US3792334A - Ferro device for the automatic control of x-y displacements in x-ray examination - Google Patents

Ferro device for the automatic control of x-y displacements in x-ray examination Download PDF

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Publication number
US3792334A
US3792334A US00281343A US3792334DA US3792334A US 3792334 A US3792334 A US 3792334A US 00281343 A US00281343 A US 00281343A US 3792334D A US3792334D A US 3792334DA US 3792334 A US3792334 A US 3792334A
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Prior art keywords
platform
guide member
cam
signals
movement
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00281343A
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English (en)
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S Rouge
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis

Definitions

  • This invention in the domain of X-ray technology applied to medical diagnostics, and relates to a device for the automatic control of simultaneous displacements of the X-ray analysing and recording apparatus, particularly for X-ray examination in sections termed radiographs.
  • the analysing apparatus X-ray tube
  • the recording apparatus film cassette
  • control-boxes usually employed with these apparatus do not permit of controlling automatically the changes of the curves.
  • These boxes have various openings corresponding to the various curves and any change of the curve is obtained by the manual displacement of a stub screwed in the corresponding box opening, i.e., straight lines and ellipses (by means of stubs of different lengths in the same opening), hypocycloids, small circles.
  • the invention provides a'novel control-device operating completely automatically and permitting of carrying out changes of curves from a distance and of restoring automatically in a simple manner the rest position.
  • control-device comprises a control-box for the various displacements operating by means of an electronic assembly, which is controlled by taking into circuit two variable elements, one for said displacements and the other selected from an assembly of elements coding the various curves, said electronic assembly operating so that at any instant the voltages across the two variable elements are equal to each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the upper part of a control-box according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the control-box
  • FIG. 3 a side elevation of the same box
  • FIG. 4 the circuit diagram of the electronic assembly controlling the movements of the box
  • FIGS. 5a, 5b Be a cam profile and the decompositions of the elliptic curve into polar data
  • FIGS. 6a, 6b, 60 a further cam profile and the decompositions of the hypocycloid curve into polar data.
  • the device according to the invention is based on the principle of decomposing the curves into polar data. For the sake of clarity the device will first be described and afterwards the operation will be specified in accordance with the various curves (in this example: straightline, circle, ellipse, hypocycloid).
  • the device comprises a box controlling the various movements by means of an electronic assembly, which is controlled from a panal by taking into circuit variable elements forming part of the box and/or being independent.
  • the control-box which forms a characteristic part of the device, will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, and the basic circuitry of the electronic assembly for the specification of the various curves will be explained with reference to FIG. 4 in order to facilitate a good understanding of the operation of said box.
  • box comprises a platform carried by a supporting frame 21, adapted to be driven electrically with a constant angular speed by a belt C transmitting the movement by an external motor (not shown).
  • the device is arranged so that a choice can be made from a range of speeds.
  • a finger 22 is displaceable to perform the necessary displacement of the X-ray tube and the film cassette.
  • the finger 22 is held by a carriage 221, accurately guided and pushed over a set of rails 222, which transmit to the carriage 221 the movement of a motor 223 (axis X X) via a reducing mechanism 224. In this way it is possible to move the finger 22 at any instant into any position previously defined on the diameter concerned.
  • Two safety stop members are indicated at 229 on the platform.
  • the successive positions of the finger determine the curves simultaneously described by the X-ray tube and the cassette holder.
  • any position of the finger 22 is converted into an electric magnitude A by a potentiometer 225, driven by a toothed belt 226 during the movement of the finger 22.
  • a potentiometer 225 driven by a toothed belt 226 during the movement of the finger 22.
  • These successive positions are automatically controlled by means of a coding member 230, of the coders of which is actuated, when a curve differing from a straight line or a circle has to be obtained, which curve requires suitable combinations of themovements.
  • the coding member is designed for two curves i.e., hypocycloid curve and elliptic curve.
  • the coders may be formed by rotatable potentiometers, the tappings of which occupy respectively a position depending upon the positions of cams turned around the axis ZZ' by means of a transmission belt 24 which may be driven by a motor not shown, or by motor 233.
  • FIG. 2 which illustrates schematically a bottom view of the box, shows one of the coders.
  • the cam 231 whose profile matches, for example, the ellipse, is adapted to rotate about the vertical axis ZZ.
  • a sensor 232 which follows up the cam profile, is associated with the rotatable potentiometer 233, driven by a gear wheel 234 which cooperates with a toothed rack 235 on a rod 236, associated with a spring 237.
  • the control-device according to the invention performs the movement so that at any instant the difference between the two electric magnitudes A and B approaches zero as closely as possible, said two electric magnitudes (e.g., voltages) being applied to the terminals of the electronic assembely 31 (FIG. 4), which control the rotation of the motor 223 the difference be tween said two magnitudes constituting a control signal.
  • said two electric magnitudes e.g., voltages
