US3789839A - Covering for protecting head and face from dangerous aerosols and gases - Google Patents

Covering for protecting head and face from dangerous aerosols and gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US3789839A
US3789839A US00266573A US3789839DA US3789839A US 3789839 A US3789839 A US 3789839A US 00266573 A US00266573 A US 00266573A US 3789839D A US3789839D A US 3789839DA US 3789839 A US3789839 A US 3789839A
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United States
Prior art keywords
hood
wearer
covering
head
filter
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00266573A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Lund
F Lund
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Civilforsvarsstyrelsen
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Civilforsvarsstyrelsen
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/04—Hoods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a covering for protecting head and face against dangerous aerosols and gases, more particularly for protecting civil persons during military operations.
  • Gas masks are face masks covering part of the face only, mainly the regions around nose and mouth and usually the eyes. This design ensures that the dead space between the filter of the gas mask and nostrils and mouth of the wearer may be relatively small, which is of essential importance to the use of the mask since there will be an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the said space if this volume is not small in relation to the respiratory ventilation.
  • Gas masks of the kind generally used are relatively costly and are mainly used by a comparatively small number of persons taking active part in military operations or protective measures.
  • the use of such gas masks requires a certain training and there must therefore be a number of different sizes and possibilites of adjustment requiring time-consuming adaptation which, by the way, is dependent on, say, hairdressing.
  • Ordinary glasses and hearing aids cannot be used directly in combination with gas masks nor is adequate sealing obtainable when the wearer has a beard.
  • the known gas masks of the aforesaid kind usually occupy a rather large volume when packed in a carrying bag.
  • a protective covering which can be worn as a safety outfit by every civil person in a dangerous period, and for this purpose the known gas masks will be less suitable.
  • Such a protective covering will have to be manufactured at a very low cost and be adapted for packing so as to occupy very little space, preferably so that it may be placed in a pocket or a handbag.
  • the protective covering must furthermore be of such design that it may be used for all sizes and forms of heads, including bulky hairdressings and the like, and be applicable by persons wearing glasses or dressings on the head. It must furthermore be possible to use the protection effectively without thorough and repeated instructions or adjustments.
  • Hood shaped protective coverings as known can only be worn a short period, as the dead space is very large and the inspiration air for the wearer will very quickly include a great amount of expiration air having a great content of CO which causes illness.
  • the present invention provides a protective covering capable of satisfying the said requirements, and an essential feature of the invention is that the protective covering consists partly of a protective hood of a flexible material difficult to penetrate or impenetrable by dangerous liquids and gases, the said material being preferably transparent plastic foil of such size that it may be pulled over the head and at least part of the neck, the said hood being in addition to the end opening provided with a smaller opening which is closed by an inhalation filter adapted to retain the injurious substances, and partly of such a shrouding member that when arranged on the outer side of the protective hood it presses the said hood against the surface of the head and neck of the user.
  • a covering of such design may afford essential protection against many weapons in the form of liquid, aerosol or gas, and that it can ensure a satisfactory respiration of the user for a certain period.
  • Suitable plastics may form a foil which may provide a certain desired protection against dangerous substances and which may have a suitable resistance to mechanical stresses, and in such a hood it is comparatively easy to insert an effective filter to retain the dangerous substances and permit the passage of an adequate amount of air for respiration.
  • a number of plastic foils having advantageous qualities possess the additional advantage that' they are so transparent that a special window element may be disposed with.
