US3788966A - Electrical connections for metal electrodes - Google Patents

Electrical connections for metal electrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3788966A
US3788966A US00260394A US3788966DA US3788966A US 3788966 A US3788966 A US 3788966A US 00260394 A US00260394 A US 00260394A US 3788966D A US3788966D A US 3788966DA US 3788966 A US3788966 A US 3788966A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
metal
boss
cathode
bolt
anode
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00260394A
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English (en)
Inventor
O Stephenson
J Schmidt
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BASF Corp
Original Assignee
BASF Wyandotte Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3788966A publication Critical patent/US3788966A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections

Definitions

  • Field of the invention This invention relates to electrolytic cells having both a metal anode and a metal cathode and particularly to electrolytic cells for the production of chlorine and caustic. A new method of making electrical and mechanical connection between the metal cathode and metal anode is provided.
  • a bipolar electrolytic filter press cell for the production of chlorine from an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution wherein the anode is made of a valve metal and the cathode is made of a ferrous metal said anode and said cathode being in electrical connection by bolting one to another, the improvement which comprises inserting through one of the foregoing electrodes a bolt having thread engaging means and made of substantially the same metal as the electrode, the other electrode having female thread engaging means said ferrous metal threads being coated with a coinage metal plating and said valve metal threads being plated with at least one platinum group metal whereby when the electrical connnection is made the softer platinum group metal and the coinage metal are driven into solid contact with each other thereby making a solid electrical connection and a strong mechanical connection under shearing stress.
  • the drawing is a cutaway view along the length of the engaging bolt showing a ferrous metal cathode and valve metal anode in electrical and mechanical connection according to this invention.
  • a metal anode 1 which according to the art can be either a sheet (solid or with 'various configurations of openings) or an expanded mesh made from a valve metal.
  • a metal cathode 6 of a ferrous metal, preferably iron, is provided to make the second electrode for the bipolar cell.
  • the cathode 6 can be either a sheet (solid or with various configurations of openings) or an expanded mesh.
  • each electrode there must be attached, typically by welding, etc., a boss having thread engaging means for receiving and engaging bolt 5.
  • a boss having thread engaging means for receiving and engaging bolt 5.
  • the female bolt receiving boss can be attached to either electrode.
  • the anode boss 2 is the female bolt receiving boss.
  • Boss 2 has threads or thread engaging means which has been coated or plated with a thin but continuous coating 3.
  • the anode 1 boss 2 is made of a metal which is substantially the same as the anode, that is the boss 2 is also made of a valve metal.
  • the coating 3 is a platinum metal which has been applied according to usual methods for platinizing objects. One convenient method is to brush on an application of a thermally reducing platinizing solution which can then be reduced to an adherent deposit by using a small hand torch.
  • the other boss is the cathode boss 7 which is made of a metal substantially the same as that of the cathode 6, namely a ferrous metal.
  • Boss 7 contains an aperture or hole in axial alignment with a corresponding hole in cathode 6 through which bolt 5 is inserted preliminary to making the electrical/mechanical connection of this invention.
  • the bolt 5 has the usual head with pressure receiving shoulder, shank and threads at the other end.
  • the threads are coated or plated with a metal 4 to complete the present invention.
  • the bolt is made of a metal similar to the electrode through which it is inserted. As shown in the drawing the bolt is inserted through the cathode 6 and cathode boss 7, therefore the bolt 5 is made of a ferrous metal and the plating 4 is a coinage metal.
  • the bolt 5 head may be slotted for moving the bolt 5 with a blade instrument as shown or prepared to use an Allen wrench or some other key type instrument.
  • the bolt head pressure shoulders have been shown as conical but other configurations such as a flat shoulder can be used depending on the thickness of the electrode and if each electrode has a corresponding boss. It will, of course, be immediately recognized that when the bolt 5 is fully connected with the female boss the shoulder of the bolt 5 head must be engagingly seated against the electrode and/or boss so that the electrode (cathode 6 as shown) is held securely.
  • anode boss 2 must be mated with the cathode 6 (or cathode boss 7 if so provided) to insure that the bolt head does in fact exert pressure on and retain the cathode in place.
  • the bolt passes through and joins to the anode 1 and its boss 2 or the cathode 6 and its boss 7.
  • the bolt is made of metal like the electrode through which it passes.
  • the ferrous metal threads or engaging means are coated or plated with a coinage metal.
  • the valve metal threads or engaging means are coated or plated with a platinum metal.
  • valve metal has been used to describe a class of metals well known in the electrochemical art.
  • valve metals it is meant the metals of titanium, zirconium, tungsten, tantulum and niobium.
  • titanium or tantulum is employed and it is normally a commercially pure grade such as electrolytic grade. Alloys of titanium may be employed as long as the alloy meets the criterion of passivity, metal alloys which become passivated when polarized anodically can remain passive well beyond the anodic potential needed to convert a chloride ion to chlorine.
  • the plating for the ferrous metal is a coinage metal, i.e., copper, silver, gold. Because of solution conditions required in the direct plating of these metals to ferrous metal, it is sometimes desirable to first plate with a step of metal such as nickel which has a more desirable electroplating solution and then plate with the desired coinage metal. For instance, the use of nickel and the copper avoids the use of a cyanide bath. Thus, describing such two step plating nickel copper metal means the copper was plated over a thin layer of nickel. Other intermediate layers are similarly described. The two layer soft metal arrangement retains the advantages of the present invention while permitting the use of more desirable plating solutions. Such two step system is to be considered within the scope of this invention.
  • the platinum group metals include platinum, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium and palladium and alloys of two or more of the foregoing metals. It has been convenient to refer to the group as platinum since platinum is the preferred metal in the group.
  • a bipolar electrolytic filter press cell for the production of chlorine from an aqueous alkali metal chloride wherein the anode is a valve metal and the cathode is a ferrous metal said anode and said cathode being in electrical connection by bolting one to another by inserting through one of the foregoing electrodes a bolt having thread engaging means and made of substantially the same metal as the said one electrode, the other electrode having female thread engaging means, the improvement comprising the thread engaging means made of a ferrous metal being coated with a coinage metal plating and thread engaging means made of a valve metal being plated with at least one platinum group metal whereby when the electrical connection is made the softer platinum group metal and the coinage metal are driven into solid contact with each other thereby making a solid electrical connection and a strong mechanical connection under shearing stress, said female thread engaging means being a metal boss containing female bolt engaging threads, said boss being adhered to said other one electrode on the side facing said electrode.
  • a bipolar electrolytic filter press cell for the production of chlorine from aqueous alkali metal chloride solutions wherein the anode is a valve metal and the cathode is a ferrous metal, said anode and cathode being in electrical connection by bolting one to the other, the improvement which comprises making the electrical connection by adhering to said anode on the side facing said cathode a valve metal boss containing female bolt engag ing threads wherein said threads of said boss have been coated with at least one metal from the platinum group of metals, inserting through said cathode a ferrous metal bolt for engaging said boss in tight electrical and rigid mechanical connection, said bolt having a copper over nickel copper plating on the engaging threads whereby when the electrical connection is made the softer platinum group metal and the nickel copper metal are driven into solid contact with each other thereby making a solid electrical connection and a strong mechanical connection under shearing stress.
  • valve metal of the anode and anode boss is titanium

