US3792699A - Disposable swab unit - Google Patents

Disposable swab unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3792699A
US3792699A US00257850A US3792699DA US3792699A US 3792699 A US3792699 A US 3792699A US 00257850 A US00257850 A US 00257850A US 3792699D A US3792699D A US 3792699DA US 3792699 A US3792699 A US 3792699A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cap
swab
port
housing
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00257850A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Tobin
C Waldbillig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smiths Medical ASD Inc
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Medex Inc
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Filing date
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Instruments for taking body samples for diagnostic purposes; Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. for vaccination diagnosis, sex determination or ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Instruments for taking body samples for diagnostic purposes; Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. for vaccination diagnosis, sex determination or ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/0096—Casings for storing test samples
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/38—Swabs having a stick-type handle, e.g. cotton tips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M35/00—Devices for applying media, e.g. remedies, on the human body
    • A61M35/003—Portable hand-held applicators having means for dispensing or spreading integral media
    • A61M35/006—Portable hand-held applicators having means for dispensing or spreading integral media using sponges, foams, absorbent pads or swabs as spreading means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5029—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures using swabs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
    • C12M33/02—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus by impregnation, e.g. using swabs or loops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
    • B01L2300/041—Connecting closures to device or container
    • B01L2300/042—Caps; Plugs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
    • B01L2300/046—Function or devices integrated in the closure
    • B01L2300/047—Additional chamber, reservoir
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0475—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure
    • B01L2400/0481—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure squeezing of channels or chambers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N2001/028—Sampling from a surface, swabbing, vaporising

