US3798297A - Method for spinning filaments which have been regenerated from a solution of cuprammonium cellulose and filaments produced thereby - Google Patents

Method for spinning filaments which have been regenerated from a solution of cuprammonium cellulose and filaments produced thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
US3798297A
US3798297A US00179415A US3798297DA US3798297A US 3798297 A US3798297 A US 3798297A US 00179415 A US00179415 A US 00179415A US 3798297D A US3798297D A US 3798297DA US 3798297 A US3798297 A US 3798297A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
coagulation
spinning
liquor
funnel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00179415A
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English (en)
Inventor
O Gallina
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Bemberg SpA
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Bemberg SpA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases or salts
    • D01F2/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases or salts from cuprammonium solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods

Definitions

  • a method for spinning cuprammonium yarns is disclosed in which the filaments, as they emerge from the spinneret are contacted by a downward fiow of a coagulation liquor (e.g. water) whose tension is adjusted to be virtually zero, then the filaments pass through a second area in which the filaments acquire a substantial tension due to their free falling while their diameter is substantially reduced, whereafter the filaments are passed through a third area where they are contacted by another discrete stream of coagulation liquor to complete the coagulation.
  • a coagulation liquor e.g. water
  • This invention relates to a method for spinning filaments which have been regenerated from a solution of cuprammonium cellulose, wherein the solution is extruded through the holes of a spinneret, and the as-formed filaments are caused to pass through a vertical funnel, in contact with a descending flow of a coagulation liquor, whereafter the thusly coagulated filaments emerge from the funnel and are thoroughly regenerated in an acidic bath.
  • Such a method is conventional.
  • the coagulation of the filaments in the coagulation funnel takes place gradually and uninterruptedly along the entire funnel length, from the instant where they come into contact with the descending stream of the coagulation liquor, that is, immediately below the spinneret, to the instant where they leave the funnel.
  • the tension of the filaments is gradually raised under the entraining action of the descending stream of the coagulation liquor and, inasmuch as the filaments are in a plastic state, a drawing of the filaments is also experienced, which is conducive to a gradual thinning of the diameter along the funnel.
  • the device for carrying out the conventional method is generally composed by a vertical cylindrical body, on whose top end a spinneret supporting member rests, which houses a spinneret having extrusion holes, and from whose bottom end, as closed by a flange, the end portion of a frustoconical spinning funnel emerges, which is contained in said cylindrical body and having the end with the larger cross-sectional area placed slightly beneath the spinneret, an inlet duct for the coagulation liquor flow being provided in the lower portion of the cylindrical body.
  • the conventional method has the drawback that the spinning velocity of the filaments should be limited, as a rule, to about 60-70 meters per minute, since at a higher speed a rapid decay of the principal physical properties of the filaments is experienced, such as the tensile strength and the elongation at break. It is surmised that such a disadvantage is directly connected with the above mentioned phenomenon of uninterrupted and gradual coagulation of the filaments.
  • the method according to the present invention consists in the fact that the as-extruded filaments are passed through a first incipient-coagulation area, where they enter into contact with a descending stream of a coagulation liquor whose rate of fiow (linear speed) is adjusted in such a way as to have a virtually non-existent tension of the filaments, whereas they substantially retain the diameter they had as they emerged from the spinneret, then they pass through a second area, consisting of a free space, through which the filaments are passed along with the coagulation liquor in a free fall thus acquiring a substantial tension, whereas their diameter is gradually reduced under the drawing action of the liquid fillet, and lastly the filaments are passed through a third area where they enter into contact with a new descending stream of coagulation liquor, whose rate of flow (linear speed) is adjusted so as to complete the coagulation of the filaments, whereas the tension thereof is raised up to the value which is desired for the final drawing of the filaments, whereafter the latter emerge from the
  • the rate of flow of the coagulation liquor such as water
  • the rate of flow of the coagulation liquor is adjusted in the first area consistently with the count of yarn which one desires to obtain and the number of filaments, but, at any rate, it should be such that the tension of the filaments is virtually nil.
  • Such a result is easily achieved by reducing to low values the rate of flow of the coagulation liquor and by properly selecting the path of the filaments along with the path of the liquor stream.
  • the first area is thus an area of incipient coagulation under a completely relaxed condition and is one of the distinctive elements of the present invention over the prior art.
  • such a rate of flow should be at least twice the rate of flow (linear speed) through the first area and the path of the filaments and the coagulation liquor therein will be selected accordingly.
  • the device for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises a vertical cylindrical body, on Whose top end rests a supporting member for a spinneret, in which a spinneret is mounted having extrusion holes, and from whose bottom end, closed by a flange, emerges the end portion of a frustoconical spinning funnel, contained in said cylindrical body, and is characterized in that the cylindrical body is internally partitioned into two sections by a flanged joint perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body, the upper section housing a first frustoconical spinning funnel, the bottom portion whereof penetrates through the flanged joint the lower section of the frustoconical body, where a second frustoconical spinning funnel is housed coaxially with the first funnel and spaced apart therefrom, the bottom portion of the second funnel emerging from the bottom end of the cylindrical body, separate induction ducts being provided for the individual coagulation liquor streams for each of the sections of said cylindrical body.
  • the length of the spinning funnel of the upper section of the cylindrical body is, with advantage, from 1.5 to 2.5 times the length of the funnel of the bottom section of the cylindrical body.
  • the large diameter, that is the one corresponding to the top end, of the spinning funnel of the lower section of the cylindrical body, is, with advantage, from 1.2 to 2.5 times the larger diameter of the tunnel of the top section of the cylindrical body.