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
US00260394A 1972-06-07 1972-06-07 Electrical connections for metal electrodes Expired - Lifetime US3788966A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26039472A 1972-06-07 1972-06-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3788966A true US3788966A (en) 1974-01-29

Family

ID=22988992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00260394A Expired - Lifetime US3788966A (en) 1972-06-07 1972-06-07 Electrical connections for metal electrodes

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3788966A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
JP (1) JPS535864B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
BE (1) BE800600A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
CA (1) CA1009182A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
DE (1) DE2328769C3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
FR (1) FR2187414B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
GB (1) GB1435130A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
IT (1) IT986113B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
NO (1) NO138115C (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
SE (1) SE393638B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
ZA (1) ZA733829B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3915833A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-10-28 Steven A Michalek Electrolytic cell with improved bipolar electrode connection
US3950239A (en) * 1974-07-24 1976-04-13 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Electrical connector for bipolar electrodes
US4051009A (en) * 1975-05-19 1977-09-27 Basf Wyandotte Corporation Bipolar electrolytic filter press cell frame
US4069130A (en) * 1975-01-29 1978-01-17 Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation Bipolar electrode and method for constructing same
US4137144A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-01-30 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Hollow bipolar electrolytic cell anode-cathode connecting device
US4354916A (en) * 1981-05-04 1982-10-19 Diamond Shamrock Corporation High current density electrical contact device
US4402809A (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-09-06 Ppg Industries, Inc. Bipolar electrolyzer
US4488946A (en) * 1983-03-07 1984-12-18 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for filter press electrolysis cell structure and use thereof in the electrolysis of sodium chloride
US4560452A (en) * 1983-03-07 1985-12-24 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for depolarized, filter press electrolysis cells and process using said element
US4568434A (en) * 1983-03-07 1986-02-04 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for filter press electrolysis cell structure employing a zero gap configuration and process utilizing said cell
US4581114A (en) * 1983-03-07 1986-04-08 The Dow Chemical Company Method of making a unitary central cell structural element for both monopolar and bipolar filter press type electrolysis cell structural units
US4604171A (en) * 1984-12-17 1986-08-05 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for filter press, solid polymer electrolyte electrolysis cell structure and process using said structure
US4673479A (en) * 1983-03-07 1987-06-16 The Dow Chemical Company Fabricated electrochemical cell
US5013414A (en) * 1989-04-19 1991-05-07 The Dow Chemical Company Electrode structure for an electrolytic cell and electrolytic process used therein
US5849164A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-12-15 Eltech Systems Corporation Cell with blade electrodes and recirculation chamber
WO2003100912A1 (fr) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-04 Textron Fastening Systems Vis de borne

