US3786875A - Underwater rotatable tool equipment - Google Patents

Underwater rotatable tool equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
US3786875A
US3786875A US00802537A US3786875DA US3786875A US 3786875 A US3786875 A US 3786875A US 00802537 A US00802537 A US 00802537A US 3786875D A US3786875D A US 3786875DA US 3786875 A US3786875 A US 3786875A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fluid
tool
nozzles
jets
equipment
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00802537A
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English (en)
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J Merle
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GRENOBLOISE ETUDE APPL
SOC GRENOBLOISE D ETUDES ET D APPLICATIONS HYDRAULIQUES FR
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GRENOBLOISE ETUDE APPL
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
    • E21B7/124—Underwater drilling with underwater tool drive prime mover, e.g. portable drilling rigs for use on underwater floors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/52—Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/08—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with pressure-velocity transformation exclusively in rotors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S173/00—Tool driving or impacting
    • Y10S173/01—Operable submerged in liquid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/904—Tool drive turbine, e.g. dental drill

Definitions

  • the equlpment m cludes a hydraulic underwater manipulatable, unitary tool connected to one end of a flexible conduit and comprising a rigid member having [52] Cl 173/159 Z Q? a chamber in communication with the conduit and [51] Int Cl 1502b 1/00 with a fluid actuated member rotatably mounted at its [58] Fieid DIG inner end on the rigid member.
  • Tool-carrier means are 175/6 OT 239/251, 3 6 mounted on the outer end of the fluid actuated member. Also mounted on the fluid actuated member behe inner and outer ends thereof are a plurality [56] References Cited tween t of nozzles for dlspensmg the flLlld from sald chamber UNITED STATES PATENTS into the ambient water, the nozzles being canted so as 540,218 5/1895 Stanton et al 239/251 to impart tool actuating movement to the member g g upon emergence of the pressurized fluid therefrom. 0 en 2,194,095 3/1940 Noss l5/104.l2 14 Claims, 12 Drawing Figures PATENTED A 3.786.875
  • working apparatus which is normally submerged during its operation and includes a body connected at one end to a conduit through which issupplied water under pressure, a wheel rotatably mounted on the other end of said body and having a central chamber in communication with the said conduit and having at its periphery a plurality of nozzles adapted to discharge tangential jets of water directly into the water so as to drive the said wheel in rotation, and tool-carrier means associated with said wheel.
  • the jet-wheel is.advantageously streamlined so as to avoid fluid friction during its rotation and may be provided with protection hoods.
  • the equipment normally also includes a waterpumping means for supplying the conduit with water under pressure.
  • This pumping means is constructed to supply water under a pressure corresponding to the sum of the pressure losses in the piping and the pressure that is necessary to provide effective jets for accomplishing the work to be done. It preferably consists of a pump arranged in the open air, and of the centrifugal or piston type in order that there may be obtained the high pressures necessary for the development of large torque or high speeds of rotation.
  • the pump should be capable of drawing-in the water in which the apparatus is sumerged.
  • the wheel-jets may be directed in such manner as to obtain a positioning or lifting thrust of the tool of the desired value.
  • the tool adapts itself automatically to the conditions of use in respect of torque and speed, in its operations from zero speed up to its runaway speed.
  • the torque increases as the speed falls, thereby enabling very high torque to be obtained at zero speed. This characteristic is particularly advantageous when using the tool for tightening screws or other locking operations.
  • this slot is formed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the wheel, the entire periphery of the wheel can be utilized, with the provision of course, of internal guide-vanes for suitably directing the jets.
  • slots of this kind it is also possible to construct an apparatus of small diameter, using a number of superimposed wheels.
  • a second arrangement that may be utilized to reduce disturbance of the water bottom consists in directing the jets upwardly. This may be simply effected by directing the nozzles upwards, inwhich case there is additionally produced a positioning force on the tool which can sometimes be very useful.
  • a third arrangement consists of placing under the jets a deflecting plate which is capable of acting on the jets at their outlets, so as to damp and distribute their kinetic energy and to direct the remaining energy upwardly in such manner as not to disturb the bottom.