  • the electronic assembly 31 is connected on the one hand to the potentiometer 225 and on the other hand in accordance with one of the four positions of the switch 41 (on the control-panel) to one of the four follwing elements:
  • potentiometer 412. The latter two elements are external of the control-box.
  • control-box (FIG. 3) is provided with a multiple input 227 for the electric connections such as 228 comprising, for example, two wires for the wind- .ing of the motor 223, three wires for the control-potentiometer, three safety wires.
  • control-device describe above permits of describing in a simple manner the following curves:
  • a circle by the rotation of the platform 21 with constant speed; a circle of variable. radius in accordance with the position of the finger 22 on a diameter of the platform can be obtained by manual actuation of the potentiometer 412 on the control-panel;
  • the movement of the finger 22 is then transmitted to the elliptic position coder, the cam profile of which is shown in FIG. 5a; the decomposition into polar coordinates of the elliptic curve is illustrated in FIGS. 5b and 5c.
  • hypocycloid referring to FIGS. 6a, 6b and 60, by the combination of the two movements, while the electronic assembly 31 is connected to the potentiometer 233H. The movement of the finger 22 is then transmitted to the hypocycloid position coder.
  • the movement of the finger is controlled by the positioning potentiometer 412, which allows centering or inclination of the radiation.
  • the plane of radiation may be changed relatively to the longitudinal axis of the analysing table (not shown).
  • the invention is particularly suitable in tomography, since it allow a rapid and simple control of the orientation of the various exposures.
  • an x-ray radiating assembly which includes an x-ray source and a film cassette which are arranged to be displaceable in relatively opposite directions and are'adapted to swing about a pivotal axis for making radiographs of plane body sections, wherein an x-ray passing through any point to be radiographed will always strike the same point at the film
  • the apparatus further including a control assembly comprising, a rotatable platform, first means for rotating said platform, a guide member carried and rotated by the platform and movable longitudinally on said platform, the guide member adapted to displace said x-ray tube and film cassette according to a predetermined cycle including rotational and longitudinal movement, second means for driving ,said guide member in longitudinal movement on said platform, a first potentiometer on said platform engaged and driven by said guide member for converting each position of said guide member into a first electrical signal corresponding to its movement, a rotatable camcoding member carried by the assembly, this cam having a cam-shape to provide said pre
  • Apparatus according to claim 2 further comprising a cam rotating with constant speed corresponding to the rotation of the platform for operating said coding member, th rofile of the cam being a function of the curve to be traced.
  • an apparatus for controlling the movement of an x-ray radiating assembly which includes an x-ray source and a film cassette which are arranged to be displaceable in relatively opposite directions and are adapted to swing about a pivotal axis for making radiographs of plane body sections, whereby an x-ray passing through any point to be radiographed will always strike the same point at the film
  • the apparatus further including a control assembly comprising, a rotatable platform, first means for rotating said platform, a guide member carried and rotated by the platform and movable longitudinally on said platform, the guide member adapted to displace said x-ray tube and film cassette in both rotational and longitudinal movement, second means for driving said guide member in longitudinal movement on said platform, sensing means for sensing the longitudinal position of said guide memberand for providing a first electric signal corresponding to said position, a function generator for providing a second electric signal corresponding to a desired predetermined longitudinal motion of said guide member, means for comparing the first signal with the second signal and producing a control signal corresponding to the difference
  • Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said function generator comprises a potentiometer for providing a constant voltage signal of manually selectable magnitude.
  • said function generator further comprises a rotatable camcoding member carried by the assembly, the cam having a cam-shape to provide said predetermined motion, means for rotating the cam, a cam follower drivable in longitudinal movement by the cam, a second potentiometer driven by said follower for converting displacement of the follower into the second electric signal hav.- ing magnitude corresponding to the cam shape and to the distance the guide member is to move.
  • said function generator comprises a capacitor, means for supplying constant voltage to the capacitor, and means for discharging said capacitor.
  • an apparatus for controlling the movement of an x-ray radiating assembly which includes an x-ray source and a film cassette which are arranged to be displaceable in relatively opposite directions and are adapted to swing about a pivotal axis for making radiographs of plane body sections, whereby an x-ray passing through any point to be radiographed will always strike the same point at the film
  • the apparatus further including a control assembly comprising, a rotatable platform, first means for rotating said platform, a guide member carried and rotated by the platform and movable longi' tudinally on said platform, the guide member adapted to displace said x-ray tube and film cassette in both rotational and longitudinal movement, second means for driving said guide member in longitudinal movement on said platform, sensing means for sensing the longitudinal position of said guide member and for providing a first electric signal corresponding to said position, a function generator for providing a second electric signal corresponding to adesired predetermined longitudinal motion of said guide member said function generator comprising means for providing a plurality of different electric