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5545997U (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) * 1978-09-21 1980-03-26
JPS569397U (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-27

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3915833A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-10-28 Steven A Michalek Electrolytic cell with improved bipolar electrode connection
US3950239A (en) * 1974-07-24 1976-04-13 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Electrical connector for bipolar electrodes
US4069130A (en) * 1975-01-29 1978-01-17 Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation Bipolar electrode and method for constructing same
US4051009A (en) * 1975-05-19 1977-09-27 Basf Wyandotte Corporation Bipolar electrolytic filter press cell frame
US4137144A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-01-30 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Hollow bipolar electrolytic cell anode-cathode connecting device
US4354916A (en) * 1981-05-04 1982-10-19 Diamond Shamrock Corporation High current density electrical contact device
US4402809A (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-09-06 Ppg Industries, Inc. Bipolar electrolyzer
US4581114A (en) * 1983-03-07 1986-04-08 The Dow Chemical Company Method of making a unitary central cell structural element for both monopolar and bipolar filter press type electrolysis cell structural units
US4560452A (en) * 1983-03-07 1985-12-24 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for depolarized, filter press electrolysis cells and process using said element
US4568434A (en) * 1983-03-07 1986-02-04 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for filter press electrolysis cell structure employing a zero gap configuration and process utilizing said cell
US4488946A (en) * 1983-03-07 1984-12-18 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for filter press electrolysis cell structure and use thereof in the electrolysis of sodium chloride
US4673479A (en) * 1983-03-07 1987-06-16 The Dow Chemical Company Fabricated electrochemical cell
US4604171A (en) * 1984-12-17 1986-08-05 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for filter press, solid polymer electrolyte electrolysis cell structure and process using said structure
US5013414A (en) * 1989-04-19 1991-05-07 The Dow Chemical Company Electrode structure for an electrolytic cell and electrolytic process used therein
US5849164A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-12-15 Eltech Systems Corporation Cell with blade electrodes and recirculation chamber
WO2003100912A1 (fr) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-04 Textron Fastening Systems Vis de borne
FR2840460A1 (fr) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-05 Gobin Daude Vis de borne
GB2405752A (en) * 2002-05-29 2005-03-09 Textron Fastening Systems Contact pin
GB2405752B (en) * 2002-05-29 2006-03-22 Textron Fastening Systems Contact pin
US20060162827A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2006-07-27 Jonathan Fhima Contact pin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE800600A (fr) 1973-10-01
FR2187414B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1977-05-06
FR2187414A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1974-01-18
NO138115C (no) 1978-07-05
DE2328769B2 (de) 1979-02-01
JPS535864B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1978-03-02
SE393638B (sv) 1977-05-16
DE2328769A1 (de) 1973-12-20
DE2328769C3 (de) 1979-09-27
CA1009182A (en) 1977-04-26
IT986113B (it) 1975-01-20
JPS5046576A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1975-04-25
ZA733829B (en) 1974-05-29
NO138115B (no) 1978-03-28
GB1435130A (en) 1976-05-12

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AS Assignment

Owner name: BASF CORPORATION, STATELESS

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:BASF WYANDOTTE CORPORATION, A MI CORP.;BADISCHE CORPORATION;BASF SYSTEMS CORPORATION;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004844/0837

Effective date: 19860409

Owner name: BASF CORPORATION

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:BASF WYANDOTTE CORPORATION, A MI CORP.;BADISCHE CORPORATION;BASF SYSTEMS CORPORATION;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004844/0837

Effective date: 19860409