  • This plate may be mounted for free'rotation on the wheel shaft, thereby preventing the creation of any reaction torque on the fixed support of the wheel. With this arrangement, only a small positioning force on the tool is required.
  • the plate may also be rigidly secured to the fixed support of the wheel, for example the water-inlet piping, in which case it will produce a slight reaction torque on such support.
  • a fourth arrangement may consist in surrounding the jets with a hood in the form of a grating, thereby ensuring the damping of their kinetic energy.
  • this hood may be mounted freely in rotation, or fixed rigidly to the fixed support of the wheel.
  • FIG. 1 is a general disgrammatic view of equipment for underwater working constructed in accordance with the invention, and illustrating its method of operation;
  • FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the submerged apparatus of this equipment, taken along the line "-11 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 3 is a corresponding view in vertical crosssection, taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2-,
  • FIG. 4 is a torque-speed diagram of this apparatus
  • FIG. 5 is a view in elevation of another embodiment, in which the wheel is constructed to provide thin jets
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the wheel shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a view in elevation of another form of wheel capable of providing thin jets
  • FIG. 8 is a view in partial horizontal cross-section of a wheel capable of providing a thin jet over itswhole periphery
  • FIG. 9 is a view in elevation of a wheel having its jets directed upwards
  • FIG. is an elevational view of a wheel provided with a deflecting plate
  • FIG. 11 is an elevational view of a wheel fitted with a jet-damping grating.
  • FIG. 12 is an elevational view of a wheel provided with a combined deflecting plate and grating for damping the jets.
  • the numeral 10 generally designates a rotating tool to be worked underwater utilizing equipment embodying the invention.
  • This equipment comprises a water pumping means 11 of known construction arranged on any suitable support in the open air such as the boat illustrated, and taking in water from the surrounding body of water 13 through a suction conduit l2.
  • a delivery conduit 14 Coupled to the pumping means 11 is a delivery conduit 14 through which water under pressure is supplied to the working apparatus generally designated 15 and which is normally submerged during the work to be performed in the body of water 13.
  • the working apparatus 15 comprises a tubular, sub- 'stantially rigid body 16 which is associated with and forms part of the conduit 14, which may be partially or wholly flexible.
  • the body 16 may be in the form of .a short pipe that can be utilized as a handle to operate the tool by hand as is shown in FIG. 1, or it may be constructed to be utilized in a mechanized and automatic manner, for example from a control station which may be located either on the surface or under the water.
  • a driving wheel 17 On the lower extremity of the body 16 is rotatably mounted a driving wheel 17. As is shown in FIG. 3, the connection between such parts may be made by a device 25 forming a thrust bearing and/or a sealing joint capable of ensuring at least partial fluid-tightness between, on the one hand, the tubular body 16 and consequently the piping 14 of which it forms a part, and on the other hand, a tubular hub 26 forming part of the wheel 17.
  • the wheel 17 comprises a central chamber 18 which is in communication with the lower end of the delivery conduit 14 and with four arms 22 which extend out to the periphery of the wheel and at the outer extremities of which are formed nozzles 19 capable of ejecting at the periphery of the wheel and directly into the water volume 13, water in the form of jets 20.
  • the nozzles 19 are disposed to discharge the jets 20 tangentially to the periphery of the wheel 17 so as to rotatably drive such wheel when the chamber 18, through conduit 14, is supplied with water drawn from the surrounding medium and placed under pressure by the pumping means 11 which may be constituted of a pump of the centrifugal type.
  • the pumping means 11 which may be constituted of a pump of the centrifugal type.
  • tool carrier means 21 for holding the tool 10.
  • the wheel 17 thus drives the working tool 10 to effect the underwater operation of the same.
  • the tool 10 may have any suitable form for carrying out any appropriate work, for example, an auger-bit for digging, a drill for piercing, a screwdriver for screwing, etc.
  • the centrifugal pump 1 l supplies a pressure corresponding to the sum of the pressure losses in the piping l4 bringing water to the wheel, and the pressure drop necessary for the operation of the jets 20.
  • the piping 14 comprises a closure member or valve 14a located adjacent to the body or handle 16 to enable the operator to adjust the speed of the tool.
  • the arms 22 are located in a hood 23 forming part of the wheel and rigidly connected to and rotating with the arms 22.