  • the distance between the end portion of the spinning funnel of the upper section of the cylindrical body and the upper portion of the spinning funnel of the bottom section of the cylindrical body, that is, the one which corresponds to the free space portion of the second area according to the method of this invention, is, with advantage, from 0.2 to 1.5 times the length of the spinning funnel of the bottom section of the cylindrical body.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the device
  • FIG. 2 gives an overall view thereof, in side elevation.
  • the numeral 1 indicates the cylindrical body, which is preferably made of a transparent material.
  • the joint composed by the two flanges 2 and 2' divides the cylindrical body into two sections, the top and the bottom section, respectively.
  • the spinneret supporting member 3 On the top end of the cylindrical body 1 rests the spinneret supporting member 3, in whose chamber 4 the spinneret (not shown) is housed.
  • the lower end of the cylindrical body is closed by the flange 5 and the counterflange 5'.
  • the spinning funnel 6 also made of a transparent material, which is kept in position by the toroidal metal coil 7 and the gasket 8.
  • the bottom end of the spinning funnel 6 enters, as can be seen, the bottom portion of the cylindrical body 1.
  • the bottom section of the cylindrical body 1 houses the spinning funnel 9, also made of a transparent material, which is kept in place with the aid of the gasket 10.
  • the end portion of the spinning funnel 10 emerges from the lower end of the cylindrical body 1.
  • the coagulation liquor enters the top section of the cylindrical body 1 through the duct 11. Another stream of coagulation liquor enters the bottom section of the cylindrical body 1 through the duct 12.
  • a duct, 13 is formed, which establishes a communication between the bottom section of the cylindrical body 1 and the outside.
  • the task of such a conduit is the following.
  • Prior to starting the extrusion of the filaments therespective streams of coagulation liquor are caused to enter the respective ducts 12 and 11, whereas the end portion of the spinning funnel 9 is temporarily closed, for example with a plug.
  • the duct 13 is closed, for example with a plug; meanwhile, also the top section of the cylindrical body 1 has been filled with coagulation liquor. (Air is discharged by lifting the flange 3.)
  • the end portion of the spinning funnel 9 and the duct 13 are opened, while the extrusion of the filaments is simultaneously started.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the two sections of the cylindrical body 1, as well as the supporting member 3 and the flanges, 2, 2 and 5, 5 are assembled together. To simplify the showing, the interior of the cylindrical body 1 has not been shown.
  • the upper section of the cylindrical body 1 is connected to the lower section by the joint composed by the flanges 2 and 2'.
  • the latter by the agency of the ties 27, 28, 29 and the nuts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 is kept assembled not only with the top section, but also with the flange 5 and the counterflange 5. It can now be easily understood that, by such an arrangement, the cylindrical body 1, the supporting member 3, the flanges 2 and 2', the flanges 5 and 5 and the spinning funnels 6 and 9 can be readily disassembled and reunited for the necessary cleaning operations.
  • Upper spinning funnel larger diameter 30 mms., lesser diameter 6 mms., length 300 mms.
  • Lower spinning funnel larger diameter 38 mms., lesser diameter 6 mms., length mms.
  • the rate of flow of water in the upper spinning funnel was adjusted to 100 mls. per minute, whereas the rate of flow in the lower spinning funnel was adjusted to 500 mls. per minute.
  • the filaments were completely regenerated through a sulphuric-acid containing bath.
  • said treating of filaments with a coagulation liquid comprises the steps of moving as-extruded filaments into a first portion of a vertical path and simultaneously engaging the filaments with a first surrounded confined flowing stream of coagu lation liquor moving downwardly with said filaments at a linear speed wherein tensioning of the filaments is substantially non-existent, next allowing the partially treated filaments and a portion of the liquor to free fall along a second portion of the vertical path and the filaments to acquire a substantial tension to efiect a drawing of the filaments with an associated gradual reduction in diameter of the filaments, and then moving the filaments into a third portion of the vertical path and simultaneously engaging the filaments with a second surrounding confined fiowing stream of coagulation liquor of a flow time sufi
  • Apparatus for forming and treating filaments which have been regenerated from a cuprammonium solution comprising an upstanding hollow body having upper and lower ends and an intermediate partition dividing said body into upper and lower sections, means at said upper end for mounting a spinneret of the type having a plurality of extrusion holes therethrough, a first frustoconical spinning funnel mounted within said upper section and extending through said partition into said lower section, said first spinning funnel having an upper end spaced closely below said spinneret support means for receiving as-extruded filaments, means sealing said first spinning funnel relative to said partition and said first spinning funnel having an open lower end opening into said lower section, means for supplying a first coagulation liquor to said upper section at a rate to con tinuously fill said first spinning funnel and to effect flow through said first spinning funnel at a linear speed wherein tensioning of filaments passing down through said first spinning funnel is substantially nonexistent, means at said body lower end closing the same and supporting in sealed relation a second frustoconical spinning
  • Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the length of said first spinning funnel is from 1.5 to 2.5 times the length of said second spinning funnel and the distance between said first spinning funnel lower end to said second spinning funnel upper end is from 0.2 to 1.5 times the length of said second spinning funnel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US00179415A 1970-09-22 1971-09-10 Method for spinning filaments which have been regenerated from a solution of cuprammonium cellulose and filaments produced thereby Expired - Lifetime US3798297A (en)

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IT3006570 1970-09-22

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US3798297A true US3798297A (en) 1974-03-19

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US (1) US3798297A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5123606B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2147078B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5254303A (en) * 1990-02-16 1993-10-19 Akzo N.V. Method and device for manufacturing molded bodies
DE4004798A1 (de) * 1990-02-16 1991-08-22 Akzo Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkoerpern
DE19515136C2 (de) * 1995-04-25 1999-12-16 Ostthueringische Materialpruef Spinntrichter

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DE2147078B2 (de) 1976-09-09
DE2147078A1 (de) 1972-03-23
JPS5123606B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-07-17

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