US1592452A

US1592452A - Dishwashing machine

Info

Publication number: US1592452A
Application number: US554048A
Authority: US
Inventors: John E Ferris; William F Zacher
Original assignee: HYDRO ELECTRIC Manufacturing CO
Current assignee: HYDRO ELECTRIC Manufacturing CO; HYDRO-ELECTRIC Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1922-04-17
Filing date: 1922-04-17
Publication date: 1926-07-13
Anticipated expiration: 1943-07-13

Description

July 13 1926.

J. E. FERRIS ET AL DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed April 17, 1522 I N VEN TOR AToRNEYs.

Patented YJuly 13, 1926.l

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE.

JOHN E. FERRIS AND WILLIAM F. ZACHER, F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN; SAID ZACHER ASSIGNOR T0 HYDRO-ELECTRIC MFG. C0., 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A COR- PORATION OF WISCONSIN.

DISHWASHING MACHINE.

Application led April 17, 1922. Serial No. 554,048.

This invention relates 'to improvements in dish washing machines.

It is the primary object of this invention tol rovide means for utilizing effectively in a dish washing machine the power of the water applied to the dishes, and for raising the ower of the water to the required intensit through the application of an eX- terna agency, such as an .electric or other motor.

Hydraulic dish washing machines have met with much favor upon the market, the power of the water being utilized to drive a rotor for distributing the water through the machine, and the force of the jets ejected from the rotor bein food and dirt from t e dishes to be washed. It has been found, however, that in many communities the Water is not maintained at suiiicient pressure to accom lish the desired objects, and many communities wholly lack a supply of waterunder pressure. The dish I washing machine disclosed herein is particularly adapted to serve the needs of residents of such communities. A

The machine hereinafter to be disclosed is primarily a hydraulic machine in that the actual washing of the dishes is accomplished b the iushing action of the jets discharged rom the distributing nozzles. The ower of the water ejected from said jets 1s also utilized to drive rotors which dis tribute or e ualize the action of the jets throughout t e machine, subjecting all the dishes therein to the repeated action of one or more of the 'ets. In order, however, to utilize a hydrau ic machine in communities where water yunder pressure is not available, this invention contemplates the. use of a power driven boosting device, adapted to store kinetic energy in the'water for use in the hydraulic operation of the machine. The apparatus whereby energy is stored in the water passin throu h the machine has a further functlon, in t at it assists materially in the distribution throu h the machine of the hydraulic jets whic accomplish the washing rocess.V l

It is, t erefore, more particularly the object of this invention to provide means for washing disheshydraulically and for crey ating inthe wash' Huid a pressure ada ted to perform the wor required of such uid utilized to fiush the` Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the several views. y

5 represents the casing or'housing within which the dishes are enclosed for washing. The" casing may be provided, if desired, withv a shoulder at 6, adapted to support a rack 7 upon which the dishes may rest. The casing may be further shouldered at 8 to support a removable cover 9. The dishes to be washed are represented at 10.

In the lower central portion of the casing 5 is a fitting 11 through which the water is supplied and the power from the boosting devlce is transmitted. The fitting 1 1 is sta'- tionary and is provided with'; an annular flange 12 against which the bottom of the container 5 rests and is secured by the co1- lar 13 or other suitable means.

The fitting 11 may be provided with a central recess 15, surrounding which is an.

annular channel 16. The pipe 17 in communication with a source of water supply leads through duct 18 to channel 16.

That portion 19 of the fitting 11 which immediate y surrounds the recess 15 consti tutes a sup ort and bearingl for the main rotor 20, w ich is also provided with an annular de ending bearin flan e- 21 contacting wit the outer wal 22 o fitting 11. The rotor 20 comprises a hub and two or more radially projecting arms 23 and 24 which are preferably disposed s mmetrically about the ub. A shaft 25 is ed u wardly through the recess 15 and through t e ybearing and supporting member 19, and is keyed or otherwise secured at its upper end to the hub or rotor 20. Shaft 25 is arranged to be operatively driven by any available source of power, such as the motor shown at 26.

los.