  • the hood 23 is constituted of spaced top and bottom disc-like plates rigidly secured to the wheel hub 26 and fixed in spaced relation by curved guide vanes 24.
  • the vanes 24 are associated with the discharge ends of the arms 22 so as to provide openings 240 which are level with the jets 20 and permit the free evacuation of such jets into the surrounding medium.
  • the nozzles ,l9 producing such jets may be given an axial orientation such as to cause the jets to provide an axial component of force of a desired value on the tool, for example, a thrust on the tool by is an inverse function of the speed, which indicates that the tool will adapt itself automatically to the conditions of working.
  • a thrust on the tool by is an inverse function of the speed, which indicates that the tool will adapt itself automatically to the conditions of working.
  • the numeral 171 generally indicates a modified reaction driving wheel for driving a boring tool 10.
  • water under pressure is furnished to the wheel from a pump 11 through a conduit 14 of which the body 16 forms a part.
  • a thrust bearing 25 for rotatably connecting the wheel with a sealing joint to the piping.
  • the wheel 171 is provided with eight arms 27,
  • nozzles 19a in the form of thin slots disposed in planes parallel to the axis of the wheel.
  • the water coming in under pressure through the piping 14 will be ejected in the form of thin jets 20 by the nozzles 19a to effect the rotation of the wheel.
  • the jets Due to their narrow nature, the jets will be dispersed at a short distance from their outlets. Consequently these jets will have very little effect on the water bottom with the result that very little cloudiness will be created in the medium, thereby enabling the tool to work under good conditions of visibility.
  • the reaction driving wheel 172 is provided with pairs of diametrically opposed nozzles having ejection slots 1% disposed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the wheel.
  • the nozzles are provided at the extremities of paired arms which are arranged on the wheel in three superimposed stages 28, 28', 28", thus making it possible to obtain an advantageous driving torque with a wheel of small diameter.
  • the slots 19b may be disposed parallelly to the axis of the wheel and may be given inclinations intermediate the said parallel and perpendicular dispositions thereof.
  • FIG. 8 shows a driving wheel 173 in which the whole periphery is utilized in the form of a thin slot so as to produce a thin circular jet in the plane of the wheel.
  • This wheel differs from the construction of FIGS. 1 to 3, in that instead of arms forming nozzles the guide vanes between the end plates of the wheel hood are arranged to deliver the air under pressure to the periphery of the wheel.
  • the wheel 173 is shown with its upper end-plate partly removed to expose the guide-vanes 29 with which it is provided to give the desired direction of discharge to the jets which form the thin circular jet.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment with two jets formed by two diametrically opposed nozzles 19d which are arranged in the wheel 174 so that such jets are orientated upwardly.
  • two jets formed by two diametrically opposed nozzles 19d which are arranged in the wheel 174 so that such jets are orientated upwardly.
  • stirring-up of the water bottoms is avoided and there is created an axial force directed downwardly on the tool, thus giving rise to a positioning or fixing effect on the tool which may be advantageous.
  • FIG. 10 shows an arrangement in which the driving wheel 175 having arms and nozzles to form two jets 20 suitably orientated in its plane, is provided with a deflecting plate 30 in the form of a cup.
  • the construction and arrangement of the plate 30 is such that the kinetic energy of the jets, is dampened and distributed and the remaining energy is directed upwardly so as not to disturb the water bottom.
  • the positioning force on the tool in the construction of FIG. is smaller than that which is obtained with the arrangement of FIG. 9.
  • the plate 30 may be mounted on a thrust-bearing 31 provided on the tool carrying means of the wheel 175 so that it can rotate freely, independently of the rotation of the wheel.
  • FIG. 11 shows the driving wheel 175 provided with a hood 32 in the form of a grating.
  • the jets lose the greater part of their kinetic energy while passing through the grating of hood 32, so that they do not appreciably disturb the water bottom.
  • This grating like the deflector of FIG. 10 may be mounted on a thrust bearing 31 so that it is freely rotatable. It may also as shown in FIG. 11, be mounted in rigidly fixed relation on the handle part 16 of pipe 14 in any suitable fashion as by a clamp 36. When the grating is so fixed to the pipe 14 a slight reaction torque could be produced on the said pipe. It will be understood that the deflector 30 of FIG. 10 may also be fixedly mounted on the associated handle part 16 of the piping 14 in a somewhat similar fashion.
