step switch
US6400244B1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2002-06-04 Alstom Control apparatus for electrical switchgear
US7683282B2 (en) * 2005-10-08 2010-03-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Mechanical switching contact
CN101080793B (zh) * 2005-10-08 2010-07-21 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 机械的转接触点
US20080128257A1 (en) * 2005-10-08 2008-06-05 Gunter Kloth Mechanical Switching Contact
US8748758B2 (en) * 2009-07-24 2014-06-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer with energy storage mechanism
US20120103766A1 (en) * 2009-07-24 2012-05-03 Klaus Hoepfl On-load tap changer with energy storage mechanism
US20130199336A1 (en) * 2010-04-15 2013-08-08 Klaus Hoepel Indexing gear train for on-load tap changers of step transformers
US8869641B2 (en) * 2010-04-15 2014-10-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Indexing gear train for on-load tap changers of step transformers
DE102011010392A1 (de) * 2011-02-05 2012-08-09 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
US9251971B2 (en) * 2011-03-12 2016-02-02 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer
US20130341166A1 (en) * 2011-03-12 2013-12-26 Wolfgang Albrecht On-load tap changer
DE102012103855A1 (de) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Wähler für einen Stufenschalter
DE102012103855B4 (de) * 2012-05-03 2016-01-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Wähler für einen Stufenschalter
WO2013164211A1 (de) 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Wähler für einen stufenschalter
US9305719B2 (en) 2012-05-03 2016-04-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Selector for a tap changer
DE102013107554A1 (de) * 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Lastwähler
DE102013107554B4 (de) * 2013-07-16 2016-05-19 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Lastwähler
CN103441015A (zh) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-11 广东正超电气有限公司 双电源进线负荷开关闭锁装置
CN103441015B (zh) * 2013-08-15 2015-03-18 广东正超电气有限公司 双电源进线负荷开关闭锁装置
US20220415586A1 (en) * 2019-07-01 2022-12-29 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Drive arrangement for a tap changer
US11984288B2 (en) * 2019-07-01 2024-05-14 Hitachi Energy Ltd Drive arrangement for a tap changer
CN113113246A (zh) * 2021-03-01 2021-07-13 北京航天控制仪器研究所 用于有载分接开关蓄能器的全程助推装置、蓄能器以及有载分接开关
CN113113246B (zh) * 2021-03-01 2023-11-10 北京航天控制仪器研究所 用于有载分接开关蓄能器的全程助推装置、蓄能器以及有载分接开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4853215A (pt) 1973-07-26
SE357279B (pt) 1973-06-18
BE790481A (fr) 1973-02-15
AT319409B (de) 1974-12-27
DE2252216A1 (de) 1973-05-10
GB1400295A (en) 1975-07-16

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