It will be obv'ious that a pulley may be applied to said shaft, which may be driven from any other source of power, as desired.

The radially extending arms 23 and 24 are hollow, as shown, and are in communication through suitable openings with the annular channel 16 formed in fittin0r 11. Associated with each of said arms, adjacent the openings referred to, are scoops 27 and 28 respectively. These scoops are arranged to travel in the annular channel 16 and to deliver water therefrom to the arms 23 and 24 with which they are associated. In l-"igure 1 the rotor 20 is arranged for counterclockwise rotation, and consequently the scoop 27 is viewed from the rear and scoop 28 from the front. It will be understood that when the motor is actuated. to turn shaft 25 and thereby to drive the rotor 20, scoops 27 and 28 will travel at high speed about the annular recess'l and will deliver water therefrom into the radial arms 23 and 24 of the rotor.

The water so delivered will be impelled outwardly through each of said arms by centrifugal force, and will thereby acquire a very considerable amount of kinetic energy. In fact, the rotor 20 constitutes, even without the scoops 27 and 28, a. very efficient centrifugal pum The scoo s, however, serve to facilitate t e action of t e pump, particularly during the initial operation thereof, since as soon as water appears in the channel 16 it is engaged by the scoops and delivered' into the arms 23 and 24. Even a small amount of water so delivered will act as a piston and, moving outwardly through said arms, will immediately start the further flow of water throu h the device.

Arriving at t e ends of arms 23 and 24 the water is delivered to rotors 30 and 31, each of which constitutes an independently operative reaction sprayer'. Each of the subordinate rotors 30 and 31 is journaled for rotation upon a fitting 32, threaded into the ends of arms 23 and 24. Each of said rotors 30 and 31 is rovided with radially extending arms 34 of which terminate in jets 35,

fslightly inclined from the vertical, in the.

manner clearly shown in the drawings. It will be noted that the arms of rotor 30 are inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of the arms of rotor 31. Consequently, the reaction of the liquid expelled from the jets of rotor 30 will impel said rotor in an opposite direction to the direction of rotation of rotor 31. As shown in the drawings, rotor 30 is adapted. to rotate in clockwise direction, whereas rotor 31 will rotate counter-clockwise.

Attention is directed to the arrangement of the parts in which they appear in Figure 1. The rotor 20 is driven by the electric motor in a counter-clockwise direction. lThe rotor 31 is likewise driven counter-clockwise.

whereas the rotor 30 is driven in a clockwise direction. Obviously,` the resultant directions in which the jets of liquid are eX- pelled from the several nozzles 35 will vary in accordance with the relative positions of said nozzles. For example, that nozzle 35 which is shown in Figure 1, to be carried by rotor 31 and to l-e disposed adjacent the outer wall of the casing, is directed slightly rearwardly, but has the added velocities of rotor 20 and rotor 3l in a counter-clockwise direction. The other nozzle 35 carried by the same rotor is so moving that its direction of travel about the end of arm 24 is opposed to its direction of travel about the drive shaft 25. Obviously at this point the last described nozzle will have very little resultant movement in any direction, and the jet discharged therefrom will accordingly follow the line of travel in which it is directed by the nozzle. Similarly, variant velocities and directions of discharge may be shown to exist in the jets discharged from both nozzles of rotor 30, and the jets discharged from rotor 30 will furthermore differ at any particular moment from the directions and velocities of jets discharged from the nozzles of rotor 31. In

consequence of the peculiar construction of this device, it follows that the jets of liquid discharged upon the dishes to be'cleansed are constantly varying in angle, position of discharge, and velocity of discharge. As a result the several jets will strike the dishes from all sides and the possibility of any food being able to cling thereto is remote.

It will be clear Afrom the foregoing that the motor shown at 26 may be varied in size to satisfy the requirements of the community in which the device is to be used. Supposing water to ybe available under pressure, and supposing that the pressure is insufficient to operate a hydraulic dish washing machine of the type heretofore used, a relatively small electric motor 26 will be adapted to boost the pressure of water admitted through pipe 17 to a degree sufficient for the effective operation of the machine. If on the other hand. no water under pressure is available at all` a stronger electric motor 26 may be provided to develop the requisite water power at the tips of arms 23 and 24 by centrifugal action in said pipes. Where water under pressure is not available, the scoops 27 land 23 are of particular importance, in that by their use the effectiveness of the. centrifugal pump is materially increased.