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
US00281343A 1969-03-10 1972-08-17 Ferro device for the automatic control of x-y displacements in x-ray examination Expired - Lifetime US3792334A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6906691A FR2036293A5 (OSRAM) 1969-03-10 1969-03-10

Publications (1)

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US3792334A true US3792334A (en) 1974-02-12

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US00281343A Expired - Lifetime US3792334A (en) 1969-03-10 1972-08-17 Ferro device for the automatic control of x-y displacements in x-ray examination

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3792334A (OSRAM)
JP (1) JPS5113999B1 (OSRAM)
AU (1) AU1225370A (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE2010142A1 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2036293A5 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1308544A (OSRAM)
SE (1) SE367762B (OSRAM)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4034225A (en) * 1974-01-02 1977-07-05 Pennwalt Corporation, S.S. White Dental Products Division Film drive mechanism for panoramic radiographic apparatus
US4665540A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-05-12 U.S. Philips Corporation Apparatus for making sectional radiographs

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS49132770U (OSRAM) * 1973-03-14 1974-11-14
JPS55143796U (OSRAM) * 1979-03-31 1980-10-15

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2359160A (en) * 1940-12-13 1944-09-26 Sauter Elektr App Device for the time control of physical values
US2885618A (en) * 1957-02-07 1959-05-05 Stokes F J Corp Motor control system
US3039035A (en) * 1957-06-03 1962-06-12 Honeywell Regulator Co Automatic lathe control
US3136936A (en) * 1958-09-08 1964-06-09 Seneca Falls Machine Co Machine tool control system
US3174089A (en) * 1962-06-26 1965-03-16 Honeywell Inc Machine tool control with adjustable limit control
US3573586A (en) * 1968-11-26 1971-04-06 Arthur K Littwin Servo control for movement of a device through successive steps
US3700994A (en) * 1969-09-23 1972-10-24 Krauss Maffei Ag Machine-control system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2359160A (en) * 1940-12-13 1944-09-26 Sauter Elektr App Device for the time control of physical values
US2885618A (en) * 1957-02-07 1959-05-05 Stokes F J Corp Motor control system
US3039035A (en) * 1957-06-03 1962-06-12 Honeywell Regulator Co Automatic lathe control
US3136936A (en) * 1958-09-08 1964-06-09 Seneca Falls Machine Co Machine tool control system
US3174089A (en) * 1962-06-26 1965-03-16 Honeywell Inc Machine tool control with adjustable limit control
US3573586A (en) * 1968-11-26 1971-04-06 Arthur K Littwin Servo control for movement of a device through successive steps
US3700994A (en) * 1969-09-23 1972-10-24 Krauss Maffei Ag Machine-control system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4034225A (en) * 1974-01-02 1977-07-05 Pennwalt Corporation, S.S. White Dental Products Division Film drive mechanism for panoramic radiographic apparatus
US4665540A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-05-12 U.S. Philips Corporation Apparatus for making sectional radiographs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1225370A (en) 1971-09-09
GB1308544A (en) 1973-02-21
FR2036293A5 (OSRAM) 1970-12-24
JPS5113999B1 (OSRAM) 1976-05-06
SE367762B (OSRAM) 1974-06-10
DE2010142A1 (de) 1970-09-17

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