  • FIG. 12 shows an arrangement in which the kinetic energy absorbing grating 32 of FIG. 11 has been combined with the deflecting plate 30 of FIG. 10.
  • the arrangement of FIG. 12 comprises a deflecting plate portion 33 which is freely rotatably supported by a thrustbearing 34 mounted on the tool carrying means of the wheel 175.
  • This deflecting plate portion 33 is integrally connected at its upper portion with a grating portion 35.
  • the arrangement has been found to be especially advantageous in eliminating substantially all possibility of the jets causing muddiness of the surrounding medium by disturbance of the water bottoms, thereby enabling the tool to work under excellent conditions of visibility.
  • a fluid pressure actuated driving means for an underwater power tool comprising:
  • conduit means for delivering pressurized fluid to said chamber
  • a fluid actuated member in communication with said chamber to receive pressurized fluid therefrom; means for exhausting said fluid to impart movement to said member;
  • said fluid exhausting means including a plurality of fluid dispensing nozzles communicating from the interior of said member to disperse fluid into the ambient water outside of said member;
  • said nozzles being canted so as to impart tool actuating movement upon emergence of pressurized fluid therefrom.
  • Equipment for working underwater with a rotating tool comprising, flexible conduit means for supplying fluid under pressure, a submergible, manipulatable, unitary tool connected to one end of said conduit means, said unitary tool comprising rigid means having a pressurized fluid receiving chamber in communication with said conduit means, a fluid actuated member having a central chamber with an inner fluid entry end in communication with said chamber to receive pressurized fluid therefrom and closed at its outer end by an end wall, fluid-tight means rotatably supporting the inner end of said fluid actuated member on said rigid means, tool-carrier means mounted on said outer end wall of said fluid actuated member and rotatably driven by the same, and means for exhausting said fluid to impart rotational movement to said member, said fluid exhausting means including a plurality of fluid dispensing nozzles located between said rotatable supporting means and said tool-carrier means and communicating with the central chamber in said member to disperse fluid therefrom into the ambient water outside of said member, said nozzles being canted so as to impart tool actuating
  • Equipment as defined in claim 6, including a plurality of guide members carried by said fluid actuated member so as to be associated with the jets of fluid discharging from said nozzles, said guide members being configured to provide openings level with the discharged jets of fluid and permitting the free evacuation of such jets into the ambient water.
  • Equipment as defined in claim 6, including a deflecting plate mounted on said fluid actuating member between said fluid dispensing nozzles and said toolcarrier means, said reflecting plate extending beyond the discharge openings in said nozzles and being configured so that the fluid jets discharging through such openings apply a thrust thereon in the direction of said tool-carrier means.
  • Equipment as defined in claim 10 including tional movement relative to said rotatable fluid actuating member.
  • Equipment as defined in claim 6, including a hood mounted on said unitary tool and enclosing the discharge ends of said fluid dispensing nozzles, a portion of said hood in the region of said nozzle ends being grated to permit the fluid jets discharged from said nozzles to pass therethrough, such grated portion of the hood being constructed to cause such jets to lose sufficient of their kenetic energy so that they do not appreciably disturb the water bottom.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US00802537A 1968-02-29 1969-02-26 Underwater rotatable tool equipment Expired - Lifetime US3786875A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2368404A1 (fr) * 1976-10-19 1978-05-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Dispositif pour la fourniture d'energie a des plongueurs, notamment de la chaleur, utilisant le fluide adjacent a la surface
US4215544A (en) * 1978-05-17 1980-08-05 Tad Stanwick Method of generating rotary power in a deepsea environment
US4406332A (en) * 1978-10-02 1983-09-27 Dismukes Newton B Rotary earth boring tool
FR2524940A1 (fr) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-14 Japan Marine Science & Tech Outil hydraulique sous-marin
US4432423A (en) * 1979-12-31 1984-02-21 Lyons William C Apparatus for extended straight line drilling from a curved borehole
US5480291A (en) * 1990-02-05 1996-01-02 Underwater Excavation Limited Underwater excavation apparatus
DE19738518C1 (de) * 1997-09-03 1999-02-04 Ralph Melkau Verfahren zur Beseitigung von Ablagerungen auf Gewässerböden
US6152736A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-11-28 Schmidinger; Frank Dental turbine
RU2345243C1 (ru) * 2007-04-03 2009-01-27 Эдуард Дмитриевич Житников Трубчато-лопастное рабочее колесо