In operating the device disclosed herein. the dishes 10 are placed upon the rack 7 within the casing 5, the casing then being closed by the cover 9. The pipe 17 is counected with a source of water supply, the

water being under pressure if possible. A

suitable motor 26 is operatively connected with the shaft 25 and is set in operation to drive rotor 20. The arms 23 and 24 cartied by said rotor being in rapid rotation, suction is developed in the annular assage 16 which drives water therein throng 1 pipe 17. Where water is provided under pressuregit will already be fiowing through sa1d channel, and in any event'the initial flow will be materially aided by the operation of scoops 27 and 28, which will lift the water from the channel and deliver it through the radial arms 23 and 24.

As the water reaches the end of said arms, the centrifugal force developed therein will deliver the water under a very consider able pressure, and in this state of pressure it is delivered through the separate rotors" 30 and 31 to their nozzles 35. The ejection of water through these nozzles produces a reaction tending to drive each of the rotors 30 and 31 independently in relatively reverse directions. As explained heretofore, the effect of the diverse rotation of the subordinate rotors, in combination with the positive actuation of the main rotor 20, produces a constantly varying direction and rate of discharge in the jets 35, whereby said jets are caused to impinge upon the dishes at various angles and velocities.

l/Ve claim:

1. In a device of the character described, the combination with a bearingl member having an upwardly opening annular channel provided with an inlet port leading to its lower portion, of a rotor journaled upon said member interiorly and exteriorly of said channel whereby substantially to seal said channel, said rotor being provided with an outwardly extending passage communicating with said channel, whereby to be adapted to receive liquid under pressure therefrom, a shaftextending through said member co-axially with said rotor and operatively connected therewith, the aforesaid journaling of said rotor on said member interiorly of said' channelv being adapted to exclude from access to said shaft a liquid in said channel.

2. In a dish washing'machine, mechanism for supplying and distributing water under pressure, said mechanism including a rotor journaled for rotation about a given axis and providing a water passage extending away from said axis, aV motor operatively connected with said rot-or for the actuation thereof, a water conduit leading to a portion of said passage near its axis, and a reaction sprayer carried b y said rotor at a point remote from the axis thereof and in communication with said passage, whereby the power actuated rotation of said rotor is adapted to develop Vcentrifugal pressure in a Huid in said passage and said pressure is utilized in the operation of said reaction sprayer.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with an annularly channeled tting, of a rotor journaled, on said fitting and including outwardly extending pipes in communication with the channel,v

reaction sprayers at the ends of said pipes and adapted for operation under the pressure developed by liquid passing through said pipes when said rotor is in operation, and a motor operable independently of said liquid and connected with said rotor for the actuation thereof. i

4. A dish washing machine including an annularly channeled fitting provided with an inlet port, a rotor journaled on said fitting and closing the channel therein except for said port, said rotor including outwardly extending pipes in communication 'With the channel, and means at the end of each pipe. for distributing fluid passing therethrough, anda scoop connected with cach pipe and adapted during rotation of said rotor to move within said channel, said scoop being arranged to lift fluid therefrom into its associated pipe.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a device of the character described including in combination an electric motor having a driving shaft, a rotor provided with outwardly extending passages and arranged to be driven from said shaft, fluid supply means in communication with said passages adjacent the axis of said rotor, whereby fluid supplied to said passages will be centrifugally impelled therein to develop pressure in the course. of travel therethrough, and reaction sprayers in communication with said passages and adapted to move with said rotor to distribute iuid supplied through said passa-ge, said sprayers being adapted for actuation by pressures developed in said fluid as aforesaid.