  • the shrouding member may consist of a hood-formed elastic net formed, for example, of knitted textile material.
  • a net can be made at a very low cost; it is of small volume, very light weight and may nevertheless act efficiently to pull the plastic foil hood into tight contact with head and face.
  • Such an elastic shrouding member may be of such design that the area of the mesh openings is considerable compared with the area of the threads, and it constitutes no essential obstruction to the view of the wearer. The advantage obtained is that the shrouding member involves no obstruction to the view of the wearer in any of his orientations.
  • a snapped filter which may consist of a plurality of layers, for example a fibrous material with activated carbon and one or more aerosol filter layers.
  • a Malawid filter may, according to the invention, be mounted in a frame of relatively more rigid plastic material which is welded or glued to the edge portion around the smaller opening in the protective hood.
  • Such a filter may be so formed and arranged that it rests in contact with the bridge of the nose and the chin of the wearer so that a relatively small, flat space is left open between the plate-formed filter and nostrils and mouth, which facilitates the respiration.
  • the filter frame may consist of two sections which in the protection provided form an obtuse angle with each other, their axis of intersection extending from the nose of the user downwards to his chin. As a result the filter fits rather snugly to the face of the user.
  • FIG. 1 shows a protective hood, in diagrammatical front view
  • FIG. 2 a shrouding member, viewed from the side in its extended state
  • FIG. 3 a section through a filter
  • FIG. 4 a front view of a filter
  • FIG. 5 a protective covering according to the invention as worn by the user
  • FIG. 6 a part of a protective hood, viewed from the side in section
  • FIG. 7 the same as FIG. 6 for a modified embodiment of the filter
  • FIG. 8 a front view of a protective hood with divided filter.
  • the protective hood illustrated in FIG. 1 and denoted by 1 may be manufactured as a bag of plastic foil material, and having a substantially rectangular form in flat condition, the said bag may have a mouth 2 at one end and at the other end a welding seam 3.
  • the bag may have one or two side welding seams. It may also be provided with folds and, on the whole, be made in the same manner as conventional packaging bags of plastic foil.
  • the hood In its side wall the hood has a rectangular opening 4 in which there is attached a plate-formed filter 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows such a filter which is carried by a frame 6 of rather more rigid plastic material with a flange 7 by means of which the frame is welded to the protective hood 1 around the opening 4.
  • suitable filter material 8 which, for example, may consist of an outer and an inner aerosol filter and an intermediate layer of fibrous material with activated carbon.
  • the frame 6 may be attached to the protective hood 1 by glueing or welding, and the filter 8 may be glued both to the protective hood and to the frame.
  • an adhesion which prevents the passage of air around the filter plate along its edge where it joins the frame.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a filter in frame.
  • a grating 17 serves in the embodiment disclosed to relieve tensional forces in the connection between filter and frame.
  • the grating 17 may either be made together with the frame in a moulding process or consist of a plastic material or a wire netting which is glued or moulded into the frame.
  • a corresponding grating for mechanical relief may be provided on such side of the filter as faces the wearer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a shrouding member having the form of a net which may be made by knitting of textile yarn and which is denoted by 10.
  • the net takes the form of a hood but can also be a tube open in both ends. Shown in FIG. 2 in its distended state, it may be passed down over the hood without difficulty.
  • the plastic foil hood 1 When the protective covering is to be used, the plastic foil hood 1 is passed down over the head into a position in which the filter is arranged outside the region of nose and mouth, leaving an unobstructed view. The lower part of the hood will then be located opposite the neck of the user.
  • the shrouding member 10 which may be attached at one or a few places to the top of the hood, is then pulled down over the hood and somewhat down along the neck of the user where any excessive part of the shrouding member may form folds or rolls.