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2380447A1 (fr) * 1977-02-15 1978-09-08 Peyrard Jean Pompe d'epuisement a moteur hydraulique

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US540218A (en) * 1895-05-28 Territory
US599840A (en) * 1898-03-01 Ernest m
US599825A (en) * 1898-03-01 Rotary boiler-flue cleaner
US2194095A (en) * 1939-01-11 1940-03-19 Lewis D Harbaugh Chimney borer and soot-churn nozzle
US2218130A (en) * 1938-06-14 1940-10-15 Shell Dev Hydraulic disruption of solids
US2340738A (en) * 1941-05-01 1944-02-01 Smith Corp A O Turbine driven well drilling unit
US2710419A (en) * 1951-06-13 1955-06-14 Lyman B Whitlow Cleaning device for tubes
US3167126A (en) * 1962-08-03 1965-01-26 Jr Harry W Reineke Desanding hose and cutting tool
US3396941A (en) * 1967-10-23 1968-08-13 William R. Crawford Underwater motor
US3468385A (en) * 1968-05-29 1969-09-23 Salvatore J Penza Underwater power tool

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US540218A (en) * 1895-05-28 Territory
US599840A (en) * 1898-03-01 Ernest m
US599825A (en) * 1898-03-01 Rotary boiler-flue cleaner
US2218130A (en) * 1938-06-14 1940-10-15 Shell Dev Hydraulic disruption of solids
US2194095A (en) * 1939-01-11 1940-03-19 Lewis D Harbaugh Chimney borer and soot-churn nozzle
US2340738A (en) * 1941-05-01 1944-02-01 Smith Corp A O Turbine driven well drilling unit
US2710419A (en) * 1951-06-13 1955-06-14 Lyman B Whitlow Cleaning device for tubes
US3167126A (en) * 1962-08-03 1965-01-26 Jr Harry W Reineke Desanding hose and cutting tool
US3396941A (en) * 1967-10-23 1968-08-13 William R. Crawford Underwater motor
US3468385A (en) * 1968-05-29 1969-09-23 Salvatore J Penza Underwater power tool

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2368404A1 (fr) * 1976-10-19 1978-05-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Dispositif pour la fourniture d'energie a des plongueurs, notamment de la chaleur, utilisant le fluide adjacent a la surface
US4215544A (en) * 1978-05-17 1980-08-05 Tad Stanwick Method of generating rotary power in a deepsea environment
US4406332A (en) * 1978-10-02 1983-09-27 Dismukes Newton B Rotary earth boring tool
US4432423A (en) * 1979-12-31 1984-02-21 Lyons William C Apparatus for extended straight line drilling from a curved borehole
FR2524940A1 (fr) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-14 Japan Marine Science & Tech Outil hydraulique sous-marin
US5480291A (en) * 1990-02-05 1996-01-02 Underwater Excavation Limited Underwater excavation apparatus
US5607289A (en) * 1990-02-05 1997-03-04 Underwater Excavation Ltd. Underwater excavation apparatus
US6152736A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-11-28 Schmidinger; Frank Dental turbine
DE19738518C1 (de) * 1997-09-03 1999-02-04 Ralph Melkau Verfahren zur Beseitigung von Ablagerungen auf Gewässerböden
RU2345243C1 (ru) * 2007-04-03 2009-01-27 Эдуард Дмитриевич Житников Трубчато-лопастное рабочее колесо

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Publication number Publication date
FR1575616A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-07-25

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