6. A dish washing machine including an annularly channeled iitting centrally dis'- posed and provided with a fluid inlet, a rotor journaled on the fitting in a Aosition for the substantial closure of the c annel therein, whereby fluid admitted to said fitting when said rotor lis stationary will not escape between said tting and said rotor, said rotor being provided with outwardly extending passages in communication with said channel, and an electric motor provided with a shaft extending axially through said fitting within the channel therein and connectcd with said rotor. I

7. In a dish washing machine, a. centrally disposed fitting provided with an annular channel, a motor disposed beneath said fitting and provided with a shaft extending centrally therethrough, a rotor journaled on the fitting and connected with the shaft, said rotor including centrifugal passages in communication with said channel, a fluid supply conduit leading to said channel, and a scoop associated with each of said passafres and depending in said channel, whereby each Such scoop will lift fluid fron-i said channel to its associated passage when said motor is in operation for the actuation of said rotor.

8. In a' dish washing machine, a rotor provided with radially extending tubes, meansfor supplying fluid to said tu es irrespective of their state of rest or motion, a motor provided with a source of power independent of said fluid supplying means and connected in driving relation to the rotor, and reaction sprayers mounted upon the outer end of each tube carried by the rotor, one of said sprayers being arranged for clockwise rotation and another for counterclockwise rotation. l

9. In a dish washing machine, a rotor provided with a radially disposed tube, means for supplying fluid to said tube while the rotor is in motion, a motor connected with said rotor for the actuation thereof having a source of power independent of said fluid supplying means, and a reaction sprayer at the end of said tube adapted to be driven.

by water pressure developed by centrifugal force within the tube, whereby centrifugal pressure developed in water in the course of its distribution within said tube is utilized in effecting the further distribution of said water in said sprayer.

10. In a dish washing machine, a rotor provided with a set of outwardly leading tubes, means for supplying fluid to said tubes, a motor provided with a source of power independent of said liuid supplying means and operatively connected in driving relation to the rotor, and reaction sprayers upon the ends of the tube rotatable upon an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the rotor and adapted to be driven by water pressure developed by centrifugal force within the tubes of the rotor.

11. A dish washing machine including a centrally disposed rotor, a motor having a shaft in axial alignment with said rotor and directly connected therewith, a channeled fitting associated with said rotor, said rotor having outwardly extending passages adapted to maintain communication with said -channel during rotation, and reaction sprayers in communication with said passages and adapted to be actuated by water pressure developed in the delivery of water through said passages.

12. A dish washing machine including a central, annularly channeled fitting, a rotor journaled thereon coaxially with the channelA therein, a shaft extending through said fitting and directly connected with said rotor an electric motor arranged to drive said shaft, a water supply conduit leading to said channel, and reaction sprayers mounted on said rotor and provided with oppositely inclined jets, whereby said sprayers will operate in opposite directions, said rotor being provided with a radially extending passage affording communication between said channel and each sprayer.

13. In a device of the character described, the combination with a chamber provided with relatively fixed and movable Valls, an inlet port in one of said walls and an outlet port in the other of said walls, said chamber being closed except for said ports, of a scoop extending into said chamberand connected with the movable wall wherein one of said ports is located, and powers means connected with said movable. wall for transmitting motion thereto whereby said scoop will elevate liquid from said chamber to the port with which it is associated when relative movement occurs between said walls.

14. In a device of the character described, a fitting provided with an annular channel having an inlet port a rotor journaled upon said fitting and provided with an outlet port, said rotor closing said channel except for said inlet andv outlet ports, a scoop connected with said rotor adjacent one of said ports and extending into said channel for liquid delivery to the adjacent port, and power means connected with said rotor for transmitting motion thereto.,

15. In a device of the character described, a fitting provided with an annular channel having an inlet port, a rotor journaled coaxially with said channel and associated with said fitting, said rotor being provided with .an outlet port and arranged to close said channel except for said inlet and outlet ports, an electric motor connected with said rotor for the actuation thereof, and a f scoop depending from said rotor adjacent said outlet port and arranged to travel in said channel, said scoopto be fitted comparatively closely within said channel, whereby to elevate material therefrom into said outlet port.

JOHN E. FERRIS. WILLIAM F. ZACHER.