  • the shrouding member presses, owing to its elasticity, the hood 1 against the head, face and neck of the user as indicated in FIG. 5.
  • the dangerous space in the protective hood is reduced to a minimum and a certain sealing is provided at the neck so that respiration takes place essentially through the filter.
  • the plastic foil hood 1 will usually form folds at the neck, at the top of the head and at the throat.
  • the relatively rigid filter in combination with the region around the eyes and the forehead of the user will, however, prevent the formation of actual folds in front of the eyes.
  • the hood When the shrouding member has been mounted as described above, the hood may be oriented for optimum position of filter to suit requirements and will give in this condition a certain protection.
  • FIG. 5 shows an elastic tape-formed closing member 11 arranged around the neck.
  • the said tape provides primarily efficient sealing of the protective hood around the neck and secondly it retains the hood effectively to the head.
  • the tape or band member 11 is preferably provided with an elastic pad-like layer which can press the hood material against the neck of the wearer over its complete periphery in spite of the uneven shape of the neck surface.
  • the band may include a layer of elastic plastic foam material.
  • glasses used by the wearer do not prevent the use of the protective covering according to the invention.
  • the frame 6 may be so formed that it is capable of resting in contact with the bridge of the nose and the chin of the user so that a relatively small space 12 is formed between the filter 8 and the nostrils and mouth of the user.
  • FIG. 7 shows a special embodiment of a filter in which the frame is divided into two parts 13 and 14 with flanges 15 which are welded together with the foil material of the protective hood 10 between them.
  • the filter has a front wall and a rear wall which is perforated, the front wall consisting, for example, of obliquely disposed lamella-formed wall parts 16.
  • a filter with a frame of equivalent design may also be manufactured by moulding a thermoplastic material around the filter. In this case the frame has a flange for one-sided attachment to the material of the hood.
  • a grate-formed element 17 (FIG. 4) so as to form a number of passageways 18 which contain the filter material.
  • the filter is divided into two sections consisting of two frames 19 and 20 which form an angle of less than and the axis of intersection between the plates of the two frames is denoted by 21 and extends substantially vertically from the bridge of the nose to the chin.
  • the filter will fit relatively snugly to the face despite the relatively large area of the filter plate.
  • the two frames may be connected with material of such flexibility that they adapt themselves to the form of the head as described above and may be folded against each other during storage. As a result, the maximum dimensions of the packed protective unit is substantially reduced.
  • a covering for protecting the head and face against toxic substances dispersed in the air which comprises a hood made of flexible, gas-proof material and disposed to encompass the head and neck of the wearer, seal means on said hood operable to circumferentially engage the neck of the wearer to seal the hood thereto and thereby prevent entry of toxified air into the volume enclosed by the hood, air filter means connected to said hood for support thereby and operable to filter and detoxify air passing from outside the hood to the inside thereof for breathing by the wearer, and an elastic net shroud disposed in surrounding relation to said hood and for contact with the exterior surface thereof to press said hood against the wearer and thereby minimize the open volume enclosed by the hood, said elastic net shroud extending from said seal means over substantially the entire area of the hood covering the neck and head of the wearer.
  • a covering according to claim 1 wherein said elastic net shroud is made of knitted textile material.
  • said air filter means includes a frame connected in sealing relation to said hood.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
US00266573A 1971-06-29 1972-06-27 Covering for protecting head and face from dangerous aerosols and gases Expired - Lifetime US3789839A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK321271AA DK135827B (da) 1971-06-29 1971-06-29 Beskyttelseshætte til beskyttelse af hoved og ansigt mod skadelige aerosoler og gasser.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3789839A true US3789839A (en) 1974-02-05