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A swab unit comprising an enclosure, a cap for the enclosure, a hollow stemmed swab secured to the cap both of Ohio Assignee: Medex, Inc., Hilliard, Ohio Filed:
  • This invention relates to a disposable swab unit and particularly to a unit for taking a sample from a patients body and preserving that sample by moistening it with a transport medium until it can be applied as a smear to a slide for a microscope.
  • That procedure has a number of disadvantages which the present invention eliminates.
  • the two packages, swab and vial, are expensive.
  • the swab stick must be handled by the physician, thereby introducing the possibility of contaminating the transport medium.
  • a wooden stick, which must be used in order to break it off into the medium container, has several disadvantages. The wood dries out and becomes brittle and can result in jabbing a patients throat, and the wood itself could contain a fungus which, if released in the transport medium, will contaminate it and botch the test to be run on the sample.
  • One such unit consists of a two section tube having a swab in one section and a supply of transport medium in the other section with a slitted valve between the two sections, does not appear to have enjoyed any success in the marketplace probably because of the cost of manufacturing it.
  • Another unit consists of a flexible tube having a frangible ampoule in one end, absorbent material adjacent the ampoule and a swab disposed in contact with the absorbent material.
  • a sample is taken with the swab, the swab is inserted into the flexible walled container and the area containing the ampoule is squeezed to break the ampoule.
  • the medium contacts the absorbent material which then moistens the tip of the swab in contact with the absorbent material.
  • the present invention provides an improvement over the unit described above in two major respects.
  • the invention provides a cap for an enclosure, the cap carrying a hollow stemmed swab and a flexible walled housing in communication with the swab stem.
  • a frangible, medium containing, ampoule is mounted in the housing.
  • a sample is taken with the physician holding only the cap and not touching the swab stick.
  • the physician squeezes the housing to fracture the ampoule.
  • the squeezing of the housing and even repeated squeezing of the housing pumps the medium down the swab stem into contact with the absorbent material in the swab tip.
  • the invention has a number of advantages. It is economical to manufacture and, hence, economical for the physician in that, except for the cap and flexible housing, it is made of standard components.
  • the cap and housing are easily molded and assembled.
  • the swab stem is a plastic tube which does not sufier from any of the disadvantages of the wood swab stem discussed above.
  • the device is easily handled by the physician in that the liquid medium and swab are contained in one unit so that the physician does not have to open another package to moisten the swab.
  • the cap has a sealed relationship to the enclosure for the swab which keeps the transport medium in a liquid condition for a week or more which is ample time for submission to a laboratory for the running of tests.
  • the structure admits of the use of the two-position cap of U.S. Pat. No. 3,004,681. That cap, in one position, admits gas to the interior of the swab enclosure enabling it to be sterilized as by ethylene oxide gas. Also, in that position the pumping action to drive the liquid medium down the stem is not impeded by the high pressure of a sealed container. In the second position, the enclosure is sealed to keep the transport medium from evaporating.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the device
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view partly in elevation of an alternative embodiment.
  • the unit is indicated at 10 and includes a swab 11 mounted in a cap 12, the cap 12 normally being mounted on an enclosure 13.
  • the upper end of the cap 12 has a flexible wall sealed housing 14 secured to it, the housing 14 containing an ampoule 15 within which a transport medium 16 is carried.
  • the swab l 1 has a hollow stem 20 whose internal diameter is, in the illustrated embodiment, approximately 0.055 inch.
  • the swab stem may be made of any suitable plastic, for example, polyethylene or polystyrene.
  • the free end of the swab stem has an absorbent material 21 of known type as, for example, cotton fibers, although rayon or plastic are preferred in that the plastic fibers have no inhbiting characteristics.
  • the absorbent fibers 21 are attached to the end of the swab in a conventional manner.
  • the other end 22 of the swab is press fitted into a socket 23 which is integral with a top wall 24 of the cap 12.
  • the socket is, of course, hollow and is in communication with a port 25 in the top wall of the cap.
  • the flexible walled housing 14 is mounted on the top surface 26 of the cap 12 surrounding the port 25 so as to be in communication with the port.
  • the housing 14 may be made of any suitable plastic materials as, for example, a low density polyethylene which is thin enough to be relatively easily compressed by the physician.
  • the walls also should have enough resiliency in order to return to their original position upon release of pressure so as to enable the physician to impart a pumping action to the housing where that is desired to drive the liquid medium down the swab stem.
  • the housing is sealed to the surface 26 of the top wall of the cap by means of an annular flange 27, the joint between the flange 27 and the surface 26 being made simply by raising the temperature of the respective surfaces until they are slightly fused and then holding them together.
  • the housing and cap could be molded integrally with the top of the housing left open. Upon insertion of the ampoule, the top of the cap could then be closed and sealed.
  • the ampoule has a glass wall of about 0.010 0.0l5 inch thickness which, due to its thinness, is known in the trade as onion skin. It is easily broken by squeezing on the housing 14. It contains a known transport medium such as Stuarts transport medium.
  • the transport medium has many formulations, none of which forms a part of the present invention.
  • the enclosure 13 functions simply as a sheet around the swab to keep it in a sterile condition.
  • the amount of medium in the ampoule is preferably between onehalf and 1 ml., being only sufficient to moisten the swab and thus there is no requirement for the enclosure 13 to hold the medium.
  • the enclosure 13 is of a test tube configuration preferably being formed of clear polystyrene. It is closed at one end 30 and has an open end 31. An annular bead 32 is formed around the open end, the bead 32 being engageable by the interior surface of the cap 12.
  • the cap 12 is formed generally as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,004,681 to provide two stages of application to the open end of the enclosure 13.
  • the first stage is indicated at 34 and has at its lower end an annular bead 35 with a flared opening 36 to facilitate the introduction of the container into the cap.
  • the bead has two diametrically opposed, axially extending slots 37 to assure passage of gas past the bead.
  • An annular groove 39 is located adjacent the bead, the annular groove being slightly larger than the diameter of the bead 32 so as to provide a slop fit between the two.
  • the slot 37 extends the axial length of the groove 39.
  • the axial length of the groove 39 is approximately twice that of I the bead.
  • a sealing groove 41 defined by an internal bead 42 and a shoulder 43.
  • the relationship between the diameter of the enclosure bead 32 and the diameter of the groove 41 is such as to assure a press fit between the two when the cap is fully placed onto the enclosure 13 as shown in FIG. 1. While the cap as described above is preferred, it is to be understood that a slip fit cap or a screw cap can also be used.
  • FIG. 2 is substantially identical to that of FIG. 1 except for the fact that the embodiment of FIG. 2 utilizes two ports 45 in the top wall of the cap, two sockets 46 and two hollow stem swabs 47.
  • a somewhat larger supply of medium may be required in order to moisten both swabs.
  • the two absorbent tips of the swabs are in contact with each other so as to. permit wicking of the liquid from one to the other to enable them to be equally moistened even in the event that more liquid goes down one swab stern than the other.
  • the sterilized swab is removed from the enclosure 13 by the physician simply by pulling the cap off the enclosure.
  • a sample is taken from the patient and the swab is reinserted into the enclosure 13 with the cap being placed upon the bead 32 until the bead resides in the large annular groove 39.
  • the physician immediately squeezes the housing 14 to break the wall of the ampoule 15, thereby permitting the liquid medium to flow through the port 25 down the hollow stem 20 and into contact with the absorbent tip 21. Movement of the medium down the stem can be encouraged by applying a repeated squeezing to the housing 14 which pumps the fluid down the stem.
  • the fluid When in contact with the tip, the fluid disperses itself throughout the tip through a wicking action, thereby completely moistening the tip. Thereafter, the cap is fully applied to the bead 32 until it has a tight fitting relationship with the annular sealing groove 41. In this condition, the transport medium will stay liquid for a long period of time, thereby keeping the sample moist until it can be processed in the lab.
  • the invention has been described as utilizing a frangible glass ampoule in the housing, it should be understood that the invention also embraces other means for confining a liquid in the housing to block the flow of liquid through the port and into the swab until it is time to use the swab.
  • a rupturable capsule of liquid contained in a plastic film could be employed instead of the frangible ampoule.
  • the liquid could be confined in the housing by a rupturable membrane disposed between the housing and the port.
  • some type of inexpensive valve in the port could be employed, the valve being openable either upon squeezing the housing or upon manipulation by the user.
  • a swab unit comprising,
  • a flexible walled housing mounted on the opposite face said cap and surrounding said port
  • a rupturable ampoule containing a liquid and mounted in said housing
  • a unit as in claim 1 further comprising at least one socket integral with said cap and extending from said port toward said enclosure,
  • said swab stem being fitted into said socket.
  • said cap having a generally cylindrical interior surface adapted to receive said bead
  • said surface having an outward portion which loosely receives said bead to permit air flow into said enclosure
  • a unit as in claim 1 in which two ports are provided in said cap and two hollow stemmed swabs are mounted in said ports.
  • a disposable swab unit comprising,
  • said cap having a top wall and port in said wall
  • liquid can be caused to flow through said port and through the stem of said swab.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US00257850A 1972-05-30 1972-05-30 Disposable swab unit Expired - Lifetime US3792699A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US25785072A 1972-05-30 1972-05-30

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US3792699A true US3792699A (en) 1974-02-19

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US00257850A Expired - Lifetime US3792699A (en) 1972-05-30 1972-05-30 Disposable swab unit

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US (1) US3792699A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA990020A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2358528A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2254248A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1453961A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (99)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2254248A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-07-04
DE2358528A1 (de) 1975-05-22
GB1453961A (en) 1976-10-27
CA990020A (en) 1976-06-01

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