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ID=8120335

Family Applications (1)

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US00266573A Expired - Lifetime US3789839A (en) 1971-06-29 1972-06-27 Covering for protecting head and face from dangerous aerosols and gases

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3789839A (no)
JP (1) JPS5038437B1 (no)
DE (1) DE2231708C3 (no)
DK (1) DK135827B (no)
NO (1) NO131572C (no)
SE (1) SE382915C (no)

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943575A (en) * 1974-04-12 1976-03-16 The Kendall Company Conformable surgical hood
US4231118A (en) * 1978-03-25 1980-11-04 Yoshimasa Nakagawa Head and face protecting hood
US4411023A (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-10-25 Pinson Jay D Smoke protective hood
EP0114164A1 (de) * 1983-01-19 1984-08-01 Multi-Chemie AG ABC-Schutzmaske
US4583535A (en) * 1980-08-07 1986-04-22 Saffo John J Protection mask
US4589408A (en) * 1982-06-09 1986-05-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Surgical face mask and hood
US4825473A (en) * 1988-02-01 1989-05-02 Spray Sok Co., Inc. Disposable eye guard
US4831664A (en) * 1987-05-14 1989-05-23 Redi-Corp Protective Materials, Inc. Garment for protecting against environmental contamination
US4847914A (en) * 1987-05-14 1989-07-18 Redi-Corp Protective Materials, Inc. Garment for protecting against environmental contamination
US4862147A (en) * 1985-08-26 1989-08-29 Puritan-Bennett Aero Systems Company Smoke alarm with dropout smoke hood
US4870959A (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-10-03 Ron Reisman Protective breathing mask
US4901370A (en) * 1988-08-12 1990-02-20 Redi-Corp Protective Materials, Inc. Garment for protecting against environmental contamination
US5146636A (en) * 1989-10-05 1992-09-15 Pena John M D De Heat and smoke protective hood
US5214800A (en) * 1990-04-27 1993-06-01 Christopher Braun Collapsible, flexible head wear
US5664262A (en) * 1996-02-16 1997-09-09 Cominsky; John Charles Transport hood for protecting conveying personnel
US5842231A (en) * 1996-01-19 1998-12-01 Dawes; Kerry G. Head covering used to prevent spitting
US6098201A (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-08-08 Richard T. Weisenburger Moldable face-mask
US6397395B1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2002-06-04 Dehart Anthony G. Hooded garment with storable mask or goggles
US6463589B1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2002-10-15 Chung-Ying Wang Smoke-proof headgear
US20050120452A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-06-09 Cominsky John C. Facial weather and element protection cover
US6997179B1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2006-02-14 Essex Pb&R Corporation Protective hood
US20060107950A1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2006-05-25 Hutchinson Chad H Thermal retention patient hood
US20060118116A1 (en) * 2002-10-02 2006-06-08 Michael Porat Emergency escape mask
US20080016603A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2008-01-24 Sunburst Companies, Inc. Odor absorbing system and method
US20080105255A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-08 Resnick Todd A Protective Hood Structural Attachment System
US7415981B1 (en) 2005-01-03 2008-08-26 Lifeline Tech, Inc. Filter pad and protective hood
US20100031422A1 (en) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-11 Grilliot William L Protective Hood
US8365734B1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2013-02-05 Edward Lehman Multi-port, intubation-permitting, oxygen mask
US8973170B2 (en) 2013-02-22 2015-03-10 John C. Cominsky Transport hood including skirt
US20170027262A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-02 Virtuosa Beauty LLC Breathable protective head covering
US20170333736A1 (en) * 2014-11-10 2017-11-23 Carbon Tex Limited Personal protection device
US9968151B1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2018-05-15 John C. Cominsky Transport hood having perforations
FR3062573A1 (fr) * 2017-02-08 2018-08-10 Materiels Ind De Securite Circuit de diffusion d’un premier flux et d’un deuxieme flux dans une combinaison de protection
FR3062574A1 (fr) * 2017-02-08 2018-08-10 Materiels Ind De Securite Partie de combinaison de protection comprenant une unite de filtration

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4382440A (en) * 1981-03-18 1983-05-10 Kapp Nancy J Smoke and pollutant filtering device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US521939A (en) * 1894-06-26 Fire-mask
US2432311A (en) * 1946-02-02 1947-12-09 Hall Anna Ford Protector hood
US2821192A (en) * 1958-01-28 Monro
US3033199A (en) * 1959-10-13 1962-05-08 Jacobs Clifford Roy Closure for protective device
US3327720A (en) * 1966-02-07 1967-06-27 Maccie L Carmony Hair protection cap
US3521629A (en) * 1967-09-18 1970-07-28 Schjeldahl Co G T Heat and smoke protective hoods
US3621841A (en) * 1970-05-14 1971-11-23 Mine Safety Appliances Co Foldable protective head enclosure

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US521939A (en) * 1894-06-26 Fire-mask
US2821192A (en) * 1958-01-28 Monro
US2432311A (en) * 1946-02-02 1947-12-09 Hall Anna Ford Protector hood
US3033199A (en) * 1959-10-13 1962-05-08 Jacobs Clifford Roy Closure for protective device
US3327720A (en) * 1966-02-07 1967-06-27 Maccie L Carmony Hair protection cap
US3521629A (en) * 1967-09-18 1970-07-28 Schjeldahl Co G T Heat and smoke protective hoods
US3621841A (en) * 1970-05-14 1971-11-23 Mine Safety Appliances Co Foldable protective head enclosure

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943575A (en) * 1974-04-12 1976-03-16 The Kendall Company Conformable surgical hood
US4231118A (en) * 1978-03-25 1980-11-04 Yoshimasa Nakagawa Head and face protecting hood
US4583535A (en) * 1980-08-07 1986-04-22 Saffo John J Protection mask
US4411023A (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-10-25 Pinson Jay D Smoke protective hood
US4589408A (en) * 1982-06-09 1986-05-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Surgical face mask and hood
EP0114164A1 (de) * 1983-01-19 1984-08-01 Multi-Chemie AG ABC-Schutzmaske
US4862147A (en) * 1985-08-26 1989-08-29 Puritan-Bennett Aero Systems Company Smoke alarm with dropout smoke hood
US4831664A (en) * 1987-05-14 1989-05-23 Redi-Corp Protective Materials, Inc. Garment for protecting against environmental contamination
US4847914A (en) * 1987-05-14 1989-07-18 Redi-Corp Protective Materials, Inc. Garment for protecting against environmental contamination
US4825473A (en) * 1988-02-01 1989-05-02 Spray Sok Co., Inc. Disposable eye guard
US4870959A (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-10-03 Ron Reisman Protective breathing mask
US4901370A (en) * 1988-08-12 1990-02-20 Redi-Corp Protective Materials, Inc. Garment for protecting against environmental contamination
US5146636A (en) * 1989-10-05 1992-09-15 Pena John M D De Heat and smoke protective hood
US5214800A (en) * 1990-04-27 1993-06-01 Christopher Braun Collapsible, flexible head wear
US5842231A (en) * 1996-01-19 1998-12-01 Dawes; Kerry G. Head covering used to prevent spitting
US5664262A (en) * 1996-02-16 1997-09-09 Cominsky; John Charles Transport hood for protecting conveying personnel
US6098201A (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-08-08 Richard T. Weisenburger Moldable face-mask
US6397395B1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2002-06-04 Dehart Anthony G. Hooded garment with storable mask or goggles
US6463589B1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2002-10-15 Chung-Ying Wang Smoke-proof headgear
CN1684739B (zh) * 2002-10-02 2011-03-30 迈克尔·庖瑞特 紧急逃生面罩
US20060118116A1 (en) * 2002-10-02 2006-06-08 Michael Porat Emergency escape mask
US7296570B2 (en) * 2003-07-10 2007-11-20 Hutchinson Chad H Thermal retention patient hood
US20060107950A1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2006-05-25 Hutchinson Chad H Thermal retention patient hood
US20050120452A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-06-09 Cominsky John C. Facial weather and element protection cover
US6997179B1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2006-02-14 Essex Pb&R Corporation Protective hood
US20060032498A1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2006-02-16 Niemann Bradley Q Improved protective hood
US8011024B2 (en) * 2004-06-16 2011-09-06 Sunburst Companies, Inc. Odor absorbing system and method
US20080028494A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2008-02-07 Sunburst Companies, Inc. Odor absorbing system and method
US20080016603A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2008-01-24 Sunburst Companies, Inc. Odor absorbing system and method
US7934268B2 (en) * 2004-06-16 2011-05-03 Sunburst Companies, Inc. Odor absorbing system and method
US7415981B1 (en) 2005-01-03 2008-08-26 Lifeline Tech, Inc. Filter pad and protective hood
US20080105255A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-08 Resnick Todd A Protective Hood Structural Attachment System
US7814904B2 (en) * 2006-11-03 2010-10-19 Tmr-E, Llc Protective hood structural attachment system
US20100031422A1 (en) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-11 Grilliot William L Protective Hood
US8225428B2 (en) * 2008-08-08 2012-07-24 Honeywell International Inc. Protective hood
US8365734B1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2013-02-05 Edward Lehman Multi-port, intubation-permitting, oxygen mask
US8973170B2 (en) 2013-02-22 2015-03-10 John C. Cominsky Transport hood including skirt
US20170333736A1 (en) * 2014-11-10 2017-11-23 Carbon Tex Limited Personal protection device
US11253734B2 (en) * 2014-11-10 2022-02-22 Carbon Tex Limited Personal protection device using monolithic activated carbons
US20170027262A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-02 Virtuosa Beauty LLC Breathable protective head covering
US9968151B1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2018-05-15 John C. Cominsky Transport hood having perforations
FR3062573A1 (fr) * 2017-02-08 2018-08-10 Materiels Ind De Securite Circuit de diffusion d’un premier flux et d’un deuxieme flux dans une combinaison de protection
FR3062574A1 (fr) * 2017-02-08 2018-08-10 Materiels Ind De Securite Partie de combinaison de protection comprenant une unite de filtration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE382915C (sv) 1977-05-23
NO131572B (no) 1975-03-17
JPS5038437B1 (no) 1975-12-09
DK135827C (no) 1977-12-05
DK135827B (da) 1977-07-04
NO131572C (no) 1975-06-25
SE382915B (sv) 1976-02-23
DE2231708C3 (de) 1975-07-03
DE2231708B2 (no) 1974-11-21
DE2231708A1 (de) 1973-01-11

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